Insulating water-blocking adhesive tape, double-glass photovoltaic module and preparation method of double-glass photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention provides an insulating water-blocking adhesive tape, a double-glass photovoltaic module and a preparation method of the double-glass photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation. The insulating water-blocking adhesive tape comprises a base material layer, an inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and an outer insulating protective layer, and the thickness of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 80-120 microns. The insulating water-blocking adhesive tape provided by the invention has good insulating water-blocking performance, and the insulating water-blocking adhesive tape with a three-layer structure is adhered to the periphery of a double-glass assembly laminated piece, so that firm adhesion of the adhesive tape and the laminated piece can be realized, the insulating performance and the water-blocking capability of the assembly are improved, the distance from an electrified body to the edge of glass is shortened on the premise of ensuring the safety standard, and the service life of the assembly is prolonged. Therefore, the photovoltaic double-glass assembly can adapt to a battery piece with a larger size, and the assembly power and the assembly efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to an insulating water-blocking tape, a double-glass photovoltaic module, and a method for preparing the same. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the photovoltaic industry has experienced rapid development. Double-glass modules, with their advantages of bifacial power generation, long lifespan, and good resistance to PID (potential-induced degradation), have seen a continuous increase in market share, and the global double-glass module market continues its high-speed growth trend. As the scale of photovoltaic power plant construction continues to expand, higher requirements are being placed on the power generation efficiency, safety, and reliability of double-glass modules. Especially with the trend of continuously increasing cell size, from 166mm and 182mm to 183.75mm and even larger, how to optimize the internal structure of the module and improve space utilization while ensuring electrical safety has become a key issue that the industry urgently needs to address. Currently, there are two main problems in solving these issues: first, insufficient frame sealing and waterproofing performance; and second, creepage distance limiting module design. Traditional photovoltaic double-glass modules typically use silicone to directly bond the laminate to the frame to achieve sealing and waterproofing. However, silicone is prone to aging and cracking under long-term outdoor environments (such as ultraviolet radiation, drastic temperature changes, and high humidity), leading to sealing failure. Furthermore, existing sealing structures are simplistic, and a single silicone sealant method cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of high insulation and strong waterproofing. When faced with complex environments (such as salt spray corrosion in coastal areas and strong ultraviolet radiation in high-altitude areas), the sealing performance deteriorates more significantly. On the other hand, according to the International Electrotechnical Commission standard IEC 61730 "Safety Qualification of Photovoltaic Modules," to ensure the electrical safety of modules under high voltage, sufficient creepage distance must be guaranteed between the cells and the glass. The creepage distance requirement for conventional modules is typically ≥10.4mm. With the continuous increase in cell size, maintaining the traditional creepage distance requirement would result in excessively large module designs, increasing material costs and transportation difficulties. It would also limit the number of cells that can be arranged per unit area, reducing the module's power generation efficiency. For example, to accommodate 183.75mm cells, the module width would need to reach over 1140mm, making it difficult to maintain consistency with standardized designs.

[0003] Currently, the industry has made some attempts to address the above problems, such as developing new silicone materials and optimizing sealing structures, but there are still obvious limitations. For example, although some new silicone materials have improved weather resistance, they still cannot fundamentally solve the aging problem; some improved sealing structures have improved waterproof performance to a certain extent, but they have also increased the manufacturing cost and process difficulty of the modules, and have not effectively resolved the contradiction between creepage distance and cell compatibility. Therefore, a completely new solution is urgently needed to achieve a comprehensive performance improvement of photovoltaic double-glass modules in terms of insulation, waterproofing, cell compatibility, and production efficiency. Existing technology CN109294475A discloses a water-blocking tape for photovoltaic module frames, including a substrate layer, an adhesive layer, and a release material layer. The adhesive layer is prepared using a water-blocking adhesive for photovoltaic module frames. By weight, the water-blocking adhesive for photovoltaic module frames includes the following components: 100 parts of master resin, 0.1-10 parts of curing agent, 1-5 parts of antioxidant, and 0-5 parts of ultraviolet absorber. The existing technology provides a water-blocking tape for photovoltaic module frames that has certain adhesive properties, but it only improves the adhesive properties of the tape in one aspect. It does not provide a solution for how to solve the contradiction between creepage distance and cell compatibility while sealing, which is required for the insulation performance of photovoltaic double-glass modules. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the shortcomings of current adhesive tapes used in photovoltaic double-glass modules, which often fail to meet insulation and waterproofing requirements and cannot effectively resolve the conflict between creepage distance and cell compatibility. It provides an insulating and water-blocking tape with excellent insulation and water-blocking properties. While improving the insulation performance and water-blocking capability of photovoltaic double-glass modules, it also reduces the distance from charged parts to the glass edge while ensuring safety standards. This allows the modules to accommodate larger cells, improving module power and efficiency.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic double-glass module.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a photovoltaic double-glass module.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an insulating water-blocking tape, comprising a substrate layer, an inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and an outer insulating protective layer, wherein the thickness of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 80~120μm.

