Dynamic geometric cyclone with adjustable grading air inlet flow proportion

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic geometric cyclone with an adjustable grading air inlet flow proportion, and relates to the field of aero-engine combustion chamber structures. Under the condition that the total flow area of the swirler is not changed, the air inlet flow proportion of the swirler is adjusted by adjusting the flow area of the second-stage swirler and the flow area of the third-stage swirler. The dynamic geometric swirler comprises a swirler upper cover and a swirler base which are coaxially fixed, and a second-stage swirler blade moving cover plate and a third-stage swirler blade moving cover plate which are movably mounted on the inner wall of the swirler are further arranged between the swirler upper cover and the swirler base. A plurality of electric push rods are further fixedly installed on the cyclone upper cover, and telescopic rods of the electric push rods penetrate through the cyclone upper cover and then are connected with the second-stage cyclone blade moving cover plate or the third-stage cyclone blade moving cover plate. The boundary of the combustion chamber is widened, the combustion efficiency under the small working condition is improved, and emission of pollutants is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aero-engine combustion chamber structure, and particularly relates to a dynamic geometric swirler with adjustable flow ratio of staged air intake. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of aero-engine combustion chamber towards high thrust-to-weight ratio, low fuel consumption and low emission, higher requirements are put forward for the ability of maintaining high efficiency and stable combustion in a wide operating condition range. In order to realize the reasonable matching of air-fuel ratio and flame structure in a wide operating condition range, a multi-stage swirler structure is widely used in the combustion chamber, and the mixing and combustion process of air and fuel is organized through staged air supply and swirl control. However, in the actual flight process, the engine needs to cover multiple operating conditions such as starting, climbing, cruising and accelerating, and the fuel injection strategy, target air-fuel ratio distribution and flame requirement are quite different under different operating conditions.

[0003] The structural parameters of the multi-stage swirler in the existing combustion chamber are generally determined in the design stage, and the flow area of each stage of the swirler is fixed, which makes it difficult to adjust the air intake ratio flexibly according to the actual operating condition. This structure can obtain relatively optimal performance near the design point, but in the wide operating condition range during the actual operation of the aero-engine, it may cause problems such as local uneven mixing, flame instability or emission deterioration. In the prior art, some schemes try to adjust the fuel injection amount or change the fuel staging strategy to adapt to different operating conditions, but under the condition that the total air flow remains constant and the air-fuel ratio changes significantly, it is difficult to achieve optimal matching of the mixing field and the swirl field by adjusting the fuel alone. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application proposes a dynamic geometric swirler with adjustable flow ratio of staged air intake, which adjusts the flow ratio of the swirler by adjusting the flow area of the second and third stages of the swirler while ensuring that the total flow area of the swirler remains unchanged, and dynamically adjusts the air intake of the combustion chamber according to the real-time state point of the combustion chamber to achieve the adjustment of the air intake at the head of the combustion chamber.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows: the dynamic geometric swirler comprises a swirler upper cover 7 and a swirler base 14 which are coaxially fixed, the swirler upper cover 7 is provided with a pre-combustion stage centrifugal nozzle 8, a first stage swirler blade 9 and a pre-combustion stage outlet venturi 16, the inner side of the swirler base 14 is provided with a swirler inner wall 28, and the swirler inner wall 28 is fixed with the pre-combustion stage outlet venturi 16 through a swirler inner wall connecting rod 43; The second stage cyclone vane moving cover plate 3 and the third stage cyclone moving cover plate 6 are movably installed on the inner wall 28 of the cyclone, a plurality of second stage cyclone vanes 4 are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the cyclone upper cover 7, the second stage cyclone vanes 4 are inserted into the vane slots on the third stage cyclone vane moving cover plate 6 through the vane holes on the second stage cyclone vane moving cover plate 3, and a plurality of third stage cyclone vanes 13 are fixedly installed on the top surface of the cyclone base 14, the third stage cyclone vanes 13 are inserted into the vane slots on the second stage cyclone vane moving cover plate 3 through the vane holes on the third stage cyclone vane moving cover plate 6. A plurality of electric push rods are fixedly installed on the cyclone upper cover 7, the telescopic rods 11 of the electric push rods are connected to the second stage cyclone vane moving cover plate 3 or the third stage cyclone moving cover plate 6 after penetrating the cyclone upper cover 7.

