Rectifier

Abstract

A rectifier (10) is provided with: a rectifier circuit (11) which is configured using a plurality of diodes (201-204) and which generates a DC component by receiving rectified waves; and a plurality of line members connected to the rectifier circuit (11). The plurality of diodes (201-204) include a first diode (201), a second diode (202), a third diode (203), and a fourth diode (204). Each of the plurality of line members is even-order short-circuit members (301-304) which have an impedance of zero in at least one of even-order harmonics of a rectified wave and which smooth the output of the rectifier circuit, and is provided with: a first member having one end connected to the first diode and the other end open; a second member, one end of which is connected to the second diode and the other end of which is open; a third member, one end of which is connected to the third diode and the other end of which is open; and a fourth member, one end of which is connected to the fourth diode and the other end of which is open.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a rectifier that converts a high frequency into direct current. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a rectifier that converts a high frequency in a microwave band into direct current, a bridge rectifier that arranges four diodes in a bridge structure is known. As such a bridge rectifier, a shunt capacitor that becomes a short-circuit state for even harmonics is sometimes used (for example, Patent Literature 1). The shunt capacitor is a plurality of capacitors that are arranged between an output side of the bridged diode and ground and are respectively connected with a shunt.

[0003] Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent No. 5885149

[0004] In a case where a frequency band of a fundamental wave in a rectified wave exceeds 20 GHz, a chip capacitor connected with an output side of a bridged diode is difficult to become a short-circuit state for even harmonics due to an influence of an inductive component. In addition, in a high frequency band, an influence of a deviation becomes large in terms of a performance of a capacitor. As a result, a performance difference of each rectifier becomes large, and a quality of the rectifier is reduced. SUMMARY

[0005] The present disclosure is made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a rectifier that obtains a high conversion efficiency with a simple circuit structure and suppresses a deviation in performance.

[0006] To achieve the above-described object, a rectifier according to the present disclosure includes a rectification circuit and a plurality of line components. The rectification circuit is configured using a plurality of diodes and generates a direct current component by inputting a rectified wave. The plurality of diodes includes a first diode and a third diode whose anode is connected to an input side of the rectification circuit and whose cathode is connected to an output side of the rectification circuit, and a second diode and a fourth diode whose cathode is connected to the input side of the rectification circuit and whose anode is connected to the output side of the rectification circuit. The plurality of line components are each an even short-circuit component that has zero impedance in at least one of even harmonics of the rectified wave, smoothes an output of the rectification circuit, and has one end connected to the diode and the other end open.

[0007] According to the present disclosure, since the plurality of line components each have zero impedance in at least one of even harmonics of the rectified wave, smoothes an output of the rectification circuit, a high conversion efficiency can be obtained with a simple circuit structure, and a deviation in performance can be suppressed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 is a diagram that shows a configuration example of the rectifier according to Embodiment 1.

[0009] Figure 2 is a diagram showing the operation state of a diode in a rectifier circuit and a current path in the rectifier related to Embodiment 1.

[0010] Figure 3 is a diagram showing another operation state of a diode in a rectifier circuit and a current path in the rectifier related to Embodiment 1.

[0011] Figure 4 is a diagram showing a time waveform of a current flowing in a diode in the rectifier related to Embodiment 1.

[0012] Figure 5 is a diagram showing a time waveform of a current flowing in a diode in the rectifier related to Embodiment 1.

[0013] Figure 6 is a diagram showing a current path of an even-order harmonic in the rectifier related to Embodiment 1.

[0014] Figure 7 is a diagram showing a current path of an even-order harmonic in the rectifier related to Embodiment 1.

[0015] Figure 8 is a diagram showing one configuration example of the rectifier related to Embodiment 1.

[0016] Figure 9 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the rectifier related to Embodiment 1.

[0017] Figure 10 is a diagram showing still another configuration example of the rectifier related to Embodiment 1.

[0018] Figure 11 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the rectifier related to Embodiment 2.

[0019] Figure 12 is a diagram explaining a problem point in the rectifier related to Embodiment 1.

[0020] Figure 13 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the rectifier related to Embodiment 2.

[0021] Figure 14 is a diagram showing still another configuration example of the rectifier related to Embodiment 2.

[0022] Figure 15 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the rectifier related to Embodiment 3.

[0023] Figure 16 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the rectifier related to Embodiment 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Hereinafter, a rectifier related to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. In the drawings, the same or equivalent parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0025] Embodiment 1.

[0026] Figure 1 A configuration example of a rectifier 10 related to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure is shown. The rectifier 10 has a rectifying circuit 11 using diodes, and a plurality of even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 connected to the rectifying circuit 11. In addition, the rectifier 10 has input terminals 100, 101 and an output terminal 500. The input terminals 100, 101 are high-frequency input terminals to which a signal of a high frequency is differentially input. For the rectifying circuit 11, four diodes 201 to 204 are arranged in a bridge structure as a plurality of diodes. The diode 201 is a first diode in the rectifying circuit 11. The diode 202 is a second diode in the rectifying circuit 11. The diode 203 is a third diode in the rectifying circuit 11. The diode 204 is a fourth diode in the rectifying circuit 11. The rectifying circuit 11 generates a direct current component by converting a rectified wave of a high frequency input to the input terminals 100, 101. The output terminal 500 outputs a single-phase direct current. In the rectifying circuit 11, a single-phase direct current is output between the output terminal 500 and a ground GND. Therefore, the ground side connected to the ground GND also becomes an output side of the rectifying circuit 11.

