Medium-and-low-rank coal organic matter separation and conversion equipment based on catalytic cracking

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of coal chemical industry, and discloses medium-and-low-rank coal organic matter separation and conversion equipment based on catalytic cracking, which comprises an ultrasonic generation mechanism positioned on an ultrasonic extraction mechanism, and is matched with a standing tank, a built-in rotating tank and a transfer pipe for generating uniformly output extraction ultrasonic waves; the separation linkage mechanism is positioned on the ultrasonic extraction mechanism, and is matched with a filtering arc plate of the extension tank, a discharge groove and a clamping groove of the arc-shaped slide way to form a closed structure and can also be opened and closed in sequence; the separation triggering mechanism is positioned on the ultrasonic extraction mechanism, and is matched with the traction thread ring and an inner clamping strip of the standing limiting ring, and the closing structure is automatically driven to be sequentially opened and closed by utilizing the frequency generated during rotation. The molecular structure of pulverized coal can be efficiently crushed through the cavitation effect, the mechanical effect and the heat effect of ultrasonic waves, organic matter is forced to be rapidly dissolved out, the extraction rate and the extraction rate are remarkably increased, extraction and separation are continuously completed in the same device, and the process is compact and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal chemical technology, specifically to a device for separating and converting organic matter in low- and medium-rank coal based on catalytic cracking. Background Technology

[0002] To achieve efficient and clean conversion and utilization of low-rank coal, modern coal chemical industry has developed a variety of integrated coal chemical technologies, such as pyrolysis-combustion coupling, pyrolysis-gasification coupling, and pyrolysis-chemical product coupling. However, few of these technologies have been truly industrialized, and various technical challenges have been encountered in the process of scaling up from pilot-scale to industrial production.

[0003] Traditional processes such as direct combustion, gasification, and simple pyrolysis treat coal as a whole, subjecting it to indiscriminate and brutal fracturing at high temperatures. The result is a mixture of small-molecule gases, tar, and coke, producing complex and uncontrollable products with low value. Processing whole coal particles involves extremely high mass transfer resistance, requiring heat to be transferred from the outside in and reaction products to diffuse from the inside out, resulting in very low efficiency. Furthermore, a large amount of ineffective components (ash, minerals) are repeatedly heated and cooled, causing significant energy waste, and the yield of the target liquid product is typically very low. Simultaneously, these extensive processes generate large amounts of wastewater, waste residue, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), leading to high environmental treatment costs. In contrast, the pure solvent recovered in the evaporation and concentration process can be recycled, reducing solvent consumption and waste liquid generation at the source. Product distribution is thermodynamically driven; once reaction conditions are determined, the product profile is essentially fixed, making it difficult to flexibly adjust according to market demand. For example, pyrolysis mainly yields tar and semi-coke, while gasification mainly yields syngas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a catalytic cracking-based organic matter separation and conversion device for medium and low-rank coal, which solves the problems of low efficiency, severe pollution, low product value, and poor flexibility caused by the overall processing and crude cracking of traditional coal conversion processes.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a catalytic cracking-based organic matter separation and conversion device for medium and low-rank coal, comprising: Fixed frame, used for fixing the structure of the organic matter separation and conversion unit for medium and low rank coal; The side-mounted support is located on the fixed frame and is used to elevate and fix the ultrasonic extraction structure for low- and medium-rank coal. The discharge ramp is located on the fixed frame and is used to guide the discharge of the residue from the extraction and separation process; The input crushing mechanism is located on a fixed frame and is used to input low- and medium-rank coal and crush it into fine particles. The ultrasonic extraction mechanism is located on the side support frame and is used in conjunction with the curved pipe structure of the feed pipe to receive and simultaneously perform ultrasonic extraction of medium and low rank coal to generate SCER liquid. The ultrasonic generation mechanism is located on the ultrasonic extraction mechanism, and works with the settling tank, the built-in rotating tank and the intermediate tube to generate uniformly output extraction ultrasonic waves. The separation linkage mechanism is located on the ultrasonic extraction mechanism. It works with the filter arc plate of the extension tank, the discharge groove, and the locking groove of the arc slide to form a closed structure, and can also be opened and closed sequentially. The separation triggering mechanism is located on the ultrasonic extraction mechanism. Together with the inner retaining strip of the traction threaded ring and the stationary limiting ring, it automatically drives the closed structure to open and close sequentially by utilizing the number of rotations. The evaporation and concentration mechanism is located on a fixed frame and is used in conjunction with the discharge pipe structure of the discharge cone to evaporate and concentrate the generated SCER liquid; The buffer tank component is located on a fixed frame and is used to provide a controllable pressure environment for SCER liquid to achieve temporary storage and flow buffering of concentrated SCER liquid; The catalytic hydrogenation component is located on a fixed frame and is used for the hydrogenation catalysis of concentrated SCER liquid and its conversion into monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon products.

[0006] Preferably, the side support is fixed inside the fixed frame, the discharge ramp is obliquely fixed to one side of the fixed frame, the input crushing mechanism is suspended at the top of the fixed frame, the ultrasonic extraction mechanism is suspended inside the fixed frame via the side support, the ultrasonic generating mechanism is embedded inside the ultrasonic extraction mechanism, the separation linkage mechanism is embedded inside the ultrasonic extraction mechanism, the separation triggering mechanism is embedded in the ultrasonic extraction mechanism, the evaporation and concentration mechanism is mounted on the fixed frame, and the buffer tank component and the catalytic hydrogenation component are both fixed inside the fixed frame.