[0006] Further, the electric push rod includes a driving motor 1, a driving motor installation base 2 and a telescopic rod 11, the driving motor 1 is fixedly installed on the cyclone upper cover 7 through the driving motor installation base 2 and is used to drive the linear reciprocating movement of the telescopic rod 11, the telescopic rod 11 penetrates the cyclone upper cover 7, and the end of the telescopic rod 11 is fixedly installed with a transverse clamping rod 30 and a longitudinal clamping rod 32, the inside of the second stage cyclone moving cover plate 3 and the third stage cyclone moving cover plate 6 is provided with a transverse clamping rod installation clamping groove 20 for clamping the transverse clamping rod 30 and a longitudinal clamping rod installation clamping groove 24 for clamping the longitudinal clamping rod 32.

[0007] Further, the second stage cyclone moving cover plate sliding guide rail 17 is arranged between the second stage cyclone moving cover plate 3 and the inner wall 28 of the cyclone, and the third stage cyclone moving cover plate sliding guide rail 15 is arranged between the third stage cyclone moving cover plate 6 and the inner wall 28 of the cyclone.

[0008] Further, a plurality of guide structure members are fixedly installed between the cyclone upper cover 7 and the cyclone base 14, the guide structure members are arranged parallel to the axial direction of the dynamic geometric cyclone and penetrate the second stage cyclone vane moving cover plate 3 and the third stage cyclone moving cover plate 6, and are used to guide the axial displacement of the second stage cyclone vane moving cover plate 3 and the third stage cyclone moving cover plate 6.

[0009] Further, the guide structure comprises a sliding bearing rod 12, a sliding bearing 29 and a sliding bearing ball 42, one end of the sliding bearing rod 12 is provided with a sliding bearing rod fixed threaded hole 40, the other end is provided with external threads, a plurality of sliding bearing rod fixed screws 18 are installed through the vortex finder base 14, the sliding bearing rod fixed screws 18 are threadedly connected with the sliding bearing rod fixed threaded hole 40, the other end of the sliding bearing rod 12 is threadedly connected with a sliding bearing rod fixed nut 10, the sliding bearing rod fixed nut 10 abuts against the vortex finder upper cover 7, so that the sliding bearing rod 12 is fixed between the vortex finder upper cover 7 and the vortex finder base 14, the sliding bearing rod 12 is provided with a sliding bearing sliding track 41, the sliding bearing 29 is sleeved on the sliding bearing rod 12 and is in sliding connection with the sliding bearing sliding track 41, the sliding bearing ball 42 is installed on the inner wall of the sliding bearing 29, two sliding bearings 29 are sleeved on the sliding bearing rod 12, the second-stage vortex finder moving cover plate 3 and the third-stage vortex finder moving cover plate 6 are provided with sliding bearing installation holes 25, and the outer walls of the two sliding bearings 29 are respectively installed in the sliding bearing installation holes 25 of the second-stage vortex finder moving cover plate 3 and the third-stage vortex finder moving cover plate 6.

[0010] The working process of the variable ratio of the staged air flow of the dynamic geometric vortex finder is as follows: According to the current combustion chamber state, an electric signal is applied to the driving motor 1, the driving motor 1 drives the telescopic rod 11, power is conducted to the second-stage vortex finder moving cover plate 3 and the third-stage vortex finder moving cover plate 6 through the transverse clamping rod 30 and the longitudinal clamping rod 32, the flow area of the second-stage and third-stage vortex finder is adjusted to a proper ratio under the condition that the total flow area is kept unchanged, then the driving motor 1 stops power input and is locked to wait for the next signal input.

[0011] In the above, the ratio of the staged air flow should be flexibly adjusted according to experiments or specific application conditions, so as to achieve the optimal performance of the use condition point as the starting point for adjustment. In addition to the aero-engine combustion chamber, the vortex finder working on other equipment and needing to adjust the flow can also adopt the structure.