[0027] In a case where a rectified wave of a high frequency is input to the input terminals 100, 101 and is fully rectified by the rectifying circuit 11, the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 short-circuit (impedance is zero) in at least one of even-order harmonics of the rectified wave generated by the full-wave rectification. In addition, the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 have a smoothing function of smoothing the output of the rectifying circuit 11. Here, the high-order harmonic of the rectified wave is a signal wave having a frequency that is an integer multiple of the frequency of the rectified wave, which is included in the rectified signal.

[0028] In the rectifier circuit 11, the connection of the diodes 201 to 204 is decided in consideration of the layout of the substrate wiring. For example, the anode of the diode 201 is connected to the input terminal 100 on the input side of the rectifier circuit 11. The cathode of the diode 201 is connected to the connection point 510 on the output side of the rectifier circuit 11 via the transmission line 401. The anode of the diode 203 is connected to the input terminal 101 on the input side of the rectifier circuit 11. The cathode of the diode 203 is connected to the connection point 510 on the output side of the rectifier circuit 11 via the transmission line 403. The connection point 510 is connected to the output terminal 500 via the transmission line 410. The rectifier 10 outputs direct current from the output terminal 500. The anode of the diode 202 is connected to the connection point 511 on the ground side of the rectifier circuit 11 via the transmission line 402. The cathode of the diode 202 is connected to the input terminal 100 on the input side of the rectifier circuit 11. The anode of the diode 204 is connected to the connection point 511 on the ground side of the rectifier circuit 11 via the transmission line 404. The cathode of the diode 204 is connected to the input terminal 101 on the input side of the rectifier circuit 11. The connection point 511 is grounded by being connected to the ground GND on the back surface of the substrate via the via 411.

[0029] The rectifier 10 can be applied to a microwave rectenna. The microwave rectenna is a rectenna that converts a high frequency in a microwave band received by an antenna to direct current. The conversion from the high frequency to the direct current is also called RF-DC conversion. The microwave rectenna is used for a power receiving part of wireless power transmission (WPT). In order to obtain a high-efficiency transmission system, the rectifier that constitutes the microwave rectenna is required to be high-efficiency in RF-DC conversion. In order to achieve high efficiency of the microwave rectifier, appropriate processing of a high-order harmonic is required. The high-order harmonic in the rectifier is generated by switching between turn-on and turn-off in the diode. The rectifier 10 achieves high efficiency in RF-DC conversion with a simple circuit structure.

[0030] Next, the action state and the current path in a case where a rectified wave of a high frequency is input to the input terminals 100 and 101 are described with respect to the four diodes 201 to 204 included in the rectifier circuit 11. The rectifier circuit 11 is a bridge rectifier circuit configured using the plurality of diodes 201 to 204 as bridged diodes. Such a bridge rectifier circuit is included in a full-wave rectifier circuit. The rectifier circuit 11 generates a direct current component by being input with a rectified wave of a high frequency.

[0031] Figure 2The operation state of the diodes 201 to 204 and the current path in the rectifier circuit 11 when the input terminal 100 side is positive voltage in the alternating voltage supplied to the input terminals 100, 101 are shown. In the positive half cycle of the high frequency signal supplied to the input terminals 100, 101, the diode 201 and the diode 204 are forward biased. At this time, the operation state of the diode 201 is an on state 201S1. The operation state of the diode 204 is an on state 204S1. On the other hand, the diode 202 and the diode 203 are reverse biased. At this time, the operation state of the diode 202 is an off state 202S1. The operation state of the diode 203 is an off state 203S1. The arrow A01 indicates the current flowing from the input terminal 100 to the rectifier circuit 11. The current passes through the diode 201, the transmission line 401, the connection point 510, and the transmission line 410, and flows from the rectifier circuit 11 to the output terminal 500 as the current indicated by the arrow A02. The arrow A03 indicates the current flowing from the ground GND to the rectifier circuit 11. The current passes through the connection point 511, the transmission line 404, and the diode 204, and flows from the rectifier circuit 11 to the input terminal 101 as the current indicated by the arrow A04.

[0032] Figure 3 The operation state of the diodes 201 to 204 and the current path in the rectifier circuit 11 when the input terminal 100 side is negative voltage in the alternating voltage supplied to the input terminals 100, 101 are shown. In the negative half cycle of the high frequency signal supplied to the input terminals 100, 101, the diode 201 and the diode 204 are reverse biased. At this time, the operation state of the diode 201 is an off state 201S2. The operation state of the diode 204 is an off state 204S2. On the other hand, the diode 202 and the diode 203 are forward biased. At this time, the operation state of the diode 202 is an on state 202S2. The operation state of the diode 203 is an on state 203S2. The arrow A11 indicates the current flowing from the input terminal 101 to the rectifier circuit 11. The current passes through the diode 203, the transmission line 403, the connection point 510, and the transmission line 410, and flows from the rectifier circuit 11 to the output terminal 500 as the current indicated by the arrow A12. The arrow A13 indicates the current flowing from the ground GND to the rectifier circuit 11. The current passes through the connection point 511, the transmission line 402, and the diode 202, and flows from the rectifier circuit 11 to the input terminal 100 as the current indicated by the arrow A14.

