Efficient precise assembly and calibration tool and system and optical lens assembly and calibration method

Abstract

The invention provides a high-efficiency precise assembly and calibration tool and system and an optical lens assembly and calibration method. The tool comprises a lens frame used for accommodating an optical lens; the pressing ring can be screwed into the lens frame and used for pressing the optical lens in the axial direction of the lens frame. The head of the fastening wrench is provided with a mortise and tenon structure matched with the pressing ring groove, and the pressing ring groove is formed in the end face, facing the fastening wrench, of the pressing ring. The outer wall of the fastening wrench is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the mirror frame, so that when the mortise and tenon structure is jointed with the pressing ring groove, the rotation axis of the fastening wrench coincides with the rotation axis of the mirror frame; the protecting assembly is sleeved outside the mirror frame, the inner wall of the protecting assembly is matched with the outer wall face of the mirror frame, and the inner hole of the protecting assembly is matched with the outer wall of the rod portion of the fastening wrench and used for restraining the fastening wrench to move and rotate only in the rotation axis direction of the mirror frame in the fastening process. According to the scheme, various installation and calibration failure risks caused by uneven stress can be solved, and the aims of microstress, high efficiency and high reliability pursued for a long time in the precision optical installation and calibration field are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of optical precision assembly and calibration, in particular to a high-efficiency precision assembly and calibration tool, system and optical lens assembly and calibration method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of optical precision assembly and calibration, the pressure ring is an important part for fixing the optical lens and ensuring the air spacing between the parts. At present, the pressure ring is used for positioning the parts in the optical assembly and calibration design scheme. The vertical force and the uniformity of the force of the pressure ring will introduce certain assembly stress, which will cause the lens barrel thread to be locked with the pressure ring or the surface of the part to be scratched, thereby causing the assembly and calibration to fail. For the assembly and calibration of large-diameter-thickness-ratio optical lenses, the above phenomenon is prone to occur frequently. Therefore, designing a special assembly and calibration scheme can effectively improve the assembly efficiency and reduce the risk of thread locking and part surface scratching. For this purpose, the present application provides a general equipment capable of uniformly applying vertical force to the pressure ring during assembly and calibration and a use method thereof. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above defects or deficiencies in the prior art, the present application aims to provide a high-efficiency precision assembly and calibration tool, system and optical lens assembly and calibration method.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a high-efficiency precision assembly and calibration tool, comprising: a lens frame, the lens frame being used for accommodating an optical lens; a pressure ring, the pressure ring being rotatable into the inside of the lens frame and being used for pressing the optical lens from the axial direction of the lens frame; a tightening wrench, a tenon structure being provided on the head of the tightening wrench and being matched with a mortise groove of the pressure ring, the mortise groove being provided on the end face of the pressure ring facing the tightening wrench, the outer wall of the tightening wrench being gap-fitted with the inner wall of the lens frame, so that when the tenon structure is engaged with the mortise groove, the rotation axis of the tightening wrench coincides with the rotation axis of the lens frame; a protection assembly, the protection assembly being sleeved on the outside of the lens frame, the inner wall of the protection assembly being matched with the outer wall of the lens frame, and the inner hole of the protection assembly being matched with the outer wall of the rod part of the tightening wrench, the protection assembly being used for restricting the tightening wrench to move and rotate only along the rotation axis direction of the lens frame during the tightening process.

[0005] According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application, the tightening wrench has a disc-shaped head and a straight rod part connected with the disc-shaped head, the outer wall of the disc-shaped head is gap-fitted with the inner wall of the lens frame, the tenon structure is provided on the side of the disc-shaped head away from the straight rod part, and the top end of the straight rod part is provided with a truncated cylinder structure, the truncated cylinder structure being used for cooperating with a torque wrench to transmit torque.

[0006] According to the technical scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application, the protection assembly comprises a fixing sleeve, the fixing sleeve has a first constraint part extending along the axial direction of the mirror frame and a second constraint part connected with the first constraint part, and the extension direction of the second constraint part is the radial direction of the mirror frame. The inner walls of the first constraint part form the inner wall of the protection assembly and cooperate with the outer cylindrical surface of the mirror frame; the first through hole in the second constraint part constitutes the inner hole of the protection assembly and cooperates with the outer wall surface of the straight rod part of the tightening wrench.