[0008] According to the present invention, the thickness of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is preferably 100~120μm.

[0009] According to the insulating and water-blocking tape provided by the present invention, preferably, the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is prepared using a modified silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive, which, by weight, is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components: 100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber with a vinyl content of 0.1-0.5 mol%, 5-10 parts of nano silica, and 1-3 parts of silane coupling agent.

[0010] According to the present invention, the outer insulating protective layer has a thickness of 300~400μm.

[0011] According to the present invention, the outer protective layer of the insulating and water-blocking tape is preferably a PET film coated with fluorinated acrylate.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention also provides a photovoltaic double-glass module, including a laminate, a frame and the insulating water-blocking tape, wherein the insulating water-blocking tape is bonded to the periphery of the laminate.

[0013] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic double-glass module, comprising the following steps: S1. Tape pre-bonding: The inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the insulating water-blocking tape is bonded to the four edges of the laminate of the photovoltaic double glass module, so that the peel strength between the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the laminate is ≥2N / cm. S2. High-temperature curing: The laminated parts with the tape pre-bonded in S1 are cured at high temperature until the peel strength between the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the laminated parts is ≥2N / cm, and the retention rate is ≥90% after aging at 150℃ for 1000h, thus obtaining a laminated part with insulating and water-blocking tape bonded on it. S3. Frame assembly: Install the frame around the outer periphery of the laminate with the insulating and water-blocking tape to complete the module assembly and obtain the photovoltaic double glass module.

[0014] According to the method for preparing a photovoltaic double-glass module provided by the present invention, preferably, the pressure of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the insulating water-blocking tape in S1 being bonded to the edge of the laminate of the photovoltaic double-glass module is 0.8~1.2MPa, and the bonding temperature is 80~100℃.

[0015] According to the method for preparing a photovoltaic double-glass module provided by the present invention, preferably, the high-temperature curing temperature in S2 is 210~230℃ and the high-temperature curing time is 3~5min.

[0016] According to the method for preparing a photovoltaic double-glass module provided by the present invention, preferably, the frame groove in step S3 is coated with silicone for photovoltaic modules, and after framing, the module assembly is completed by curing at room temperature.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The insulating and water-blocking tape provided by this invention has excellent insulating and water-blocking properties. By bonding the three-layer insulating and water-blocking tape around the perimeter of the double-glass module laminate, a strong bond can be achieved between the tape and the laminate, improving the module's insulation performance and water-blocking capability. Under the premise of ensuring safety standards, the distance from the charged body to the glass edge can be reduced from no less than 10.4 mm to no less than 4 mm, enabling the photovoltaic double-glass module to accommodate larger-sized solar cells. It can maintain the same module width while being compatible with 183.75 mm large-sized solar cells, thereby improving module power and module efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layer structure of the insulating and water-blocking tape of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the edge sealing structure of a photovoltaic double-glass module.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram for calculating creepage distance.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the component. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, the present invention provides an insulating water-blocking tape, comprising a substrate layer, an inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and an outer insulating protective layer, wherein the thickness of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 80~120μm.

[0025] The insulating and water-blocking tape of the present invention has a three-layer structure, with the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having a thickness of 80~120μm. Increasing the thickness of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can significantly extend the water penetration path, thereby improving its insulating and water-blocking effect.

[0026] The thickness of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the insulating water-blocking tape of the present invention is 80~120μm, for example, it can be a point value of 80μm, 90μm, 100μm, 110μm or 120μm or any range of values, preferably 100~120μm.

[0027] In this invention, the thickness of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is greater than that of conventional pressure-sensitive adhesive layers in the art. By setting the structure and thickness of each layer, the water-blocking and insulating effect of the insulating water-blocking tape can be significantly improved.

