Solar cell and solar cell packaging method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and discloses a solar cell and a solar cell packaging method. The battery piece comprises a battery piece body and an insulating glue layer. The battery piece body is provided with a front surface and a back surface which are opposite, and grid lines are arranged on the battery piece body; the battery piece body is provided with an insulating glue layer, and the insulating glue layer covers part of the grid lines. The solar cell piece packaging method is used for processing and forming the solar cell piece. The solar cell piece packaging method comprises the following steps: S1, processing and forming the grid lines on the back surface of the cell piece body; s2, processing and forming an insulating glue layer on the battery piece body, and ensuring that the insulating glue layer covers part of the grid lines; and S3, removing the insulating glue layer in a local area above the grid line. According to the invention, when the battery piece is manufactured, isolation paper does not need to be added for packaging, and only the insulating glue layer needs to be manufactured and formed on the battery piece body, so that the manufacturing process flow of the battery piece can be simplified, and the processing cost of the battery piece is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a solar cell and a method for packaging solar cells. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that uses the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor materials to directly convert sunlight into electrical energy. It has become a core force in the global energy transition. Photovoltaic cells are the smallest core unit of solar power generation. Photovoltaic cells are inherently brittle semiconductors, typically only 150μm-200μm thick. To protect them, photovoltaic cells must be encapsulated.

[0003] Interdigitated Back Contact (IBC) cells are among the most efficient commercially available solar cell technologies. Their core feature is that all electrodes are located on the back of the cell, with no grid lines obstructing the front, thus maximizing light absorption and current output. In existing technologies, the electroplating metallization route for IBC cells and modules includes the following steps: 1. Metal seed layer fabrication → 2. Copper electroplating → 3. Tin electroplating → 4. Patterned masking → 5. Cleaning of non-grid areas → 6. Testing and sorting → 7. Packaging with spacers → 8. Printing and curing insulating adhesive on the module → 9. Printing and curing solder paste.

[0004] However, the above process is complex, resulting in high processing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solar cell and a solar cell packaging method, which can reduce the packaging cost of the solar cell.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A solar cell, comprising:

[0008] A battery cell body having a front and a back side facing each other, and grid lines provided on the battery cell body;

[0009] An insulating adhesive layer is provided on the battery cell body, and the insulating adhesive layer covers a portion of the grid lines.

[0010] Optionally, the grid line is provided with solder strip connection points, and at least a portion of the solder strip connection points is not covered by the insulating adhesive layer.

[0011] Optionally, an avoidance notch is provided on the insulating adhesive layer at the grid line, and the welding strip connection point is provided at the avoidance notch.

[0012] Optionally, the grid lines are provided on the back side.

[0013] Optionally, the insulating adhesive layer comprises:

[0014] A front insulating adhesive layer covers the front side;

[0015] A back insulating adhesive layer covers the back side;

[0016] A side insulating adhesive layer is provided on at least one side of the battery cell body.

[0017] Optionally, the insulating adhesive layer includes a defined area encapsulating adhesive layer, and the front side is provided with a plurality of defined area encapsulating adhesive layers at intervals; and / or

[0018] The insulating adhesive layer includes a defined area encapsulating adhesive layer, and the back side is provided with a plurality of defined area encapsulating adhesive layers at intervals.

[0019] Optionally, the insulating adhesive layer includes a defined area encapsulating adhesive layer, and each of the gate lines is provided with a defined area encapsulating adhesive layer.

[0020] A method for encapsulating a solar cell, used to process and form a solar cell as described above, the method comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1. Forming grid lines on the battery cell body;

[0022] S2. An insulating adhesive layer is formed on the battery cell body, and the insulating adhesive layer is ensured to at least cover a portion of the grid lines;

[0023] S3. Remove the insulating adhesive layer from a local area above the grid line.

[0024] Optionally, the insulating adhesive layer includes a front insulating adhesive layer, a back insulating adhesive layer, and a side insulating adhesive layer;

[0025] Step S2 includes:

[0026] The battery cell body is placed in a flower basket, and then the flower basket is immersed in a coating liquid so that a front insulating adhesive layer is formed on the front side, a back insulating adhesive layer is formed on the back side, and a side insulating adhesive layer is formed on at least one side of the battery cell body.

[0027] Optionally, the insulating adhesive layer includes multiple encapsulating adhesive layers for defined areas;

[0028] Step S2 includes:

[0029] An encapsulating adhesive layer is formed on the battery cell body using inkjet or screen printing methods to create a defined area.