[0033] Figure 4 is a time waveform indicating the current flowing in the diodes 201, 203. With respect to Figure 4The direction of the current flowing through diodes 201 and 203 is positive, from the anode to the cathode. The current flowing through each diode 201 and 203 has a half-wave rectified waveform. In this case, the half-wave rectified waveform contains DC components, even-order harmonic components, and odd-order harmonic components. At the output side of the rectifier circuit 11, the sum of the currents flowing through diodes 201 and 203 flows out. This sum of currents has a full-wave rectified waveform. The full-wave rectified waveform contains DC components and even-order harmonic components, but does not contain odd-order harmonic components. Therefore, the odd-order harmonics of the rectified wave do not flow from the rectifier circuit 11 to the output terminal 500.

[0034] The current flowing in each of diodes 202 and 204 also has a half-wave rectified waveform, similar to that of diodes 201 and 203. On the ground side of the rectifier circuit 11, the sum of the currents flowing in diodes 202 and 204 has a full-wave rectified waveform. The full-wave rectified waveform contains DC components and even-order harmonic components, but not odd-order harmonic components. Therefore, the odd-order harmonics of the rectified wave do not flow from ground (GND) into the rectifier circuit 11.

[0035] Figure 5 The time waveforms of the current flowing in diodes 201 and 202 are shown. Regarding... Figure 5 The direction of the current in diodes 201 is positive, from the cathode to the anode, while in diode 202, it is positive, from the anode to the cathode. In this case, the sum of the currents flowing in diodes 201 and 202 is positive when flowing from the rectifier circuit 11 to the input terminal 100. This sum of currents can be represented using an odd function. The sum of the currents flowing in diodes 201 and 202 does not contain even-order harmonic components.

[0036] Regarding diode 203, the current direction is positive from the cathode to the anode. Regarding diode 204, the current direction is positive from the anode to the cathode. Therefore, the sum of the currents flowing in diodes 203 and 204 is positive when flowing from the rectifier circuit 11 to the input terminal 101. The sum of the currents flowing in diodes 203 and 204 can also be represented by an odd function, similar to the cases of diodes 201 and 202.

[0037] Without the even-order short-circuit units 301-304 configured, the rectifier circuit 11, acting as a bridge rectifier circuit, converts half of each waveform cycle into a pulsating DC signal. The full-wave rectifier circuit rectifies both the positive and negative voltage sides of the waveform, resulting in two pulses per cycle. Therefore, the frequency of the pulsation is twice the frequency of the input signal. The output terminal 500 outputs the DC signal converted by the rectifier circuit 11.

[0038] The connection point 510 at which the cathode of the diode 201 is connected to the cathode of the diode 203 is the output of the rectifier 10. In the case where the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 are not configured, the output waveform in the output terminal 500 contains a direct current component and an even-order harmonic component. Leakage of the even-order harmonic to the output side reduces the efficiency of RF-DC conversion. In addition to this, in the case where the even-order harmonic exists, it is impossible or difficult to perform sufficient smoothing of the direct current output of the rectifier 10. In the case where the rectified wave is a high frequency exceeding 20 GHz, the even-order harmonic exceeds 40 GHz. In this case, since the influence of the inductive component possessed by the capacitor becomes large, it is difficult to short-circuit the output side of the bridged diode by the capacitor at the even-order harmonic.

[0039] The rectifier 10 according to Embodiment 1 includes the plurality of even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 which have one end connected to the output side or the ground side of the bridged diode and the other end open. The rectifier 10 can prevent leakage of the even-order harmonic to the output side and smooth the output. The even-order short-circuit unit 301 is the first component which is connected to the cathode of the diode 201 and is the first even-order short-circuit component which short-circuits with respect to the even-order harmonic on the output side of the rectifying circuit 11. The even-order short-circuit unit 302 is the second component which is connected to the anode of the diode 202 and is the second even-order short-circuit component which short-circuits with respect to the even-order harmonic on the ground side of the rectifying circuit 11. The even-order short-circuit unit 303 is the third component which is connected to the cathode of the diode 203 and is the third even-order short-circuit component which short-circuits with respect to the even-order harmonic on the output side of the rectifying circuit 11. The even-order short-circuit unit 304 is the fourth component which is connected to the anode of the diode 204 and is the fourth even-order short-circuit component which short-circuits with respect to the even-order harmonic on the ground side of the rectifying circuit 11. Short-circuiting with respect to the even-order harmonic is also referred to as even-order short-circuiting.

[0040] The even-order short-circuit unit 301 short-circuits (makes the impedance zero) with respect to the even-order harmonic in the cathode of the diode 201. The even-order short-circuit unit 302 short-circuits with respect to the even-order harmonic in the anode of the diode 202. The even-order short-circuit unit 303 short-circuits with respect to the even-order harmonic in the cathode of the diode 203. The even-order short-circuit unit 304 short-circuits with respect to the even-order harmonic in the anode of the diode 204. By generating these even-order short-circuits, the rectifier 10 provided with the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 prevents leakage of the even-order harmonic to the output side and smooths the output.