[0028] To further improve the adhesive-peel strength of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, in some specific embodiments, the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is preferably prepared using a modified silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive, which, by weight, is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components: 100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber with a vinyl content of 0.1-0.5 mol%, 5-10 parts of nano silica, and 1-3 parts of silane coupling agent.

[0029] In the high-temperature curing process of insulating water-blocking tape applied to the assembly of double-glass photovoltaic modules, the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer prepared by modified organosilicon pressure-sensitive adhesive reacts chemically with the hydroxyl groups on the glass surface to form Si-O-Si chemical bonds, achieving high-strength adhesion to the laminate of the double-glass photovoltaic module. The initial peel strength is ≥5N / cm, and it can maintain a retention rate of ≥90% after aging at 150℃ for 1000h. It has good bonding strength and weather resistance, solving the problem of aging failure of existing sealants.

[0030] In the modified silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive material for preparing the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer mentioned above, the mass fraction of nano-silica is also extremely crucial. Within the scope of protection of this invention, increasing the mass fraction of nano-silica can improve the tensile strength of the adhesive layer, maintaining the elongation at break above 300%, meeting the mechanical requirements of the tape under bending and vibration at the edge of the laminate, and effectively improving the strength performance of the adhesive layer after heat aging at 150°C, with a strength retention rate of up to 92%. Exceeding the upper limit of 10 parts will not be beneficial to the improvement of overall performance and will affect the elongation at break, reducing it to below 150%.

[0031] In some specific embodiments, the thickness of the outer insulating protective layer is 300~400μm. For example, it can be a point value of 300μm, 320μm, 330μm, 350μm or 400μm or any range of values.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the outer protective layer material of the present invention may be selected as PET film.

[0033] Choosing an outer insulating protective layer with a thickness of 300~400μm can enhance the adhesion to silicone, making it easier for the insulating water-blocking adhesive to fit tightly with the frame of the photovoltaic double-glass module, achieving a better sealing effect.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, the outer protective layer is preferably a PET film coated with fluorinated acrylate.

[0035] The fluorinated acrylate weather-resistant coating utilizes the high bond energy of fluorocarbon bonds (CF) to effectively resist more than 99% of ultraviolet light (300-400nm) and prevent PET film from yellowing and becoming brittle.

[0036] The insulating and water-blocking tape mentioned in this invention can be selected to be 15mm or thicker.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the present invention also provides a photovoltaic double-glass module, including a laminate, a frame and the insulating water-blocking tape, wherein the insulating water-blocking tape is adhered to the periphery of the laminate.

[0038] By bonding insulating and water-blocking tape around the perimeter of the double-glass module laminate, a strong bond can be achieved between the tape and the laminate, while also providing insulation. This insulating and water-blocking tape allows the module to accommodate solar cells with a width of 183.75mm within a module panel width of 1134mm. At the same time, the spacing between solar cell strings can be flexibly adjusted between 1.4 and 2.5mm. Compared with traditional modules, this increases the proportion of solar cell area and the installed capacity.

[0039] By applying a three-layer insulating water-blocking tape with a tape width of 15mm, assuming the distance from the charged body in the laminate to the glass edge is 4mm, the creepage distance after using the insulating water-blocking tape is 4 + 15 / 2 = 11.5mm, which meets the requirement of greater than or equal to 10.4mm. Therefore, the distance from the charged body to the glass edge can be in the range of 4~11.9mm. If the distance is 11.9mm, adding the length of the insulating water-blocking tape (15 / 2 = 7.5mm), it becomes 19.4mm. This type of component can be used and installed in high-altitude environments without increasing the component size, thus meeting the creepage distance requirements.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic double-glass module, comprising the following steps: S1. Tape pre-bonding: The inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the insulating water-blocking tape according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is bonded to the four edges of the laminate of the photovoltaic double glass module, so as to achieve a peel strength between the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the laminate ≥ 2 N / cm; S2. High-temperature curing: The laminated parts with the tape pre-bonded in S1 are cured at high temperature until the peel strength between the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the laminated parts is ≥2N / cm, and the retention rate is ≥90% after aging at 150℃ for 1000h, thus obtaining a laminated part with insulating and water-blocking tape bonded on it. S3. Frame assembly: Install the frame around the outer periphery of the laminate with the insulating and water-blocking tape to complete the module assembly and obtain the photovoltaic double glass module.

[0041] In practical applications, the base layer of the insulating and water-blocking tape needs to be removed before it is bonded to the laminate of the photovoltaic double-glass module.