[0030] Optionally, the front side is provided with a plurality of the defined area encapsulating adhesive layers at intervals; and / or

[0031] The back surface is provided with multiple layers of encapsulating adhesive for designated areas at intervals.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0033] The solar cell proposed in this invention eliminates the need for inserting paper for packaging during manufacturing. Instead, an insulating adhesive layer is formed directly on the cell body, simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing processing costs. Furthermore, the insulating adhesive layer covers part of the grid lines, providing protection for them.

[0034] The solar cell encapsulation method proposed in this invention eliminates the need for spacer paper during solar cell manufacturing. Instead, an insulating adhesive layer is formed directly on the cell body, simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing processing costs. Furthermore, the insulating adhesive layer covers part of the grid lines, providing protection for them. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first form of the solar cell provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second form of the solar cell provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third form of the solar cell provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell without solder strip connection points provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a solar cell with solder strip connection points installed.

[0041] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Top view;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the solar cell encapsulation method provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of step S1 in the solar cell encapsulation method provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0044] In the picture:

[0045] 1. Battery cell body; 11. Front view; 12. Back view;

[0046] 2. Insulating adhesive layer; 21. Clearance notch; 22. Front insulating adhesive layer; 23. Back insulating adhesive layer; 24. Side insulating adhesive layer; 25. Encapsulating adhesive layer for designated areas;

[0047] 3. Grid lines;

[0048] 4. Welding strip connection point. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0050] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0052] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] See Figures 1-6 This embodiment provides a solar cell.

[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment, the solar cell includes a cell body 1 and an insulating adhesive layer 2.

[0056] The battery cell body 1 has a front side 11 and a back side 12, and grid lines 3 are provided on the battery cell body 1.

[0057] An insulating adhesive layer 2 is provided on the cell body 1, and the insulating adhesive layer 2 covers part of the grid lines 3.

[0058] The solar cell provided in this embodiment does not require additional packaging with insulating paper during manufacturing. Instead, an insulating adhesive layer 2 is formed directly on the cell body 1, simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing processing costs. Simultaneously, the insulating adhesive layer 2 covers a portion of the grid lines 3, providing protection for them.

[0059] Optionally, in this embodiment, a grid line 3 is provided on the back side 12.

[0060] Specifically, in some embodiments, the grid lines 3 may be provided only on the back side 12. Of course, in other embodiments, the grid lines 3 may be provided on both the front side 11 and the back side 12. That is, the specific location of the grid lines 3 can be set as needed, and no further restrictions are imposed here.

[0061] See Figure 1 Optionally, in some embodiments, the insulating adhesive layer 2 includes a front insulating adhesive layer 22, a back insulating adhesive layer 23, and a side insulating adhesive layer 24.

[0062] The front insulating adhesive layer 22 covers the front side 11.

[0063] The back insulating layer 23 covers the back side 12.

[0064] At least one side of the battery cell body 1 is provided with a side insulating adhesive layer 24.

[0065] Alternatively, each side of the battery cell body 1 is provided with a side insulating adhesive layer 24.

[0066] It should be noted that the side surface of the battery cell body 1 includes the peripheral side surface and the chamfered surface around the battery cell body 1.

[0067] Specifically, the insulating adhesive layer described above can be formed on the battery cell body 1 by immersion coating. More specifically, the battery cell body 1 is placed in a flower basket, and then the flower basket is immersed in the coating liquid (i.e., insulating adhesive). Afterward, the flower basket is removed and left to stand, allowing the coating liquid to flow evenly naturally, and then the flower basket is dried and cured.

[0068] Optionally, the thickness of the front insulating layer 22 is 0.4μm-10μm; the thickness of the back insulating layer 23 is 3μm-10μm; and the thickness of the side insulating layer 24 is 0.4μm-10μm.

[0069] Optionally, the insulating adhesive is made of a carbon chain polymer resin.

[0070] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, see [link to other embodiments]. Figure 2 The insulating adhesive layer 2 includes a set area encapsulating adhesive layer 25, and a plurality of set area encapsulating adhesive layers 25 are spaced apart on the front side 11; and / or

[0071] See Figure 3 The insulating adhesive layer 2 includes a set area encapsulating adhesive layer 25, and a plurality of set area encapsulating adhesive layers 25 are provided at intervals on the back side 12.

[0072] Furthermore, the insulating adhesive layer 2 includes a defined area encapsulating adhesive layer 25, with a defined area encapsulating adhesive layer 25 provided at each gate line 3.