[0041] Figure 6The current path of the even-order harmonic in the rectifier 10 including the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 when the high-frequency signal supplied to the input terminals 100, 101 is the positive half cycle is shown. At this time, the diode 201 is in the on state 201S3, and the diode 204 is in the on state 204S3. The plurality of arrows drawn in the quadrangle of the positions of the diode 201 and the diode 204 indicate that the even-order harmonic currents such as the direct-current, the 2nd harmonic current, the 4th harmonic current, and the 6th harmonic current flow from the left. Except for the direct-current, the actual direction is sometimes different. On the other hand, the diode 202 is in the off state 202S3, and the diode 203 is in the off state 203S3. In the on state 201S3, the anode and the cathode of the diode 201 are short-circuited. Also, the even-order harmonic generated in the diode 201 is absorbed by the even-order short-circuit unit 301. Therefore, the even-order harmonic generated in the diode 201 is enclosed in the diode 201. In the on state 204S3, the anode and the cathode of the diode 204 are short-circuited. Also, the even-order harmonic generated in the diode 204 is absorbed by the even-order short-circuit unit 304. Therefore, the even-order harmonic generated in the diode 204 is enclosed in the diode 204.

[0042] Figure 7 The current path of the even-order harmonic in the rectifier 10 including the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 when the high-frequency signal supplied to the input terminals 100, 101 is the positive half cycle is shown. At this time, the diode 201 is in the on state 201S3, and the diode 204 is in the on state 204S3. The plurality of arrows drawn in the quadrangle of the positions of the diode 201 and the diode 204 indicate that the even-order harmonic currents such as the direct-current, the 2nd harmonic current, the 4th harmonic current, and the 6th harmonic current flow from the left. Except for the direct-current, the actual direction is sometimes different. On the other hand, the diode 202 is in the off state 202S3, and the diode 203 is in the off state 203S3. In the on state 201S3, the anode and the cathode of the diode 201 are short-circuited. Also, the even-order harmonic generated in the diode 201 is absorbed by the even-order short-circuit unit 301. Therefore, the even-order harmonic generated in the diode 201 is enclosed in the diode 201. In the on state 204S3, the anode and the cathode of the diode 204 are short-circuited. Also, the even-order harmonic generated in the diode 204 is absorbed by the even-order short-circuit unit 304. Therefore, the even-order harmonic generated in the diode 204 is enclosed in the diode 204.

[0043] In each cycle of the high frequency signal, each diode 201 to 204 is switched between the on state and the off state. Each even harmonic shorting unit 301 to 304 configured corresponding to each diode 201 to 204 short-circuits at least one of the even harmonics on the output side or the ground side of the rectifier circuit 11. Therefore, the even harmonics generated by the switching of each diode 201 to 204 can be trapped to the terminal to which each diode 201 to 204 is connected. In this way, the rectifier 10 can achieve high efficiency in the RF-DC conversion by preventing the leakage of the even harmonics to the output side. In addition, by the smoothing function of the even harmonic shorting units 301 to 304, the output in the output terminal 500 suppresses the pulsating direct current caused by the even harmonics.

[0044] Figure 8 One configuration example of the rectifier 10 is shown. Figure 8 The even harmonic shorting units 301 to 304 in the rectifier 10 are each an open stub short-circuiting using a transmission line. The even harmonic shorting unit 301 is configured by a line member 311 having an electrical length LI of a quarter wavelength with respect to the 2nd harmonic of the rectified wave. The even harmonic shorting unit 302 is configured by a line member 312 having an electrical length LI of a quarter wavelength with respect to the 2nd harmonic of the rectified wave. The even harmonic shorting unit 303 is configured by a line member 313 having an electrical length LI of a quarter wavelength with respect to the 2nd harmonic of the rectified wave. The even harmonic shorting unit 304 is configured by a line member 314 having an electrical length LI of a quarter wavelength with respect to the 2nd harmonic of the rectified wave.

[0045] In the even harmonic shorting unit 301 configured corresponding to the diode 201, one end of the line member 311 is connected to the cathode of the diode 201 and the other end is open. In the even harmonic shorting unit 302 configured corresponding to the diode 202, one end of the line member 312 is connected to the anode of the diode 202 and the other end is open. In the even harmonic shorting unit 303 configured corresponding to the diode 203, one end of the line member 313 is connected to the cathode of the diode 203 and the other end is open. In the even harmonic shorting unit 304 configured corresponding to the diode 204, one end of the line member 314 is connected to the cathode of the diode 204 and the other end is open. In the even harmonic shorting unit 305 configured corresponding to the diode 205, one end of the line member 315 is connected to the anode of the diode 205 and the other end is open. Figure 8 In the configuration shown, the line members 311, 313 configured on the output side of the rectifier circuit 11 and the line members 312, 314 configured on the ground side of the rectifier circuit 11 short-circuit the 2nd harmonic of the rectified wave.

[0046] When the diodes bridged in the full-wave rectifier circuit are switched between the on state and the off state, the lower the order of the harmonics, the higher the level of the harmonic signal generated. The lower the order of the harmonics, the greater the effect on the efficiency of the RF-DC conversion. Figure 8The rectifier 10 shown prevents leakage of the 2nd harmonic, which has the greatest influence on the efficiency of RF-DC conversion, to the output side.

