A low water permeation packaging method suitable for offshore photovoltaic modules

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and discloses a low-water-transmission packaging method suitable for offshore photovoltaic modules, which comprises the following steps: S1, front glass laying; S2, laying the front adhesive film with POE adhesive film on the periphery and EVA adhesive film on the inner side on the front glass; S3, laying the cell string on the front adhesive film and completing the overlay welding to form a cell string array; S4, laying the back adhesive film same with the front adhesive film on the cell string array; S5, laying the back glass on the back adhesive film; and S6, photovoltaic module laminating. Through the use of the low-water-transmission packaging method suitable for offshore photovoltaic modules, the front adhesive film and the back adhesive film with the POE adhesive film on the periphery and the EVA adhesive film on the inner side are laid, so that the POE adhesive film covers the periphery side and the edge area of the upper and lower surfaces of the cell string array after lamination; the low-water-transmission packaging method of the photovoltaic module is simple in operation, low in cost, saves manpower and material resources, and can long-term guarantee the waterproof effect of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic module technology, and more specifically, to a low water permeability encapsulation method suitable for offshore photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] Offshore photovoltaic modules are photovoltaic modules specifically designed for marine environments. Their core strength lies in using encapsulation materials and processes with low water vapor permeability to prevent external moisture from penetrating into the module's interior. This protects core components such as cells and solder ribbons from corrosion caused by the humid environment, thereby extending the lifespan of the cells, reducing maintenance costs, and ensuring the power generation efficiency of the cells.

[0003] Existing low water permeability encapsulation solutions for photovoltaic modules typically involve coating the inside of the module with butyl rubber around its perimeter. This method requires a high-quality butyl rubber formulation, involves expensive equipment and complex processes, and is not conducive to mass production, thus failing to effectively reduce costs. Alternatively, it can be achieved by sealing the outer edges with aluminum foil tape. However, with this method, the adhesion strength between the aluminum foil tape and the glass interface decreases after aging, posing a risk of tape detachment and affecting the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic module. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a low water permeability encapsulation method for marine photovoltaic modules using a special PEP film.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a low water permeability encapsulation method suitable for offshore photovoltaic modules, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Front glass installation;

[0007] S2. Lay the front adhesive film, with POE film on all sides and EVA film on the inside, onto the front glass.

[0008] S3. Lay the battery string on the front adhesive film and complete the stacking to form a battery string array. The projection of the four sides of the battery string array on the front adhesive film is located in the POE adhesive film area.

[0009] S4. Lay a back adhesive film, identical to the front adhesive film, onto the battery string array;

[0010] S5. Lay the back glass onto the back adhesive film;

[0011] S6, Photovoltaic module lamination.

[0012] By using the low water permeability encapsulation method for marine photovoltaic modules described in this invention, costs can be effectively reduced and the waterproof performance of photovoltaic modules can be guaranteed for a long time.

[0013] Preferably, the front adhesive film is an integral adhesive film with POE adhesive film on all four sides and EVA adhesive film on the inner side, or the front adhesive film is a separate adhesive film consisting of PEP adhesive film and two overlapping POE strips, with the EVA adhesive film in the middle of the PEP adhesive film and POE strips on both sides. This design allows for the selection of different types of front adhesive films as needed.

[0014] Preferably, the front encapsulating film is a separate encapsulating film consisting of a PEP encapsulating film and two POE strips overlapped together. In steps S2 and S4, only the PEP encapsulating film is laid. Before step S4, the two POE strips of the front encapsulating film and the two POE strips of the back encapsulating film are laid on the upper and lower sides of the cell string array, respectively. This design helps reduce the number of processes and improve the encapsulation efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

[0015] Preferably, the POE film strips are located within a 10-30mm range on both sides of the PEP film. This design allows for the creation of PEP films of different sizes based on the dimensions of the cell string array, which helps improve the cost-effectiveness of photovoltaic modules.

