Experimental equipment for oil-gas migration of complex fault block oil reservoir

Abstract

The invention discloses complex fault block oil reservoir oil-gas migration experiment equipment which comprises an oil tank, an oil outlet pipe, an experiment cabin, a temperature control device, an oil pump and an oil return pipe. The oil tank outlet is connected with the oil outlet pipe, and the oil tank inlet is connected with the oil return pipe; the oil outlet pipe is connected with a plurality of branch pipes in parallel, and each branch pipe is provided with an oil pump and an experiment module; the other end of the oil pump is connected with one end of the experiment cabin; the other end of the experiment cabin is connected with the oil return pipe; and the temperature control device is arranged on the experiment module and is connected with the experiment module. By arranging a plurality of experiment cabins and temperature control devices, distribution of complex fault block oil reservoirs with different geological characteristics at different temperatures is simulated, the change of petroleum under formation pressure is simulated by adjusting the flow and pressure of an oil pump, and the diversity and authenticity of test data are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas migration, and particularly relates to a complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] In order to deeply understand the oil and gas migration law of complex fault block reservoirs with different geological characteristics and improve the recovery efficiency of the reservoir, it is necessary to simulate the oil and gas migration of complex fault block reservoirs at the beginning of exploitation. At present, when the simulation test of the oil and gas migration of complex fault block reservoirs is carried out, the simulation effect is low in reality, and the exploitation efficiency of the complex fault block reservoir under different geological characteristics cannot be accurately measured. Therefore, a new simulation experiment device is urgently needed. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present application discloses a complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental equipment, which comprises: an oil tank, an oil outlet pipe, an experimental cabin, a temperature control device, an oil pump and an oil return pipe.

[0004] The oil tank outlet is connected with the oil outlet pipe, and the inlet is connected with the oil return pipe.

[0005] The oil outlet pipe is connected with multiple branch pipes in parallel, and each branch pipe is provided with an oil pump and an experimental cabin.

[0006] One end of the oil pump is connected with the oil outlet pipe, and the other end is connected with one end of the experimental cabin.

[0007] The other end of the experimental cabin is connected with the oil return pipe.

[0008] The temperature control device is arranged on the experimental cabin and connected with the experimental cabin.

[0009] Further, it further comprises a control valve and a speed meter.

[0010] One end of the control valve is connected with the oil outlet pipe, and the other end is connected with the oil pump.

[0011] One end of the speed meter is connected with the experimental cabin, and the other end is connected with the oil return pipe.

[0012] Further, the experimental cabin comprises a cabin body, a cover, a temperature adjusting section, a pressure head, an extension rod, a guide column and a flow guide plate.

[0013] The upper end of the cabin body is provided with a cover, and the lower end is provided with a temperature adjusting section.

[0014] The cover is coaxially fixed with a guide column.

[0015] The pressure head is arranged below the cover and is sleeved on the lower end of the guide column.

[0016] The lower end of the guide column is fixedly provided with a baffle, and the baffle is arranged in the pressure head.

[0017] Two ends of the telescopic rod are respectively hinged with the cover and the pressure head;

[0018] The flow guide plate is fixedly installed on the cabin body and located on the temperature adjusting section; the flow guide plate and the pressure head form a sample placement cavity;

[0019] A plurality of through holes are arranged on the flow guide plate.

[0020] Further, the experiment cabin further comprises a fixed ring and a flexible cylinder;

[0021] The fixed ring is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the top end of the flow guide plate;

[0022] The flexible cylinder is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the fixed ring.

[0023] Further, the experiment cabin further comprises an anti-skid column;

[0024] A plurality of anti-skid columns are evenly arranged between the flexible cylinder and the cabin body;

[0025] One end of the anti-skid column is connected with the flexible cylinder, and the other end is connected with the cabin body.

[0026] Further, the temperature adjusting section comprises a partition plate, a temperature adjusting cylinder and a guide ring;

[0027] The temperature adjusting section is provided with the partition plate, and the partition plate is located above the bottom surface of the cabin body;

[0028] A plurality of temperature adjusting cylinders are coaxially arranged on the top surface of the partition plate;

[0029] A plurality of guide rings are longitudinally and alternately arranged between adjacent surfaces of the temperature adjusting cylinders.

[0030] Further, the anti-skid column comprises a cylinder body, a column head and a buffer spring;

[0031] The cylinder body is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the cabin body;

[0032] The column head is slidably arranged in the cylinder body;

[0033] The buffer spring is arranged between the column head and the cylinder body.

