Mounting method for prefabricated side wall of rectangular assembly type subway station

Abstract

The invention discloses a rectangular assembly type subway station prefabricated side wall mounting method which comprises the following steps: cooperatively hoisting side wall blocks by adopting multiple hoisting points, and monitoring attitude parameters of the side wall blocks in real time; after the side wall block is adjusted to a preset posture, the side wall block is transferred to an assembling position, and anti-swing control is adopted in the transferring process to improve the positioning precision; the spatial position of the side wall block is adjusted through spatial positioning and comparison means, so that the side wall block is accurately butted with the bottom plate block; before the side wall block and the bottom plate block are fastened, a force transmission device is installed in a limited space between the side wall block and the adjacent structure; tensioning pieces are arranged in preformed holes in the side wall blocks in a penetrating mode, the side wall blocks are tensioned and fixed in a graded tensioning mode, and the side wall blocks are firmly connected with the bottom plate block; and under the preset construction condition, the follow-up ring side wall blocks continue to be spliced. By accurately controlling the speed and the height in the lifting and hoisting processes and adopting a reasonable lifting appliance, the stability and the safety in the side wall block lifting process are improved, and the construction risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of subway engineering construction technology, specifically to a method for installing prefabricated side walls of rectangular prefabricated subway stations. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of prefabricated subway stations, the assembly of side walls is a crucial step. Currently, existing side wall assembly methods suffer from numerous problems, such as difficulty in ensuring accuracy during assembly, the susceptibility to errors that are difficult to eliminate; poor stability during lifting and transportation, posing safety hazards; improper timing of force transmission device installation affecting structural stress; and the risk of collisions between subsequent side walls and already installed side walls, impacting construction progress and quality. These issues lead to low construction efficiency and difficulty in effectively guaranteeing project quality. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an efficient, precise, and safe method for installing prefabricated rectangular side walls in prefabricated subway stations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for installing prefabricated side walls of rectangular prefabricated subway stations.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A method for installing prefabricated side walls of rectangular prefabricated subway stations, comprising the following steps: S1: The side wall block is lifted by multiple lifting points in a coordinated manner. During the lifting process, the attitude parameters of the side wall block are monitored in real time by attitude monitoring elements. The action of each lifting point is dynamically adjusted according to the monitoring results to control the verticality of the side wall block within the preset range. After adjusting the side wall blocks to the predetermined posture, they are transported to the assembly position. Anti-sway control is used during the transportation process to improve positioning accuracy. S2: Based on the tenon and mortise connection structure between the side wall block and the bottom plate, the spatial position of the side wall block is adjusted by spatial positioning and comparison methods to make it accurately connect with the bottom plate. S3: Before the side wall block and the bottom plate are fastened, a force transmission device is installed in the limited space between the side wall block and the adjacent structure, and the device is brought into a state of stress. S4: Tensioning members are inserted through the reserved holes on the side wall blocks, and the side wall blocks are tensioned and fixed by a staged tensioning method to make the side wall blocks and the bottom plate firmly connected. S5: Under the predetermined construction conditions, continue to assemble the subsequent ring side wall blocks. During assembly, control the safe distance between the subsequent ring side wall blocks and the installed side wall blocks. Based on the tenon and mortise connection structure between the subsequent ring side wall blocks and the bottom plate and the installed side wall blocks, repeat step S1 to complete the assembly.

[0005] Furthermore, in step S1, the main hook is connected to the lifting point at the top of the side wall block, and the auxiliary hook is connected to the lifting point at the lower side of the side wall block to achieve coordinated lifting.

[0006] Furthermore, in step S1, the attitude monitoring element includes a tilt sensor and a stress sensor. The attitude monitoring element is pre-installed at the key stress position of the side wall block, and a real-time attitude digital simulation system for the side wall is constructed in conjunction with the BIM model. When the tilt angle exceeds the set threshold, the main and auxiliary hook actions are adjusted through the real-time attitude digital simulation system for the side wall to adjust the verticality deviation.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S1, the anti-sway control relies on the linkage between the gantry crane's variable frequency motor and the positioning sensor, and constructs a motion trajectory prediction model to automatically compensate for inertial swaying during the hoisting process.

[0008] Furthermore, the side wall blocks and the bottom plate are connected by a one-way tenon and mortise joint.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S2, the spatial positioning and model comparison are achieved through a three-dimensional laser scanning system, and the deviation threshold between the coordinates and the BIM model design is ±2mm. If the deviation exceeds the limit, the system will automatically adjust it.