[0012] The present application adjusts the ratio of the air flow of the vortex finder by adjusting the flow area of the second-stage and third-stage vortex finder under the condition that the total flow area of the vortex finder is kept unchanged, and dynamically adjusts the air intake of the combustion chamber according to the real-time state point of the combustion chamber, so as to achieve the adjustment of the air intake of the combustion chamber head, realize the intelligent control of the oil-gas matching of the main combustion zone, widen the combustion chamber boundary, improve the combustion efficiency under small working conditions and reduce the emission of pollutants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the dynamic geometric vortex finder; Figure 1The center contains: drive motor 1, drive motor mounting base 2, second stage cyclone moving cover plate 3, second stage cyclone blade 4, third stage cyclone moving cover plate 6, cyclone upper cover 7, pre-combustion stage centrifugal nozzle 8, first stage cyclone blade 9, sliding bearing rod fixing nut 10, telescopic rod 11, sliding bearing rod 12, third stage cyclone blade 13, cyclone base 14, third stage cyclone moving cover plate sliding guide rail 15, pre-combustion stage outlet venturi 16, second stage cyclone moving cover plate sliding guide rail 17, sliding bearing rod fixing screw 18.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a center class cyclone structure diagram; Figure 2 The center contains: drive motor mounting base 2, pre-combustion stage outlet venturi 16, telescopic rod sliding hole 19, transverse clamping rod mounting clamping groove 20, second stage cyclone moving cover plate sliding guide rail mounting groove 21, third stage cyclone moving cover plate sliding guide rail mounting groove 22, drive motor mounting clamping groove 23, longitudinal clamping rod mounting clamping groove 24, sliding bearing mounting hole 25, screw hole 26, second and third stage radial cyclone inner wall 27.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a single motor and cyclone partial assembly drawing; Figure 3 The center contains: drive motor 1, drive motor mounting base 2, sliding bearing rod fixing nut 10, telescopic rod 11, sliding bearing rod 12, third stage cyclone moving cover plate sliding guide rail 15, second stage cyclone moving cover plate sliding guide rail 17, sliding bearing rod fixing screw 18, sliding bearing 29, transverse clamping rod 30, drive motor fixing screw 31, longitudinal clamping rod 32.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a hole position diagram of the upper end part of the cyclone; Figure 4 The center contains: telescopic rod sliding hole 19, drive motor mounting clamping groove 23, sliding bearing mounting hole 25, drive motor fixing screw hole 33, sliding bearing rod sliding hole 34. Figure 5 It is a single motor diagram; Figure 5 The center contains: telescopic rod 11, transverse clamping rod 30, longitudinal clamping rod 32, drive motor fixing screw hole 35.

[0017] Figure 6 It is a sliding guide rail structure diagram of the cyclone moving cover plate; Figure 6 The center contains: sliding guide rail upper cover 36, sliding rail ball 37, sliding rail 38, sliding guide rail base 39.

[0018] Figure 7 It is a sliding bearing rod structure diagram; Figure 7 The middle part comprises a sliding bearing rod 12, a sliding bearing 29, a sliding bearing rod fixing threaded hole 40, a sliding bearing sliding track 41 and a sliding bearing ball 42. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present application, the present application will be described in detail below with specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The dynamic geometry swirler comprises a swirler upper cover 7 and a swirler base 14 fixed coaxially, the swirler upper cover 7 is provided with a pre-combustion stage centrifugal nozzle 8, a first stage swirler blade 9 and a pre-combustion stage outlet venturi 16, the inner side of the swirler base 14 is provided with a swirler inner wall 28, the swirler inner wall 28 is fixed with the pre-combustion stage outlet venturi 16 through a swirler inner wall connecting rod 43; The swirler upper cover 7 and the swirler base 14 are further provided with a second stage swirler blade moving cover plate 3 and a third stage swirler moving cover plate 6 movably installed on the swirler inner wall 28, a plurality of second stage swirler blades 4 are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the swirler upper cover 7, the second stage swirler blades 4 are inserted into blade grooves on the third stage swirler moving cover plate 6 after passing through blade holes on the second stage swirler blade moving cover plate 3, a plurality of third stage swirler blades 13 are fixedly installed on the top surface of the swirler base 14, the third stage swirler blades 13 are inserted into blade grooves on the second stage swirler blade moving cover plate 3 after passing through blade holes on the third stage swirler blade moving cover plate 6; The main structure of the intake flow regulation is that a plurality of electric push rods are fixedly installed on the swirler upper cover 7, the telescopic rods 11 of the electric push rods are connected to the second stage swirler blade moving cover plate 3 or the third stage swirler moving cover plate 6 after penetrating through the swirler upper cover 7.