[0034] Further, the pressure head comprises a shell, a supporting spring, a resistance increasing strip, an oil outlet hole and a sliding cavity;

[0035] The shell is in the shape of a cylinder and internally provided with the sliding cavity;

[0036] The baffle is arranged in the sliding cavity, and the supporting spring is arranged between the baffle and the shell;

[0037] A plurality of resistance increasing strips are evenly arranged on the bottom surface of the shell;

[0038] The oil outlet holes are arranged on the top surface and the bottom surface of the shell.

[0039] Further, the resistance increasing strips are S-shaped.

[0040] Further, a temperature detection unit is arranged at the upper end of the cabin.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application has at least the following advantages: by arranging multiple experimental cabins and temperature control devices, the distribution of complex fault block reservoirs with different geological characteristics under different temperatures is simulated, the change of oil under formation pressure is simulated by adjusting the flow and pressure of the oil pump, and the diversity and authenticity of the test data are improved; the change of pore pressure is simulated by arranging a rotatable pressing pressure head, the influence of the change of pore pressure on the mining efficiency of complex fault block reservoirs with different geological characteristics is collected, and the exploration and development of complex fault block reservoirs have important guiding significance.

[0042] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the description, or can be learned by practice of the present application. The objects and other advantages of the present application will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0044] Figure 1 Fig. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental equipment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 2 Fig. 2 shows a structural schematic diagram of an experimental cabin according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 3 Fig. 3 shows a structural schematic diagram of a pressure head according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 4 Fig. 4 shows a structural schematic diagram of an anti-skid column according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Mark No. : 1, oil tank; 2, oil outlet pipe; 3, experiment cabin; 31, cabin body; 32, cover; 33, temperature adjusting section; 34, pressure head; 35, fixing ring; 36, flexible cylinder; 37, telescopic rod; 38, guide column; 39, anti-skid column; 310, flow guide plate; 331, partition plate; 332, temperature adjusting cylinder; 333, guide ring; 341, shell; 342, supporting spring; 343, resistance increasing strip; 344, oil outlet hole; 345, sliding cavity; 381, baffle; 391, cylinder body; 392, column head; 393, buffer spring; 4, temperature control device; 5, control valve; 6, oil pump; 7, oil return pipe; 8, speedometer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of the complex fault block oil reservoir oil and gas migration experiment equipment according to the embodiments of the present application is shown. As shown in the figure, the complex fault block oil reservoir oil and gas migration experiment equipment provided by the present application comprises an oil tank 1, an oil outlet pipe 2, an experiment cabin 3, a temperature control device 4, a control valve 5, an oil pump 6, an oil return pipe 7 and a speedometer 8. Figure 1

[0051] The side outlet and the upper end inlet of the oil tank 1 are respectively connected with the oil outlet pipe 2 and the oil return pipe 7, a plurality of branch pipes are connected in parallel with the oil outlet pipe 2, each of the branch pipes is connected with the experiment cabin 3 (i.e. the oil outlet pipe 2 is connected with the bottom of the experiment cabin 3), the upper part of each of the experiment cabins 3 is communicated with the oil return pipe 7, each of the branch pipes is provided with the control valve 5 and the oil pump 6, each of the experiment cabins 3 is provided with the speedometer 8 at the connection position with the oil return pipe 7, the temperature control device 4 is arranged on the side wall of the experiment cabin 3, and the temperature control device 4 is connected with the temperature adjusting section 33 of the experiment cabin 3.

[0052] For example, the oil outlet pipe 2, the control valve 5, the oil pump 6 and the bottom of the experiment cabin 3 are sequentially connected.

[0053] The oil tank 1 is used for storing petroleum for simulation experiment.

[0054] The oil outlet pipe 2 is used for conveying the petroleum to the experiment cabin 3.

[0055] The experiment cabin 3 is used for simulating the distribution of the complex fault block oil reservoir with different geological characteristics under different temperatures.

[0056] ​A temperature control device 4 is arranged to control the ambient temperature in the experimental chamber 3.

[0057] A control valve 5 is arranged to control the opening or closing of the oil outlet pipe 2.

[0058] An oil pump 6 is arranged to input oil of different pressures into the experimental chambers 3.

[0059] An oil return pipe 7 is arranged to return the oil flowing out of the experimental chambers 3 to the oil tank 1.

[0060] A flowmeter 8 is arranged to measure the oil extraction rate under different simulated conditions.

[0061] For example, the complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental equipment is arranged with three branch pipes, and each branch pipe is provided with one experimental chamber 3.