[0010] Further, in step S2, the side wall block is lowered to 2cm-5cm directly above the tenon surface of the bottom plate using a gantry crane. Then, the three-dimensional laser scanning system of the assembly trolley operation platform is activated to continuously collect the spatial coordinate data of the side wall block and compare it with the BIM model design coordinates in real time. When the verticality deviation exceeds the threshold, the system automatically generates a quantitative adjustment command and executes an automatic correction action through the trolley control system. After the positioning accuracy meets the standard, the side wall block is lowered until the tenon of the bottom plate is completely embedded in the mortise of the side wall block, completing the initial positioning.

[0011] Furthermore, the limited space in step S3 is a groove between the side wall block and the ground wall, the groove is 250mm wide, and the force transmission device is installed in the middle of the water-facing surface of the side wall block.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S4, the tensioning member is a precision-rolled threaded steel bar, with one end connected to the reaction frame locking device and the other end secured by a nut self-locking mechanism; The graded tensioning includes a pre-tensioning stage and a final tensioning stage. The pre-tensioning stage is tensioned at 50% of the design force, and the final tensioning stage is tensioned at 100% of the design force. During the tensioning process, stress distribution is monitored by stress sensors. When the difference in local stress concentration is greater than 10%, the tension force of the corresponding reserved hole is adjusted. After the tension force reaches the design value, a special locking sleeve is used to lock it. The side wall block and the bottom plate are finally fastened by bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S5, the predetermined construction condition is that the second steel support at the corresponding position is removed, and the subsequent connection structure between the side wall block and the bottom plate and the installed side wall block is a two-way tenon and mortise connection.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method for installing prefabricated rectangular prefabricated side walls of subway stations: (1) By precisely controlling the speed and height during the lifting and hoisting process and by using reasonable lifting tools, this invention improves the stability and safety of the side wall block hoisting process and reduces construction risks; (2) Different tenon and mortise joints are used for different ring side wall blocks, and corresponding assembly and adjustment steps are used to effectively ensure assembly accuracy, reduce assembly error and improve project quality; (3) The pre-installation of the force transmission device and the synchronous tensioning operation enhanced the stress stability and overall bearing capacity of the side wall structure, ensuring the structural safety of the subway station; (4) A special locking sleeve was used to lock the anchor head, which improved the assembly accuracy and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the installation method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for installing prefabricated side walls of a rectangular prefabricated subway station is characterized by the following steps: S1: The side wall block is lifted by multiple lifting points in a coordinated manner. During the lifting process, the attitude parameters of the side wall block are monitored in real time by attitude monitoring elements. The action of each lifting point is dynamically adjusted according to the monitoring results to control the verticality of the side wall block within the preset range. Specifically, a gantry crane is used for lifting. Multiple lifting points are coordinated by connecting the main hook to the lifting point at the top of the side wall block and the auxiliary hook to the lifting point at the lower side of the side wall block. During lifting, the lifting parameters of the gantry crane are set to a lifting speed of 1-3 m / min and an initial lifting height of 3 m, and the main and auxiliary hooks are started to work together.

[0018] The attitude monitoring components include tilt sensors and stress sensors, which are communicatively connected to the control system. During lifting, the control system dynamically adjusts the hook movement based on real-time data collected by the sensors. The attitude monitoring components are pre-installed at key stress locations on the side wall block and, in conjunction with the BIM model, construct a real-time digital simulation system for the side wall's attitude. When the tilt angle exceeds a set threshold, the system adjusts the movements of the main and auxiliary hooks to correct the verticality deviation. For example, if the detected tilt angle of the side wall exceeds 0.5°, the control system instructs the gantry crane to execute a compensation command to decelerate the main hook and synchronously lift the auxiliary hook, ensuring that the verticality deviation is strictly controlled within ≤0.3° throughout the lifting process, accurately completing the lifting of the side wall block to the predetermined height.

[0019] After adjusting the side wall block to the predetermined posture, it is transported to the assembly position. Anti-sway control is employed during transport to improve positioning accuracy. This anti-sway control relies on the linkage between the gantry crane's variable frequency motor and positioning sensors, and constructs a motion trajectory prediction model to automatically compensate for inertial swaying during hoisting. Specifically, the gantry crane first coordinates the raising of the main hook and the synchronous lowering of the auxiliary hook until the side wall block reaches a perpendicular position to the ground, then disconnects the auxiliary hook. After the main hook is lifted to a height of 12m, the anti-sway positioning system is activated. When a horizontal offset of the side wall block exceeds 5cm, the control system drives the crane trolley to perform reverse speed fine-tuning, improving the hoisting positioning accuracy from the traditional 2cm error to ≤1cm. The side wall block is then transported to directly above the assembly position at a speed of 1–10m / min.