[0007] According to the technical scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application, the tightening wrench and the protection assembly are both made of an aluminum alloy material.

[0008] According to the technical scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application, the size of the mortise-tenon structure and the size of the end groove of the compression ring are in a tolerance fit, and the end face of the mortise-tenon structure and the end face of the compression ring are in a tolerance fit.

[0009] According to the technical scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application, the assembly and alignment tool is configured to be used for assembling and aligning an optical lens with a diameter-thickness ratio greater than 5:1.

[0010] According to the technical scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application, the disc-shaped head part has a recessed surface away from the straight rod part; when the mortise-tenon structure is engaged with the compression ring groove, the recessed surface and the convex surface of the optical lens facing the compression ring form a clearance space, which is used to avoid the contact between the disc-shaped head part and the optical lens during the assembly process.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present application provides a high-efficiency precise assembly and alignment system, comprising: The high-efficiency precise assembly and alignment tool described above; An optical lens, which is accommodated in the mirror frame; A torque wrench, which cooperates with the top end of the straight rod part of the tightening wrench and is used to apply a rotary torque; The system is configured to make the compression ring only bear axial compression stress and eliminate radial eccentric load stress during the screwing-in process through the linkage of the tool and the torque wrench.

[0012] In a third aspect, the present application provides an optical lens assembly and alignment method, comprising the following steps: Placing the optical lens in the mirror frame in a way that the concave surface faces downward, so that the optical axis of the optical lens is preliminarily aligned with the rotary axis of the mirror frame; The pressure ring is placed on the optical lens, and then the mortise and tenon structure of the fastening wrench is engaged with the groove of the pressure ring. The protective component is then fitted onto the outside of the lens frame, such that the inner wall of the protective component matches the outer wall of the lens frame, and its inner hole matches the outer wall of the rod of the fastening wrench. A torque wrench is connected to the top of the fastening wrench to apply rotational torque. During this process, the cooperation between the outer wall of the fastening wrench and the inner wall of the frame, as well as the constraint of the fastening wrench by the protective component, creates a dual guiding effect, guiding the pressure ring to screw in along the rotation axis of the frame, ensuring that the end face of the pressure ring is evenly stressed. After the pressure ring is tightened to the predetermined torque, the torque wrench, the fastening wrench, and the protective assembly are removed in sequence.

[0013] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the step of applying rotational torque by connecting a torque wrench to the top of the fastening wrench includes the following steps: Rotate the fastening wrench with a first predetermined torque value until the pressure ring makes initial contact with the surface of the optical lens; The tightening wrench is rotated to a second predetermined torque value higher than the first predetermined torque value to finally lock the pressure ring, thereby eliminating assembly gaps and achieving micro-stress fixation.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: I. Fundamentally eliminates uneven force distribution and radial off-center loading on the pressure ring, effectively preventing thread lock-up: This invention, through a clearance fit between the outer wall of the tightening wrench and the inner wall of the mirror frame, forces the wrench's rotation axis to coincide with the mirror frame's rotation axis. Simultaneously, the protective component, through its dual cooperation with the outer wall of the mirror frame and the wrench handle, forms a stable guiding mechanism, restricting the wrench to move and rotate only along its axis. These two protective mechanisms work together to ensure that the force applied to the pressure ring is a purely axial tightening force, completely avoiding the radial component force generated by wrench tilting. This radial component force is the root cause of lateral extrusion and scraping between the pressure ring thread and the mirror barrel thread, ultimately leading to "thread lock-up." Therefore, this invention fundamentally eliminates this long-standing assembly risk from a mechanistic perspective.

[0015] Second, it achieves true micro-stress alignment, greatly reducing the risk of surface scratches on parts: Through the aforementioned dual guiding mechanism, this invention not only prevents thread lock-up but, more importantly, ensures that the end face of the pressure ring is flat and evenly presses the optical lens. This avoids localized stress concentration or edge chipping of the lens caused by the tilt of the pressure ring. Simultaneously, because the entire force application process is precisely controllable, it avoids shaking and misalignment during assembly, thereby greatly reducing the possibility of scratches on the inner wall of the lens frame, the surface of the pressure ring, and the optical lens itself. It is particularly suitable for precision optical components with extremely high surface quality requirements.

