Positioning key and positioning method for positioning nozzle ring in horizontal direction
The positioning key, composed of a partition positioning block, a housing positioning block, and mounting bolts, combined with a dummy shaft support fixture, achieves efficient horizontal positioning of the nozzle ring, solving the problem of multiple disassembly and reassembly and grinding in the existing technology, and improving the pneumatic efficiency and stability of the expander.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511319144.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing technology requires multiple disassembly and reassembly of the positioning key and multiple grinding operations when positioning the nozzle ring in the horizontal direction, which results in high time and cost, and is prone to errors, affecting the pneumatic efficiency and stable operation of the expander.
The positioning key, consisting of a partition positioning block, a housing positioning block, mounting bolts, and locking screws, combined with a dummy shaft support fixture, allows the nozzle ring position to be adjusted via the dummy shaft. The positioning key only needs to be ground once to ensure that the horizontal clearance meets the design requirements.
This reduces the number of times the positioning key needs to be ground, saving costs and time, and ensures the horizontal clearance between the nozzle ring and the rotor, thereby improving the pneumatic efficiency and stable operation of the expander.
Smart Images
Figure CN120968758A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of expander, in particular to a positioning key and positioning method for horizontal positioning of a nozzle ring. BACKGROUND
[0002] The organic working medium expander is a rotary power machine for converting the energy of organic working medium into mechanical work, and is mainly used for low-temperature heat recovery power generation.
[0003] The nozzle ring of the organic working medium expander is a static vane row in the expander, which, together with a dynamic vane row, constitutes the most basic working unit. The nozzle ring and the dynamic vane row are sequentially and spaced arranged in the expander in the order of the nozzle ring in front and the dynamic vane row in back. The nozzle ring is used to convert the heat energy of the through-flow medium into kinetic energy, and then the kinetic energy is converted into mechanical energy of a rotor in the dynamic vane row to drive a generator to generate electricity.
[0004] The size of the dynamic and static gap is one of the key factors affecting the aerodynamic efficiency of the organic working medium expander. If the dynamic and static gap is too large, the aerodynamic efficiency will be greatly reduced. If the dynamic and static gap is too small, contact wear may occur during operation, which may increase vibration, and in severe cases, may cause blade fracture, impeller damage, and nozzle diaphragm deformation. Therefore, it is very important for the unit to ensure that the nozzle ring center is located in the axial center of the unit, and the axial gap between the nozzle ring and the moving blade grid and the radial gap with the rotor are within the design range. When positioning the nozzle ring, the gap between the nozzle ring and the ring groove is designed to have a gap fit in the axial direction, and the gap available for the axial movement of the nozzle ring is much smaller than the axial dynamic and static gap with the moving blade grid, which will not have an impact, and the axial position can be easily determined. In order to reduce the leakage loss and improve the aerodynamic efficiency, the gap value is generally designed to be 0.2-0.3mm on one side. When positioning the nozzle ring in the radial direction, the gap values in the vertical and horizontal directions need to be measured respectively. There are various positioning methods for the vertical direction, such as the lead wire pressing method, which can determine the vertical gap by the amount of extrusion of the lead wire pressed by the rotor, and then adjust and position. The positioning key located at the bottom of the nozzle ring is generally used for adjusting and positioning in the horizontal direction. A special false shaft tool is used to measure the distance between the nozzle ring in the horizontal direction and the shaft center, and the horizontal offset of the nozzle ring is confirmed by comparison. Then, the size of the positioning key is precisely ground according to the data, and then the positioning key is reassembled. Due to measurement errors, assembly errors, etc., errors will occur when reassembling and measuring, and repeated measurement work is required. When the offset meets the design requirements, the positioning key remains unchanged, and the horizontal positioning is completed. Although this method can position in the horizontal direction, it requires multiple positioning keys and multiple disassembly and assembly of the positioning key, and multiple precise grinding. Each positioning key can only be ground once, and the time for each grinding is long and prone to errors, resulting in repeated work, high cost, long time consumption, and potential delay in production cycle. Therefore, how to reduce the number of repeated disassembly and assembly and grinding is crucial for the horizontal positioning of the nozzle ring. SUMMARY
[0005] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a positioning key and positioning method for horizontal positioning of a nozzle ring, which saves time and processing costs.