[0020] S2: Based on the mortise and tenon joint structure between the side wall block and the bottom plate, specifically, the side wall block and the bottom plate adopt a one-way mortise and tenon joint connection. The spatial position of the side wall block is adjusted by spatial positioning and comparison to ensure precise alignment with the bottom plate. Spatial positioning and model comparison are achieved through a three-dimensional laser scanning system. The deviation threshold from the BIM model design coordinates is ±2mm. If the deviation exceeds the limit, the control system will automatically adjust.

[0021] The side wall block is lowered to 2-5 cm above the tenon surface of the bottom plate using a gantry crane. Then, the 3D laser scanning system of the assembly trolley operation platform is activated to continuously collect the spatial coordinate data of the side wall block and compare it with the BIM model design coordinates in real time. When the verticality deviation exceeds the threshold, the system automatically generates a quantitative adjustment command and executes an automatic correction action through the trolley control system. After the positioning accuracy meets the standard, the side wall block is lowered until the tenon of the bottom plate is completely embedded in the mortise of the side wall block, completing the initial positioning.

[0022] In practical operation, given that the side wall blocks and the bottom plate adopt a one-way tenon and mortise connection structure, they can be directly hoisted and aligned using a gantry crane. The gantry crane is controlled to lower the side wall block at a speed of 1–3 m / min to 2 cm directly above the tenon surface of the bottom plate. The 3D laser scanning system of the assembly trolley operating platform is then activated (scanning frequency 1 million points / second) to continuously collect the spatial coordinate data of the side wall blocks and compare it in real time with the BIM model design coordinates (deviation threshold ±2 mm). When a verticality deviation exceeds 0.3° or a planar position deviation exceeds 5 mm, the system automatically generates a quantitative adjustment command (e.g., "left side needs to be raised 2 mm") and executes an automatic correction action through the control system, replacing the traditional manual adjustment mode.

[0023] S3: Before the side wall block and the bottom plate are fastened, a force transmission device is installed in the limited space between the side wall block and the adjacent structure and it is put into a stress state; the limited space is the groove between the side wall block and the ground wall, the groove is 250mm wide, the force transmission device is installed in the middle of the water-facing side of the side wall block, and the force transmission device adopts a force transmission screw.

[0024] S4: Tensioning members are inserted through pre-drilled holes in the side wall blocks, and the side wall blocks are tensioned and fixed using a staged tensioning method to ensure a firm connection between the side wall blocks and the base plate. The tensioning members are precision-rolled threaded steel bars, with one end connected to the reaction frame locking device and the other end secured with a self-locking nut. Staged tensioning includes a pre-tensioning stage and a final tensioning stage. The pre-tensioning stage uses 50% of the design force, and the final tensioning stage uses 100% of the design force. During the tensioning process, stress distribution is monitored by stress sensors. When the difference in local stress concentration exceeds 10%, the tension force of the corresponding pre-drilled hole is adjusted. After the tension force reaches the design value, a special locking sleeve is used for locking. The side wall blocks and the base plate are finally secured by bolts.

[0025] Specifically, in the pre-tensioning stage: initial tensioning is performed with 50% of the design force, and the stress distribution is monitored by stress sensors built into the side wall blocks (accuracy ±1MPa). When a local stress concentration difference >10% is detected, the tensioning force of the corresponding tensioning hole is automatically adjusted. Final tensioning stage: The final tensioning is completed with 100% design force to ensure that the side wall blocks and bottom plates are subjected to uniform stress and to avoid the risk of local cracking caused by rigid synchronous tensioning.

[0026] Once the tension reaches the design value, a special locking sleeve is used to lock it in place, and the side wall blocks and the bottom plate are finally fastened by bolts.

[0027] In addition, after each ring of side wall blocks is assembled, the assembly accuracy must be verified by comparing it with the BIM model through 3D scanning to ensure that errors are eliminated in real time.

[0028] S5: Under the predetermined construction conditions, continue assembling the subsequent ring side wall blocks. During assembly, control the safe distance (12cm) between the subsequent ring side wall blocks and the already installed side wall blocks. Based on the mortise and tenon joint structure between the subsequent ring side wall blocks and the bottom plate and the already installed side wall blocks, repeat step S1 to complete the assembly. The predetermined construction conditions are that the second steel support at the corresponding position has been removed, and the connection structure between the subsequent ring side wall blocks and the bottom plate and the already installed side wall blocks is a two-way mortise and tenon joint.