[0016] III. Particularly suitable for high-precision, high-success-rate assembly and calibration of large-aspect-ratio optical lenses: The "vertical uniform force" assembly and calibration capability provided by this invention is crucial for large-aspect-ratio lenses. It ensures that the clamping force is applied vertically through the lens's center of gravity, avoiding lens deformation caused by torque (i.e., surface distortion introduced by clamping stress), thereby guaranteeing the optical performance after assembly and calibration. Therefore, this invention effectively solves the industry problem of assembling large-aspect-ratio lenses, significantly improving the success rate and reliability of such challenging assembly and calibration tasks.

[0017] IV. Improved Assembly Efficiency and Simple, Reliable Operation: This invention internalizes the complex issues of "ensuring alignment" and "preventing tilting" through a sophisticated tooling structure, making the operation process simple and intuitive. Assembly personnel only need to place the tooling and tighten it according to the steps, without relying on advanced skills or repeated adjustments to avoid locking or scratches. This "foolproof" operation not only reduces the technical requirements for operators but also significantly improves overall assembly efficiency due to its high reliability and one-time success rate. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-efficiency precision alignment tooling after assembly, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Fig. 2 An exploded structural diagram of the high-efficiency precision alignment tooling provided in the embodiments of this application; Fig. 3 A cross-sectional view of the high-efficiency precision alignment fixture provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0019] The text labels in the image represent: 1. Frame; 2. Protective component; 21. First constraint part; 22. Second constraint part; 221. First through hole; 3. Fastening wrench; 31. Disc-shaped head; 32. Straight rod part; 33. Mortise and tenon structure; 4. Optical lens; 5. Pressure ring; 51. Pressure ring groove. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Example 1 As mentioned in the background section, this application proposes a high-efficiency and precision alignment fixture to address the problems in the existing technology, such as... Figs. 1-3 As shown, it includes: Frame 1, which is used to house the optical lens 4; Pressure ring 5, which can be screwed into the lens frame 1, is used to press the optical lens 4 from the axial direction of the lens frame 1; The fastening wrench 3 has a mortise and tenon structure 33 at its head that mates with the groove 51 of the pressure ring. The groove 51 of the pressure ring is located on the end face of the pressure ring 5 facing the fastening wrench 3. The outer wall of the fastening wrench 3 is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the mirror frame 1 so that when the mortise and tenon structure 33 engages with the groove 51 of the pressure ring, the rotation axis of the fastening wrench 3 coincides with the rotation axis of the mirror frame 1. The protective component 2 is sleeved on the outside of the mirror frame 1. Its inner wall mates with the outer wall of the mirror frame 1, and its inner hole mates with the outer wall of the rod of the fastening wrench 3. It is used to constrain the fastening wrench 3 to move and rotate only along the rotation axis of the mirror frame 1 during the fastening process.

[0023] Specifically, the lens frame 1 is the basic structural component of the entire assembly, typically a metal cylinder with precise steps and threads inside. Its main function is to house and position the optical lens 4. During installation, the operator must first ensure the inner cavity of the lens barrel is clean and free of impurities before carefully inserting the lens. The pressure ring 5 is a ring-shaped part with external threads. Its core function is to press the lens axially (i.e., along the optical axis) by screwing it into the threads inside the lens frame 1. The end groove refers to a groove of a specific shape machined on the end face of the pressure ring 5 facing the operator; it can be an annular groove or composed of multiple arc-shaped slots. This groove is not for sealing but serves as a mating interface with the subsequent tooling—the tightening wrench 3. The tightening wrench 3 is a specialized hand tool whose core feature lies in two mating relationships. First, the mortise and tenon structure 33 on its head mates with the end groove of the pressure ring 5. Here, "mortise and tenon structure 33" is borrowed from woodworking terminology, referring to the precise fit between the protruding part (tenon) and the recessed part (mortise). In this invention, the fastening wrench 3 has a tenon that is embedded in the mortise (i.e., groove) of the pressure ring 5. Secondly, its outer wall (usually referring to the outer cylindrical surface of the wrench head) has a clearance fit with the inner wall of the mirror frame 1. This is a tolerance fit, meaning that the outer diameter of the wrench is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the mirror frame 1, providing sufficient clearance for smooth rotation while ensuring that the axes of both are essentially aligned. Protective component 2: This is a sleeve-shaped guide device. It is installed by fitting it from top to bottom onto the outside of the mirror frame 1. Its inner wall mates with the outer wall of the mirror frame 1, also with a clearance fit, serving as initial positioning. Its inner hole mates with the outer wall of the handle of the fastening wrench 3; this fit is crucial, providing an additional, coaxial support point for the handle.