[0042] In some specific embodiments, to further improve the peel strength between the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the laminate, the pressure at which the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the insulating water-blocking tape is bonded to the edge of the laminate of the photovoltaic double-glass module in S1 is 0.8~1.2MPa, and the bonding temperature is 80~100℃. For example, the pressure at which the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the insulating water-blocking tape is bonded to the edge of the laminate of the photovoltaic double-glass module can be a point value of 0.8MPa, 0.9MPa, 1.0MPa, 1.1MPa, or 1.2MPa, or any range thereof, and the bonding temperature can be a point value of 80℃, 85℃, 90℃, 95℃, or 100℃, or any range thereof.

[0043] In the pre-bonding step S1 of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the laminate, it is preferable to use a visual recognition system to calibrate the tape position in real time with an accuracy of ±0.2mm to avoid insufficient distance between the charged body and the glass edge due to offset.

[0044] In practice, on the edge of the component laminate that has just come out of the laminator, an automatic rolling device is used to apply adhesive tape with a pressure of 0.8~1.2MPa, the tape width is more than 15mm, and the roller linear speed is 1~3m / min to ensure that the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is initially bonded to the glass (peel strength ≥2N / cm).

[0045] In some specific implementations, to achieve better peel strength and high-temperature aging peel strength retention between the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the laminate, and to ensure that the photovoltaic double-glass module can withstand the challenges of long-term outdoor aging conditions in practical applications, the high-temperature curing temperature in S2 is 210~230℃, and the high-temperature curing time is 3~5min. For example, the high-temperature curing temperature in S2 can be a point value such as 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, or any range thereof, and the high-temperature curing time can be a point value such as 3min, 4min, 5min, or any range thereof.

[0046] In practice, the laminated parts are placed in the high-temperature curing zone of the heating equipment for 3 to 5 minutes to improve the bonding force between the silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive and the glass surface, and then placed in the cooling zone for 3 to 5 minutes.

[0047] The frame assembly can be done using conventional processes. A silicone-coated frame, such as an aluminum frame, is installed around the component that has been bonded with insulating and water-blocking tape. Part of the silicone is bonded to the insulating and water-blocking tape, and part is bonded to the laminate.

[0048] In some specific embodiments, the frame assembly operation provided by the present invention requires coating the frame groove with silicone for photovoltaic modules, ensuring that the frame and silicone are completely covered by tape, and curing at room temperature (1 hour) to complete the module assembly.

[0049] Silicone for photovoltaic modules is applied to the grooves in the frame. This silicone fills the gaps between the laminate and the frame, forming a continuous waterproof barrier that prevents moisture, dust, salt spray, and other contaminants from penetrating the module. The silicone also firmly bonds the laminate to the frame, allowing it to withstand vibrations and impacts during transportation and installation.

[0050] Example 1 An insulating and water-blocking tape, such as Figure 1 The structure shown includes a substrate layer 1, an inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 2, and an outer protective layer 3, wherein the thickness of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 100 μm. The inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is made of modified silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive, which, by weight, is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components: 100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber with a vinyl content of 0.3 mol%, 8 parts of nano silica, and 2 parts of silane coupling agent; The outer protective layer is 300μm thick, and the outer insulating protective layer is a PET film coated with fluorinated acrylate. Utilizing the high bond energy characteristics of fluorocarbon bonds (C-F), it can effectively resist more than 99% of ultraviolet light (300-400nm) and prevent the film from yellowing and becoming brittle.

[0051] Example 2 An insulating and water-blocking tape, such as Figure 1 The structure shown includes a substrate layer 1, an inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 2, and an outer protective layer 3, wherein the thickness of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 120 μm. The inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is made of modified silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive, which, by weight, is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components: 100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber with a vinyl content of 0.2 mol%, 6 parts of nano silica, and 3 parts of silane coupling agent; The outer protective layer is 350μm thick and is a PET film coated with fluorinated acrylate. It utilizes the high bond energy of fluorocarbon bonds (CF) to effectively resist more than 99% of ultraviolet light (300-400nm) and prevent the film from yellowing and becoming brittle.

[0052] Example 3 An insulating and water-blocking tape, such as Figure 1 The structure shown includes a substrate layer 1, an inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 2, and an outer protective layer 3, wherein the thickness of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 80 μm. The inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is made of modified silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive, which, by weight, is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components: 100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber with a vinyl content of 0.1 mol%, 5 parts of nano silica, and 1 part of silane coupling agent; The outer protective layer is 400μm thick and is a PET film coated with fluorinated acrylate. It utilizes the high bond energy of fluorocarbon bonds (CF) to effectively resist more than 99% of ultraviolet light (300-400nm) and prevent the film from yellowing and becoming brittle.