[0021] The specific structure of the electric push rod is as follows: The electric push rod comprises a driving motor 1, a driving motor installation base 2 and a telescopic rod 11, the driving motor 1 is fixedly installed on the swirler upper cover 7 through the driving motor installation base 2 and is used to drive the telescopic rod 11 to move linearly, the telescopic rod 11 penetrates through the swirler upper cover 7, and the end of the telescopic rod 11 is fixedly installed with a transverse clamping rod 30 and a longitudinal clamping rod 32, the inside of the second stage swirler moving cover plate 3 and the third stage swirler moving cover plate 6 are both provided with a transverse clamping rod installation clamping groove 20 for clamping the transverse clamping rod 30 and a longitudinal clamping rod installation clamping groove 24 for clamping the longitudinal clamping rod 32, so that the installation clamping grooves can realize the movement of the second stage swirler moving cover plate 3 and the third stage swirler moving cover plate 6 with the movement of different telescopic rods 11.

[0022] The position fixing structure in the radial direction of the second and third cyclones: The second-stage cyclone moving cover plate 3 and the cyclone inner wall 28 are provided with a second-stage cyclone moving cover plate sliding guide 17, and the third-stage cyclone moving cover plate 6 and the cyclone inner wall 28 are provided with a third-stage cyclone moving cover plate sliding guide 15.

[0023] The second-stage cyclone moving cover plate sliding guide 17 and the third-stage cyclone moving cover plate sliding guide 15 have the same structure, and each includes a sliding guide upper cover 36, a sliding rail ball 37, a sliding rail 38, and a sliding guide base 39. The sliding guide base 39 is welded on the second-stage cyclone moving cover plate sliding guide mounting groove 21 or the third-stage cyclone moving cover plate sliding guide mounting groove 22, the sliding rail 38 is opened on the sliding guide base 39, the sliding guide upper cover 36 is slidingly connected in the sliding rail 38, and the sliding guide upper cover 36 is welded on the second-stage cyclone moving cover plate 3 or the third-stage cyclone moving cover plate 6, so as to realize the radial fixing of the second-stage cyclone moving cover plate 3 and the third-stage cyclone moving cover plate 6.

[0024] The position fixing structure in the radial direction of the second and third cyclones: The cyclone upper cover 7 and the cyclone base 14 are further fixedly provided with a plurality of guide structure members, the guide structure members are parallel to the axial direction of the dynamic geometric cyclone, and penetrate the second-stage cyclone moving cover plate 3 and the third-stage cyclone moving cover plate 6, and are used for guiding the axial displacement of the second-stage cyclone moving cover plate 3 and the third-stage cyclone moving cover plate 6.

