Sterilization method using microwaves and electromagnetic waves in aquaculture

Abstract

The invention provides a sterilization method using microwaves and electromagnetic waves in aquaculture, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and the sterilization method comprises the following steps: S1, extracting pond water in a main aquaculture pond, and filtering the pond water to form primary water; s2, carrying out pre-oxidation treatment on the primary water to form secondary water; s3, the second water enters a microwave mechanism, microwave emission sources are arranged in the microwave mechanism in an array mode, the second water is sterilized through microwaves, third water is formed, and the temperature of the third water is 30-45 degrees; s4, the third water enters a to-be-cooled pond to be cooled, aeration and oxygenation are carried out, and return water is formed; and S5, enabling the return water to enter a standby water tank matched with the main aquaculture pond, carrying out temperature adjustment treatment, and introducing the return water subjected to temperature adjustment into the main aquaculture pond. Filtering, pre-oxidation, microwave sterilization and cooling oxygenation are carried out on pond water in a main aquaculture pond, sterilization treatment is carried out on the pond water through the non-thermal effect of microwaves, the sterilization effect on turbid pond water is good, and no drug by-products exist.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a sterilization method using microwave electromagnetic waves in aquaculture. BACKGROUND

[0002] The sustainable development of large-scale aquaculture is highly dependent on the health status of the water environment, and pathogenic microorganism control is a core technical challenge to achieve high-density aquaculture. In closed or recirculating aquaculture systems, the water flow is limited, and the large amount of feed residues, biological metabolites and microorganisms are prone to cause water eutrophication, providing a breeding environment for pathogenic bacteria (such as Escherichia coli, Vibrio, Aeromonas) and viruses.

[0003] The traditional aquaculture mode mainly relies on chemical disinfectants and ultraviolet disinfection to maintain water hygiene. For example, chemical disinfection (chlorine preparation) is used, which has a strong oxidizing effect to destroy the cell membrane and enzyme system of microorganisms, and has a significant inactivation effect on bacteria and viruses. However, chlorine preparations will react with organic matter (such as humic acid and fish excrement) in the water to generate typical drug byproducts such as trihalomethane (THMs) and haloacetic acid (HAAs). These byproducts not only threaten the safety of aquaculture organisms, but also destroy the ecological balance of natural water bodies after being discharged. When chlorine-containing wastewater is discharged into lakes, it inhibits the photosynthesis of phytoplankton and reduces primary productivity, and ultimately harms human health through the food chain. For example, ultraviolet disinfection is used, which destroys the DNA base pairing of microorganisms through 254nm ultraviolet photons to achieve instantaneous sterilization. The sterilization rate can reach 99.9% in pure water treatment, but the ultraviolet light decays significantly in turbid water. Suspended particles (such as feed residues, algae, and feces) cause a shielding effect, and ultraviolet light only works in the irradiation moment. It has no inhibitory effect on the light-irradiated blind area (pipe bends, biofilm on the pool wall) and newly-inflown water, and lacks sustained bacteriostatic ability. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a sterilization method using microwave electromagnetic waves in aquaculture to solve the technical problems of weak sterilization effect and drug byproducts in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present application to solve the above technical problems is as follows: A sterilization method using microwave electromagnetic waves in aquaculture, comprising S1: extracting pool water in a main aquaculture pool, filtering the pool water to form a first water; S2: pre-oxidizing the first water to form a second water; S3: the second water enters a microwave mechanism, which has an array of microwave emission sources, and the microwave is used to sterilize the second water to form a third water, and the temperature of the third water is 30°-45°. S4: the three water enters a pool to be cooled to be cooled, and is aerated to increase oxygen, and the backwater is formed; S5: the backwater enters a standby pool matched with the main aquaculture pool, is treated to be tempered, and the tempered backwater is introduced into the main aquaculture pool.

[0006] Preferably, the filtration of the pool water comprises primary filter screen filtration, secondary screen filtration and sedimentation filtration, the primary filter screen has a pore size of 1-2 cm, the secondary screen has a pore size of 0.1-0.2 cm, and the sedimentation filtration is performed by using a sedimentation pool, and the water in the upper layer of the sedimentation pool is the first water.