[0073] Optionally, the encapsulating adhesive layer 25 for the designated area can be obtained by inkjet printing or screen printing.

[0074] It is understood that on the cell body 1, the designated area encapsulating adhesive layer 25 can be disposed on at least one of the front side 11, the back side 12, and the grid line 3.

[0075] If the selected setting area encapsulating layer 25 is located on a light-receiving surface, the insulating adhesive is preferably a resin material with high transmittance, high breakdown strength, and high sealing performance.

[0076] If the selected setting area encapsulating layer 25 is not located on a light-receiving surface, then a high transmittance material is not necessary to save costs.

[0077] It should be noted that the light-receiving surface is relative to the component type and is not limited to the front side 11.

[0078] See Figures 4-6The grid line 3 is provided with a solder strip connection point 4, and at least a portion of the solder strip connection point 4 is not covered by the insulating adhesive layer 2.

[0079] This configuration ensures that grid line 3 can be stably electrically connected to the solder ribbon through solder ribbon connection point 4.

[0080] Furthermore, an avoidance notch 21 is provided on the insulating adhesive layer 2 at the grid line 3, and a welding strip connection point 4 is provided at the avoidance notch 21.

[0081] Optionally, the clearance gap 21 can be obtained by dissolving part of the insulating adhesive layer 2 with a dissolving solution to ensure the welding quality between the solder strip and the grid line 3.

[0082] Specifically, in this embodiment, there are multiple gate lines 3; the gate lines 3 include positive gate lines and negative gate lines, which are distributed alternately.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] See Figure 7 This embodiment provides a solar cell encapsulation method for processing and forming a solar cell as shown in Embodiment 1.

[0085] Specifically, the solar cell encapsulation method includes the following steps:

[0086] S1. A grid line 3 is formed on the back side 12 of the battery cell body 1;

[0087] S2. An insulating adhesive layer 2 is formed on the cell body 1, and the insulating adhesive layer 2 is ensured to cover at least part of the grid lines 3.

[0088] S3. Remove the insulating adhesive layer 2 from the local area above the grid line 3.

[0089] The solar cell encapsulation method provided in this embodiment eliminates the need for spacer paper during solar cell manufacturing. Instead, an insulating adhesive layer 2 is formed on the cell body 1, simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing processing costs. Simultaneously, the insulating adhesive layer 2 covers a portion of the grid lines 3, providing protection for them.

[0090] In this embodiment, by performing step S3, the insulating adhesive layer 2 in a local area above the grid line 3 is removed to form an avoidance gap 21, which facilitates the setting of the solder strip connection point 4 at the avoidance gap 21.

[0091] Optionally, in this embodiment, a method of dissolving part of the insulating adhesive layer 2 with a dissolving solution is used to remove the insulating adhesive layer 2 in a local area above the grid line 3 to form an avoidance gap 21.

[0092] More specifically, in step S3, an encapsulation layer etchant is added to the solder paste, causing the solder paste to dissolve part of the insulating adhesive layer 2 to obtain the clearance gap 21.

[0093] See Figure 8 Step S1 includes:

[0094] S11. A metal seed layer is fabricated on the battery cell body 1;

[0095] S12. Perform copper electroplating on the metal seed layer to form a copper plating layer;

[0096] S13. Perform patterned masking on the electroplated copper layer to form gate lines;

[0097] S14. Clean the non-grid area of ​​the solar cell;

[0098] Specifically, in step S11, the battery cell body 1 can be a battery cell body 1 that has not undergone anti-oxidation treatment.

[0099] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the following operations are required after step S3:

[0100] S4. Test and sort the solar cells;

[0101] S5. Print and cure solder paste on the solar cells.

[0102] Specifically, in step S5, the solder paste at the clearance notch 21 is cured to form a solder ribbon connection point 4 to ensure the soldering quality between the solder ribbon and the gate line 3. The solder ribbon connection point 4 is set at the clearance notch 21 to maintain connection with the gate line 3, thereby ensuring the soldering quality between the solder ribbon and the gate line 3.

[0103] Optionally, in some embodiments, the insulating adhesive layer 2 includes a front insulating adhesive layer 22, a back insulating adhesive layer 23, and a side insulating adhesive layer 24.