[0062] Although the above describes an example of arranging three parallel branch pipes, the present application is not limited thereto, and a plurality of branch pipes, such as four branch pipes, five branch pipes, or six branch pipes, can be arranged, and the number of parallel branch pipes can be arranged according to actual conditions and requirements by those skilled in the art, as long as the simulation purpose of the present application can be achieved.

[0063] It should be explained that in the initial state, the cylindrical fault blocks taken from the oil well are filled into the experimental chamber 3 according to their distribution state, and then the oil pump 6, the control valve 5 and the temperature control device 4 are started, the oil pump 6 inputs oil of a certain pressure into the experimental chamber 3, and the temperature control device 4 heats the oil to simulate the influence of different ambient temperatures on the oil extraction efficiency of the complex fault block, and the complex fault blocks taken from the oil well are restored to the distribution characteristics of the complex fault blocks in the well by being filled into the experimental chamber 3 according to their distribution, so as to simulate the distribution of reservoir fault blocks with different geological characteristics and improve the accuracy of experimental data.

[0064] The complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental equipment of the present application simulates the distribution of complex fault block reservoirs with different geological characteristics under different temperatures by arranging a plurality of experimental chambers 3 and temperature control devices 4, adjusts the flow and pressure of the oil pump 6 to simulate the change of oil under the formation pressure, and improves the diversity and authenticity of the test data.

[0065] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of an experimental chamber according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the experimental chamber 3 comprises:

[0066] A chamber body 31 is provided with a cover 32 at the upper end, the lower end of the cover 32 is coaxially fixed with a guide column 38, and the lower end of the chamber body 31 is provided with a temperature adjusting section 33.

[0067] a pressing head 34, which is sleeved on the lower end of the guide column 38 below the cover 32, and the lower end of the guide column 38 is fixed with a baffle 381, and the baffle 381 is arranged inside the pressing head 34;

[0068] a plurality of telescopic rods 37, which are arranged obliquely between the cover 32 and the pressing head 34, and the two ends of the telescopic rod 37 are respectively ball-hinged with the lower end of the cover 32 and the upper end of the pressing head 34, so that the pressing head 34 can be moved up and down and rotated by controlling the telescopic rod 37; and

[0069] a flow guide plate 310, which is fixedly installed on the cabin 31 and located at the upper end of the temperature adjusting section 33, and a sample placement cavity is formed between the flow guide plate 310 and the pressing head 34, and a plurality of apertures are arranged on the flow guide plate 310.

[0070] In some embodiments, a sealing ring is arranged between the cabin 31 and the cover 32 to ensure the sealing between the cabin 31 and the cover 32 and prevent the oil in the cabin 31 from leaking.

[0071] the cabin 31, which is used to provide a place for simulation experiments;

[0072] the cover 32, which is used to seal the cabin 31 to prevent oil leakage;

[0073] the temperature adjusting section 33, which is used to adjust the temperature of the input oil;

[0074] the pressing head 34, which is used to rotate and extrude the fault block to different degrees;

[0075] the telescopic rod 37, which is used to move the pressing head 34 up and down and rotate the pressing head 34;

[0076] the guide column 38, which is used to guide the pressing head 34;

[0077] the flow guide plate 310, which is used to uniformly distribute the heated oil.

[0078] It should be explained that, in the process of oil reservoir exploitation, as the oil and gas are exploited, the pore pressure of the rock layer decreases, the rock fault block is compressed, and the exploitation difficulty increases. By controlling the telescopic rod 37 to extend to drive the pressing head 34 to rotate and extrude the fault block to different degrees, the influence of the decrease of the pore pressure on the exploitation efficiency of the complex fault block reservoir with different geological characteristics is simulated, which has important guiding significance for the exploration and development of the complex fault block reservoir.

[0079] In some embodiments, the experimental cabin 3 further comprises a fixed ring 35, a flexible cylinder 36, and an anti-skid column 39.

[0080] The upper part of the inner wall of the cabin body 31 and the upper end of the flow guide plate 310 are coaxially and fixedly provided with a fixed ring 35, and the inner side of the fixed ring 35 is coaxially and fixedly provided with a flexible cylinder 36, and the flexible cylinder 36 is supported and connected with the cabin body 31 through a plurality of evenly arranged anti-skid columns 39.

[0081] It should be explained that the flexible cylinder 36 is made of high-temperature-resistant elastic material, such as nitrile rubber, which elastically wraps the broken block sample, reduces the gap between the flexible cylinder 36 and the complex broken block, avoids the existence of a large gap between the experimental equipment and the complex broken block, and affects the accuracy of experimental data.