[0007] Preferably, the pre-oxidation treatment in the pre-oxidation pool comprises: introducing the first water into the pre-oxidation pool, and adding H202 or ozone; wherein: the addition amount of H202 is 40-80 g / t of water, or the addition amount of ozone is 3-6 g / t of water; and the second water is formed.

[0008] Preferably, the H202 and the ozone are added in a synergistic manner, and the molar ratio of H202 to O3 is 0.5:1-1.5:1.

[0009] Preferably, the microwave mechanism is provided with a slow-flow part at one end, the second water enters the slow-flow part to limit the flow speed of the second water, and the second water enters the microwave mechanism in a slow-flow state.

[0010] Preferably, the microwave mechanism comprises: introducing the second water into a microwave resonant cavity of the microwave mechanism at a flow rate of 5-10 L / min, and the microwave resonant cavity is provided with 8-12 groups of microwave emission sources of 2450 MHz±50 MHz; the microwave resonant cavity is provided with a microwave diffuser at the top and a vortex generator at the bottom, so that the water body forms a spiral flow state.

[0011] Preferably, the water flowing out of the microwave mechanism is subjected to ammonia-nitrogen degradation, and is subjected to active carbon-zeolite composite adsorption degradation to form the third water.

[0012] Preferably, the third water is subjected to primary cooling by falling through a water curtain, the water falling through the water curtain enters an underground cooling pool to be subjected to secondary cooling, the water subjected to the secondary cooling is pumped back to the pool to be cooled to be aerated to increase oxygen, and the backwater is formed.

[0013] Preferably, the backwater in the standby pool is subjected to tempering treatment by a heat exchange pipeline, and the tempered backwater is adapted to the temperature of the pool water in the main aquaculture pool; and the tempered backwater is subjected to sampling inspection.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following advantages: The pool water in the main aquaculture pond is filtered, pre-oxidized, microwave sterilized and cooled and oxygenated, so as to realize the replacement and sterilization of the pool water, the non-thermal effect of the microwave is used for sterilizing the pool water, the sterilization effect on turbid pool water is good, and there is no drug by-product; meanwhile, the water in the fish pond, the shrimp pond and the crab pond can be replaced at the same time, and the water replacement efficiency can be greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The flow chart for aquaculture sterilization.

[0016] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the microwave mechanism.

[0017] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the microwave mechanism.

[0018] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the ammonia nitrogen degradation box.

[0019] In the figure: aquaculture pond 100, filtering mechanism 200, primary filter screen 210, secondary screen 220, sedimentation tank 230, pre-oxidation tank 300, agitator 310, slow flow part 400, microwave mechanism 500, microwave shell 510, microwave emission source 520, microwave diffuser 530, vortex generator 540, ammonia nitrogen degradation box 600, activated carbon-zeolite composite adsorption layer 610, cooling pond 700, water curtain slow flow box 710, underground cooling pond 720, standby water pond 800, sampling device 810. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions of the present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0021] It should be understood that the same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments correspond to the same or similar parts. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top" and "bottom" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for exemplary illustration, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present patent, for those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances. Embodiment 1

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4A sterilization method using microwave electromagnetic waves in aquaculture, comprising S1: extracting the pool water in the main aquaculture pond 100, filtering the pool water to form a water; in a large aquaculture base, there are fish ponds, shrimp ponds, crab ponds, etc., and various types of breeding ponds are separated. Grass carp and carp are bred in the fish pond, the suitable temperature of the fish pond is 24-28℃, the suitable temperature of the shrimp pond is 28-32℃, and the suitable temperature of the crab pond is 20-25℃. The pool water in each breeding pond is filtered, the breeding gate is opened, the dry leaves, floating debris and fecal debris at the bottom of the breeding pond are extracted by the water pump, and the dry leaves, floating debris and fecal debris are filtered. The filtered water is a water.