[0025] Specifically, the guide structure includes a sliding bearing rod 12, a sliding bearing 29, and a sliding bearing ball 42. One end of the sliding bearing rod 12 is provided with a sliding bearing rod fixed threaded hole 40, and the other end is provided with an external thread. A plurality of sliding bearing rod fixed screws 18 are installed through the sliding vortex base 14. The sliding bearing rod fixed screws 18 are threadedly connected with the sliding bearing rod fixed threaded hole 40. The other end of the sliding bearing rod 12 is threadedly connected with a sliding bearing rod fixed nut 10. The sliding bearing rod fixed nut 10 abuts against the vortex upper cover 7, so that the sliding bearing rod 12 is fixed between the vortex upper cover 7 and the vortex base 14. The sliding bearing rod 12 is provided with a sliding bearing sliding track 41. The sliding bearing 29 is sleeved on the sliding bearing rod 12 and is in sliding connection with the sliding bearing sliding track 41. The sliding bearing ball 42 is installed on the inner wall of the sliding bearing 29. Two sliding bearings 29 are sleeved on the sliding bearing rod 12. The second-stage vortex movable cover plate 3 and the third-stage vortex movable cover plate 6 are provided with sliding bearing installation holes 25. The outer walls of the two sliding bearings 29 are respectively installed in the sliding bearing installation holes 25 of the second-stage vortex movable cover plate 3 and the third-stage vortex movable cover plate 6.

[0026] The vortex upper cover 7 has a pre-combustion stage structure 8 and a pre-combustion stage outlet venturi 16 structure in a conventional center multi-stage vortex. The second and third stages of the vortex use radial vortexes. The second-stage vortex movable cover plate sliding guide rail installation groove 21 and the third-stage vortex movable cover plate sliding guide rail installation groove 22 are respectively provided at the circumference of the inner wall 28 of the vortex at intervals of 90 degrees. The grooves are matched with the second-stage vortex movable cover plate sliding guide rail 17 and the third-stage vortex movable cover plate sliding guide rail 15. In addition, the second-stage vortex movable cover plate 3 and the third-stage vortex movable cover plate 6 are provided with sliding bearing installation holes 25. The sliding bearing installation holes 25 are matched with the sliding bearings 29. Through the above structure, the second-stage vortex movable cover plate 3 and the third-stage vortex movable cover plate 6 are fixed in the horizontal position. The driving motor installation base 2 is arranged at the circumferential edge position of the vortex upper cover 7. The driving motor installation base 2 is provided with four screw holes 33. The driving motor fixed screws 31 pass through the four screw holes and are tightly matched with the four threaded holes 35 in the driving motor 1, so as to fix the driving motor 1.

[0027] The working process of the multi-stage air inlet flow rate ratio adjustable dynamic geometric vortex is as follows: According to the current combustion chamber state, an electric signal is applied to the driving motor 1, the driving motor 1 drives the telescopic rod 11, and power is transmitted to the second-stage and third-stage cyclone movable cover plates 3 and 6 through the horizontal clamping rod 30 and the vertical clamping rod 32; in the case that the total flow area is kept unchanged, the flow areas of the second-stage and third-stage cyclones are adjusted to a proper ratio, then the driving motor 1 stops power input and is locked to wait for the next signal input.

[0028] The proportion of the classified inlet flow should be flexibly adjusted according to experiments or specific application conditions, and the adjustment is started from the point of optimizing the performance of the working condition.

[0029] The present application has many specific implementation approaches, and the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, some improvements can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A dynamic geometry cyclone separator with adjustable staged intake flow rate ratio, characterized in that, The dynamic geometry hydrocyclone includes a hydrocyclone top cover (7) and a hydrocyclone base (14) that are kept coaxially fixed. The hydrocyclone top cover (7) is provided with a pre-combustion stage centrifugal nozzle (8), a first-stage hydrocyclone blade (9) and a pre-combustion stage outlet venturi tube (16). The inner side of the hydrocyclone base (14) is provided with a hydrocyclone inner wall (28). The hydrocyclone inner wall (28) is fixed to the pre-combustion stage outlet venturi tube (16) through a hydrocyclone inner wall connecting rod (43). Between the hydrocyclone top cover (7) and the hydrocyclone base (14), there is also a second-stage hydrocyclone blade moving cover plate (3) and a third-stage hydrocyclone moving cover plate (6) that are movably installed on the inner wall (28) of the hydrocyclone. Several second-stage hydrocyclone blades (4) are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the hydrocyclone top cover (7). The second-stage hydrocyclone blades (4) pass through the blade holes on the second-stage hydrocyclone blade moving cover plate (3) and are inserted into the blade grooves on the third-stage hydrocyclone blade moving cover plate (6). Several third-stage hydrocyclone blades (13) are fixedly installed on the top surface of the hydrocyclone base (14). The third-stage hydrocyclone blades (13) pass through the blade holes on the third-stage hydrocyclone blade moving cover plate (6) and are inserted into the blade grooves on the second-stage hydrocyclone blade moving cover plate (3). Multiple electric push rods are also fixedly installed on the top cover (7) of the hydrocyclone. The telescopic rod (11) of the electric push rod passes through the top cover (7) of the hydrocyclone and is connected to the second-stage hydrocyclone blade moving cover plate (3) or the third-stage hydrocyclone moving cover plate (6).