[0104] Step S2 includes: placing the battery cell body 1 in a flower basket, then immersing the flower basket in the coating liquid, then removing the flower basket and letting it stand to allow the coating liquid to flow evenly naturally, and then drying and curing the flower basket so that a front insulating adhesive layer 22 is formed on the front side 11, a back insulating adhesive layer 23 is formed on the back side 12, and a side insulating adhesive layer 24 is formed on at least one side of the battery cell body 1.

[0105] Alternatively, in step S2, a side insulating adhesive layer 24 is formed on each side of the battery cell body 1.

[0106] Optionally, in this embodiment, when curing the solar cells on the flower basket, UV curing is used to print solder paste onto the solar cells; wherein the curing wavelength is 270nm-340nm; and the curing time is 5min-15min.

[0107] Of course, in other embodiments, when curing the solar cells on the flower basket, a thermal curing method can also be used to print solder paste on the solar cells; wherein the curing temperature is 90℃-150℃ and the curing time is 2min-15min.

[0108] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the insulating adhesive layer 2 includes a plurality of defined area encapsulating adhesive layers 25.

[0109] Step S2 includes: forming a set area encapsulating adhesive layer 25 on the battery cell body 1 by inkjet printing or screen printing.

[0110] Furthermore, the front side 11 is provided with multiple defined areas of encapsulating adhesive layers 25; and / or

[0111] Multiple sealing adhesive layers 25 are provided at intervals on the back side 12.

[0112] In this embodiment, gate line 3 is a copper gate line.

[0113] When cleaning non-gate area, no solder layer cleaning is required.

[0114] The insulating layer 2 prevents wear caused by direct contact between the solar cell body 1 and other materials, thus eliminating the need for additional packaging paper. Furthermore, there is no need to print and cure insulating adhesive at the module end.

[0115] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that, include: The battery cell body (1) has a front side (11) and a back side (12) facing each other, and grid lines (3) are provided on the battery cell body (1). An insulating adhesive layer (2) is provided on the battery cell body (1), and the insulating adhesive layer (2) covers part of the grid lines (3).

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grid line (3) is provided with a solder strip connection point (4), and at least a portion of the solder strip connection point (4) is not covered by the insulating adhesive layer (2).

3. The battery cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, An avoidance notch (21) is provided on the insulating adhesive layer (2) at the grid line (3), and the welding strip connection point (4) is provided at the avoidance notch (21).

4. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grid line (3) is provided on the back side (12).

5. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating adhesive layer (2) includes: A front insulating adhesive layer (22) covers the front side (11). A back insulating layer (23) covers the back side (12). Side insulating adhesive layer (24) is provided on at least one side of the battery cell body (1).

6. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating adhesive layer (2) includes a designated area encapsulating adhesive layer (25), and the front side (11) is provided with a plurality of designated area encapsulating adhesive layers (25) at intervals; and / or The insulating adhesive layer (2) includes a set area encapsulating adhesive layer (25), and the back side (12) is provided with a plurality of set area encapsulating adhesive layers (25) at intervals.

7. The battery cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, The insulating adhesive layer (2) includes a designated area encapsulating adhesive layer (25), and a designated area encapsulating adhesive layer (25) is provided at each of the gate lines (3).

8. A method for encapsulating solar cells, characterized in that, The solar cell encapsulation method for processing into a solar cell as described in any one of claims 1-6 includes the following steps: S1. A grid line (3) is formed on the cell body (1). S2. An insulating adhesive layer (2) is formed on the battery cell body (1), and the insulating adhesive layer (2) is ensured to cover at least part of the grid lines (3). S3. Remove the insulating adhesive layer (2) from the local area above the grid line (3).

9. The battery cell packaging method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The insulating adhesive layer (2) includes a front insulating adhesive layer (22), a back insulating adhesive layer (23), and a side insulating adhesive layer (24). Step S2 includes: The battery cell body (1) is placed in a flower basket, and then the flower basket is immersed in a coating liquid so that a front insulating adhesive layer (22) is formed on the front side (11), a back insulating adhesive layer (23) is formed on the back side (12), and a side insulating adhesive layer (24) is formed on at least one side of the battery cell body (1).

10. The battery cell packaging method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The insulating adhesive layer (2) includes multiple encapsulating adhesive layers (25) for defined areas; Step S2 includes: An encapsulating adhesive layer (25) in a designated area is formed on the battery cell body (1) by inkjet printing or screen printing.

11. The battery cell packaging method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The front side (11) is provided with a plurality of the defined area encapsulating adhesive layers (25) at intervals; and / or The back side (12) is provided with a plurality of the designated area encapsulating adhesive layers (25) at intervals.

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