[0023] S2: pre-oxidizing the water to form a second water; the pre-oxidation treatment adds an oxidizing agent to the water to prepare for microwave sterilization. S3: the second water enters the microwave mechanism 500, which has an array of microwave emission sources 520. The microwave is used to sterilize the second water and form a third water with a temperature of 30°-45°. Since the pool water is in a low-temperature state, the temperature is limited, so the non-thermal effect of the microwave is mainly used for sterilization. The non-thermal effect specifically refers to the direct interference of the microwave electric field with the bacterial cell membrane potential and DNA / RNA structure, resulting in changes in cell permeability and metabolic disorders. It mainly kills vibrio, escherichia coli and aeromonas in water. Escherichia coli has heat-sensitive characteristics, but after the non-thermal effect of the microwave is used instead of the thermal effect of the microwave, the cell structure of escherichia coli is easily damaged by the microwave electric field, and the non-thermal effect at low temperature can still significantly reduce its activity. Vibrio and aeromonas are moderately heat-sensitive and can be killed in a low-temperature environment under long-term microwave interference. At the same time, since the second water has been pre-oxidized, the microwave catalyzes the production of active oxygen free radicals during the microwave action, improving the sterilization efficiency. After killing the vibrio, escherichia coli and aeromonas in the first water, the third water is formed. S4: the third water enters the cooling pond 700 for cooling and aeration to increase oxygen, forming a return water. Although the water has been subjected to non-thermal microwave sterilization, the temperature of the water is still heated by the microwave mechanism 500 to 30°-45°, i.e. the temperature of the third water is 30°-45°, which is higher than the temperature of the water in the main aquaculture pond 100. Therefore, the third water needs to be cooled to a temperature close to that of the water in the main aquaculture pond 100 to facilitate the addition of water to the main aquaculture pond 100. At the same time, the third water is aerated to increase the oxygen content of the water.

[0024] S5: the backwater enters the standby pool 800 matched with the main aquaculture pool 100, and is subjected to temperature adjustment treatment, and the backwater after temperature adjustment is introduced into the main aquaculture pool 100. Since the main aquaculture pool 100 includes fish pools, shrimp pools, crab pools and the like, the water temperatures of different aquaculture pools are different, even if the water temperature of the cooling pool 700 is close to the water temperature of the main aquaculture pool 100, there is still a small temperature difference, such as a temperature difference of 3-8℃, therefore, the backwater of the cooling pool 700 needs to be pumped out to the standby pool 800 matched with the main aquaculture pool 100, and subjected to temperature adjustment treatment, such as heat exchange treatment, the backwater after temperature adjustment is very close to the water temperature in the main aquaculture pool 100, which is beneficial to the survival of various aquatic products.

[0025] By filtering-predoxidation-microwave sterilization-cooling and oxygenation of the pool water in the main aquaculture pool 100, the pool water is replaced and sterilized, and the non-thermal effect of the microwave is used for sterilization treatment of the pool water, which has good sterilization effect on turbid pool water, and the content of drug byproducts is trace amount; at the same time, the water in the fish pool, shrimp pool and crab pool can be replaced at the same time, which can greatly improve the water replacement efficiency.

[0026] As preferred, the filter mechanism 200 is arranged to filter the pool water, the filter mechanism 200 includes a first filter screen 210, a second filter screen 220 and a sedimentation pool 230, the aperture of the first filter screen 210 is 1-2cm, the aperture of the first filter screen 210 is large, mainly filtering dry leaves, branches, waterweeds and the like, the aperture of the second filter screen 220 is 0.1-0.2cm, the aperture of the second filter screen 220 is large, mainly filtering feces of fish, shrimp and crab, and the sedimentation pool 230 is used for sedimentation filtration, the sedimentation time is 15-30min, the sedimentation pool 230 mainly deposits small feces and clay, after sedimentation in the sedimentation pool 230, the water in the upper layer of the sedimentation pool 230 is water, and the water in the lower layer is mud. By filtering the pool water, 1) the impurities in the pool water can be reduced, preventing the microwave mechanism 500 from being blocked; 2) the impurities in the pool water can be reduced, reducing the turbidity of the water, which is beneficial to subsequent microwave sterilization. At the same time, the dry leaves, feces and the like filtered out can be used for farmland and orchard fertilization.