[0024] The technical effect achieved by this embodiment is to realize the "centering" and "vertical" screwing of the pressure ring 5. Its technical principle lies in creating a "dual-guide" mechanism. First-level guide (radial primary positioning): The tightening wrench 3, through the engagement of its outer diameter with the inner hole of the frame 1, first forcibly aligns its rotation axis with the rotation axis (i.e., the ideal optical axis) of the frame 1. Second-level guide (anti-tipping stabilization): The protective component 2, through its dual engagement with the outer diameter of the frame 1 and the wrench handle, provides a stable bearing seat at the distal end of the wrench handle. When torque is applied with a torque wrench, this protective component 2 effectively prevents the tightening wrench 3 from radially tilting or vibrating due to force. Synergistic effect: The combined effect of these two guides ensures that the torque is accurately converted into the translational movement of the pressure ring 5 along the axis, avoiding radial force caused by wrench tilt. This radial force is the root cause of the "seizing" or "locking" of the threads of the pressure ring 5 and the frame 1 in traditional methods. Therefore, this solution eliminates the risk of uneven assembly stress in principle and achieves "micro-stress" assembly, which is particularly suitable for fragile or stress-sensitive large-diameter-thickness optical lenses.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the tightening wrench 3 has a disc-shaped head 31 and a straight rod portion 32 connected to the disc-shaped head 31. The outer wall of the disc-shaped head 31 is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the mirror frame 1. The mortise and tenon structure 33 is provided on the side of the disc-shaped head 31 away from the straight rod portion 32. The top end of the straight rod portion 32 is provided with a shaped cylindrical structure, which is used to cooperate with a torque wrench to transmit torque.

[0026] Specifically, the disc-shaped head 31: This is the key functional section where the wrench engages with the pressure ring 5 and the frame 1. Its diameter is larger than the shaft, resembling a disc. In practice, the outer wall of this disc-shaped head 31 requires precision machining to ensure a precise clearance fit with the inner wall of the frame 1. The "mortise and tenon structure 33" is machined on the bottom surface of this disc-shaped head 31 (i.e., the side away from the straight shaft 32). The straight shaft 32: This is the extension of the wrench, its main function being to transmit the operator's torque from outside the tooling to the disc-shaped head 31. It passes through and engages with the inner hole of the protective assembly 2. The shaped cylindrical structure: This is a feature machined at the top of the straight shaft 32. Specifically, the two sides of the cylinder are symmetrically flattened to form a shape similar to a "waist drum" or "double-plane." This structure is the matching interface for the standardized square head of the torque wrench, allowing the torque wrench to securely fit onto it and transmit torque.

[0027] This implementation achieves modular functionality and efficient, precise force transmission. The wrench is divided into a "disc head 31" and a "straight rod 32," allowing the head to focus on its core functions of centering and driving the pressure ring 5, while the rod focuses on transmitting torque and engaging with the protective component 2. This design simplifies manufacturing and stress distribution. A standardized interface: the "cylindrical structure" provides a reliable interface for connecting to a standard torque wrench. This means that precise torque tools can be used to achieve quantitative control of the tightening torque on the pressure ring 5. This ensures "micro-stress" assembly, avoiding problems of excessive stress or insufficient clamping force caused by inconsistent manual tightening. The presence of the straight rod 32 keeps the point of constraint of the protective component 2 away from the point of force application (disc head 31). According to the lever principle, this more effectively resists tilting torque, further enhancing the stability of the entire system. The large diameter design of the disc head 31 also increases the contact area with the inner wall of the frame 1, improving the accuracy and stability of initial centering.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the protective component 2 includes a fixing sleeve having a first constraint portion 21 extending along the axial direction of the frame 1 and a second constraint portion 22 connected to the first constraint portion 21, wherein the extension direction of the second constraint portion 22 is the radial direction of the frame 1. The inner walls of the first constraint part 21 form the inner wall of the protective component 2 and cooperate with the outer circular surface of the mirror frame 1; the second constraint part 22 has a first through hole 221, the inner wall of the first through hole 221 forms the inner hole of the protective component 2 and cooperates with the outer wall surface of the straight rod part 32 of the fastening wrench 3.