[0006] The purpose of the present application is achieved as follows: A positioning key for horizontal positioning of a nozzle ring, comprising a diaphragm positioning block, a shell positioning block, a mounting bolt, and a locking screw, the mounting bolt having a nut and a screw rod, the outer periphery of the diaphragm positioning block, the shell positioning block, and the nut of the mounting bolt each having a symmetrically arranged positioning surface, The lower end surface of the partition plate positioning block and the upper end surface of the shell positioning block are matched by a sliding groove structure, the axial position of the partition plate positioning block is provided with a threaded hole, the upper part of the shell positioning block is provided with a strip-shaped hole, the strip-shaped hole on the shell positioning block is used for allowing the installation bolt to pass, the extension direction of the strip-shaped hole is the same as the sliding direction of the sliding groove structure, the positioning surfaces on the partition plate positioning block, the shell positioning block and the installation bolt correspond to the longitudinal two ends of the strip-shaped hole, the lower part of the shell positioning block is provided with a counterbore, the screw rod of the installation bolt passes through the strip-shaped hole and is threadedly matched with the threaded hole on the partition plate positioning block, the screw rod of the installation bolt extends upward out of the threaded hole on the partition plate positioning block, the nut of the installation bolt is located in the counterbore as a whole, the two positioning surfaces on the nut of the installation bolt and the hole wall provided with a positioning surface of the counterbore leave an adjusting gap, and the hole wall provided with a positioning surface of the counterbore is threadedly matched with the locking screw. The nozzle ring bottom is provided with a straight groove, the groove bottom at the upper end of the straight groove is provided with a connecting screw hole, the screw rod of the installation bolt is threadedly matched in the connecting screw hole, the two positioning surfaces of the partition plate positioning block are used for matching and positioning with the two side groove walls of the straight groove, the arc-shaped bottom in the shell is provided with a groove, and the two positioning surfaces of the shell positioning block are used for matching and positioning with the two side groove walls of the groove.
[0007] Preferably, the installation bolt is an internal hexagonal bolt.
[0008] Preferably, the lower end surface of the partition plate positioning block is provided with a sliding groove, the upper end surface of the shell positioning block is provided with a sliding block, and the sliding block is slidingly matched in the sliding groove, so as to form the sliding groove structure.
[0009] A nozzle ring positioning method based on a positioning key for horizontal positioning of a nozzle ring, Preparation of a dummy shaft and a dummy shaft supporting tool, the dummy shaft supporting tool comprising a supporting plate, a dummy shaft supporting block, a vertical adjusting block and a horizontal adjusting block, the dummy shaft supporting block is in a semi-ring shape with an opening upward, the dummy shaft supporting block is arranged on the upper end of the supporting plate, the lower end of the supporting plate is a supporting end, the lower end of the supporting plate is used for being fixed on the end surface of the shell by a bolt, the vertical adjusting block and the horizontal adjusting block are respectively arranged on the supporting plate, the number of the horizontal adjusting blocks is two, the two horizontal adjusting blocks are located at the two ends of the dummy shaft supporting block, a horizontal adjusting screw is respectively arranged on each horizontal adjusting block, the horizontal adjusting screw is used for adjusting the horizontal position of the dummy shaft supporting block, the vertical adjusting block is located at the lower end of the dummy shaft supporting block, a vertical adjusting screw is arranged on the vertical adjusting block, the vertical adjusting screw is used for adjusting the vertical position of the dummy shaft supporting block, and the two ends of the dummy shaft are respectively provided with supporting positions, the supporting positions are in the form of stepped shafts, and the supporting positions are used for being supported on the dummy shaft supporting block and can be axially positioned. Install the dummy shaft support tool on both sides of the casing, then place the lower part of the casing on a horizontal plane, keep the middle surface of the casing horizontal by using a level, place the support position of the dummy shaft on the dummy shaft support block of the dummy shaft support tool on both sides, place a micrometer on one end of the dummy shaft, the pointer of the micrometer contacts the inner arc of the casing, rotate the dummy shaft, measure the gap values between the center of the dummy shaft and the left side, the right side and the lower side of the casing by the reading of the micrometer, and mark them as a0, b0 and c0 respectively, adjust the position of the dummy shaft by adjusting the adjusting screws on the vertical adjusting block and the horizontal adjusting block, and finally make the difference between