[0082] In some embodiments, a plurality of anti-skid columns 39 are longitudinally and spaced apart between the fixed ring 35 and the flexible cylinder 36, and each circle is horizontally and spaced apart with a plurality of anti-skid columns 39.

[0083] The fixed ring 35 is used for fixing the flexible cylinder 36 to prevent movement;

[0084] The flexible cylinder 36 is used for elastically wrapping the broken block sample;

[0085] The anti-skid column 39 is used for supporting the flexible cylinder 36.

[0086] Further, the flexible cylinder 36 is supported by the anti-skid column 39, the torsional resistance of the broken block sample is improved, the force of the press head 34 directly acts on the inside of the broken block when the press head 34 rotates and presses, and the pore pressure is reduced when the oil reservoir is mined. The simulation is more true and accurate.

[0087] In some embodiments, the temperature adjusting section 33 includes a partition plate 331, a temperature adjusting cylinder 332, and a guide ring 333;

[0088] The temperature adjusting section 33 is provided with a partition plate 331, and the partition plate 331 is spaced apart above the inner bottom surface of the cabin body 31. The upper end of the partition plate 331 is coaxially and spaced apart with a plurality of temperature adjusting cylinders 332. The adjacent surfaces of each temperature adjusting cylinder 332 are longitudinally and alternately spaced apart with a plurality of guide rings 333. The partition plate 331 is provided with a flow channel corresponding to the spacing between each temperature adjusting cylinder 332.

[0089] That is, the guide ring 333 is arranged to improve the temperature guiding effect of the oil flowing through the temperature adjusting section 33.

[0090] The partition plate 331 is used for supporting the temperature adjusting cylinder 332 and isolating heat to avoid overheating of the bottom of the experimental cabin 3;

[0091] The temperature adjusting cylinder 332 is used for adjusting the temperature of the flowing oil;

[0092] The guide ring 333 is used for improving the heat transfer effect.

[0093] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of the anti-skid column according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in the figure, in some embodiments, each of the anti-skid columns 39 comprises a cylinder body 391, a column head 392 and a buffer spring 393. Figure 4

[0094] The cylinder body 391 is fixed on the inner wall of the cabin body 31, and the column head 392 is slidably arranged in the cylinder body 391, and the buffer spring 393 is arranged between the cylinder body 391 and the column head 392.

[0095] The cylinder body 391 is used for connecting the cabin body 31.

[0096] The column head 392 is used for connecting the flexible cylinder 36.

[0097] The buffer spring 393 is used for buffering.

[0098] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of the pressure head according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in the figure, in some embodiments, the pressure head 34 comprises a shell 341, a supporting spring 342, a resistance increasing strip 343, an oil outlet hole 344 and a sliding cavity 345. Figure 3

[0099] The shell 341 is a cylinder, and the sliding cavity 345 is formed in the shell 341. The stop sheet 381 is arranged in the sliding cavity 345, and the supporting spring 342 is arranged between the stop sheet 381 and the shell 341. The shell 341 is uniformly provided with a plurality of S-shaped resistance increasing strips 343 around the axis at the lower end of the shell 341, and the oil outlet hole 344 is formed in the shell 341 in correspondence with the upper and lower parts.

[0100] The resistance increasing strips 343 are arranged to increase the friction when the pressure head 34 is pressed and rotated, avoid the sliding contact between the pressure head 34 and the fault block, and reduce the simulation effect of the device.

[0101] The shell 341 is used for pressing the fault block.

[0102] The supporting spring 342 is used for supporting.

[0103] The resistance increasing strips 343 are used for increasing the friction when the pressure head 34 is pressed and rotated.

[0104] The oil outlet hole 344 is used for the inflow / outflow of oil.

[0105] The sliding cavity 345 is used for arranging the stop sheet 381 and the supporting spring 342.

[0106] The pressure head 34 is arranged to be rotatable and pressable to simulate the change of the pore pressure, collect the influence of the change of the pore pressure on the mining efficiency of the complex fault block reservoir with different geological characteristics, and has important guiding significance for the exploration and development of the complex fault block reservoir. ​​

[0107] In some embodiments, a temperature detecting unit is arranged at the upper end inside the cabin 31.

[0108] It should be explained that, by comparing the real-time monitoring of the temperature of the temperature adjusting section 33 and the upper end inside the cabin 31, it is determined whether the environment temperature inside the cabin 31 reaches the test condition, so as to avoid the influence of the temperature of the fault block reservoir on the test temperature.