[0047] Figure 8 Each of the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 in the rectifier 10 is an even-order short-circuit member configured using one line member. The output of the rectifier circuit 11 can be smoothed by the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304, and as a result, a capacitor is not required as a smoothing element. Thus, in the case of rectifying a high frequency exceeding 20 GHz, a high conversion efficiency can be obtained by a simple circuit configuration. In addition, the rectifier 10 without a capacitor can reduce variations in performance. A simple configuration that prevents leakage of the 2nd harmonic to the output side can miniaturize the device.

[0048] Figure 9 Another configuration example of the rectifier 10 is shown. Figure 9 The even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 in the rectifier 10 each include a plurality of open stubs corresponding to even-order harmonics (2nd, 4th, 6th, etc.) of the rectified wave. The even-order short-circuit unit 301 includes line members 321 and 331 in addition to the line member 311. The line member 321 has an electrical length L2 of a quarter of the wavelength of the 4th harmonic of the rectified wave. The line member 331 has an electrical length L3 of a quarter of the wavelength of the 6th harmonic of the rectified wave. The even-order short-circuit unit 302 includes line members 322 and 332 in addition to the line member 312. The line member 322 has an electrical length L2 of a quarter of the wavelength of the 4th harmonic of the rectified wave. The line member 332 has an electrical length L3 of a quarter of the wavelength of the 6th harmonic of the rectified wave. The even-order short-circuit unit 303 includes line members 323 and 333 in addition to the line member 313. The line member 323 has an electrical length L2 of a quarter of the wavelength of the 4th harmonic of the rectified wave. The line member 333 has an electrical length L3 of a quarter of the wavelength of the 6th harmonic of the rectified wave. The even-order short-circuit unit 304 includes line members 324 and 334 in addition to the line member 314. The line member 324 has an electrical length L2 of a quarter of the wavelength of the 4th harmonic of the rectified wave. The line member 334 has an electrical length L3 of a quarter of the wavelength of the 6th harmonic of the rectified wave. Each of the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 can include an open stub having an electrical length of a quarter of the wavelength of an even-order harmonic of 8th or higher. Each of the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 can include two open stubs each having an electrical length of a quarter of the wavelength of the 2nd and 4th even-order harmonics, respectively. Each of the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 can include a plurality of open stubs each having an electrical length of a quarter of the wavelength of a plurality of even-order harmonics, respectively.

[0049] Figure 9 The line components 311 to 314 in FIG. 10 are configured in the same manner as the structure of the line components 211 to 214 in FIG. 8. Figure 8 In the even-order short-circuit unit 301 corresponding to the diode 201, one end of the line component 321, 331 is connected to the cathode of the diode 201, and the other end is open. In the even-order short-circuit unit 302 corresponding to the diode 202, one end of the line component 322, 332 is connected to the anode of the diode 202, and the other end is open. In the even-order short-circuit unit 303 corresponding to the diode 203, one end of the line component 323, 333 is connected to the cathode of the diode 203, and the other end is open. In the even-order short-circuit unit 304 corresponding to the diode 204, one end of the line component 324, 334 is connected to the anode of the diode 204, and the other end is open. In the even-order short-circuit unit 305 corresponding to the diode 205, one end of the line component 325, 335 is connected to the cathode of the diode 205, and the other end is open. In the even-order short-circuit unit 306 corresponding to the diode 206, one end of the line component 326, 336 is connected to the anode of the diode 206, and the other end is open. Figure 9 In the structure shown in FIG. 9, the line components 321, 323 arranged on the output side of the rectifier circuit 11 and the line components 322, 324 arranged on the ground side of the rectifier circuit 11 are short-circuited with respect to the 4th harmonic of the rectified wave. In the structure shown in FIG. 9, the line components 321, 323 arranged on the output side of the rectifier circuit 11 and the line components 322, 324 arranged on the ground side of the rectifier circuit 11 are short-circuited with respect to the 4th harmonic of the rectified wave. Figure 9 In the structure shown in FIG. 10, the line components 331, 333 arranged on the output side of the rectifier circuit 11 and the line components 332, 334 arranged on the ground side of the rectifier circuit 11 are short-circuited with respect to the 6th harmonic of the rectified wave. In addition, each of the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 can include a line component that is short-circuited with respect to an arbitrary even-order harmonic.

[0050] Figure 9 Each of the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 in FIG. 10 is an even-order short-circuit component configured using a plurality of line components. In the case of the structure shown in FIG. 10, the rectifier 10 has a larger circuit size than the structure shown in FIG. 8. Figure 9 In the case of the structure shown in FIG. 10, the rectifier 10 has a larger circuit size than the structure shown in FIG. 8. Figure 8 In the case of the structure shown in FIG. 10, the rectifier 10 has a larger circuit size than the structure shown in FIG. 8. Figure 9 In the case of the structure shown in FIG. 10, the rectifier 10 has a larger circuit size than the structure shown in FIG. 8. Figure 9 The rectifier 10 having the structure shown in FIG. 10 has a higher effect of preventing the leakage of the even-order harmonic to the output side than the structure shown in FIG. 8. Therefore, the rectifier 10 having the structure shown in FIG. 10 has a higher efficiency of RF-DC conversion than the structure shown in FIG. 8. Figure 8 The rectifier 10 having the structure shown in FIG. 10 has a higher effect of preventing the leakage of the even-order harmonic to the output side than the structure shown in FIG. 8. Therefore, the rectifier 10 having the structure shown in FIG. 10 has a higher efficiency of RF-DC conversion than the structure shown in FIG. 8.