[0027] Further, the pre-oxidation treatment is performed in the pre-oxidation tank 300, including: introducing water into the pre-oxidation tank 300, and adding H202 or ozone; wherein: the amount of H202 added is 40-80 g / ton of water, or the amount of ozone added is 3-6 g / ton of water; and forming di-water. The mechanism of action of H202 is that H2O2 is decomposed under microwave radiation: 2·OH ions are generated under the action of microwave catalysis, and the oxidation potential of ·OH ions is as high as 2.8 V, which can selectively degrade organic matter and destroy microbial cell membranes; at the same time, ozone is decomposed under the action of microwave and catalyst, and O3+H2O is decomposed under the action of microwave and catalyst to generate ·OH+O2, which can also degrade organic matter and destroy microbial cell membranes. Further, the pre-oxidation treatment of the water is beneficial to improve the microwave sterilization efficiency. At the same time, the pre-oxidation tank is provided with a stirrer 310, which is used to stir the water and the oxidizing agent in the pre-oxidation tank 300, so that they are uniformly mixed, further improving the microwave sterilization efficiency.

[0028] Specifically, if the position of the sedimentation tank 230 is higher than the position of the pre-oxidation tank 300, the water can enter the pre-oxidation tank 300 by water flow, and if the position of the sedimentation tank 230 is lower than or level with the position of the pre-oxidation tank 300, the water can be pumped into the pre-oxidation tank 300 by a centrifugal pump.

[0029] It should be noted that since the pool water adopts a circulation mode, if the amount of H202 or ozone is excessive, such as H202>100 g / ton of water or ozone>8 g / ton of water, it will cause a toxic risk to fish; therefore, H202 or ozone is added in a quantitative manner, and the interval period is 10-15 days.

[0030] Specifically, H202 and ozone are added in a synergistic manner, wherein the molar ratio of H202 to O3 is 0.5:1-1.5:1. For example, 6 g of H2O2 and 4 g of O3 are added per ton of water, and the synergistic addition manner can increase the yield of ·OH ions by 30%-50%, and reduce the residue of single medicament, avoiding by-products such as bromate.

[0031] Further, if the flow rate of the water is too fast, the microwave sterilization mechanism cannot penetrate the water level, resulting in a decrease in sterilization efficiency. Therefore, the microwave mechanism 500 is provided with a slow-flow part 400 at one end, and the di-water enters the slow-flow part 400 to limit the flow speed of the di-water, and the di-water enters the microwave mechanism 500 in a slow-flow state, so that the microwave emission source 520 can penetrate the water level and improve the sterilization efficiency.

[0032] Specifically, the slow flow part 400 includes a buffer tank, a tapered pipe and a long pipe. The water pump pumps the water into the buffer tank. The outlet of the buffer tank is connected with the tapered pipe. The tapered pipe is connected with the long pipe. The long pipe is connected with the microwave mechanism 500. The water enters the buffer tank, which has the function of buffering water flow and absorbing the water pump pulse. The water flows out of the buffer tank and enters the tapered pipe. The tapered pipe can gradually reduce the cross-sectional area of the water flow and stabilize the flow velocity distribution. The water in the tapered pipe enters the long pipe. Generally, the length of the long pipe is 20-30 meters. The long pipe is horizontally placed. The long enough straight pipe can eliminate the disturbance of the inlet to the water flow.

[0033] Specifically, the long pipe is arranged with a plurality of perforated plates. The perforated plates have the function of dividing large eddy flow into small micro flow, realizing slow flow transition.

[0034] Specifically, the long pipe is provided with a valve.

[0035] Further, the microwave mechanism 500 includes: the water is introduced into the microwave resonant cavity of the microwave mechanism 500 at a flow rate of 5-10 L / min. The microwave resonant cavity is provided with 8-12 groups of 2450MHz±50MHz microwave emission sources 520. The water enters the microwave resonant cavity in a slow flow state. Because the water flow rate is slow, the microwave emission sources 520 can penetrate the water level. Through the non-thermal effect of microwave, the vibrio, escherichia coli and aeromonas in the water can be killed. Specifically, the microwave emission sources 520 are distributed on both sides of the microwave resonant cavity. The microwave emission sources 520 on both sides emit microwaves in turn and staggered. The microwaves continuously and alternately penetrate the liquid level, improving the sterilization efficiency. In addition, the microwave resonant cavity is provided with a microwave diffuser 530 at the top. The tapered microwave diffuser is used to optimize the distribution of the microwave field and realize uniform radiation of electromagnetic wave energy in the water body. The microwave diffuser 530 is an existing device, such as Madel DCN series tapered diffuser. The microwave shell 510 is provided with a vortex generator 540 at the bottom. The vortex generator 540 induces a spiral flow state, prolongs the residence time of the water body in the microwave field, and enhances the cavitation effect, which cooperates to destroy the bacterial cell wall. The vortex generator 540 is an existing device, such as a triangular plow vortex generator. The microwave diffuser 530 and the vortex generator 540 are cooperatively arranged to make the water body form a spiral flow state, thereby prolonging the residence time of microorganisms in the microwave field, and further improving the sterilization efficiency.