[0029] Specifically, the fixing sleeve defines the protective component 2 as a rigid, sleeve-shaped part that provides fixation and constraint. The first constraint part 21: This refers to the portion of the sleeve that mates with the outer circle of the mirror frame 1; it is a vertical (extending axially along the mirror frame 1) cylindrical wall. During implementation, the operator places it on the mirror frame 1, and its inner wall encloses the outer circle of the mirror frame 1, achieving initial positioning and fixation. The second constraint part 22: This refers to the portion connected to the first constraint part 21 and extending radially (i.e., horizontally) along the mirror frame 1; it is a top plate or flange. Its key feature is the first through hole 221. The diameter of the first through hole 221 is precisely calculated to have a clearance fit with the outer circle of the straight rod portion 32 of the tightening wrench 3. During implementation, the straight rod portion 32 of the wrench passes precisely through this hole.

[0030] This embodiment constructs an extremely stable and precise "guide bearing seat." Spatial constraint principle: The first constraint part 21 (sidewall) constrains the relative positions of the protective component 2 and the mirror frame 1 in the XY plane (radial), ensuring their concentricity. The through hole on the second constraint part 22 (top plate) functions as a "bearing" for the wrench handle passing through it. This through hole spatially fixes a point concentric with the axis of the mirror frame 1. Two points define a straight line: The entire guiding system can be simplified to a geometric principle: a straight line is defined by two points. The first point is the mating point between the wrench disc head 31 and the inner wall of the mirror frame 1 (near the pressure ring 5), and the second point is the mating point between the through hole of the protective component 2 and the wrench handle (away from the pressure ring 5). Both points are forced to align with the axis of the mirror frame 1, thus defining a straight line coinciding with the axis of the mirror frame 1. The tightening wrench 3 can only move and rotate along this strictly defined straight line. This structure eliminates all non-axial degrees of freedom (radial translation and tilt) that may occur when the wrench is under force, ensuring that the force on the pressure ring 5 is a pure axial screwing force, fundamentally avoiding lateral scraping of the thread and stress concentration, and achieving the effect of "eliminating radial off-center stress" as required by the patent.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, both the tightening wrench 3 and the protective component 2 are made of aluminum alloy.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the dimensions of the mortise and tenon structure 33 are in tolerance fit with the dimensions of the end groove of the pressure ring 5, and the end face of the mortise and tenon structure 33 is in tolerance fit with the end face of the pressure ring 5.

[0033] Specifically, tolerance fit: This is a core concept in mechanical design, referring to the technical specifications that allow part dimensions to vary within a specific range. It refers to specifying the upper limit (maximum limit dimension) and lower limit (minimum limit dimension) of the dimension through precise calculations. When implementing this invention, it is necessary to consult mechanical design manuals (such as ISO or GB standards) to select the appropriate tolerance grade based on the dimensions and materials of the pressure ring 5 and the wrench, as well as the desired assembly feel. For example, for a fit requiring precise torque transmission without wobble, a transition fit or small clearance fit, such as H7 / g6 or H7 / h6, might be chosen. Dimensional tolerance fit between the mortise and tenon structure 33 and the groove: This means that the width, thickness, and other dimensions of the mortise and tenon (protrusion), and the width, depth, and other dimensions of the groove, are not machined according to theoretical values ​​(nominal dimensions), but rather each has a small tolerance band. During implementation, this will be clearly marked on the machining drawings, for example, the groove width is 10±0.01 mm, while the mortise and tenon width is 10-0.01 / -0.02 mm. This ensures that the mortise and tenon can be smoothly inserted into the groove with minimal gap, making any wobble almost imperceptible. The tolerance fit between the end face of the mortise and tenon structure 33 and the end face of the pressure ring 5: "End face fit" here refers to a more advanced requirement. It refers to the contact relationship between the bottom surface of the wrench-shaped head 31 (i.e., the bearing surface of the mortise) and the end face of the pressure ring 5 (i.e., the bearing surface of the groove) after the mortise and tenon are inserted into the groove. In practice, it is necessary to ensure that these two planes are not only parallel, but that the axial gap between them is controlled within an extremely small range (possibly a few micrometers). This requires controlling the axial dimensional tolerances of the relevant parts, such as the total height of the pressure ring 5, the groove depth, and the thickness of the wrench-shaped head 31.

