Bionic energy absorption structure and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic energy absorption structure and device, and relates to the technical field of energy absorption and shock absorption, the bionic energy absorption structure comprises a shell internally provided with a cavity, the diameter of the cavity is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends, the side wall of the shell is provided with a communicating groove communicating with the outside and the cavity, the small-diameter end of the cavity is located on the attacking face of the shell, and the small-diameter end of the cavity is located on the attacking face of the shell. The diameters of the cavities are gradually reduced from the middle of the shell to the two ends of the shell, the small-diameter ends of the cavities are located on the attacking face of the shell, the gradient distribution enables the structure to sequentially generate progressive buckling deformation and layer-by-layer energy dissipation under the impact load, sudden breakage caused by stress concentration is avoided, and the small-diameter ends of the cavities are located on the attacking face. The large-diameter end provides a larger deformation space, the overall energy absorption capacity is enhanced, the anti-impact efficiency can be remarkably improved, in the impact process, gas in the cavity is directionally exhausted through the communicating groove, and the situation that due to sudden rising of the pressure of the cavity, the shell bursts, external media reversely flow in during unloading, and the auxiliary structure rebounds is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy absorption and shock absorption, and particularly relates to a bionic energy absorption structure and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The common sandwich protective structure at home and abroad has problems of insufficient resistance to impact, shock absorption and energy absorption when high-speed collision occurs, thus causing safety hazards. With the progress of society, people pay more and more attention to the environment and sustainable development, and thus lightweight design of the structure to reduce fuel consumption has become a focus of attention. The bionic energy absorption structure and device imitate the microstructure or macrostructure characteristics of organisms such as honeycomb, bamboo and bone, and realize efficient energy absorption by using porous, layered, spiral or gradient design. Common forms include honeycomb materials, multi-layer composite structures or 3D printed lattice structures, which dissipate impact energy through material deformation, fracture or friction. Although the bionic energy absorption structure and device has high specific stiffness, stress concentration easily occurs in the thin-walled or thin-rod units under impact, and thus the bionic energy absorption structure and device has problems of insufficient resistance to impact, shock absorption and energy absorption, thus causing safety hazards.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to develop and design the bionic energy absorption structure and device, which has good energy absorption effect, strong impact resistance and excellent mechanical properties. It is a technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a bionic energy absorption structure and device, which has good energy absorption effect, strong impact resistance and excellent mechanical properties.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following solutions.

[0006] A bionic energy absorption structure comprises a shell with a cavity gradually decreasing in diameter from the middle to both ends, a communication groove is arranged on the side wall of the shell and communicates with the cavity and the outside, and the small-diameter end of the cavity is located on the impact surface of the shell.

[0007] Preferably, the shell comprises a first energy absorption unit and a second energy absorption unit which are buckled to each other, and the first energy absorption unit and the second energy absorption unit are arranged in a symmetrical structure.

[0008] Preferably, the communication groove is arranged on the buckling surface of the first energy absorption unit and the second energy absorption unit, and a through hole is arranged on the end surface of the first energy absorption unit and the second energy absorption unit and communicates with the cavity and the outside.

[0009] Preferably, the cavity is an ellipsoidal structure, and the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the ellipsoidal structure is 9:4.

[0010] The present invention also discloses a biomimetic energy-absorbing device, which applies the biomimetic energy-absorbing structure described above, including at least two biomimetic energy-absorbing structures arranged in an array, surface layers disposed on the biomimetic energy-absorbing structures at both ends of the impact surface, adjacent biomimetic energy-absorbing structures being in close contact with each other, and the through holes on adjacent biomimetic energy-absorbing structures being interconnected, and the connecting grooves on adjacent biomimetic energy-absorbing structures being interconnected.

[0011] Preferably, an adhesive layer is provided between the biomimetic energy-absorbing structure and the surface layer.

[0012] Preferably, the biomimetic energy-absorbing structure is made of a metal alloy material.

[0013] Preferably, the surface layer is a composite material of carbon fiber and Kevlar fiber.

[0014] Preferably, the adhesive layer is a two-component epoxy resin structural adhesive.