[0036] Specifically, when the microwave resonance cavity is filled with water, the valve on the long tube is closed, the water supply is stopped, the microwave emission source 520 is started, the microwave emission source 520 emits microwave electromagnetic waves, and the water body is continuously impacted for 3-5 minutes. The microwave emission source 520 is turned off, the water is discharged from the microwave resonance cavity, and the water is collected again in the microwave resonance cavity for impact sterilization until all the filtered water is sterilized.

[0037] As a further description, the water flowing out of the microwave mechanism 500 is subjected to ammonia nitrogen degradation, degradation by activated carbon-zeolite composite adsorption, and formation of three water. Through the activated carbon-zeolite composite adsorption method, the ammonia nitrogen content in the water is reduced to below 0.02 mg / L, and the water quality is improved by degrading ammonia nitrogen.

[0038] Specifically, the other side of the microwave mechanism 500 is provided with a degradation box, and the degradation box is provided with an activated carbon-zeolite composite adsorption layer 610. The water enters the water inlet of the degradation box, passes through the activated carbon-zeolite composite adsorption layer 610, and then flows out of the water outlet of the degradation box.

[0039] Further, the three water is subjected to a first cooling by falling through a water curtain. The water falling through the water curtain enters the underground cooling pool 720 for a second cooling. The water cooled for the second time is pumped back to the cooling pool 700 for aeration and oxygenation, and forms backwater. Since the temperature of the three water is 30-45°, the three water falls through the water curtain to increase the contact area between the water and the air, thereby achieving rapid cooling of the water. Meanwhile, the three water enters the underground cooling pool 720, which is located 3 meters below the ground, and the underground temperature is low, which can achieve rapid heat conduction of the water and reduce the temperature of the water. When the water temperature is reduced, the water is pumped from the underground cooling pool 720 to the cooling pool 700 located on the ground, and the water quality is improved by aeration and oxygenation, which is more conducive to the survival of aquatic products.

[0040] Specifically, the underground cooling pool 720 is provided with a water curtain flow slowing chamber above it, and the water curtain flow slowing chamber is located above the ground. The bottom of the water curtain flow slowing chamber is provided with a plurality of flow slowing ports in a narrow shape. The three water enters the water curtain flow slowing chamber and flows out of the flow slowing ports to form a water curtain. The water curtain can increase the contact area between the water and the air and improve the heat dissipation efficiency. The water falling through the water curtain enters the underground cooling pool 720 below.

[0041] Specifically, the water flowing out of the ammonia nitrogen degradation box 600 is pumped into the water curtain flow slowing box 710.

[0042] Further, the water in the pool to be cooled 700 is pumped into the standby pool 800, the backwater in the standby pool 800 is tempered by the heat exchange pipeline, and the tempered backwater is adapted to the temperature of the pool water in the main aquaculture pool 100; the water in the standby pool 800 is heat-exchanged, for example, the temperature of the water in the pool to be cooled 700 is 25-27℃, if water needs to be supplied to the fish pool, since the suitable temperature of the fish pool is 24-28℃, therefore, the water temperature in the pool to be cooled 700 does not need to be tempered; if water needs to be supplied to the shrimp pool, since the suitable temperature of the fish pool is 28-32℃, therefore, the water needs to be heated by the heat exchange pipeline, so that the temperature of the water rises and approaches 28-32℃; if water needs to be supplied to the crab pool, since the suitable temperature of the crab pool is 20-25℃, the water needs to be cooled by the heat exchange pipeline, so that the temperature of the water drops and approaches 20-25℃, Further, the standby pool 800 is provided with an inspection sampler 810, the tempered backwater needs to be periodically inspected to obtain the killing rate of various bacteria in the backwater (water after sterilization), and the detection of vibrio, escherichia coli and aeromonas can be realized by the existing inspection sampler 810.