[0016] Preferably, in steps S2 and S4, the beginning and end portions of the PEP film are 20-30 mm smaller than the beginning and end portions of the front glass, and in step S3, the beginning and end portions of the battery string array are 15-25 mm smaller than the beginning and end portions of the front glass. This design facilitates the formation of a continuous film in the overlapping area of ​​the POE strips after lamination.

[0017] Preferably, in steps S2 and S4, the two sides of the PEP film are 0-5 mm smaller than the edge of the front glass, and in step S3, the two sides of the battery string array are 10-15 mm smaller than the edge of the front glass. This design facilitates the formation of a continuous film between the POE strips of the front film and the POE strips of the back film after lamination.

[0018] Preferably, the length of the POE strip is equal to the width of the PEP film, the width of the POE strip is 25-50mm, the overlap width between the POE strip and the PEP film is 5-20mm, and the beginning and end portions of the front film are 0-5mm smaller than the edge of the front glass. This design helps ensure that after lamination, the POE strip and the PEP film form a stable whole.

[0019] Preferably, in step S6, the photovoltaic module is laminated using a laminating device. The laminating device includes a heating component, a robotic arm, and a sealing film component. The robotic arm holds the sealing film component, and the sealing film component is provided with a negative pressure tube and an injection tube. Step S6 includes the following steps:

[0020] S61. The robotic arm controls the sealing component to cause the negative pressure tube and the injection tube to extend between the front adhesive film and the back adhesive film;

[0021] S62, The heating component heats the photovoltaic module;

[0022] S63. The negative pressure tube continuously draws in air, and the robotic arm drives the sealing film to move circumferentially along the battery string array;

[0023] S64. The injection tube injects POE adhesive, and the robotic arm pulls the negative pressure tube and the injection tube out from between the front glass and the back glass.

[0024] S65, Cooling and Curing.

[0025] This design ensures that no air bubbles or gaps are generated when the front and back adhesive films are fused together, which helps to improve the quality of lamination and encapsulation.

[0026] Preferably, the heating assembly includes a central heating block and a plurality of edge heating blocks arranged in a ring around the central heating block. The central heating block heats the EVA film area, and the edge heating blocks heat the POE film area.

[0027] In step S62, the intermediate heating block and the edge heating block reach a first preset temperature. In step S63, the intermediate heating block reaches a second preset temperature, and as the negative pressure tube moves, the edge heating block behind the negative pressure tube reaches the second preset temperature. This design, by controlling the heating process of the photovoltaic module, helps to further improve the quality of lamination and encapsulation.

[0028] Preferably, a scraper is fixedly mounted on the sealing component. This design allows the scraper to make the POE film around the battery string array more dense, which is beneficial to improving the encapsulation quality of the photovoltaic module.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0030] By using the low water permeability encapsulation method for marine photovoltaic modules described in this invention, a front and back film with POE film on all four sides and EVA film on the inside is laid. After lamination, the POE film covers the edges of the four sides and the top and bottom surfaces of the battery string array, thereby effectively blocking water vapor. The low water permeability encapsulation method for photovoltaic modules is simple to operate, low in cost, saves manpower and resources, and can ensure the waterproof effect of photovoltaic modules for a long time. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1This is an exploded view of the overall structure of a photovoltaic module (the front encapsulant film is an integrated encapsulant film).

[0032] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the front adhesive film (the front adhesive film is a one-piece adhesive film).

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of a photovoltaic module (the front encapsulant film is an integrated encapsulant film).

[0034] Figure 4 This is a side view of a photovoltaic module (the front encapsulant film is an integrated film).

[0035] Figure 5 This is an exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of the photovoltaic module in Example 3;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the front adhesive film in Example 3;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the PEP film in Example 3;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section of the photovoltaic module in Example 3;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a side cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module in Example 3;

[0040] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 11 yes Figure 9 Enlarged view of the structure at point B;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lamination device;

[0043] Figure 13 This is a front view schematic diagram of the lamination device and photovoltaic modules;

[0044] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Enlarged view of the structure at point C;

[0045] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sealing component;

[0046] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view of the sealing film component;

[0047] Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressure plate and heating assembly (following the direction of the arrows in the diagram, multiple edge heating blocks sequentially reach the second preset temperature).