[0051] Figure 10 Another configuration example of the rectifier 10 is shown. Figure 10 The rectifier circuit 11 in FIG. 11 is connected to the output terminal 501 via the transmission line 412 from the connection point 511. The output terminals 500, 501 are DC output terminals of differential output DC.

[0052] In the case of the structure shown in FIG. 11, the rectifier 10 has a larger circuit size than the structure shown in FIG. 8. Figure 10In the structure, the connection point 511, which connects to the anodes of diode 202 and diode 204, provides the output of rectifier 10. The anode of diode 202 is connected to connection point 511 on the output side of rectifier circuit 11 via transmission line 402. The anode of diode 204 is connected to connection point 511 on the output side of rectifier circuit 11 via transmission line 404. Connection point 511 is connected to output terminal 501 via transmission line 412. Figure 10 In the structure, the structure in which the anode of diode 201 and the cathode of diode 202 are connected to the input terminal 100, the structure in which the anode of diode 202 and the cathode of diode 204 are connected to the input terminal 101, and the structure of the cathode side of diode 201 and diode 203 are similar to... Figure 1 The structure is the same.

[0053] Figure 10 The rectifier 10 includes multiple even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304, one end of which is connected to the output side of the bridged diode and the other end is open. Even-order short-circuit unit 301 is a first even-order short-circuit component connected to the cathode of diode 201 and short-circuiting relative to even harmonics on the output side of the rectifier circuit 11. Even-order short-circuit unit 302 is a second even-order short-circuit component connected to the anode of diode 202 and short-circuiting relative to even harmonics on the output side of the rectifier circuit 11. Even-order short-circuit unit 303 is a third even-order short-circuit component connected to the cathode of diode 203 and short-circuiting relative to even harmonics on the output side of the rectifier circuit 11. Even-order short-circuit unit 304 is a fourth even-order short-circuit component connected to the anode of diode 204 and short-circuiting relative to even harmonics on the output side of the rectifier circuit 11.

[0054] Figure 10 Each even-order short-circuit unit 301-304 is an even-order short-circuit component constructed using one or more line components. Each even-order short-circuit unit 301-304 may also contain line components that short-circuit relative to any even-order harmonic. Figure 10 In this structure, the output of the rectifier circuit 11 can be smoothed by even-order short-circuit units 301-304, resulting in the rectifier 10 not requiring a capacitor as a smoothing element. Therefore, the rectifier 10 can achieve high conversion efficiency with a simple circuit structure. Furthermore, the absence of a capacitor in the rectifier 10 helps suppress performance deviations.

[0055] As above, the rectifier 10 is provided with the rectification circuit 11 configured using a plurality of diodes 201 to 204 and the even-numbered short-circuit units 301 to 304 connected to the rectification circuit 11. The rectification circuit 11 is inputted with a rectified wave to generate a direct current component. The even-numbered short-circuit units 301 to 304 include a plurality of line components such as line components 311 to 314. The plurality of line components included in the even-numbered short-circuit units 301 to 304 are each an even-numbered short-circuit component that makes the output of the rectification circuit 11 smooth by having an impedance of zero (short-circuit) in at least one of even-numbered harmonics of the rectified wave, and one end is connected to any one of the diodes 201 to 204 and the other end is open. Thus, the rectifier 10 has a simple circuit structure that does not need a capacitor as a smoothing element, can obtain a high conversion efficiency, and can suppress a variation in performance. In addition, a capacitor can be connected to the output terminal of the rectifier 10 to be used.

[0056] Embodiment 2

[0057] Figure 11 A configuration example of a rectifier 20 related to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure is shown. The rectifier 20 is provided with the rectification circuit 11, the input terminals 100, 101, the plurality of even-numbered short-circuit units 301 to 304, and the output terminal 500 like the rectifier 10. The rectifier 20 is different from the rectifier 10 in that a transmission line 420 is inserted between the connection point 511 included in the rectification circuit 11 and the via 411. The transmission line 420 has an electrical length LI of a quarter wavelength with respect to the 2nd harmonic of the rectified wave. By causing the even-numbered short-circuit by the even-numbered short-circuit units 301 to 304, the rectifier 20 can prevent the leakage of the even-numbered harmonics to the output side to smooth the output.

[0058] Figure 12 is a diagram illustrating a problem point in the rectifier 10. Figure 8 The rectifier 10 of Embodiment 1 shown can have a reduced effect of the even-numbered short-circuit in a case where a variation in the substrate wiring pattern is generated. In the rectifier 10, the connection point 511 is connected to the ground GND via the via 411. The transmission line through the via 411 can be replaced with an equivalent circuit EC1 including an inductor Le1. Thus, the connection point 511 can be equivalently represented by a circuit loaded with the inductor Le.