a0, b0 and c0 reach the required value; adjust the micrometer to the other end of the dummy shaft, measure and adjust again by the micrometer, and make the difference between a0, b0 and c0 reach the required value again, after the position of the dummy shaft is determined, the axial center line of the dummy shaft is offset from the axial center line of the casing to reach the required value; Remove the dummy shaft, measure the size of the straight groove at the bottom of the nozzle ring and the size of the groove of the casing, then match the grinding of the partition positioning block of the positioning key and the casing positioning block, then install the positioning key on the nozzle ring, and install the nozzle ring in the casing; Put the dummy shaft back on the dummy shaft support tool, place a micrometer on the dummy shaft, the pointer of the micrometer contacts the inner hole of the nozzle ring, rotate the dummy shaft, and obtain the distances a1 and b1 between the dummy shaft and the left side and the right side of the nozzle ring respectively, calculate the absolute value of a1-b1, if it meets the requirements, no further adjustment is needed, if it does not meet the requirements, adjustment is needed, and the adjustment method is as follows: Remove the dummy shaft and the nozzle ring, offset the casing positioning block of the positioning key to the side of the larger one of a1 and b1, the offset amount is half of the difference between the two, after the offset, lock the mounting bolts, and lock the relative position of the casing positioning block and the partition positioning block by using the locking screws, then install the nozzle ring into the casing, place the dummy shaft on the dummy shaft support tool, measure the values of a1 and b1 again, and perform multiple times according to the requirements until the requirements are met.
[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, the present application has the following beneficial effects: By using the positioning key and the positioning method, the positioning key is only matched and ground at the beginning, and repeated matching and grinding is not needed, the matching and grinding time is reduced, only one positioning key is needed, and the cost is saved. The special tool combination and the positioning method ensure the horizontal gap between the nozzle ring and the rotor of the expander, avoid the dynamic and static gap deviation caused by machining and assembly, greatly ensure the pneumatic efficiency and stable operation, and also solve the difficult problem of horizontal positioning and adjustment of the nozzle ring of the expander. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0011] Figure 1a It is a structural schematic view of the positioning key; Figure 1b It is an installation schematic view of the positioning key; Figure 2aThe figure is a schematic diagram of the false shaft supporting tool; Figure 2b The figure is a schematic diagram of the false shaft; Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the false shaft adjustment; Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the nozzle ring horizontal positioning. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0012] Referring to Fig. 1, a positioning key for nozzle ring horizontal positioning solves the difficulty of nozzle ring horizontal positioning.
[0013] The structure of the positioning key is composed of a partition plate positioning block 1, a shell positioning block 2, an (internal hexagonal) mounting bolt 3, and a locking screw 4. The partition plate positioning block 1 and the shell positioning block 2 are fixed in the straight groove at the bottom of the nozzle ring by the mounting bolt 3. The partition plate positioning block 1 is clamped on both sides of the straight groove, and the hole at the center is a threaded hole matched with the mounting bolt 3. The shell positioning block 2 is clamped in the shell groove on both sides, and the center is a counterbore with a large single-sided gap with the mounting bolt 3. The partition plate positioning block 1 and the shell positioning block 2 are in contact through the sliding groove structure, so the nozzle ring can move freely in the horizontal direction on both sides. At the same time, there is a threaded hole on both sides of the shell positioning block 2 in the horizontal direction, and the thread is consistent with the locking screw. The locking screw 4 is in the form of an internal hexagonal cylindrical end set screw. The length of the locking screw 4 is prepared and ground according to actual needs, so that when the front end of the locking screw 4 is in contact with the mounting bolt 3, the rear end is still in the threaded hole and cannot exceed the shell positioning block 2, as shown in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1a 、 1b .
[0014] The positioning method involves special tools such as a false shaft and a false shaft supporting tool, as shown in the accompanying drawings. Figure 2a 、 2b . The false shaft supporting tool includes a support plate, a false shaft supporting block, a vertical adjustment block, and a horizontal adjustment block. The support plate is the main body, and the false shaft supporting block, the vertical adjustment block, and the horizontal adjustment block are installed on the support plate. The lower side of the support plate is processed with a hole and matched with a corresponding bolt for installation on the shell.