[0048] Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pad and heating assembly (following the direction of the arrow in the diagram, multiple edge heating blocks sequentially reach the second preset temperature).

[0049] In the diagram: 100, photovoltaic module; 110, front glass; 120, front encapsulant film; 121, POE encapsulant film; 122, EVA encapsulant film; 123, PEP encapsulant film; 124, POE film strip; 125, POE strip; 130, cell string array; 140, back encapsulant film; 150, back glass;

[0050] 200. Lamination device; 210. Heating component; 211. Intermediate heating block; 212. Edge heating block; 220. Robotic arm; 230. Sealing component; 231. Negative pressure tube; 232. Injection tube; 233. Suction channel; 234. Injection channel; 235. Scraper; 240. Workbench; 250. Support; 260. Cylinder; 270. Pressure plate; 280. Pad. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein. Changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, features described in some examples may be combined in other examples.

[0052] To better understand this invention, the following is combined with... Figures 1-18 A low water permeability encapsulation method for offshore photovoltaic modules is described in detail below.

[0053] Example 1:

[0054] like Figures 1-9 As shown, a low water permeability encapsulation method for offshore photovoltaic modules includes the following steps:

[0055] S1, Front glass 110 is installed;

[0056] S2. Lay the front adhesive film 120, which has POE adhesive film 121 on all sides and EVA adhesive film 122 on the inside, onto the front glass 110.

[0057] S3. The battery string is laid on the front adhesive film 120 and the stacking is completed to form a battery string array 130. The projection of the four sides of the battery string array 130 on the front adhesive film 120 is located in the POE adhesive film 121 area.

[0058] S4. Lay the same back adhesive film 140 as the front adhesive film 120 on the battery string array 130.

[0059] S5. Lay the back glass 150 on the back adhesive film 140;

[0060] S6, photovoltaic modules are 100-layer laminated.

[0061] It should be noted that the back adhesive film 140 is surrounded by POE adhesive film 121 and the inner side is EVA adhesive film 122. The back adhesive film 140 and the front adhesive film 120 are mirror images of each other about the horizontal symmetry plane of the battery string array 130. Therefore, the projection of the sides of the battery string array 130 onto the back adhesive film 140 is located in the POE adhesive film 121 area of ​​the back adhesive film 140.

[0062] After the front glass 110, front encapsulant film 120, battery string array 130, back encapsulant film 140 and back glass 150 are laid out sequentially from bottom to top, a photovoltaic module 100 is formed. At this time, the inner side of the POE encapsulant film 121 covers the four edges of the upper and lower surfaces of the battery string array 130, the outer side of the POE encapsulant film 121 extends out of the upper and lower surface areas of the battery string array 130, and the EVA encapsulant film 122 covers the middle area of ​​the upper and lower surfaces of the battery string array 130.

[0063] In S3, the battery strings are stacked by a photovoltaic stacking machine. First, the photovoltaic stacking machine picks up all the battery strings on the front adhesive film 120 by a suction cup, then delivers the bus bar and welds the bus bar to the battery strings to form a battery string array 130, and then puts the battery string array 130 back onto the front adhesive film 120.

[0064] After laminating the photovoltaic module 100 in step S6, the various components of the photovoltaic module 100 are connected into a whole. In this process, the POE film 121 of the front encapsulant film 120 and the back encapsulant film 140 are first melted and bonded together, and then cooled and solidified to bond the front glass 110, the cell string array 130 and the back glass 150 together. The edges of the four sides and the upper and lower surfaces of the cell string array 130 are covered by the POE film 121. The EVA film 122 of the front encapsulant film 120 and the back encapsulant film 140 are first melted and then cooled and solidified to bond the front glass 110, the cell string array 130 and the back glass 150 together. The middle area of ​​the upper and lower surfaces of the cell string array 130 is covered by the EVA film 122. After the photovoltaic module 100 is laminated, subsequent finishing operations such as edge trimming and framing are performed.