2. The dynamic geometry cyclone separator with adjustable staged airflow ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric push rod includes a drive motor (1), a drive motor mounting base (2), and a telescopic rod (11). The drive motor (1) is fixedly mounted on the hydrocyclone cover (7) through the drive motor mounting base (2) and is used to drive the telescopic rod (11) to reciprocate linearly. The telescopic rod (11) passes through the hydrocyclone cover (7), and a transverse clamping rod (30) and a longitudinal clamping rod (32) are fixedly installed at the end of the telescopic rod (11). The interior of the second-stage hydrocyclone moving cover plate (3) and the third-stage hydrocyclone moving cover plate (6) are provided with a transverse clamping rod mounting slot (20) for securing the transverse clamping rod (30) and a longitudinal clamping rod mounting slot (24) for securing the longitudinal clamping rod (32).

3. The dynamic geometry cyclone separator with adjustable staged air intake flow rate ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sliding guide rail (17) for the second-stage hydrocyclone blade moving cover plate (3) is provided between the second-stage hydrocyclone blade moving cover plate (3) and the inner wall (28) of the hydrocyclone. A sliding guide rail (15) for the third-stage hydrocyclone blade moving cover plate (6) is provided between the third-stage hydrocyclone blade moving cover plate (6) and the inner wall (28) of the hydrocyclone.

4. The dynamic geometry cyclone separator with adjustable staged air intake flow rate ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple guide structures are also fixedly installed between the hydrocyclone top cover (7) and the hydrocyclone base (14). The guide structures are arranged parallel to the axial direction of the dynamic geometry hydrocyclone and pass through the second-stage hydrocyclone blade moving cover plate (3) and the third-stage hydrocyclone moving cover plate (6) to guide the axial displacement of the second-stage hydrocyclone blade moving cover plate (3) and the third-stage hydrocyclone moving cover plate (6).

5. A dynamic geometric cyclone separator with adjustable staged intake flow rate ratio according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide structure includes a sliding bearing rod (12), a sliding bearing (29), and sliding bearing balls (42). One end of the sliding bearing rod (12) has a sliding bearing rod fixing threaded hole (40), and the other end has an external thread. Multiple sliding bearing rod fixing screws (18) are installed through the hydrocyclone base (14). The sliding bearing rod fixing screws (18) are threadedly connected to the sliding bearing rod fixing threaded hole (40). The other end of the sliding bearing rod (12) is threadedly connected to a sliding bearing rod fixing nut (10). The sliding bearing rod fixing nut (10) abuts against the hydrocyclone cover (7), so that the sliding bearing rod (12) is fixed to the hydrocyclone cover (7) and the hydrocyclone. Between the bases (14), a sliding bearing sliding track (41) is provided on the sliding bearing rod (12). The sliding bearing (29) is fitted on the sliding bearing rod (12) and is slidably connected to the sliding bearing sliding track (41). The sliding bearing ball (42) is installed on the inner wall of the sliding bearing (29). Two sliding bearings (29) are fitted on the sliding bearing rod (12). Sliding bearing mounting holes (25) are provided on the second-stage hydrocyclone moving cover plate (3) and the third-stage hydrocyclone moving cover plate (6). The outer walls of the two sliding bearings (29) are respectively installed in the sliding bearing mounting holes (25) on the second-stage hydrocyclone moving cover plate (3) and the third-stage hydrocyclone moving cover plate (6).

Images