[0015] The positioning method of the nozzle ring is as follows: Firstly, the dummy shaft support tool is installed on both sides of the shell, and then the lower part of the shell is placed on a horizontal plane. The middle part of the lower part of the shell is kept horizontal by using a level. The support position of the dummy shaft is placed on the dummy shaft support block of the dummy shaft support tool on both sides. A micrometer is placed on one end of the dummy shaft, and the pointer of the micrometer is in contact with the whole circle processing surface (inner arc) on the shell. A steel rod is used to pass through the rotating hole on the dummy shaft. The dummy shaft is rotated, and the clearance values between the center of the dummy shaft and the left side, the right side and the lower side of the shell are measured by the reading of the micrometer, which are recorded as a0, b0 and c0. The position of the dummy shaft is adjusted by adjusting the adjusting screws on the vertical adjusting block and the horizontal adjusting block. Finally, the difference between a0, b0 and c0 is not greater than 0.02 mm. The micrometer is adjusted on the other end of the dummy shaft. The values of a0, b0 and c0 are measured and adjusted again. The difference between a0, b0 and c0 is not greater than 0.02 mm again. The position of the dummy shaft is determined. The axial center line of the dummy shaft is offset from the axial center line of the shell by less than 0.02 mm. As shown in FIG. 2, the position of the dummy shaft is determined. Figure 3 .
[0016] After the position of the dummy shaft is determined, the dummy shaft is removed. The horizontal dimensions of the straight grooves at the bottom of the nozzle ring to be adjusted are measured respectively, and the horizontal dimensions of the shell grooves at the corresponding positions on the shell are measured. Then, the partition positioning block of the positioning key and the shell positioning block are matched and ground, so that the dimensions are one-to-one corresponding, and the deviation is within 0.02 mm. After the matching and grinding are completed, the positioning key is installed on the nozzle ring according to the center symmetry, and then the nozzle ring is installed on the lower part of the shell. As shown in FIG. 3, the nozzle ring is installed on the lower part of the shell. Figure 1b .
[0017] After the nozzle ring is placed in position, the dummy shaft is placed on the dummy shaft support tool again. The micrometer is placed on the nozzle ring, and the pointer is in contact with the inner hole of the nozzle ring. The dummy shaft is rotated to obtain the distances a1 and b1 on the left side and the right side respectively. The absolute value of a1-b1 is calculated. If the absolute value is less than 0.1, the requirement is met, and no further adjustment is needed. If the absolute value is greater than 0.1, adjustment is needed. The dummy shaft and the nozzle ring are removed. The shell positioning block of the positioning key is offset to the side with the larger value of a1 and b1 by half of the difference between a1 and b1. After the offset is completed, the mounting bolts are locked and tightened, and the relative position of the shell positioning block and the partition positioning block is fixed. Then, the nozzle ring is installed on the lower part of the shell, and the dummy shaft is placed on the dummy shaft support tool. The values of a1 and b1 are measured again. The above steps are repeated until the absolute value of a1-b1 is less than 0.1.
[0018] Through the above steps, the positioning of the nozzle ring in the horizontal direction of the expander is completed.
[0019] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A positioning key for horizontal positioning of a nozzle ring, characterized in that: The installation bolt has a nut and a screw rod, the partition positioning block, the shell positioning block and the installation bolt nut are all provided with symmetrical positioning surfaces on the outer circumferential surface, The lower end surface of the partition positioning block and the upper end surface of the shell positioning block are matched through a sliding groove structure, the axial position of the partition positioning block is provided with a threaded hole, the upper part of the shell positioning block is provided with a strip-shaped hole, the strip-shaped hole on the shell positioning block is used for allowing the installation bolt to pass, the extension direction of the strip-shaped hole is the same as the sliding direction of the sliding groove structure, the positioning surfaces on the partition positioning block, the shell positioning block and the installation bolt correspond to the longitudinal two ends of the strip-shaped hole, the lower part of the shell positioning block is provided with a counterbore, the screw rod of the installation bolt passes through the strip-shaped hole and is screwed with the threaded hole on the partition positioning block, the screw rod of the installation bolt extends upwards out of the threaded hole on the partition positioning block, the nut of the installation bolt is located in the counterbore as a whole, the two positioning surfaces on the nut of the installation bolt are left with an adjusting gap between the hole walls provided with positioning surfaces of the counterbore, and the hole walls provided with positioning surfaces of the counterbore are respectively screwed with the locking screws; The bottom of the nozzle ring is provided with a straight groove, the groove bottom at the upper end of the straight groove is provided with a connecting screw hole, the screw rod of the installation bolt is screwed in the connecting screw hole, the two positioning surfaces of the partition positioning block are used for matching and positioning with the two side groove walls of the straight groove, the arc-shaped bottom in the shell is provided with a groove, and the two positioning surfaces of the shell positioning block are used for matching and positioning with the two side groove walls of the groove, the positions of the shell positioning block are adjusted and locked through the two locking screws, and then the relative position relationship between the nozzle ring and the shell is adjusted.