[0015] Preferably, the adjacent biomimetic energy-absorbing structures are integrally formed.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0017] The cavity gradually decreases in diameter from the middle to both ends of the shell, with the smaller diameter end of the cavity located on the impact surface of the shell. This gradient distribution causes the structure to undergo progressive buckling deformation under impact load, dissipating energy layer by layer and avoiding sudden fracture caused by stress concentration. The smaller diameter end, located on the impact surface, preferentially bears the impact force and induces controllable compressive deformation, while the larger diameter end provides greater deformation space, enhancing the overall energy absorption capacity and significantly improving impact resistance efficiency. During the impact, the gas in the cavity is directionally discharged through the connecting groove, preventing the shell from bursting due to a sudden increase in cavity pressure. During unloading, the external medium flows in the reverse direction, assisting the structure in rebounding. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the biomimetic energy absorption device disclosed in this invention;

[0020] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the biomimetic energy-absorbing device disclosed in this invention after removing the surface layer and the adhesive layer;

[0021] Appendix Figure 3The overall structure schematic diagram of the bionic energy absorption structure disclosed by the application;

[0022] The bionic energy absorption structure disclosed by the application is shown in the attached drawings. Figure 4 The perspective structure schematic diagram of the bionic energy absorption structure disclosed by the application is shown in the attached drawings.

[0023] The bionic energy absorption structure disclosed by the application is shown in the attached drawings. Figure 5 The first energy absorption unit structure schematic diagram of the bionic energy absorption structure disclosed by the application is shown in the attached drawings.

[0024] 1, surface layer; 2, adhesive layer; 3, bionic energy absorption structure; 4, shell; 5, communication groove; 6, through hole; 7, cavity; 8, first energy absorption unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0026] The purpose of the application is to provide a bionic energy absorption structure and device, which has good energy absorption effect, strong impact resistance and excellent mechanical properties.

[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, characteristics and advantages of the application more obvious and easy to understand, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] Reference Figures 3-5 The bionic energy absorption structure disclosed in the embodiments of the application at least includes a shell 4, a cavity 7 is formed in the shell 4, the diameter of the cavity 7 gradually decreases from the middle of the shell 4 to both ends, a communication groove 5 for respectively communicating with the outside and the cavity 7 is formed on the side wall of the shell 4, and the small-diameter end of the cavity 7 is located on the impact surface of the shell 4. Through the cavity 7, the diameter gradually decreases from the middle of the shell 4 to both ends, and the small-diameter end of the cavity 7 is located on the impact surface of the shell 4. This gradient distribution causes the structure to gradually deform in turn under impact load, dissipates energy layer by layer, avoids sudden fracture caused by stress concentration, and places the small-diameter end on the impact surface to preferentially bear the impact force and cause controllable compression deformation. The large-diameter end provides more deformation space to enhance the overall energy absorption capacity and significantly improve the impact resistance efficiency. During the impact process, the gas in the cavity 7 is discharged in a directional manner through the communication groove 5, so as to avoid the explosion of the shell 4 caused by the sudden increase of the pressure in the cavity 7, and the external medium flows reversely to assist the structure to rebound during unloading.

[0029] Reference Figures 3-5In an embodiment, the shell 4 comprises a first energy absorption unit 8 and a second energy absorption unit which are buckled to each other, and the first energy absorption unit 8 and the second energy absorption unit are arranged in a symmetrical structure, so that the impact load is evenly dispersed along the central axis of the shell 4 to the two energy absorption units, avoiding unilateral stress concentration, and in the axial collision, the symmetrical units synchronously occur progressive collapse, improving the energy absorption efficiency.

[0030] Referring to Figures 3-5 In an embodiment, the communication groove 5 is arranged on the buckling surface of the first energy absorption unit 8 and the second energy absorption unit, and the first energy absorption unit 8 and the second energy absorption unit are provided with through holes 6 which are respectively communicated with the cavities 7 and the outside on the end surface parallel to the buckling surface, and the innovative layout of the communication groove 5 and the through hole 6 realizes efficient energy dissipation and dynamic pressure balance.

[0031] Referring to Figures 3-5 In an embodiment, the cavity 7 is an ellipsoidal structure, and the ratio of the long axis to the short axis of the ellipsoidal structure is 9:4, which optimizes the collision energy absorption efficiency and structural stability.