[0065] Water vapor mainly penetrates into the photovoltaic module 100 through the gap between the front glass 110 and the back glass 150. That is, water vapor mainly comes into contact with the battery string array 130 through the encapsulant film on the sides of the battery string array 130, causing the battery string array 130 to become damp and affecting the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100. The water vapor transmittance of the POE encapsulant film 121 is about one-tenth that of the EVA encapsulant film 122, which greatly improves the water vapor barrier capability of the photovoltaic module 100, ensuring that the photovoltaic module 100 can still maintain high efficiency at sea, avoiding problems such as decreased light transmittance and cell failure caused by water vapor penetration, which is conducive to maintaining the long-term power generation performance of the photovoltaic module 100 and reducing maintenance costs.

[0066] POE film 121 is a preferred low water permeability photovoltaic film. Other low water permeability photovoltaic films that have high adhesion to the front glass 110, the back glass 150 and the cell string array 130 after cross-linking can also be used.

[0067] By using a low water permeability encapsulation method for marine photovoltaic modules according to the present invention, a front film 120 and a back film 140 with POE film 121 on all sides and EVA film 122 on the inside are laid. After lamination, the POE film 121 covers the edges of the four sides and the upper and lower surfaces of the battery string array 130, thereby effectively blocking water vapor and greatly reducing the probability of water vapor penetrating into the interior of the photovoltaic module 100 and coming into contact with the battery string array 130. Moreover, the low water permeability encapsulation method of the photovoltaic module 100 is simple to operate and saves manpower and material resources.

[0068] Because the encapsulation of butyl rubber has high requirements for the formulation of butyl rubber and the equipment is expensive, while the price of POE is almost twice that of EVA, the encapsulation method of the present invention is cheaper than the encapsulation method of using butyl rubber or the encapsulation method of using POE film 121, thereby achieving the purpose of effective cost reduction.

[0069] Compared to the method of using aluminum foil tape for encapsulation, the overall adhesive film formed by lamination of the present invention completely covers the battery string array 130 and will not age or peel off, thus ensuring the waterproof effect of the photovoltaic module 100 for a long time.

[0070] Example 2:

[0071] As an optimization of Example 1, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the front adhesive film 120 is an integrated adhesive film with POE adhesive film 121 on all four sides and EVA adhesive film 122 on the inside, or the front adhesive film 120 is a split adhesive film consisting of PEP adhesive film 123 and two POE strips 125 overlapping each other, with EVA adhesive film 122 in the middle part of PEP adhesive film 123 and POE film strips 124 on both sides.

[0072] It should be noted that if the front adhesive film 120 is set as an integrated film with POE adhesive film 121 on all four sides and EVA adhesive film 122 on the inside, then the front adhesive film 120 can be stacked and packaged after manufacturing. Laying the front adhesive film 120 is convenient, but the production difficulty and cost are higher. If the front adhesive film 120 is set as a separate film consisting of PEP adhesive film 123 and two overlapping POE strips 125, then the PEP adhesive film 123 can be rolled into a film roll for packaging after manufacturing. The production difficulty and cost of the front adhesive film 120 are lower, but the laying process of the front adhesive film 120 is more complex. The POE film strip 124 and the POE strip 125 are combined to form the POE film 121. The length direction of the POE film strip 124 is the same as the length direction of the PEP film 123. After the PEP film 123 and the two POE strips 125 of the front film 120 are laid, the two POE strips 125 overlap the head and tail of the PEP film 123 respectively, and the length direction of the POE strip 125 is perpendicular to the length direction of the PEP film 123. The length of the POE strip 125 is equal to the width of the PEP film 123. The POE strip 125 is also a film.

[0073] The back adhesive film 140 is exactly the same as the front adhesive film 120 in terms of material, composition and size, so it will not be described again here.