[0007] Preferably, the input crushing mechanism includes a feed tank, which is suspended on the top of the fixed frame and has a crushing component inside. The conveying pipe is fixed to the bottom discharge port of the feed tank, and the bent pipe structure is set at the output end of the input crushing mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the ultrasonic extraction mechanism includes a settling tank and a linkage propulsion assembly. The settling tank is suspended inside a fixed frame by a side-mounted support. The built-in rotating tank is embedded and rotated inside the settling tank. Filter arc plates and discharge grooves are circumferentially distributed on the built-in rotating tank, and adjacent filter arc plates and discharge grooves are interlocked. The transfer pipe is embedded and fixed inside the built-in rotating tank and connects with the bent pipe structure of the conveying pipe. The side wall of the transfer pipe is provided with circumferentially distributed discharge grooves, and the inner wall is provided with spiral guide plates. The arc-shaped slide is attached to one side of the built-in rotating tank, and engaging grooves are distributed at the end and middle of the arc-shaped slide. The linkage propulsion assembly is located on the side of the settling tank near the ultrasonic generating mechanism. The bottom of the built-in rotating tank is provided with a discharge cone, which has a single-sided open slot. The discharge pipe structure is located at the bottom of the slot, and a filter screen is provided at the top.

[0009] Preferably, the ultrasonic generating mechanism includes an ultrasonic generator, which is placed on the extension tank and embedded in the built-in rotating tank. The side wall of the ultrasonic generator is provided with a transmission shaft that is circumferentially distributed around the intermediate tube and embedded inside the intermediate tube.

[0010] Preferably, the separation linkage mechanism includes an outer tube that wraps around the inside rotating tank, and the outer tube has a circumferentially distributed closed arc plate on its side wall. A traction arm is fixed to the side of the outer tube near the arc-shaped slide, and the end of the traction arm is provided with an embedded slide table that slides within the arc-shaped slide. A locking arc block is embedded inside the embedded slide table, and the locking arc block can be embedded into the locking groove of the arc-shaped slide. At the same time, a retaining spring structure is provided between the locking arc block and the inner wall of the embedded slide table.

[0011] Preferably, the separation triggering mechanism includes an embedded ring, which is embedded between the traction threaded ring and the stationary limiting ring. The side wall of the embedded ring is provided with a mating groove and engages with the inner retaining strip of the stationary limiting ring. The inner side wall of the embedded ring is provided with a retaining bead structure, which engages in the thread groove of the traction threaded ring. An arc-shaped top contact seat is fixed to the outer ring of the inner side wall of the embedded ring. The inner wall of the arc-shaped top contact seat is provided with an outwardly extending arc-shaped top contact strip, and a retaining spring is connected between the arc-shaped top contact strip and the inner wall of the arc-shaped top contact strip.

[0012] Preferably, the evaporation and concentration mechanism includes a settling tray, which is fixed inside a fixed frame and located below a discharge cone. An input pipe is fixed at the center of the settling tray, and a disc-shaped spiral tube rotates inside the settling tray. Guide plates are distributed on the inner wall of the settling tray. The input pipe extends to the center of the disc-shaped spiral tube. The top wall of the settling tray is an open structure to guide the evaporated gas to a conical discharge cover fixed above the settling tray and to connect with the discharge pipe of the discharge cone. A conical discharge side pipe for guiding the discharge of concentrated SCER liquid is sleeved on the outer ring of the settling tray.

[0013] Preferably, the linkage propulsion assembly includes an extension tank and a traction threaded ring. The extension tank is fixed to one side of the stationary tank, and the inner retaining strip is distributed on the inner wall of the stationary limiting ring. The traction threaded ring is fixed to one side of the built-in rotating tank and is embedded in the stationary limiting ring. The outer ring of the traction threaded ring is provided with bidirectional staggered and interconnected threaded grooves. The stationary limiting ring is fixed to the inner wall of the extension tank.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom wall of the stationary plate is provided with a motor structure and a heating element, and the motor output is connected to the disc-shaped spiral tube.

[0015] This invention provides a device for separating and converting organic matter in low- and medium-rank coal based on catalytic cracking. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention significantly enhances the utilization value of low- and medium-rank coal: This equipment directly converts low-calorific-value, high-pollution low- and medium-rank coal into high-value-added monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.). These are important basic chemical raw materials with high market demand and prices far exceeding those of raw coal, greatly increasing the profit margin of coal resources and transforming "coarse grains" into "refined grains." Through an efficient technical path of "organic matter separation (extraction) → concentration and purification → catalytic hydrogenation," valuable organic components in coal are precisely extracted and converted, avoiding the problems of low efficiency and heavy pollution associated with traditional combustion power generation methods.

[0016] 2. This invention features an innovative, highly efficient integrated design for extraction and separation: employing a dual ultrasonic action mode of "preliminary extraction + secondary extraction," the cavitation, mechanical, and thermal effects of ultrasound efficiently break down the molecular structure of coal powder, forcing organic matter to dissolve rapidly. This significantly improves the extraction rate and extraction yield, shortens the reaction time, and the rotation of the extraction tank (with an internal rotating tank) generates centrifugal force. This not only keeps the coal powder mixture tumbling, ensuring full and uniform contact with the ultrasound and avoiding dead zones and localized overheating, but also provides a powerful driving force for subsequent liquid-solid separation. Extraction and separation are completed continuously within the same device, resulting in a compact and efficient process.

[0017] 3. This invention features a highly intelligent and automated separation process: The separation process requires no external commands or complex sensor systems. Instead, it achieves self-triggering through ingenious mechanical design. The continuous rotation of the built-in rotating tank serves as both a "power source" and a "timer." Through the threaded engagement of the traction threaded ring and the embedded ring, the rotational motion is converted into precise axial displacement, automatically triggering the separation action at the appropriate extraction time. The separation linkage mechanism, according to a preset program, first opens the filter structure to separate the liquid, then opens the slag discharge structure to discharge the solid. The entire process is continuous, automatic, and requires no manual intervention, greatly reducing operational complexity, improving production efficiency and reliability, and minimizing human error.