[0034] This implementation eliminates the uncertainty caused by clearances, achieving precise and uniform force transmission. Its technical principles are based on rigid body mechanics and precision manufacturing. Eliminating backlash and improving response accuracy: Dimensional tolerances ensure virtually no radial or circumferential play between the tenon and groove. When the torque wrench begins to rotate, the torque is immediately and without delay transmitted to the pressure ring 5 via the side of the tenon, rather than being consumed in filling gaps first. This instantaneous force transmission provides the operator with a clear feel and facilitates precise control. Ensuring uniform end-face contact and avoiding bending moments: The tolerance fit of the end faces is the core of achieving "uniform force on the end face of the pressure ring 5." If there is a large gap or poor flatness, when the bottom of the wrench presses against the end face of the pressure ring 5, there may only be localized high-point contact. This creates a fulcrum during tightening, generating a huge bending moment, causing the pressure ring 5 to tilt. This is the root cause of unilateral thread stress and eventual locking. Through precise tolerance control, this invention ensures a large-area, uniform surface contact between the bottom surface of the wrench and the end face of the pressure ring 5, purely converting the applied torque into the axial precession force of the pressure ring 5 without generating harmful bending moments. This embodiment, by introducing a precise tolerance fit system, translates the relatively high-level concept of "mortise and tenon fit" into a quantifiable, manufacturable, and verifiable technical solution. It provides fundamental guarantees for "micro-stress" and "anti-locking" from a manufacturing precision perspective, and is a key step in transforming inventive concepts into industrialized products.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the mounting fixture is configured for mounting optical lenses 4 with a diameter-to-thickness ratio greater than 5:1.

[0036] Specifically, the aspect ratio: This is a key structural parameter of the optical lens 4, defined as the ratio (D / d) of the lens's aperture (D) to its center thickness (d). When implementing this invention, the operator or process engineer first needs to identify the aspect ratio of the lens to be assembled. For example, a lens with an aperture of 100mm and a center thickness of 15mm has an aspect ratio of approximately 6.7:1, which is greater than 5:1, and falls within the scope of this invention.

[0037] This implementation solves the long-standing industry problem of aligning large-aperture-ratio optical lenses. Its technical principle stems from a deep understanding of the unique mechanical properties of such lenses. The mechanical properties of large-aperture-ratio lenses: These lenses are thin and flat, with low structural rigidity, much like a thin glass plate, making them very easily deformed. Simultaneously, due to their large aperture, any minute stress unevenness is amplified. In traditional assembly, even slight tilting or uneven force on the pressure ring 5 can cause clamping stress on the lens, distorting its optical surface and severely affecting image quality. In more severe cases, it can lead to the pressure ring 5 thread locking or the lens breaking. The targeted solution principle of this fixture: The core value of the aforementioned "dual-guidance" mechanism is fully realized when dealing with large-aperture-ratio lenses. First, the alignment accuracy ensures that the force of the pressure ring 5 pressing down vertically passes through the lens's center of gravity, avoiding lens bending deformation caused by eccentric pressure. Second, eliminating radial off-center loading fundamentally eliminates the root cause of torsional loads and localized stress on the lens. For high-rigidity thick lenses, a slight tilt may not have much impact, but for delicate large-diameter-to-thickness lenses, the near-ideal axial clamping force provided by this invention is the only effective means to ensure their surface accuracy and assembly safety.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the disc-shaped head 31 has a recessed surface on the side away from the straight rod portion 32; when the mortise and tenon structure 33 engages with the pressure ring groove 51, a clearance space is formed between the recessed surface and the convex surface of the optical lens 4 facing the pressure ring 5, which is used to prevent the disc-shaped head 31 from contacting the optical lens 4 during assembly.