[0032] Referring to Figures 1-2 The application further discloses a bionic energy absorption device which applies the bionic energy absorption structure 3 described above and comprises at least two bionic energy absorption structures 3 arranged in an array, and a surface layer 1 is arranged at both ends of the bionic energy absorption structure 3, the adjacent bionic energy absorption structures 3 are adhered to each other, the through holes 6 on the adjacent bionic energy absorption structures 3 are communicated with each other, the communication grooves 5 on the adjacent bionic energy absorption structures 3 are communicated with each other, the surface layer 1 is arranged at both ends of the bionic energy absorption structure 3, the high-strength surface layer 1 bears the main in-plane load (bending, stretching, compression) and resists impact, the lightweight intermediate layer is responsible for supporting and separating the surface layer 1 to provide high bending stiffness, bear shear stress, and realize the lightweight and energy absorption of the structure, the through holes 6 and the communication grooves 5 of the adjacent energy absorption units are interconnected to form a three-dimensional pressure relief channel, and airflow circulates across the units to realize pressure balance during collision.

[0033] Referring to Figures 1-2 As a preferred mode, a bonding layer 2 is arranged between the bionic energy absorption structure 3 and the surface layer 1 to realize the bonding of the surface layer 1 and the shell 4.

[0034] Referring to Figures 1-2 As an embodiment, the bionic energy absorption structure 3 is a metal alloy material, specifically a metal alloy powder, which is made by a 3D printing technology, and the metal alloy material has high plasticity and generates plastic strain to absorb energy when high-strength impact occurs.

[0035] Referring to Figures 1-2 As an embodiment, the surface layer 1 is a carbon fiber and Kevlar fiber composite material, and the carbon fiber has low density, high specific strength (up to 2000 MPa / (g / cm 3) and high specific modulus, while Kevlar fiber is known for its excellent impact energy absorption characteristics, which can effectively dissipate energy by stretching deformation when stressed. By combining the two materials as upper and lower layers, the synergistic effect can be fully utilized to significantly improve the strength, toughness and impact resistance of the overall structure.

[0036] With reference to Figures 1-2 As an embodiment, the adhesive layer 2 is a two-component epoxy resin structural adhesive (2KEpoxy). The two-component design (epoxy resin + curing agent) achieves full crosslinking through precise proportioning (typical ratios such as 3:1 or 1:224), and after curing, the shear strength reaches 18-24 MPa, the elastic modulus is 1.2 x 10 4 ~ 2.4 x 10 5 MPa, which can effectively transfer the impact load of the energy-absorbing structure.

[0037] With reference to Figures 1-2 As an embodiment, the adjacent bionic energy-absorbing structure 3 is integrally formed, which realizes performance leap through structural integration and material synergy, and further improves the energy-absorbing effect.

[0038] It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application. Any reference signs in the claims should not be considered as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A biomimetic energy absorbing structure, characterized in that, The shell includes a cavity with a diameter gradually decreasing from the middle to both ends, a communication groove is arranged on the side wall of the shell and communicates with the cavity and the outside, and the small-diameter end of the cavity is located on the impact surface of the shell.

2. The biomimetic energy absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein, The shell includes a first energy-absorbing unit and a second energy-absorbing unit which are buckled to each other, and the first energy-absorbing unit and the second energy-absorbing unit are arranged in a symmetrical structure.

3. The biomimetic energy-absorbing structure of claim 2, wherein, The communication groove is arranged on the buckling surface of the first energy-absorbing unit and the second energy-absorbing unit, and the through hole which respectively communicates with the cavity and the outside is arranged on the end surface of the first energy-absorbing unit and the second energy-absorbing unit parallel to the buckling surface.

4. The biomimetic energy absorbing structure of claim 3, wherein, The cavity is in an ellipsoidal structure, and the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the ellipsoidal structure is 9:

4.

5. A biomimetic energy absorbing device, characterized by, The application discloses a bionic energy-absorbing structure, and relates to the technical field of energy-absorbing structures.

6. The biomimetic energy absorbing device of claim 5, wherein, A pasting layer is arranged between the bionic energy-absorbing structure and the surface layer.

7. The biomimetic energy absorbing device of claim 6, wherein, The bionic energy-absorbing structure is a metal alloy material.

8. The biomimetic energy absorbing device of claim 6, wherein, The surface layer is a carbon fiber and Kevlar fiber composite material.

9. The biomimetic energy absorbing device of claim 6, wherein, The pasting layer is a two-component epoxy resin structural adhesive.

10. The biomimetic energy absorbing device of claim 5, wherein, The adjacent bionic energy-absorbing structures are integrally formed.

Images