[0074] Example 3:

[0075] As an optimization of Example 2, such as Figures 5-9 As shown, the front adhesive film 120 is a split adhesive film consisting of a PEP adhesive film 123 and two POE strips 125 overlapped together. In S2 and S4, only the PEP adhesive film 123 is laid. Before S4, the two POE strips 125 of the front adhesive film 120 and the two POE strips 125 of the back adhesive film 140 are laid on the upper and lower sides of the battery string array 130, respectively.

[0076] It should be noted that in S2, only the PEP film 123 of the front adhesive film 120 is laid, and in S4, only the PEP film 123 of the back adhesive film 140 is laid. After the S3 overlay is completed, the two POE strips 125 of the front adhesive film 120 are laid first, and then the two POE strips 125 of the back adhesive film 140 are laid. After the POE strips 125 are laid, the POE strips 125 are located between the battery string array 130 and the PEP film 123.

[0077] By first laying the battery strings and then stacking and welding them, and then laying the four POE strips 125, on the one hand, the laying of the four POE strips 125 can be completed in one process, which helps to reduce the number of processes and improve the encapsulation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100. On the other hand, it is more convenient to lay the two POE strips 125 on the front film 120. If the two POE strips 125 on the front film 120 are laid first, the POE strips 125 are prone to displacement when all the battery strings are picked up during the stacking and welding process. The position of the POE strips 125 needs to be readjusted, which requires an additional process of adjusting the POE strips 125, resulting in an increase in encapsulation cost.

[0078] Example 4:

[0079] As an optimization of Example 3, such as Figure 7 As shown, POE film strips 124 are located within a 10-30mm range on both sides of the PEP film 123.

[0080] It should be noted that the width of the POE film strips 124 on both sides of the PEP film 123 is 10-30mm. The larger the size of the battery string array 130, the wider the POE film strips 124 should be. While ensuring the waterproof effect of the photovoltaic module 100, the width of the POE film strips 124 should be minimized as much as possible to ensure the effective use of the POE film strips 124 and improve the cost performance of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0081] Example 5:

[0082] As an optimization of Example 4, such as Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, in S2 and S4, the beginning and end portions of the PEP film 123 are 20-30 mm smaller than the beginning and end portions of the front glass 110, and in S3, the beginning and end portions of the battery string array 130 are 15-25 mm smaller than the beginning and end portions of the front glass 110.

[0083] It should be noted that the beginning and end portions refer to the two ends along the length of the photovoltaic module 100. After the photovoltaic module 100 is laid out, the beginning and end portions of the PEP film 123 do not exceed the range of the battery string array 130.

[0084] Preferably, the beginning and end edges of the battery string array 130 extend 5mm beyond the beginning and end edges of the PEP film 123, ensuring that the overlapping area of ​​the POE strip 125 and the PEP film 123 is within the range of the battery string array 130, so as to form a continuous film in the overlapping area after lamination.

[0085] Example 6:

[0086] As an optimization of Example 5, such as Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, in S2 and S4, the two sides of the PEP film 123 are 0-5 mm smaller than the edge of the front glass 110, and in S3, the two sides of the battery string array 130 are 10-15 mm smaller than the edge of the front glass 110.

[0087] It should be noted that the two sides of the PEP film 123 are adjacent to the beginning and end of the PEP film 123, and the two sides of the battery string array 130 are adjacent to the beginning and end of the battery string array 130. After the photovoltaic module 100 is laid, the two sides of the PEP film 123 are close to the glass edge and extend beyond the range of the battery string array 130.

[0088] Preferably, the two sides of the PEP film 123 extend 10 mm beyond the two sides of the battery string array 130. After lamination, the POE film strips 124 of the front film 120 and the POE film strips 124 of the back film 140 are fused together and then cooled and solidified to form a continuous film.

[0089] Example 7:

[0090] As an optimization of Example 6, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the length of the POE strip 125 is equal to the width of the PEP film 123. The width of the POE strip 125 is 25-50mm. The overlap width between the POE strip 125 and the PEP film 123 is 5-20mm. The beginning and end portions of the front film 120 are 0-5mm smaller than the edge of the front glass 110.