[0018] 4. This invention features a highly efficient and energy-saving evaporation and concentration process: The evaporation and concentration mechanism adopts a rotating disc-type spiral tube design. Under centrifugal force, the SCER liquid forms a thin film that spreads on the inner wall of the tube, making full contact with the heating wall, resulting in extremely high heat transfer efficiency. Volatile components are evaporated and removed, while the high-boiling-point target product (high-purity SCER liquid) is retained and concentrated. This method has relatively low energy consumption, and the separation effect is far better than traditional batch evaporation. It forms a continuous process with the front-end extraction and the back-end hydrogenation, avoiding the efficiency bottleneck caused by batch processing.

[0019] 5. This invention achieves continuous and integrated production throughout the entire process: Traditional coal chemical plants often operate independently and in an intermittent manner. In this scheme, from coal powder input to aromatics output, all units (crushing, extraction, separation, concentration, buffering, and hydrogenation) are highly integrated on a single frame, and materials flow automatically by gravity, pumping, and centrifugal force. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic extraction mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ultrasonic extraction mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and installation of the ultrasonic generation mechanism and the separation triggering mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the built-in rotating tank of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage propulsion component structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the linkage propulsion component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic wave generating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the separation and linkage mechanism of the present invention; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the separation triggering mechanism of the present invention; Figure 14This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the evaporation and concentration mechanism of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the installation state of the disc-type spiral tube structure of the present invention.

[0021] The components include: 1. Fixed frame; 2. Side-mounted support frame; 3. Discharge ramp; 4. Input crushing mechanism; 5. Ultrasonic extraction mechanism; 6. Ultrasonic generation mechanism; 7. Separation linkage mechanism; 8. Separation triggering mechanism; 9. Evaporation and concentration mechanism; 10. Buffer tank component; 11. Catalytic hydrogenation component; 41. Feed tank; 42. Conveying pipe; 51. Settling tank; 52. Extension tank; 53. Internal rotating tank; 54. Transfer pipe; 55. 56. Arc-shaped slide; 57. Traction threaded ring; 58. Stationary limiting ring; 59. Discharge cone; 60. Ultrasonic generator; 61. Conducting shaft; 72. Outer sleeve; 73. Traction arm; 74. Embedded slide; 85. Engaging arc block; 86. Embedded ring; 87. Arc-shaped top contact seat; 88. Arc-shaped top contact strip; 99. Stationary disc; 90. Input pipe; 91. Disc-type spiral pipe; 92. Conical drain top cover; 93. Conical discharge side pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 3This invention provides an organic matter separation and conversion device for medium and low-rank coal based on catalytic cracking, comprising: a fixed frame 1 for fixing the structure of the organic matter separation and conversion device for medium and low-rank coal; a side support 2 located on the fixed frame 1 for elevating and fixing the ultrasonic extraction structure of medium and low-rank coal; a discharge ramp 3 located on the fixed frame 1 for guiding the discharge of the residue from the extraction and separation; the side support 2 is fixed inside the fixed frame 1; the discharge ramp 3 is obliquely fixed to one side of the fixed frame 1; an input crushing mechanism 4 is suspended at the top of the fixed frame 1; an ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5 is suspended inside the fixed frame 1 via the side support 2; an ultrasonic generation mechanism 6 is embedded inside the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5; a separation linkage mechanism 7 is embedded inside the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5; and a separation triggering mechanism. Mechanism 8 is embedded within the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5. The evaporation and concentration mechanism 9 is mounted on the fixed frame 1. The buffer tank component 10 and the catalytic hydrogenation component 11 are both fixed within the fixed frame 1. The buffer tank component 10, located on the fixed frame 1, provides a controllable pressure environment for the SCER liquid, enabling temporary storage and flow buffering of the concentrated SCER liquid. The catalytic hydrogenation component 11, located on the fixed frame 1, is used for hydrogenation catalysis of the concentrated SCER liquid and its conversion into monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon products. This equipment is primarily designed for the organic matter separation and conversion of medium- and low-rank coal. The entire equipment is centrally fixed via the fixed frame 1 to form an integrated operating structure. The input crushing mechanism 4, used for crushing medium- and low-rank coal, is installed on top of the fixed frame 1. The crushing mechanism 4 pulverizes and refines the low- and medium-rank coal. The refined coal powder is then received by the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5, which is suspended and fixed within the fixed frame 1 by the side-mounted support 2. The mechanism's configuration forms three working areas, which are sequentially enclosed. The innermost area receives and, in conjunction with the ultrasonic generating mechanism 6, performs preliminary ultrasonic extraction on the coal powder. The second enclosed area, along with the ultrasonic generating mechanism 6, performs a second ultrasonic extraction on the initially extracted coal powder. The outer areas, which are relatively stationary, rotate. A separation triggering mechanism 8, fitted around the two areas, creates a rotating seal. The resulting centrifugal force drives the coal powder to roll, repeatedly contacting the ultrasonic generating mechanism 6 to coarsen the coal. The mixture of SCER liquid and coal slag is continuously rotated, causing the separation linkage mechanism 7 to move towards the separation trigger mechanism 8 until it contacts the separation trigger mechanism 8. This causes the separation trigger mechanism 8 to rotate sequentially along the separation linkage mechanism 7, gradually opening the filter structure of the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5. Combined with the centrifugal force of the rotation, the coarsened SCER liquid is forced into the outermost area of ​​the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5. The separation linkage mechanism 7 then rotates to open the slag discharge structure of the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5, automatically discharging the internally generated coal slag. The coarsened SCER liquid then enters the evaporation and concentration mechanism 9. Through evaporation and concentration in the evaporation and concentration mechanism 9, the coarsened SCER liquid is able to evaporate and separate its maximum liquefied components.The concentrated high-purity SCER liquid is retained, and after separation, the high-purity SCER liquid is received by the buffer tank component 10 and guided to the catalytic hydrogenation component 11 for hydrogenation catalysis. Ultimately, the SCER liquid is converted into monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Due to its higher density, the concentrated high-purity SCER liquid remains at the bottom of the spiral coil and is discharged through the conical discharge side pipe 95, entering the buffer tank component 10. After temporary storage and stabilization in the buffer tank, the concentrated SCER liquid enters the catalytic hydrogenation component 11, where it is converted into monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The buffer tank component 10 provides a controllable pressure environment, such as a nitrogen atmosphere, to achieve temporary storage and flow buffering of the SCER liquid, ensuring a stable feed for subsequent hydrogenation processes. The SCER liquid is pumped into the catalytic hydrogenation component 11, which contains a catalyst such as a nickel or molybdenum-based catalyst and a hydrogen supply system. Under high temperature and pressure, the SCER liquid undergoes a hydrogenation reaction, cracking into monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene. The resulting monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are collected and output, and can be used as chemical feedstocks or fuels.