[0109] In the specific implementation, the cylindrical fault blocks drilled from the oil well are filled into the experimental cabin 3 according to their distribution state, and then the oil pump 6, the control valve 5 and the temperature control device 4 are started, the oil with different pressures is input into each experimental cabin 3 through the oil pump 6, the oil is heated through the temperature control device 4, the influence of different environment temperatures of different geological characteristics complex fault block reservoirs on the oil extraction efficiency is simulated, and the test data is collected through the tachometer 8.

[0110] Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of experimental cabin and oil tank, including: Oil tank (1), oil outlet pipe (2), experimental cabin (3), temperature control device (4), oil pump (6) and oil return pipe (7); The oil tank (1) outlet is connected with oil outlet pipe (2), and inlet is connected with oil return pipe (7); The oil outlet pipe (2) is connected with multiple branch pipes, and oil pump (6) and experimental cabin (3) are arranged on each branch pipe; The oil pump (6) one end is connected with oil outlet pipe (2), and the other end is connected with one end of experimental cabin (3); The other end of experimental cabin (3) is connected with oil return pipe (7); The temperature control device (4) is arranged on experimental cabin (3), and is connected with experimental cabin (3).

2. The complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Control valve (5) and speedometer (8); The control valve (5) one end is connected with oil outlet pipe (2), and the other end is connected with oil pump (6); The speedometer (8) one end is connected with experimental cabin (3), and the other end is connected with oil return pipe (7).

3. The complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The experimental cabin (3) includes cabin body (31), cover (32), temperature regulating section (33), pressure head (34), telescopic rod (37), guide column (38) and guide vane (310); The upper end of the cabin body (31) is provided with the cover (32), and the lower end is provided with the temperature regulating section (33); The cover (32) is coaxially fixed with the guide column (38); The pressure head (34) is arranged below the cover (32), and is slidably sleeved on the lower end of the guide column (38); The lower end of the guide column (38) is fixedly provided with a baffle (381), and the baffle (381) is arranged in the pressure head (34); The two ends of the telescopic rod (37) are respectively hinged with the cover (32) and the pressure head (34); The guide vane (310) is fixedly installed on the cabin body (31), and located on the temperature regulating section (33);The guide vane (310) and the pressure head (34) form a sample placement cavity; A plurality of through holes are formed in the guide vane (310).

4. The complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The experimental cabin (3) further includes a fixed ring (35) and a flexible cylinder (36); The upper part of the cabin body (31) and the top end of the guide vane (310) are coaxially fixed with the fixed ring (35); The inside of the fixed ring (35) is coaxially fixed with the flexible cylinder (36).

5. The complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The experimental cabin (3) further includes an anti-skid column (39); A plurality of anti-skid columns (39) are evenly arranged between the flexible cylinder (36) and the cabin body (31); One end of the anti-skid column (39) is connected with the flexible cylinder (36), and the other end is connected with the cabin body (31).

6. The complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The temperature regulating section (33) includes a partition (331), a temperature regulating cylinder (332) and a guide ring (333); The temperature regulating section (33) is provided with a partition (331), and the partition (331) is located above the bottom surface of the cabin body (31); A plurality of temperature regulating cylinders (332) are coaxially arranged on the top surface of the partition (331); A plurality of guide rings (333) are longitudinally and alternately arranged between adjacent surfaces of the temperature regulating cylinders (332).

7. The complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The anti-skid column (39) includes a cylinder body (391), a column head (392) and a buffer spring (393); The cylinder body (391) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the cabin body (31). A cylindrical head (392) is slidably arranged in the barrel (391); A buffer spring (393) is arranged between the cylindrical head (392) and the barrel (391).

8. The complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressing head (34) comprises a shell (341), a supporting spring (342), a resistance increasing strip (343), an oil outlet hole (344) and a sliding cavity (345); The shell (341) is a cylinder, and the sliding cavity (345) is arranged in the shell (341); The baffle (381) is arranged in the sliding cavity (345), and the supporting spring (342) is arranged between the baffle (381) and the shell (341); A plurality of resistance increasing strips (343) are uniformly arranged on the bottom surface of the shell (341); The oil outlet holes (344) are correspondingly arranged on the top surface and the bottom surface of the shell (341).

9. The complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The resistance increasing strips (343) are S-shaped.

10. The complex fault block reservoir oil and gas migration experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The temperature detection unit is arranged at the upper end of the inner portion of the cabin body (31).

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