2. The positioning key for horizontal positioning of a nozzle ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation bolt is an internal hexagonal bolt.
3. The positioning key for horizontal positioning of a nozzle ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end surface of the partition positioning block is provided with a sliding groove, the upper end surface of the shell positioning block is provided with a sliding block, the sliding block is slidingly matched in the sliding groove, and the sliding groove structure is formed.
4. A nozzle ring positioning method based on the positioning key for horizontally positioning the nozzle ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dummy shaft and a dummy shaft supporting tool are prepared, the dummy shaft supporting tool comprises a supporting plate, a dummy shaft supporting block, a vertical adjusting block and a horizontal adjusting block, the dummy shaft supporting block is in a half-ring shape with an opening upward, the dummy shaft supporting block is arranged on the upper end of the supporting plate, the lower end of the supporting plate is a supporting end, the lower end of the supporting plate is used for being fixed on the end surface of the shell through a bolt, the vertical adjusting block and the horizontal adjusting block are respectively arranged on the supporting plate, the number of the horizontal adjusting blocks is two, the two horizontal adjusting blocks are arranged at the two ends of the dummy shaft supporting block, a horizontal adjusting screw is arranged on each horizontal adjusting block, the horizontal adjusting screw is used for adjusting the horizontal position of the dummy shaft supporting block, the vertical adjusting block is arranged at the lower end of the dummy shaft supporting block, a vertical adjusting screw is arranged on the vertical adjusting block, the vertical adjusting screw is used for adjusting the vertical position of the dummy shaft supporting block, and the two ends of the dummy shaft are respectively provided with supporting positions, the supporting positions are in the form of stepped shafts, and the supporting positions are used for being supported on the dummy shaft supporting block and can be axially positioned. Install the dummy shaft support tool on both sides of the shell, and then place the lower part of the shell on the horizontal plane. Keep the middle surface of the shell horizontal by using the level, and place the support position of the dummy shaft on the dummy shaft support block of the dummy shaft support tool on both sides. Place the dial indicator on one end of the dummy shaft, and make the pointer of the dial indicator contact the inner arc of the shell. Rotate the dummy shaft, and measure the gap values between the center of the dummy shaft and the left side, the right side and the bottom of the shell by using the reading of the dial indicator, and record them as a0, b0 and c0 respectively. Adjust the positions of the dummy shaft by adjusting the adjusting screws on the vertical adjusting block and the horizontal adjusting block, and finally make the difference values of a0, b0 and c0 reach the required values. Adjust the dial indicator to the other end of the dummy shaft, and then measure and adjust again by using the dial indicator, so as to make the difference values of a0, b0 and c0 reach the required values again. After the position of the dummy shaft is determined, the axial center line of the dummy shaft is offset from the axial center line of the shell by a required value. Remove the dummy shaft, measure the size of the straight groove at the bottom of the nozzle ring and the size of the groove of the shell, and then grind the partition positioning block of the positioning key and the shell positioning block. Then, install the positioning key on the nozzle ring, and install the nozzle ring in the shell. Put the dummy shaft back on the dummy shaft support tool, and place the dial indicator on the dummy shaft. Make the pointer of the dial indicator contact the inner hole of the nozzle ring, and rotate the dummy shaft. Then, obtain the distances a1 and b1 between the dummy shaft and the left side and the right side of the nozzle ring respectively, and calculate the absolute value of a1-b1. If the absolute value meets the requirements, no further adjustment is needed. If the absolute value does not meet the requirements, adjust the absolute value by the following method: Remove the dummy shaft and the nozzle ring, and offset the shell positioning block of the positioning key to the side of the larger one of a1 and b1 by half of the difference value between a1 and b1. After the offset, lock the mounting bolts, and lock the relative positions of the shell positioning block and the partition positioning block by using the locking screws. Then, install the nozzle ring in the shell, and place the dummy shaft on the dummy shaft support tool. Measure the values of a1 and b1 again, and repeat the measurement until the values of a1 and b1 meet the requirements.