[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 3 The input crushing mechanism 4 is located on the fixed frame 1 and is used to input low-rank coal and crush it. The input crushing mechanism 4 includes a feed pool 41, which is suspended on the top of the fixed frame 1 and has crushing components inside. The conveying pipe 42 is fixed to the bottom discharge port of the feed pool 41 and has a bent pipe structure at the output end of the input crushing mechanism 4. Low-rank coal is first fed into the input crushing mechanism 4, which is located on the top of the fixed frame 1 and includes a feed pool 41 and a conveying pipe 42. The feed pool 41 has crushing components inside to crush the coal into coal powder. The coal powder falls into the conveying pipe 42 through the discharge port at the bottom of the feed pool 41 under the action of gravity. The conveying pipe 42 adopts a bent pipe structure to ensure that the coal powder can be directionally conveyed to the transfer pipe 54 of the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5, while reducing dust dispersion.

[0025] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 9The ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5 is located on the side support 2 and works with the bent structure of the conveying pipe 42 to receive and simultaneously perform ultrasonic extraction of low-rank coal to generate SCER liquid. The ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5 includes a settling tank 51 and a linkage propulsion assembly. The settling tank 51 is suspended inside the fixed frame 1 by the side support 2. The built-in rotating tank 53 is embedded and rotated inside the settling tank 51. The filter arc plates and discharge troughs are circumferentially distributed on the built-in rotating tank 53, and adjacent filter arc plates and discharge troughs are spliced ​​together. The intermediate transfer pipe 54 is embedded and fixed inside the built-in rotating tank 53 and is connected to the bent structure of the conveying pipe 42. The side wall of the intermediate transfer pipe 54 is provided with The inner tank 53 has a circumferentially distributed discharge trough with spiral guide plates on its inner wall. An arc-shaped slide 55 is attached to one side of the inner rotating tank 53, and engaging grooves are distributed at the end and middle of the arc-shaped slide 55. A linkage propulsion assembly is located on the side of the stationary tank 51 near the ultrasonic generating mechanism 6. The bottom of the inner rotating tank 53 is provided with a discharge cone 58, which has a slot with one side open. The discharge pipe structure is located at the bottom of the slot, and a filter screen is provided at the top. After the coal powder enters the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5, it undergoes organic matter extraction under the action of ultrasound to generate a coarse SCER liquid coal-based organic liquid and coal slag mixture. This stage includes preliminary extraction. The process involves initial extraction and secondary extraction, followed by separation via centrifugal force. Coal powder enters the transfer pipe 54 through the curved structure of the feed pipe 42. The transfer pipe 54 is embedded within the built-in rotating tank 53, which has circumferentially distributed discharge grooves on its side walls and spiral guide plates on its inner wall to ensure uniform dispersion and initial contact with ultrasonic waves. The built-in rotating tank 53 rotates within the settling tank 51, generating centrifugal force. The coal powder mixture rolls under this force, repeatedly contacting the ultrasonic waves to enhance extraction efficiency. Simultaneously, centrifugal force drives the coarsened SCER liquid and coal slag towards the tank wall. The built-in rotating tank 53 is equipped with circumferentially distributed filter arc plates and discharge grooves. Adjacent units are combined to form an openable / closable structure. As the built-in rotating tank 53 continues to rotate, the separation trigger mechanism 8 is activated, gradually opening the filtration structure and the slag discharge structure to achieve the separation of SCER liquid and coal slag. The linkage propulsion component, including the extension tank 52 and the traction threaded ring 56, plays a key role. The traction threaded ring 56 is fixed on one side of the built-in rotating tank 53 and embedded in the stationary limiting ring 57. The outer ring of the traction threaded ring 56 is provided with bidirectional staggered thread grooves. The coal slag is discharged through the discharge pipe of the discharge cone 58 and guided out of the equipment through the discharge ramp 3. The top of the discharge cone 58 is provided with a filter screen to prevent the SCER liquid from being discharged accidentally. The coarsened SCER liquid enters the evaporation and concentration mechanism 9 from the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5.

[0026] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 10The ultrasonic generating mechanism 6 is located on the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5 and works with the settling tank 51, the built-in rotating tank 53, and the intermediate tube 54 to generate uniformly output extraction ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic generating mechanism 6 includes an ultrasonic generator 61, which is set on the extension tank 52 and embedded in the built-in rotating tank 53. The side wall of the ultrasonic generator 61 is provided with a transmission shaft 62 that is circumferentially distributed around the intermediate tube 54 and embedded inside the intermediate tube 54. The ultrasonic generator 61 of the ultrasonic generating mechanism 6 generates high-frequency ultrasonic waves, which are radiated to the area around and inside the intermediate tube 54 through the transmission shaft 62. The coal powder first undergoes preliminary ultrasonic extraction near the intermediate tube 54 in the innermost region, and then enters the built-in rotating tank 53 in the second region for secondary extraction. The ultrasonic waves destroy the coal powder structure, causing organic matter to dissolve and form SCER liquid.