[0053] Example 4 A photovoltaic double-glass module includes a laminate, a frame, and an insulating and water-blocking tape as described in Example 1, wherein the insulating and water-blocking tape is adhered to the perimeter of the laminate.

[0054] This embodiment also specifically provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic double-glass module, including the following steps: S1. Tape pre-application: At the edge of the photovoltaic double-glass module laminate that has just come out of the laminator, an automatic rolling device applies adhesive tape with a pressure of 1.0MPa, a tape width of more than 15mm, and a roller linear speed of 2m / min to ensure that the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is initially bonded to the glass (peel strength ≥2N / cm). The position of the tape is calibrated in real time by a visual recognition system with an accuracy of ±0.2mm to avoid insufficient distance between the charged body and the glass edge due to misalignment. S2. High-temperature curing: The photovoltaic double-glass module laminate is placed in the heating equipment and kept in the curing zone at 220±10℃ for 4 minutes to improve the bonding force between the silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive and the glass surface. Then it is placed in the cooling zone for 4 minutes.

[0055] S3. Quick frame assembly: Using conventional processes, an aluminum frame coated with silicone is installed around the perimeter of the module, which is bonded with insulating and water-blocking tape. Part of the silicone is bonded to the insulating and water-blocking tape, and another part is bonded to the laminate. A cross-sectional view of the edge sealing structure of the photovoltaic double-glass module is shown below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0056] The photovoltaic double-glass module structure provided in this embodiment can achieve optimized creepage distance design: Breakthrough in creepage distance between charged components and glass edge: By applying a three-layer insulating water-blocking tape with a width of 15mm, assuming the distance from the charged component in the laminate to the glass edge is 4mm, 4 + 15 / 2 = 11.5mm, which meets the requirement of a creepage distance greater than 10.4mm in the International Electrotechnical Commission standard IEC61730 "Safety Assessment of Photovoltaic Modules". The creepage distance calculation diagram is shown below. Figure 3 As shown. Where 'a' represents the distance from the charged body to the glass edge before using the insulating tape (4~11.9mm). Because a photovoltaic double-glass module includes solar cells and glass layers on both sides of the cells, when the insulating water-blocking tape is bonded around the module, the increased distance from the charged body to the glass edge is equal to half the width of the insulating water-blocking tape. Figure 3 The sum of the two segments b is tape width / 2 = 15 / 2 = 7.5. The overall creepage distance d = a + b = 4 + 7.5 = 11.5.

[0057] Therefore, the distance from the charged body to the edge of the glass can be in the range of 4~11.9mm. If the distance is 11.9mm, plus the length of the insulating water-blocking tape of 15 / 2=7.5mm, it is 19.4mm. This type of component can be used and installed in high-altitude environments without increasing the component size, thus meeting the creepage distance requirements.

[0058] Furthermore, the photovoltaic double-glass module structure provided in this embodiment can also be adapted to large-size solar cells.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, a perfect fit was successfully achieved for 183.75mm wide solar cells. While maintaining the module width of 1134mm, compared to traditional designs (requiring a width of 1140mm or more), this effectively increased the cell area ratio by 0.8%, significantly improving power generation efficiency and power density. The calculations are as follows: (210*183.75*66-210*182.3*66) / 210*183.75*66*100%=0.8% Where 210 is the length of the entire solar cell, 66 is the number of cells in the entire solar cell, 183.75 is the width of the currently wider solar cells, and 182.3 is the current mainstream solar cell size in the industry.

[0060] Meanwhile, the spacing between battery strings can be flexibly adjusted from 1.4 to 2.5 mm, and the distance 'a' from the front charged component to the glass edge is within the range of 4 to 11.9 mm. After using insulating tape, the creepage distance requirements can be met. The specific calculations are as follows: The glass width is 1128mm, the solar cell width is 183.75mm, and assuming the string spacing is 1.4mm, the distance from the charged part of the solar cell to the long side of the glass is: 1128 - 183.75 * 6 - 1.4 * 5 = 18.5mm. Therefore, a = 18.5 / 2 = 9.25mm. Assuming the string spacing is 2.5mm, the distance from the battery charge to the long side of the glass is: 1128-183.75*6-2.5*5=13mm, a=13 / 2=6.5mm.