[0059] The line member 312 in the even-order short-circuit unit 302 and the line member 314 in the even-order short-circuit unit 304 have an electrical length LI that is a quarter wavelength with respect to the 2nd harmonic of the rectified wave. However, a case is assumed in which the electrical length of the line members 312, 314 is shorter than the quarter wavelength in the 2nd harmonic due to a deviation of the substrate wiring pattern. Under this assumption, the line member 312 can be replaced by an equivalent circuit EC2 that includes a capacitor Cel, and the line member 314 can be replaced by an equivalent circuit EC3 that includes a capacitor Ce2. Thus, the line member 312 can be equivalently represented by a circuit loaded with the capacitor Cel. The line member 314 can be equivalently represented by a circuit loaded with the capacitor Ce2.

[0060] In the equivalent circuits EC1 to EC3, a parallel resonance in the 2nd harmonic can occur between the inductor Lei and the capacitors Cel, Ce2. In a case where this parallel resonance occurs, the resultant impedance observed from the connection point of the anodes of the diodes 202 and 204 is open (infinite) with respect to the 2nd harmonic. Thus, since the line members 312, 314 are equivalently regarded as not connected, the effect of the even-order short-circuit is reduced.

[0061] Figure 11 The rectifier 20 shown has a structure in which a transmission line 420 is disposed between the connection point 511 and the via 411. The transmission line 420 is a ground-side line member that is connected to the ground side of the rectification circuit 11 and has an electrical length LI that is a quarter wavelength with respect to the 2nd harmonic of the rectified wave. In this structure, the impedance on the side of the via 411 observed from the connection point 511 is set to be open in the 2nd harmonic. The via 411 is equivalently not connected with respect to the 2nd harmonic. In other words, the via 411 can be regarded as not existing with respect to the 2nd harmonic. Since the connection point 511 of the rectification circuit 11 is not connected to the via 411 in the 2nd harmonic, the equivalent capacitor Cel of the line member 312 and the equivalent capacitor Ce2 of the line member 314 do not produce a parallel resonance with the equivalent inductor Lei of the via 411 in the 2nd harmonic. In this way, the rectifier 20 in which the transmission line 420 is disposed is able to prevent degradation of performance due to a deviation of the substrate wiring pattern.

[0062] Figure 13 Another configuration example of the rectifier 20 is shown. Figure 13 The even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 in the rectifier 20 shown each include a plurality of open stubs corresponding to even-order harmonics (2nd, 4th, 6th, etc.) of the rectified wave. Figure 13 The rectifier 20 of the rectifier 20 shown has a structure in which a transmission line 420 is disposed between the connection point 511 and the via 411. The transmission line 420 is a ground-side line member that is connected to the ground side of the rectification circuit 11 and has an electrical length LI that is a quarter wavelength with respect to the 2nd harmonic of the rectified wave. In this structure, the impedance on the side of the via 411 observed from the connection point 511 is set to be open in the 2nd harmonic. The via 411 is equivalently not connected with respect to the 2nd harmonic. In other words, the via 411 can be regarded as not existing with respect to the 2nd harmonic. Since the connection point 511 of the rectification circuit 11 is not connected to the via 411 in the 2nd harmonic, the equivalent capacitor Cel of the line member 312 and the equivalent capacitor Ce2 of the line member 314 do not produce a parallel resonance with the equivalent inductor Lei of the via 411 in the 2nd harmonic. In this way, the rectifier 20 in which the transmission line 420 is disposed is able to prevent degradation of performance due to a deviation of the substrate wiring pattern. Figure 9The rectifier 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a structure different from that of the rectifier 10 shown in FIG. 2. Since the transmission line 420 has an electrical length LI that is a quarter wavelength with respect to the 2nd harmonic of the wave to be rectified, the connection point 511 of the rectifying circuit 11 is not connected to the via hole 411 in the 2nd harmonic. Therefore, the capacitors Ce1, Ce2 of the line components 312, 314 and the inductor Lei of the via hole 411 do not resonate in parallel in the 2nd harmonic.

[0063] Figure 14 A configuration example of a rectifier 20 is shown. Figure 14 The rectifier 20 shown in FIG. 3 has a structure in which a transmission line 421 is provided between the connection point 511 and the via hole 411. The transmission line 421 is a line component having an electrical length L2 that is a quarter wavelength with respect to the 4th harmonic of the wave to be rectified. In this structure, the impedance of the via hole 411 side as viewed from the connection point 511 is set to be open in the 4th harmonic. The connection point 511 of the rectifying circuit 11 is not connected to the via hole 411 in the 4th harmonic. Therefore, the equivalent capacitor of the line component 322 and the equivalent capacitor of the line component 324 and the equivalent inductor of the via hole 411 do not resonate in parallel in the 4th harmonic. In addition to this, by making the transmission line connected between the rectifying circuit 11 and the via hole 411 have an electrical length that is a quarter wavelength with respect to any one of the even harmonics, the connection point 511 of the rectifying circuit 11 is not connected to the via hole 411 with respect to any one of the even harmonics.

[0064] Embodiment 3.