[0027] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 12The separation linkage mechanism 7 is located on the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5. It works with the filter arc plate of the extension tank 52, the discharge groove, and the engaging groove of the arc-shaped slide 55 to form a closed structure, and can also be opened and closed sequentially. The separation linkage mechanism 7 includes an outer tube 71, which wraps around the outside of the inner rotating tank 53. The side wall of the outer tube 71 is provided with circumferentially distributed closed arc plates. A traction arm 72 is fixed on the side of the outer tube 71 near the arc-shaped slide 55. The end of the traction arm 72 is provided with an embedded slide 73, which is embedded and slides within the arc-shaped slide 55. An engaging arc block 74 is embedded inside the embedded slide 73. The engaging arc block 74 can be embedded into the engaging groove of the arc-shaped slide 55. At the same time, a retaining spring structure is provided between the engaging arc block 74 and the inner wall of the embedded slide 73. The linkage propulsion assembly includes an extension tank 52 and a traction threaded ring 56. The extension tank 52 is fixed to one side of the stationary tank 51, and the inner retaining strips are distributed on the inner wall of the stationary limiting ring 57. The traction threaded ring 56 is fixed to one side of the built-in rotating tank 53 and is embedded in the stationary limiting ring 57. The outer ring of the traction threaded ring 56 is provided with bidirectional staggered and interconnected threaded grooves. The limiting ring 57 is fixed to the inner wall of the extension tank 52. The outer sleeve 71 of the separation linkage mechanism 7 is wrapped around the outside of the inner rotating tank 53. Its sealing arc plate initially seals the filter structure to prevent leakage. The arc-shaped top contact seat 82 and arc-shaped top contact strip 83 on the embedded ring 81 move accordingly, which will first drive the filter structure to open. During the movement, the arc-shaped top contact strip 83 touches the embedded slide 73 of the separation linkage mechanism 7. The embedded slide 73 is provided with a locking arc block 74, which is locked in the locking groove of the arc slide 55 by a snap spring structure. The top contact force makes the locking arc block 74 engage. Release, the embedded slide 73 slides along the arc-shaped slide 55, driving the traction arm 72 and the outer sleeve 71 to move, thereby gradually opening the filter arc plate of the built-in rotating tank 53, centrifugal separation: after the filter structure is opened, the centrifugal force drives the coarsening SCER liquid through the filter arc plate into the cavity between the outermost area settling tank 51 and the built-in rotating tank 53, while the slag is trapped in the built-in rotating tank 53. The separation linkage mechanism 7 continues to move, and finally opens the slot of the discharge cone 58. The slag is discharged through the discharge pipe of the discharge cone 58 and guided out of the equipment through the discharge ramp 3.

[0028] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 13The separation trigger mechanism 8 is located on the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5. It works in conjunction with the traction threaded ring 56 and the inner retaining strip of the stationary limiting ring 57, automatically driving the sequential opening and closing of the closed structure by utilizing the number of rotations. The separation trigger mechanism 8 includes an embedded ring 81, which is embedded between the traction threaded ring 56 and the stationary limiting ring 57. The side wall of the embedded ring 81 has a mating groove and engages with the inner retaining strip of the stationary limiting ring 57. The inner side wall of the embedded ring 81 has a retaining bead structure that engages within the threaded groove of the traction threaded ring 56. An arc-shaped top contact seat 82 is fixed to the outer ring of the inner side wall of the embedded ring 81. An outwardly extending arc-shaped top contact strip 83 is provided on the inner wall of the arc-shaped top contact seat 82, and a retaining spring connects it to the inner wall of the arc-shaped top contact strip 83. As the built-in rotating tank 53 continues to rotate, the separation trigger mechanism 8 is activated, gradually opening the filtration structure. The structure and slag discharge structure realize the separation of SCER liquid and coal slag. The linkage propulsion component includes the extension tank 52 and the traction threaded ring 56, which play a key role. The traction threaded ring 56 is fixed on one side of the built-in rotating tank 53 and embedded in the stationary limiting ring 57. The outer ring of the traction threaded ring 56 is provided with a bidirectional staggered thread groove. The embedded ring 81 of the separation triggering mechanism 8 is embedded between the traction threaded ring 56 and the stationary limiting ring 57. The mating groove of the embedded ring 81 is wedged with the inner retaining strip of the stationary limiting ring 57, and its inner ring retaining ball is engaged in the thread groove. When the built-in rotating tank 53 rotates, the thread groove of the traction threaded ring 56 drives the embedded ring 81 to move axially. The arc-shaped top contact seat 82 and arc-shaped top contact strip 83 on the embedded ring 81 move accordingly, which will first drive the filter structure to open. During the movement, the arc-shaped top contact strip 83 touches the embedded slide 73 of the separation linkage mechanism 7.