[0091] It should be noted that the overlap width between the POE strip 125 and the PEP film 123 increases with the size of the battery array 130, ensuring that after lamination, the POE strip 125 and the PEP film 123 form a stable whole. After the POE strip 125 is laid, the distance between the edge of the POE strip 125 away from the EVA film 122 and the edge of the front glass 110 is 0-5mm. The back glass 150 and the front glass 110 are mirror images of each other with respect to the horizontal symmetry plane of the battery array 130.

[0092] Example 8:

[0093] As an optimization of Example 7, such as Figures 12-16 As shown, in step S6, the photovoltaic module 100 is laminated by the laminating device 200. The laminating device 200 includes a heating component 210, a robotic arm 220, and a sealing component 230. The robotic arm 220 holds the sealing component 230. The sealing component 230 is provided with a negative pressure tube 231 and an injection tube 232. Step S6 includes the following steps:

[0094] S61, the robotic arm 220 controls the sealing component 230 to make the negative pressure tube 231 and the injection tube 232 extend between the front adhesive film 120 and the back adhesive film 140;

[0095] S62, Heating component 210 heats photovoltaic module 100;

[0096] S63, the negative pressure tube 231 continuously draws in air, and the robotic arm 220 drives the sealing film 230 to move circumferentially along the battery string array 130;

[0097] S64, POE adhesive is injected into the injection tube 232, and the robotic arm 220 pulls the negative pressure tube 231 and the injection tube 232 out from between the front glass 110 and the back glass 150.

[0098] S65, Cooling and Curing.

[0099] It should be noted that both the negative pressure tube 231 and the injection tube 232 are needle tubes. The sealing film 230 is provided with an air intake channel 233 connected to the negative pressure tube 231 and an injection channel 234 connected to the injection tube 232. The air intake channel 233 is connected to an external negative pressure pump through an air intake hose, and the injection channel 234 is connected to an external injection molding machine through an injection molding hose. The external injection molding machine is used to inject POE glue.

[0100] In S61, the needles of both the negative pressure tube 231 and the injection tube 232 are aligned with the side of the battery string array 130; in S63, air is drawn out through the negative pressure tube 231. As the negative pressure tube 231 moves with the sealing film 230, the air between the front adhesive film 120 and the back adhesive film 140 is drawn out, ensuring that no air bubbles or gap channels are generated when the front adhesive film 120 and the back adhesive film 140 are fused together, thereby improving the quality of lamination and encapsulation and ensuring the waterproof effect of the photovoltaic module 100; in S65, the heating module 210 stops heating.

[0101] By first controlling the negative pressure tube 231 and injection tube 232 to extend between the front adhesive film 120 and the back adhesive film 140, and then heating, it can be ensured that the negative pressure tube 231 and injection tube 232 can be smoothly extended between the front adhesive film 120 and the back adhesive film 140. If heating is performed first, the front adhesive film 120 will soften and affect the extension of the negative pressure tube 231 and injection tube 232.

[0102] In this embodiment, the laminating device 200 further includes a worktable 240, on which a bracket 250 is fixedly installed, and four cylinders 260 are installed on the bracket 250. The telescopic ends of the four cylinders 260 are fixedly connected to the same pressure plate 270. A pad 280 corresponding to the pressure plate 270 is fixedly installed on the worktable 240. Heating components 210 are installed on the sides of the pressure plate 270 and the pad 280 that are close to each other. The top surface of the worktable 240, the top surface of the pad 280, and the top surface of the heating components 210 installed on the pad 280 are flush.

[0103] The photovoltaic module 100 is placed between two sets of heating components 210. Before S61, the telescopic ends of the four cylinders 260 extend synchronously, causing the pressure plate 270 and the heating components 210 mounted on the pressure plate 270 to move down until the heating components 210 mounted on the pressure plate 270 come into contact with the photovoltaic module 100, and maintain a preset pressure on the negative pressure tube 231 of the photovoltaic module 100. After S64, the four cylinders 260 drive the pressure plate 270 and the heating components 210 mounted on the pressure plate 270 to reset.