[0061] Comparative Example 1 An insulating and water-blocking tape, such as Figure 1 The structure shown includes a substrate layer 1, an inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 2, and an outer protective layer 3, wherein the thickness of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 150 μm, and the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is prepared using the modified silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive of Example 1. The inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is made of modified silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive, which, by weight, is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components: 100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber with a vinyl content of 0.6 mol%, 12 parts of nano silica, and 4 parts of silane coupling agent. The outer protective layer is 300μm thick, and the outer insulating protective layer is a PET film coated with fluorinated acrylate.

[0062] A photovoltaic double-glass module was prepared according to the photovoltaic double-glass module preparation method provided in Example 4, wherein the insulating water-blocking tape is the insulating water-blocking tape provided in Comparative Example 1.

[0063] Comparative Example 2 A method for preparing a photovoltaic double-glass module includes the following steps: A silicone-coated aluminum frame is installed around the component using conventional processes, and the silicone and laminate are bonded together.

[0064] Result detection The insulation, water-blocking, and anti-aging properties of the photovoltaic double-glass modules prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples were tested.

[0065] The detection method is as follows: (1) Insulation withstand voltage test: According to IEC 61215 standard, apply a DC voltage of 1000V+1500*2 to the component for 1 minute.

[0066] During the testing process, the photovoltaic double-glass module prepared in Example 4 of this invention showed no breakdown or flashover, and its insulation resistance reached 1.2 × 10¹. 5 Ω, far exceeding the standard requirement of ≥1000MΩ.

[0067] Referring to the preparation method of the photovoltaic double-glass module in Example 4, photovoltaic double-glass modules were prepared using the insulating water-blocking tapes from Examples 2 and 3, respectively. Insulation withstand voltage tests were then conducted, and the specific test results are as follows: The insulating water-blocking tape prepared in Example 2 resulted in a photovoltaic double-glass module with no breakdown and no flashover, exhibiting further enhanced insulation performance and an insulation resistance of 1.3 × 10⁻⁶. 15 Ω, superior to 1.2 × 10 in Example 1. 15 Ω; The insulating water-blocking tape used in Example 3 resulted in a photovoltaic double-glass module with no breakdown or flashover, while still meeting basic insulation requirements, with an insulation resistance of 1.25 × 10¹. 4 Ω.

[0068] The insulation resistance of the photovoltaic double-glass module prepared by the insulating water-blocking tape in Comparative Example 1 was reduced to 3×10⁻⁶. 9 The insulation strength is only Ω, barely reaching the lower limit of the standard, resulting in insufficient insulation strength and inability to withstand high voltage surges.

[0069] The photovoltaic double-glass module in Comparative Example 2 showed no breakdown or flashover. However, it still met the basic insulation requirements, with an insulation resistance of 1.23 × 10⁻⁶. 14 Ω.

[0070] (2) Pulse voltage test: Apply three positive 27KV impulse pulses to the photovoltaic double-glass module with a 1s interval and record the test data. Then reverse the pulse polarity to complete three reverse 27KV impulse pulse tests and monitor the module's operating status throughout the process.

[0071] Test results show that the photovoltaic double-glass module of Example 1 withstood the 27KV pulse voltage test, with a stable pulse waveform, a creepage distance maintained at 4.5mm, and no faults such as insulation breakdown or surface discharge occurred. The insulation resistance was 1.05×10¹. 5 The Ω rating indicates excellent performance. This demonstrates that the component possesses good reliability and safety under high-voltage pulse conditions, further verifying the significant advantages of the insulating water-blocking tape and component structure of this invention in improving insulation performance.

[0072] The photovoltaic double-glass module prepared using the insulating water-blocking tape in Example 2 withstood the 27KV pulse voltage test. The pulse waveform was stable, the creepage distance remained at 4.5mm, and no faults such as insulation breakdown or surface discharge occurred. The insulation resistance was 1.3×10⁻⁶. 15 Ω, exhibiting excellent performance.

[0073] The photovoltaic double-glass module prepared using the insulating water-blocking tape in Example 3 withstood the 27KV pulse voltage test, with a stable pulse waveform and a creepage distance maintained at 4.5mm. No insulation breakdown or surface discharge faults occurred, and the insulation resistance was 9×10⁻⁶. 14Ω, exhibiting excellent performance.