[0029] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 15The evaporation and concentration mechanism 9 is located on the fixed frame 1 and works in conjunction with the discharge pipe structure of the discharge cone 58 to evaporate and concentrate the generated SCER liquid. The evaporation and concentration mechanism 9 includes a settling plate 91, which is fixed inside the fixed frame 1 and located below the discharge cone 58. An input pipe 92 is fixed at the center inside the settling plate 91, and a disc-shaped spiral tube 93 rotates inside the settling plate 91. Guide plates are distributed on the inner wall of the settling plate 91. The input pipe 92 extends to the center of the disc-shaped spiral tube 93. The top wall of the settling plate 91 is an open structure to guide the evaporated gas to the conical discharge cover 94 fixed above the settling plate 91 and to connect with the discharge pipe of the discharge cone 58. A conical discharge side pipe 95 is sleeved around the outer ring of the settling plate 91 to guide the discharge of the concentrated SCER liquid. A motor structure and heating element are provided on the bottom wall of the settling plate 91, and the motor output is connected to the disc-shaped spiral tube 93. The coarsened SCER liquid is extracted from the ultrasonic extraction mechanism. 5. The SCER liquid enters the evaporation and concentration mechanism 9, where volatile components are removed by heating and evaporation to obtain high-purity concentrated SCER liquid. The coarsened SCER liquid flows from the outer area of ​​the settling tank 51 into the input pipe 92 of the evaporation and concentration mechanism 9 through the discharge pipe structure of the discharge cone 58. The input pipe 92 extends to the center of the disc spiral tube 93. The bottom wall of the settling tank 91 is equipped with a heating element and a motor. The motor drives the disc spiral tube 93 to rotate slowly. The spiral centrifugal traction force generated by the motor will drive the SCER liquid to adhere to the inner wall of the disc spiral tube 93 and contact the high-temperature inner wall. The SCER liquid flows and is heated in the disc spiral tube 93, and the volatile components evaporate. It rises through the open top wall of the settling tank 91 to the conical discharge top cover 94. After condensation, it can be collected or discharged as a by-product along the conical discharge top cover 94. The concentrated high-purity SCER liquid, due to its higher density, remains at the bottom of the disc spiral tube and is discharged through the conical discharge side pipe 95.

[0030] Working Principle: This equipment is mainly used for the organic matter separation and conversion of medium and low-rank coal. The entire equipment is centrally fixed by a fixed frame 1 to form an integrated working structure. The input crushing mechanism 4, which is used to input and crush the medium and low-rank coal, is installed on the top of the fixed frame 1. The input crushing mechanism 4 crushes and refines the medium and low-rank coal. Then, the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5, which is suspended and fixed in the fixed frame 1 by a side support 2, receives the refined medium and low-rank coal powder. The structure formed by the mechanism creates three working areas, which are sequentially wrapped. The innermost area is used to receive and cooperate with the ultrasonic generating mechanism 6 to perform preliminary ultrasonic extraction on the medium and low-rank coal powder. Then, the second wrapped area and the ultrasonic generating mechanism 6 perform secondary ultrasonic extraction on the medium and low-rank coal powder extracted in the first extraction. The outer region of the two relatively stationary areas rotates, coordinating with the separation trigger mechanism 8 fitted outside the two regions to form a rotating seal. The centrifugal traction force generated drives the coal powder to roll and repeatedly contact the ultrasonic generating mechanism 6 to form a coarsened SCER liquid and coal slag mixture. The continuous rotation drives the separation linkage mechanism 7 to move towards the separation trigger mechanism 8 until it contacts the separation trigger mechanism 8. This drives the separation trigger mechanism 8 to rotate sequentially along the separation linkage mechanism 7, gradually opening the filter structure of the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5. Combined with the centrifugal force of the rotation, the coarsened SCER liquid separates into the outermost region of the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5, and then drives the separation linkage mechanism 7 to rotate again to open the ultrasonic extraction mechanism. The slag discharge structure of component 5 automatically discharges the coal slag generated inside, while the coarsened SCER liquid enters the evaporation and concentration unit 9. Through the evaporation and concentration unit 9, the coarsened SCER liquid is driven to evaporate and separate its maximum liquefaction components, so as to retain the concentrated high-purity SCER liquid. After the two are separated, the high-purity SCER liquid is received by the buffer tank component 10 and guided to the catalytic hydrogenation component 11 for hydrogenation catalysis. Finally, the SCER liquid is converted into monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon products. The medium and low-rank coal is first fed into the input crushing mechanism 4, which is located on the top of the fixed frame 1. It includes a feed pool 41 and a conveying pipe 42. The feed pool 41 is equipped with a crushing component to crush the coal blocks into fine coal powder. The coal powder is crushed into fine coal powder by gravity. The coal powder falls into the conveying pipe 42 through the discharge port at the bottom of the feed pool 41. The conveying pipe 42 adopts a curved pipe structure to ensure that the coal powder can be directionally conveyed to the transfer pipe 54 of the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5, while reducing dust dispersion. After the coal powder enters the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5, organic matter is extracted under the action of ultrasound to generate a coarse SCER liquid coal-based organic liquid and coal slag mixture. This stage includes preliminary extraction and secondary extraction, and separation is achieved by centrifugal force. The coal powder enters the transfer pipe 54 through the curved pipe structure of the conveying pipe 42. The transfer pipe 54 is embedded in the built-in rotating tank 53. Its side wall is provided with circumferentially distributed discharge grooves, and its inner wall is provided with spiral guide plates to make the coal powder evenly dispersed and initially contact the ultrasound. The ultrasonic generator 61 of the ultrasonic generating mechanism 6 generates high-frequency ultrasound.The ultrasonic waves radiate from the transmission shaft 62 to the surrounding area and interior of the transfer tube 54. The pulverized coal undergoes initial ultrasonic extraction near the transfer tube 54 in the innermost region, and then enters the second region's built-in rotating tank 53 for secondary extraction. The ultrasonic waves disrupt the pulverized coal structure, causing organic matter to dissolve and form SCER liquid. The built-in rotating tank 53 rotates within the settling tank 51, generating centrifugal force. The pulverized coal mixture rolls under this centrifugal force, repeatedly contacting the ultrasonic waves to enhance extraction efficiency. Simultaneously, the centrifugal force drives the coarsened SCER liquid and coal slag towards the tank wall. The built-in rotating tank 53 is equipped with circumferentially distributed filter arc plates and discharge channels. Adjacent units are combined to form an openable and closable filter structure. The outer sleeve 71 of the separation linkage mechanism 7 wraps around the built-in rotating tank 53, and its sealing arc plate initially closes... The filter structure prevents leakage. As the built-in rotating tank 53 continues to rotate, the separation trigger mechanism 8 is activated, gradually opening the filter structure and slag discharge structure to achieve the separation of SCER liquid and slag. The linkage propulsion component, including the extension tank 52 and the traction threaded ring 56, plays a key role. The traction threaded ring 56 is fixed to one side of the built-in rotating tank 53 and embedded in the stationary limiting ring 57. The outer ring of the traction threaded ring 56 has a bidirectional staggered thread groove. The embedded ring 81 of the separation trigger mechanism 8 is embedded between the traction threaded ring 56 and the stationary limiting ring 57. The mating groove of the embedded ring 81 wedges with the inner retaining strip of the stationary limiting ring 57, and its inner ring retaining ball engages in the thread groove. When the built-in rotating tank 53 rotates, the thread groove of the traction threaded ring 56 drives the embedded ring 81 to move axially. The arc-shaped top contact seat 82 and arc-shaped top contact strip 83 move accordingly, which first drives the filter structure to open. During the movement of the arc-shaped top contact strip 83, the top contact separation linkage mechanism 7 inserts the slide table 73. The insert slide table 73 is equipped with a locking arc block 74, which is locked in the locking groove of the arc-shaped slide 55 by a snap spring structure. The top contact force releases the locking arc block 74, and the insert slide table 73 slides along the arc-shaped slide 55, driving the traction arm 72 and the outer tube 71 to move, thereby gradually opening the filter arc plate of the inner rotating tank 53. Centrifugal separation: After the filter structure is opened, the centrifugal force drives the coarsened SCER liquid through the filter arc plate into the cavity between the outermost area settling tank 51 and the inner rotating tank 53, while the slag is trapped in the inner rotating tank 53. The separation linkage mechanism 7 continues to move, and finally The discharge cone 58 has an open slot, through which slag is discharged via the discharge pipe. It is then guided out of the equipment via the discharge ramp 3. A filter screen is installed at the top of the discharge cone 58 to prevent accidental discharge of SCER liquid. The coarsened SCER liquid enters the evaporation and concentration mechanism 9 from the ultrasonic extraction mechanism 5. Volatile components are removed through heating and evaporation to obtain high-purity concentrated SCER liquid. The coarsened SCER liquid flows from the outer area of ​​the settling tank 51 through the discharge pipe structure of the discharge cone 58 into the input pipe 92 of the evaporation and concentration mechanism 9. The input pipe 92 extends to the center of the spiral coil 93. The bottom wall of the settling tank 91 is equipped with a heating element and a motor. The motor drives the spiral coil 93 to rotate slowly, and the resulting spiral centrifugal traction force causes the SCER liquid to adhere to the inner wall of the spiral coil 93.The SCER liquid, in contact with the high-temperature inner wall, flows and is heated within the disc-shaped spiral tube 93. Volatile components evaporate and rise through the open top wall of the settling disc 91 to the conical drain cover 94. After condensation, it can be collected or discharged as a byproduct along the conical drain cover 94. The concentrated high-purity SCER liquid, due to its higher density, remains at the bottom of the disc-shaped spiral tube and is discharged through the conical discharge side pipe 95, entering the buffer tank component 10. After temporary storage and stabilization in the buffer tank, the concentrated SCER liquid enters the catalytic hydrogenation component 11. The SCER liquid is converted into monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. A buffer tank component 10 provides a controllable pressure environment, such as a nitrogen atmosphere, to temporarily store and buffer the flow of the SCER liquid, ensuring a stable feed for subsequent hydrogenation processes. The SCER liquid is pumped into a catalytic hydrogenation component 11, which houses a catalyst, such as a nickel- or molybdenum-based catalyst, and a hydrogen supply system. Under high temperature and pressure, the SCER liquid undergoes a hydrogenation reaction, cracking into monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene. The resulting monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are collected and output, and can be used as chemical feedstocks or fuels.