[0104] Two robotic arms 220 and two sealing films 230 are provided. Both robotic arms 220 are fixedly mounted on the worktable 240 and are located on both sides of the pad 280. In S61, the two robotic arms 220 clamp the two sealing films 230, so that the negative pressure tubes 231 and injection tubes 232 of the two sealing films 230 extend between the front adhesive film 120 and the back adhesive film 140, and the distance between the needles of the two negative pressure tubes 231 is 1-5mm. In S63, the two robotic arms 220 drive the two sealing films 230 to move in a mirror image along the circumference of the battery string array 130. Specifically, one sealing film 230 moves half a circle clockwise along the circumference of the battery string array 130, and the other sealing film 230 moves half a circle counterclockwise along the circumference of the battery string array 130. After S64, the robotic arms 220 can drive the sealing films 230 to reset, or they can assist in the encapsulation of the next set of photovoltaic modules 100 by following the reverse steps. This design can prevent the robotic arm 220 from interfering with the support 250.

[0105] Example 9:

[0106] As an optimization of Example 8, such as Figure 12 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the heating assembly 210 includes a central heating block 211 and a plurality of edge heating blocks 212 arranged in a ring around the central heating block 211. The central heating block 211 heats the EVA film 122 area, and the edge heating blocks 212 heat the POE film 121 area.

[0107] In S62, the middle heating block 211 and the edge heating block 212 reach the first preset temperature. In S63, the middle heating block 211 reaches the second preset temperature. As the negative pressure pipe 231 moves, the edge heating block 212 behind the negative pressure pipe 231 reaches the second preset temperature.

[0108] It should be noted that "behind the negative pressure tube 231" refers to the area behind the negative pressure tube 231, based on the movement trajectory of the negative pressure tube 231 during the lamination of a photovoltaic module 100. Specifically, as the negative pressure tube 231 moves, multiple edge heating blocks 212 sequentially reach the second preset temperature along the movement direction of the negative pressure tube 231. At the second preset temperature, both the front adhesive film 120 and the back adhesive film 140 reach a molten state. The first preset temperature is lower than the second preset temperature. By controlling the heating module 210 to first reach the first preset temperature and then reach the second preset temperature respectively, the temperature does not change abruptly, which is beneficial to further improve the quality of lamination and encapsulation.

[0109] As the negative pressure tube 231 moves, the POE film 121 behind the negative pressure tube 231 reaches a molten state. The negative pressure tube 231 draws out the air between the POE film 121 and the battery string array 130, thereby ensuring the quality of lamination and encapsulation.

[0110] In this embodiment, the multiple edge heating blocks 212 start from the position where the negative pressure tube 231 and the injection tube 232 extend between the front adhesive film 120 and the back adhesive film 140, and end from the position where the negative pressure tube 231 and the injection tube 232 are pulled out between the front glass 110 and the back glass 150, and reach the second preset temperature in sequence with the movement of the two negative pressure tubes 231.

[0111] Example 10:

[0112] As an optimization of Example 9, such as Figures 14-16 As shown, a scraper 235 is fixedly installed on the sealing film component 230.

[0113] It should be noted that in S61, the scraper 235 extends between the front glass 110 and the back glass 150 along with the negative pressure tube 231; in S63, as the sealing member 230 moves, the scraper 235 smooths the molten POE film 121. During this process, the scraper 235 can help to expel residual air, making the POE film 121 around the battery string array 130 more compact, which is beneficial to improving the encapsulation quality of the photovoltaic module 100; the end of the scraper 235 that contacts the molten POE film 121 is provided with rounded corners to ensure the smoothing effect and to facilitate the compression of the molten POE film 121, making the POE film 121 more compact.

[0114] The embodiments of the invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments are not limited to the specific implementation methods described above. The specific implementation methods described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the embodiments without departing from the spirit of the embodiments and the scope of protection of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of the embodiments.