[0043] Comparison of sterilization efficiency Mode of disinfection % Kill rate of E. coli % Kill rate of Vibrio Aeromonas With or without drug by-products (trihalomethane) Chemical chlorine disinfection 99.21 85.74 88.56 Yes UV disinfection 96.52 79.83 77.48 No Microwave disinfection 99.39 87.12 89.68 No Pre-oxidation + slow flow microwave disinfection 99.98 93.15 91.26 No As shown in the above table, the chemical chlorine sterilization device has good sterilization effect on killing rates of escherichia coli, vibrio and aeromonas, but has drug side products; the ultraviolet sterilization device has lower sterilization rate compared with the chemical chlorine sterilization device due to turbid water quality; the microwave sterilization device has good sterilization effect on killing rates of escherichia coli, vibrio and aeromonas, and has no drug side products; the pre-oxidation + slow-flow microwave sterilization device has higher sterilization rate than the chemical chlorine sterilization device, the ultraviolet sterilization device and the single microwave sterilization device, has high sterilization rate, and has no drug side products.

[0044] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present application are only examples for clearly illustrating the present application, and are not intended to limit the implementation modes of the present application. Based on the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Here, all the implementation modes are not required or can not be exhausted. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A sterilization method using microwave electromagnetic waves for aquaculture, characterized in that, include S1: Extract water from the main aquaculture pond, filter the water to form a water source; S2: Pre-oxidizes monohydrate to form dihydrate; S3: The dihydrate enters the microwave mechanism, which has an array of microwave emission sources. The microwaves are used to sterilize the dihydrate and form a trihydrate with a temperature of 30°-45°. S4: The three waters enter the cooling tank for cooling and aeration to form return water; S5: The return water enters the backup water tank that is matched with the main aquaculture tank, and is subjected to temperature adjustment. The temperature-adjusted return water is then introduced into the main aquaculture tank.

2. The sterilization method using microwave electromagnetic waves in aquaculture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration of the pool water includes primary filter screen filtration, secondary screen filtration and sedimentation filtration. The pore size of the primary filter screen is 1-2 cm, the pore size of the secondary screen screen is 0.1-0.2 cm, and sedimentation filtration is carried out in a sedimentation tank. The water in the upper layer of the sedimentation tank is primary water.

3. The sterilization method using microwave electromagnetic waves in aquaculture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Pre-oxidation treatment is carried out in the pre-oxidation tank, including: diverting water into the pre-oxidation tank and adding H2O2 or ozone; wherein: the amount of H2O2 added is 40-80g / ton of water, or the amount of ozone added is 3-6g / ton of water; and forming dihydrate.

4. The sterilization method using microwave electromagnetic waves in aquaculture as described in claim 3, characterized in that, H2O2 and ozone are added in a synergistic manner, wherein the molar ratio of H2O2 to O3 is 0.5:1 to 1.5:

1.

5. A sterilization method using microwave electromagnetic waves in aquaculture as described in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, One end of the microwave mechanism is provided with a slow-flow section. Two waters enter the slow-flow section, which restricts the flow speed of the two waters, so that the two waters enter the microwave mechanism in a slow-flow state.

6. The sterilization method using microwave electromagnetic waves in aquaculture as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The microwave mechanism includes: introducing water into the microwave resonant cavity of the microwave mechanism at a flow rate of 5-10 L / min; setting 8-12 sets of 2450MHz±50MHz microwave emission sources in the microwave resonant cavity; setting a microwave diffuser at the top of the microwave resonant cavity and setting a vortex generator at the bottom of the microwave resonant cavity to make the water form a spiral flow state.

7. A sterilization method using microwave electromagnetic waves in aquaculture as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The water flowing out from the microwave mechanism undergoes ammonia nitrogen degradation through activated carbon-zeolite composite adsorption and degradation, forming trihydrate.

8. A sterilization method using microwave electromagnetic waves in aquaculture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water is cooled once by a water curtain falling down. The water from the water curtain falls into the underground cooling pool for secondary cooling. The water after secondary cooling is pumped back to the cooling pool for aeration and oxygenation, and then becomes return water.

9. A sterilization method using microwave electromagnetic waves in aquaculture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The return water in the backup water tank is temperature-controlled through heat exchange pipes to match the temperature of the water in the main aquaculture tank; and the temperature-controlled return water is sampled and tested.

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