[0031] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A catalytic pyrolysis-based apparatus for separating and converting organic matter of medium and low rank coal, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of low-rank coal organic matter separation conversion device, including: Fixed rack (1) is used for the fixation of low-rank coal organic matter separation conversion device structure; Side bracket (2) is located on fixed rack (1), for the ultrasonic extraction structure of fixed low-rank coal; Discharge chute (3) is located on fixed rack (1), for guiding the residue of extraction separation to discharge; Input crushing mechanism (4) is located on fixed rack (1), for input low-rank coal and carry out pulverization refinement; Ultrasonic extraction mechanism (5) is located on side bracket (2), cooperate with the bend structure of feed pipe (42) for receiving and synchronously carrying out low-rank coal ultrasonic extraction operation, to generate SCER liquid; Ultrasonic generation mechanism (6) is located on ultrasonic extraction mechanism (5), cooperate with the filter arc plate of extension tank (52) and discharge groove and the engagement groove of arc slide (55) for forming closed closed structure, and also can be sequentially opened and closed; Separation trigger mechanism (8) is located on ultrasonic extraction mechanism (5), cooperate with the inner clamping strip of traction screw ring (56) and static limit ring (57), and utilize the number of times generated when rotating to automatically drive the sequential opening and closing of closed structure; Evaporation concentration mechanism (9) is located on fixed rack (1), cooperate with the discharge pipe structure of discharge cone (58) for evaporating and concentrating generated SCER liquid; Buffer tank component (10) is located on fixed rack (1), for providing the controllable pressure environment of SCER liquid, to realize the temporary storage of concentrated SCER liquid, flow buffering; Catalytic hydrogenation component (11) is located on fixed rack (1), for hydrogenation catalysis to concentrated SCER liquid, and conversion into monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon product. The side bracket (2) is fixed in the fixed rack (1), the discharge chute (3) is obliquely fixed on one side of the fixed rack (1), the input crushing mechanism (4) is suspended on the top of the fixed rack (1), the ultrasonic extraction mechanism (5) is suspended in the fixed rack (1) through the side bracket (2), the ultrasonic generation mechanism (6) is embedded in the ultrasonic extraction mechanism (5), the separation linkage mechanism (7) is embedded in the ultrasonic extraction mechanism (5), the separation trigger mechanism (8) is embedded in the ultrasonic extraction mechanism (5), the evaporation concentration mechanism (9) is arranged on the fixed rack (1), and the buffer tank component (10) and the catalytic hydrogenation component (11) are fixed in the fixed rack (1).