[0039] Specifically, the recessed surface is a recessed area machined into the bottom surface of the disc-shaped head 31 (i.e., the side where the mortise and tenon structure 33 is located). In practice, this recessed surface can be a continuous annular recess formed by turning or milling, or a countersunk surface. Its depth needs to be precisely calculated. The convex surface of the optical lens 4 facing the pressure ring 5: For common convex-flat lenses or biconvex lenses, the side pressed by the pressure ring 5 is a convex spherical surface. Clearance space: When the tooling is assembled and the mortise and tenon are engaged with the groove, a hollow, non-contact gap area will naturally form between the recessed surface of the disc-shaped head 31 and the convex surface of the lens.

[0040] This implementation achieves absolute physical isolation: regardless of the lens's convexity (radius of curvature), as long as the depth and range of the recessed surface are properly designed, a safe distance can be maintained between the metal body of the tooling (disc-shaped head 31) and the optical surface of the lens at any stage of the assembly process. This achieves "absolute physical isolation," eliminating the risk of scratching, contaminating, or crushing the lens at its source. This design also provides important fault tolerance. If there is a very slight eccentricity when placing the lens, or a slight deviation in the outer diameter of the lens itself, resulting in a slight difference between the lens's height within the frame 1 and the theoretical value, the existence of the clearance space can absorb this deviation, ensuring that a "hard collision" will not occur. Without this space, any tiny installation error could translate into point contact high pressure on the lens surface, causing irreversible damage. Therefore, it protects the optical components, making the entire assembly process safer and more reliable. This safety design is crucial for ensuring production yield, especially for high-value and extremely fragile infrared optical lenses 4 or specially coated lenses.

[0041] Example 2 Based on Example 1, this example proposes a high-efficiency and precision alignment system, including: The high-efficiency precision assembly tooling described above; Optical lens 4, which is housed within the frame 1; A torque wrench, which engages with the top end of the straight rod portion 32 of the fastening wrench 3, for applying rotational torque; The system is configured to, through the linkage between the tooling and the torque wrench, ensure that the pressure ring 5 only bears axial compressive stress during the screwing process, thereby eliminating radial off-center stress.

[0042] Example 3 Based on Example 1, this example proposes a method for aligning an optical lens 4, including the following steps: The optical lens 4 is placed in the frame 1 with its concave side facing down, so that the optical axis of the optical lens 4 is initially aligned with the rotation axis of the frame 1. Place the pressure ring 5 on the optical lens 4, then engage the mortise and tenon structure 33 of the fastening wrench 3 with the groove 51 of the pressure ring, and then put the protective component 2 on the outside of the lens frame 1, so that the inner wall of the protective component 2 matches the outer wall of the lens frame 1 and its inner hole matches the outer wall of the rod of the fastening wrench 3. A torque wrench is connected to the top of the fastening wrench 3 to apply rotational torque. During this process, the outer wall of the fastening wrench 3 and the inner wall of the mirror frame 1 are engaged, and the protective component 2 constrains the fastening wrench 3, resulting in a dual guiding effect. This guides the pressure ring 5 to be screwed in along the rotation axis of the mirror frame 1, ensuring that the end face of the pressure ring 5 is evenly stressed. After the pressure ring 5 is tightened to the predetermined torque, the torque wrench, the fastening wrench 3, and the protective component 2 are removed in sequence.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, applying rotational torque by connecting a torque wrench to the top of the fastening wrench 3 includes the following steps: Rotate the fastening wrench 3 with a first predetermined torque value until the pressure ring 5 makes initial contact with the surface of the optical lens 4; The tightening wrench 3 is rotated with a second predetermined torque value that is higher than the first predetermined torque value to finally lock the pressure ring 5, thereby eliminating assembly gaps and achieving micro-stress fixation.

[0044] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that due to the limitations of written expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of this invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and precision assembly fixture, characterized in that, include: A frame (1) is used to house an optical lens (4); Pressure ring (5), which can be screwed into the lens frame (1) to press the optical lens (4) from the axial direction of the lens frame (1). A fastening wrench (3) has a mortise and tenon structure (33) at its head that mates with a pressure ring groove (51). The pressure ring groove (51) is located on the end face of the pressure ring (5) facing the fastening wrench (3). The outer wall of the fastening wrench (3) is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the mirror frame (1) so that when the mortise and tenon structure (33) engages with the pressure ring groove (51), the rotation axis of the fastening wrench (3) coincides with the rotation axis of the mirror frame (1). The protective component (2) is sleeved on the outside of the mirror frame (1), its inner wall is matched with the outer wall surface of the mirror frame (1), and its inner hole is matched with the outer wall of the rod of the fastening wrench (3), which is used to constrain the fastening wrench (3) to move and rotate only along the rotation axis of the mirror frame (1) during the fastening process.