Claims

1. A low water permeability encapsulation method for offshore photovoltaic modules, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Front glass (110) installation; S2. Lay the front adhesive film (120) with POE film (121) on all sides and EVA film (122) on the inside onto the front glass (110); S3. The battery string is laid on the front adhesive film (120) and the stacking is completed to form a battery string array (130). The projection of the four sides of the battery string array (130) on the front adhesive film (120) is located in the area of ​​the POE adhesive film (121). S4. Lay a back adhesive film (140) identical to the front adhesive film (120) onto the battery string array (130); S5. Lay the back glass (150) onto the back adhesive film (140); S6, Photovoltaic module (100) lamination; In step S6, the photovoltaic module (100) is laminated using a laminating device (200). The laminating device (200) includes a heating component (210), a robotic arm (220), and a sealing film (230). The robotic arm (220) holds the sealing film (230), and the sealing film (230) is provided with a negative pressure tube (231) and an injection tube (232). Step S6 includes the following steps: S61, the robotic arm (220) controls the sealing member (230) to make the negative pressure tube (231) and the injection tube (232) extend between the front adhesive film (120) and the back adhesive film (140); S62, The heating component (210) heats the photovoltaic module (100); S63, the negative pressure tube (231) continuously draws in air, and the robotic arm (220) drives the sealing film (230) to move circumferentially along the battery string array (130); S64. The injection tube (232) injects POE glue, and the robotic arm (220) pulls the negative pressure tube (231) and the injection tube (232) out from between the front glass (110) and the back glass (150). S65, Cooling and curing; The heating assembly (210) includes a central heating block (211) and a plurality of edge heating blocks (212) arranged in a ring around the central heating block (211). The central heating block (211) heats the EVA film (122) area, and the edge heating blocks (212) heat the POE film (121) area. In step S62, the intermediate heating block (211) and the edge heating block (212) reach a first preset temperature. In step S63, the intermediate heating block (211) reaches a second preset temperature. As the negative pressure tube (231) moves, the edge heating block (212) behind the negative pressure tube (231) reaches the second preset temperature.

2. The low water permeability encapsulation method for offshore photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front adhesive film (120) is an integral adhesive film with the POE adhesive film (121) on all four sides and the EVA adhesive film (122) on the inside, or the front adhesive film (120) is a separate adhesive film consisting of a PEP adhesive film (123) and two POE strips (125) overlapping each other, with the middle part of the PEP adhesive film (123) being the EVA adhesive film (122) and the two sides being POE film strips (124).

3. The low water permeability encapsulation method for offshore photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that, The front adhesive film (120) is a split adhesive film consisting of the PEP adhesive film (123) and two POE strips (125) overlapped together. In S2 and S4, only the PEP adhesive film (123) is laid. Before S4, the two POE strips (125) of the front adhesive film (120) and the two POE strips (125) of the back adhesive film (140) are laid on the upper and lower sides of the battery string array (130) respectively.

4. A low water permeability encapsulation method for offshore photovoltaic modules according to claim 3, characterized in that, The POE film strips (124) are located within a 10-30mm range on both sides of the PEP film (123).

5. A low water permeability encapsulation method for offshore photovoltaic modules according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S2 and S4, the beginning and end portions of the PEP film (123) are 20-30 mm smaller than the beginning and end portions of the front glass (110). In S3, the beginning and end portions of the battery string array (130) are 15-25 mm smaller than the beginning and end portions of the front glass (110).

6. A low water permeability encapsulation method for offshore photovoltaic modules according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S2 and S4, the two sides of the PEP film (123) are 0-5 mm smaller than the edge of the front glass (110), and in S3, the two sides of the battery string array (130) are 10-15 mm smaller than the edge of the front glass (110).

7. A low water permeability encapsulation method for offshore photovoltaic modules according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length of the POE strip (125) is equal to the width of the PEP film (123). The width of the POE strip (125) is 25-50mm. The overlap width between the POE strip (125) and the PEP film (123) is 5-20mm. The beginning and end portions of the front film (120) are 0-5mm smaller than the edge of the front glass (110).

8. A low water permeability encapsulation method for offshore photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, A scraper (235) is fixedly installed on the sealing film component (230).

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