[0074] The photovoltaic double-glass module prepared using the insulating water-blocking tape in Comparative Example 1 experienced insulation breakdown faults within only 10 seconds after being subjected to a 27KV pulse voltage, with the insulation resistance suddenly dropping to 5×10⁻⁶. 8 Ω.

[0075] Comparative Example 2: A conventional silicone-sealed photovoltaic double-glass module, after being subjected to a 27kV pulse voltage, did not exhibit insulation breakdown or surface discharge faults, and its insulation resistance was 1.18×10⁻⁶. 15 Ω.

[0076] (3) Damp heat + mechanical load test: After placing the component in a damp heat environment of 85℃ and 85% RH for 1000 hours, immediately apply a mechanical static load of 5400Pa / 2400Pa for 1 hour, for 3 cycles.

[0077] Post-test inspection revealed no cracks or displacement at the frame seal of the photovoltaic double-glass module in Example 1, no peeling at the joints between the tape and the laminate / frame, and the insulation resistance decreased by only 3%, remaining at 1.01 × 10⁻⁶. 15 Ω.

[0078] The insulating and water-blocking tape prepared in Example 2 resulted in a photovoltaic double-glass module frame seal with no cracking or displacement, no peeling at the bonding points between the tape and the laminate and frame, and an insulation resistance decrease of only 2.9%, remaining at 1.16 × 10⁻⁶. 15 Ω.

[0079] The insulating and water-blocking tape prepared in Example 3 resulted in a photovoltaic double-glass module frame seal with no cracking or displacement, no peeling at the bonding points between the tape and the laminate and frame, and an insulation resistance decrease of only 3.5%, remaining at 1.20 × 10⁻⁶. 15 Ω.

[0080] The insulating and water-blocking tape prepared in Comparative Example 1 showed delamination at the frame seal of the photovoltaic double-glass module, with the insulation resistance decreasing by 7% to 2.79 × 10⁻⁶. 9 Ω.

[0081] In Comparative Example 2, the traditional silicone-sealed photovoltaic double-glass module showed no cracking or displacement at the frame seal, no peeling at the bonding points between the tape and the laminate / frame, and a 4% decrease in insulation resistance, remaining at 1.18 × 10⁻⁶. 15 Ω.

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An insulating and water-blocking tape, characterized in that, It includes a substrate layer, an inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and an outer insulating protective layer, wherein the thickness of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 80~120μm.

2. The insulating water-blocking tape according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 100~120μm.

3. The insulating water-blocking tape according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is made of modified silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive, which, by weight, is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components: 100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber with a vinyl content of 0.1~0.5 mol%, 5~10 parts of nano silica, and 1~3 parts of silane coupling agent.

4. The insulating water-blocking tape according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The outer insulating protective layer has a thickness of 300~400μm.

5. The insulating water-blocking tape according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer insulating protective layer is a PET film coated with fluorinated acrylate.

6. A photovoltaic double-glass module, characterized in that, The invention includes a laminate, a frame, and the insulating and water-blocking tape as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the insulating and water-blocking tape is adhered to the periphery of the laminate.

7. A method for preparing a photovoltaic double-glass module, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Tape pre-bonding: The inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the insulating water-blocking tape according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is bonded to the four edges of the laminate of the photovoltaic double glass module, so as to achieve a peel strength between the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the laminate ≥ 2 N / cm; S2. High-temperature curing: The laminated parts with the tape pre-bonded in S1 are cured at high temperature until the peel strength between the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the laminated parts is ≥2N / cm, and the retention rate is ≥90% after aging at 150℃ for 1000h, thus obtaining a laminated part with insulating and water-blocking tape bonded on it. S3. Frame assembly: Install the frame around the outer periphery of the laminate of the photovoltaic double-glass module, which is bonded with insulating and water-blocking tape, to complete the assembly and obtain the photovoltaic double-glass module.

8. The method for preparing a photovoltaic double-glass module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pressure of the inner pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the insulating water-blocking tape described in S1 when it is bonded to the edge of the laminate of the photovoltaic double-glass module is 0.8~1.2MPa, and the bonding temperature is 80~100℃.

9. The method for preparing a photovoltaic double-glass module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The high-temperature curing temperature of S2 is 210~230℃, and the high-temperature curing time is 3~5min.

10. The method for preparing a photovoltaic double-glass module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The frame groove described in S3 is coated with silicone for photovoltaic modules, and the assembly is completed by room temperature curing after frame mounting.

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