2. The high-efficiency precision assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tightening wrench (3) has a disc-shaped head (31) and a straight rod (32) connected to the disc-shaped head (31). The outer wall of the disc-shaped head (31) is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the mirror frame (1). The mortise and tenon structure (33) is provided on the side of the disc-shaped head (31) away from the straight rod (32). The top end of the straight rod (32) is provided with a shaped cylindrical structure, which is used to cooperate with the torque wrench to transmit torque.

3. The high-efficiency precision assembly fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protective component (2) includes a fixing sleeve having a first constraint portion (21) extending along the axial direction of the frame (1) and a second constraint portion (22) connected to the first constraint portion (21), wherein the extension direction of the second constraint portion (22) is the radial direction of the frame (1); The inner walls of the first constraint part (21) form the inner wall of the protective component (2) and cooperate with the outer circular surface of the mirror frame (1); the second constraint part (22) has a first through hole (221), the inner wall of the first through hole (221) forms the inner hole of the protective component (2) and cooperates with the outer wall surface of the straight rod part (32) of the fastening wrench (3).

4. The high-efficiency precision assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the tightening wrench (3) and the protective component (2) are made of aluminum alloy.

5. The high-efficiency precision assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimensions of the mortise and tenon structure (33) and the dimensions of the end groove of the pressure ring (5) are in tolerance fit, and the end face of the mortise and tenon structure (33) and the end face of the pressure ring (5) are in tolerance fit.

6. The high-efficiency precision assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting fixture is configured for mounting optical lenses (4) with a diameter-to-thickness ratio greater than 5:

1.

7. The high-efficiency precision assembly fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The disc-shaped head (31) has a recessed surface on the side away from the straight rod (32); when the mortise and tenon structure (33) is engaged with the pressure ring groove (51), a clearance space is formed between the recessed surface and the convex surface of the optical lens (4) facing the pressure ring (5), which is used to prevent the disc-shaped head (31) from contacting the optical lens (4) during assembly.

8. A high-efficiency precision assembly and calibration system, characterized in that: include: High-efficiency precision assembly tooling as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; An optical lens (4) is housed within the frame (1); A torque wrench, which engages with the top end of the straight rod portion (32) of the fastening wrench (3) to apply rotational torque; The system is configured to allow the pressure ring (5) to bear only axial compressive stress during screwing in, thereby eliminating radial off-center stress, through the linkage between the tooling and the torque wrench.

9. A method for aligning an optical lens (4) using the high-efficiency precision alignment fixture as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The optical lens (4) is placed in the frame (1) with its concave side facing down, so that the optical axis of the optical lens (4) is initially aligned with the rotation axis of the frame (1); Place the pressure ring (5) on the optical lens (4), then join the mortise and tenon structure (33) of the fastening wrench (3) with the groove (51) of the pressure ring, and then put the protective component (2) on the outside of the lens frame (1), so that the inner wall of the protective component (2) matches the outer wall of the lens frame (1) and its inner hole matches the outer wall of the rod of the fastening wrench (3); A torque wrench is connected to the top of the fastening wrench (3) to apply rotational torque. During this process, the outer wall of the fastening wrench (3) and the inner wall of the mirror frame (1) cooperate with each other, and the protective component (2) constrains the fastening wrench (3), generating a double guiding effect to guide the pressure ring (5) to be screwed in along the rotation axis of the mirror frame (1), ensuring that the end face of the pressure ring (5) is evenly stressed. After the pressure ring (5) is tightened to the predetermined torque, the torque wrench, the fastening wrench (3) and the protective component (2) are removed in sequence.

10. The optical lens (4) mounting and calibration method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method of applying rotational torque by connecting a torque wrench to the top of the fastening wrench (3) includes the following steps: Rotate the fastening wrench (3) with a first predetermined torque value until the pressure ring (5) makes initial contact with the surface of the optical lens (4); The tightening wrench (3) is rotated to a second predetermined torque value higher than the first predetermined torque value to finally lock the pressure ring (5) to eliminate assembly gaps and achieve micro-stress fixation.

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