[0029] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rectangular assembled subway station prefabricated side wall installation method, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: adopt multi-hoisting point cooperative lifting of the side wall block, and monitor the attitude parameters of the side wall block in real time through the attitude monitoring element during lifting, dynamically adjust the actions of each hoisting point according to the monitoring results, and control the perpendicularity of the side wall block within a preset range; After the side wall block is adjusted to a predetermined attitude, it is transported to an assembling position, and anti-swing control is adopted during transportation to improve positioning accuracy; S2: based on the tenon and groove connection structure between the side wall block and the bottom plate block, the spatial position of the side wall block is adjusted through spatial positioning and comparison means, so that it is accurately connected with the bottom plate block; S3: before the side wall block and the bottom plate block are fastened, a force transmission device is installed in the limited space between the side wall block and the adjacent structure, and is put into a stressed state; S4: a tensioning member is passed through the reserved hole on the side wall block, and the side wall block is tensioned and fixed in a stepped tensioning manner, so that the side wall block and the bottom plate block are firmly connected; S5: under predetermined construction conditions, the subsequent ring side wall blocks are continuously assembled, the safety distance between the subsequent ring side wall blocks and the installed side wall blocks is controlled during assembly, and based on the tenon and groove connection structure between the subsequent ring side wall blocks and the bottom plate blocks and the installed side wall blocks, the step S1 is repeated to complete the assembly.

2. The rectangular assembled subway station prefabricated side wall installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the main hook is connected to the hoisting point at the top of the side wall block, and the auxiliary hook is connected to the hoisting point at the lower part of the side surface of the side wall block to realize cooperative lifting.

3. The rectangular assembled subway station prefabricated side wall installation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1, the attitude monitoring element comprises an inclination sensor and a stress sensor, and the attitude monitoring element is pre-installed at the key stress position of the side wall block, and a side wall real-time attitude digital simulation system is constructed in combination with a BIM model, when the inclination angle exceeds a set threshold, the side wall real-time attitude digital simulation system is adjusted to adjust the verticality deviation by adjusting the actions of the main and auxiliary hooks.

4. The method for installing the prefabricated side wall of the rectangular assembled subway station according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S1, the anti-swing control relies on the frequency conversion motor of the gantry crane and the positioning sensor linkage, and a motion trajectory prediction model is constructed to automatically compensate for the inertial swing during hoisting.

5. The method for installing the prefabricated side wall of the rectangular assembled subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall block and the bottom plate block are connected by a one-way tenon and groove.

6. The method for installing the prefabricated side wall of the rectangular assembled subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the spatial positioning and model comparison are realized by a three-dimensional laser scanning system, and the deviation threshold of the BIM model design coordinates is ±2mm, and when the threshold is exceeded, the control system is automatically adjusted.

7. The method for installing the prefabricated side wall of the rectangular assembled subway station according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S2, the side wall block is lowered to the top of the bottom plate block tenon face by 2cm-5cm through the gantry crane, then the three-dimensional laser scanning system of the assembly trolley operation platform is started, the spatial coordinate data of the side wall block is continuously collected and compared with the BIM model design coordinates in real time, when the verticality deviation exceeds the threshold, the system automatically generates quantitative adjustment instructions, and automatically corrects the action through the trolley control system, after the positioning accuracy meets the standard, the side wall block is continuously lowered until the bottom plate block tenon is completely embedded in the side wall block groove, and the initial positioning is completed.

8. The method for installing the prefabricated side wall of the rectangular assembled subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limited space in step S3 is the fat groove between the side wall block and the diaphragm wall, the fat groove width is 250mm, and the force transmission device is installed in the middle of the water-facing surface of the side wall block.

9. The method for installing the prefabricated side wall of the rectangular assembled subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the tensioning member is a finished rolled threaded steel, one end is connected to a counterforce frame locking device, and the other end is fixed by a nut self-locking; The hierarchical tensioning includes a pre-tensioning stage and a final tensioning stage, the pre-tensioning stage is tensioned at 50% design force, the final tensioning stage is tensioned at 100% design force, stress distribution is monitored through a stress sensor during the tensioning process, when the difference of local stress concentration is greater than 10%, the tensioning force of the corresponding reserved hole is adjusted, after the tensioning force reaches the design value, a special locking sleeve is used for locking, and the side wall block and the bottom plate block are finally fastened through bolt connection.

10. The method for installing a rectangular assembled subway station precast side wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the predetermined construction condition is that the second steel support corresponding to the position is removed, and the connection structure between the subsequent ring side wall block and the bottom plate block and the installed side wall block is a bidirectional tenon and groove connection.

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