2. The catalytic pyrolysis-based low-rank coal organic matter separation and conversion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input crushing mechanism (4) includes feed pool (41), the feed pool (41) is suspended on the top of the fixed rack (1), and the inside is provided with pulverizing component, the feed pipe (42) is fixed in the bottom discharge port of feed pool (41), and the bend structure is arranged in the output end of input crushing mechanism (4).

3. The catalytic pyrolysis-based organic matter separation and conversion apparatus for medium and low rank coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ 4. The catalytic pyrolysis-based organic matter separation and conversion apparatus for medium and low rank coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic extraction mechanism (5) comprises a static tank (51) and a linkage propulsion assembly, the static tank (51) is suspended in the fixed rack (1) through the side rack (2), the built-in rotating tank (53) is embedded and rotates in the static tank (51), the filter arc plate and the discharge groove are circumferentially distributed on the built-in rotating tank (53), and adjacent filter arc plates and discharge grooves are spliced with each other, the middle transfer pipe (54) is embedded and fixed in the built-in rotating tank (53) and is connected with the elbow structure of the material conveying pipe (42), the side wall of the middle transfer pipe (54) is provided with circumferentially distributed discharge grooves, and the inner wall is provided with spiral guide pieces, the arc-shaped slide (55) is attached to one side of the built-in rotating tank (53), and the clamping grooves are distributed at the end and the middle of the arc-shaped slide (55), the linkage propulsion assembly is arranged on one side of the static tank (51) close to the ultrasonic generating mechanism (6), the bottom of the built-in rotating tank (53) is provided with a discharge cone channel (58), the discharge cone channel (58) is provided with a one-side open notch, and the discharge pipe structure is arranged at the bottom of the notch, and a filter screen is arranged at the top.

5. The catalytic pyrolysis-based organic matter separation and conversion apparatus for medium and low rank coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic generating mechanism (6) comprises an ultrasonic generator (61), the ultrasonic generator (61) is placed on the extension tank (52) and embedded in the built-in rotating tank (53), and the side wall of the ultrasonic generator (61) is provided with a conductive shaft (62) which is circumferentially distributed around the middle transfer pipe (54) and embedded in the middle transfer pipe (54).

6. The catalytic pyrolysis-based low-rank coal organic matter separation and conversion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation linkage mechanism (7) comprises an outer sleeve (71), the outer sleeve (71) is wrapped outside the built-in rotating tank (53), and the side wall of the outer sleeve (71) is provided with circumferentially distributed closed arc plates, the outer sleeve (71) is fixed with a traction arm (72) on one side close to the arc-shaped slide (55), the end of the traction arm (72) is provided with an embedded sliding table (73) which is embedded and slides in the arc-shaped slide (55), the embedded sliding table (73) is embedded with a clamping arc block (74) inside, the clamping arc block (74) can be embedded into the clamping groove of the arc-shaped slide (55), and a clamping spring structure is arranged between the clamping arc block (74) and the inner wall of the embedded sliding table (73).

7. The catalytic pyrolysis-based low-rank coal organic matter separation and conversion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation trigger mechanism (8) comprises an embedded ring (81), the embedded ring (81) is embedded between the traction thread ring (56) and the static limiting ring (57), the side wall of the embedded ring (81) is provided with a butt joint groove and is engaged with the inner clamping strip of the static limiting ring (57), the inner ring side wall of the embedded ring (81) is provided with a clamping bead structure which is engaged in the thread groove of the traction thread ring (56), the outer ring of the inner side wall of the embedded ring (81) is fixed with an arc-shaped top contact seat (82), the inner wall of the arc-shaped top contact seat (82) is provided with an outwardly extending arc-shaped top contact strip (83), and a clamping spring is connected between the inner wall of the arc-shaped top contact strip (83).

8. The catalytic pyrolysis-based low-rank coal organic matter separation and conversion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The evaporation concentration mechanism (9) comprises a static tray (91) fixed in the fixed rack (1) and located below the discharge cone channel (58), the inside of the static tray (91) is fixed with an input pipe (92), a disc spiral pipe (93) rotates in the inside of the static tray (91), and guide plate structures are arranged on the inner wall, the input pipe (92) extends to the center of the disc spiral pipe (93), the top wall of the static tray (91) is an open structure to guide the evaporation gas to reach the conical liquid discharge top cover (94) fixed above the static tray (91) and connected with the discharge pipe of the discharge cone channel (58), and the outer ring of the static tray (91) is sleeved with a conical discharge side pipe (95) for guiding the discharge of concentrated SCER liquid.

9. The catalytic pyrolysis-based low-rank coal organic matter separation and conversion apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The linkage advancing assembly comprises an extension tank (52) and a traction screw ring (56), the extension tank (52) is fixed on one side of the static tank (51), and the inner clamping strip is distributed on the inner wall of the static limiting ring (57), the traction screw ring (56) is fixed on one side of the built-in rotating tank (53) and embedded into the static limiting ring (57), the outer ring of the traction screw ring (56) is provided with a screw groove which is bidirectional staggered and interconnected at the head and tail, and the static limiting ring (57) is fixed on the inner wall of the extension tank (52).

10. The catalytic pyrolysis-based low-rank coal organic matter separation and conversion apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom wall of the static tray (91) is provided with a motor structure and a heating element, and the motor output is connected to the disc spiral pipe (93).

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