[0065] Figure 15 A configuration example of a rectifier 30 related to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure is shown. The rectifier 30 has a structure similar to that of the rectifier 10 shown in FIG. 1. Figure 1 The rectifier 30 shown in FIG. 4 has a structure similar to that of the rectifier 10 shown in FIG. 1, and has a rectifying circuit 11, input terminals 100, 101, a plurality of even short-circuit units 301 to 304, and an output terminal 500. The rectifier 30 has a structure similar to that of the rectifier 10 shown in FIG. 1. Figure 1 The rectifier 30 shown in FIG. 4 is different from the rectifier 10 shown in FIG. 1 in that a capacitor 600 is connected between the connection point 510 and the connection point 511 included in the rectifying circuit 11. Figure 15 The connection point 510 shown in FIG. 4 is connected to the output terminal 500 via the transmission line 410. Figure 15 The connection point 511 shown in FIG. 4 is grounded by being connected to the ground GND on the back surface of the substrate via the via hole 411. The capacitor 600 has one end connected to the output side of the rectifying circuit 11 and the other end connected to the connection point 510. In this way, Figure 15 The rectifier 30 shown in FIG. 4 has the capacitor 600 having one end connected to the output side of the rectifying circuit 11 and the other end connected to the ground side of the rectifying circuit 11.

[0066] Figure 16Another configuration example of the rectifier 30 is shown. In Figure 16 the rectifier 30, the rectifier circuit 11 included in the rectifier 30 is connected to the output terminal 501 via the transmission line 412 from the connection point 511, like the rectifier 10 of Figure 10 . The output terminals 500, 501 are DC output terminals of differential output DC. The rectifier 30 is different from the rectifier 10 in that the capacitor 600 is connected between the connection point 510 and the connection point 511 included in the rectifier circuit 11. Figure 10 The connection point 510 shown is connected to the output terminal 500 via the transmission line 410. Figure 16 The connection point 511 shown is connected to the output terminal 501 via the transmission line 412. The capacitor 600 is connected at one end to the connection point 510 corresponding to one side of the differential output and at the other end to the connection point 511 corresponding to the other side of the differential output on the output side of the rectifier circuit 11. In this way, Figure 16 the rectifier 30 of Figure 16 is provided with the capacitor 600 connected at one end to one side of the differential output and at the other end to the other side of the differential output.

[0067] In the structure of Figure 15 , Figure 16 , the capacitor 600 prevents leakage to the output side against noise of a frequency lower than the fundamental wave, that is, low-frequency noise, flowing into the rectifier 30. Thus, the rectifier 30 can suppress noise included in the output. The capacitor 600 can be determined to an arbitrary capacitance value so as to be able to suppress leakage of low-frequency noise. The capacitance value of the capacitor 600 can be determined based on the electric wave environment in which the rectifier 30 is disposed.

[0068] In the rectifier 30, the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 can smooth the output by preventing leakage of even-order harmonics to the output side through generation of even-order short-circuit. The capacitor 600 is used to suppress low-frequency noise, which is different from the purpose of the smoothing capacitor included in the existing rectifier. The rectifier 30 can achieve high efficiency in RF-DC conversion through harmonic processing in the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 and smoothing. In addition, the rectifier circuit 30 can achieve improvement in resistance to low-frequency noise through the capacitor 600.

[0069] In the structure of Figure 11 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 , the capacitor 600 can also be connected between the connection point 510 and the connection point 511. Figure 11 , Figure 13 The rectifier 20 of Figure 14 inserts the transmission line 420 between the connection point 511 included in the rectifier circuit 11 and the via hole 411. The transmission line 420 has an electrical length LI of a quarter of the wavelength with respect to the 2nd harmonic of the rectified wave.The rectifier 20 of the present embodiment inserts a transmission line 421 between the connection point 511 and the via 411. The transmission line 421 has an electrical length L2 of a quarter wavelength with respect to the 4th harmonic of the rectified wave. In these cases, the capacitor 600 also functions to suppress low-frequency noise, which is different from the smoothing capacitor included in the existing rectifier. Figure 11 、 Figure 13 、 Figure 14 The rectifier 20 of the present embodiment is able to achieve high efficiency in RF-DC conversion through harmonic processing by the even-order short-circuit units 301 to 304 and smoothing. Since parallel resonance does not occur in the harmonics by the transmission lines 420, 421, it is possible to prevent degradation in performance due to variations in the substrate wiring pattern. Furthermore, the rectifier 20 to which the capacitor 600 is added is able to achieve an improvement in low-frequency noise resistance.

[0070] The present disclosure is able to realize various embodiments and modifications without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the technical idea. In addition, the above-described embodiments serve to explain the present disclosure, and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, the scope of the present disclosure is represented by the technical solution, not by the embodiments. Also, various modifications implemented within the scope of the technical solution and the meaning range of the technical idea equivalent thereto are considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0071] This application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-070750 filed on April 24, 2023. The specification, claims, and drawings of Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-070750 are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

[0072] Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0073] 10, 20, 30... rectifier; 11... rectification circuit; 100, 101... input terminal; 201 to 204... diode; 301 to 304... even-order short-circuit unit; 311 to 314, 321 to 324, 331 to 334... line component; 401 to 404, 410, 412, 420, 421... transmission line; 411... via; 500, 501... output terminal; 510, 511... connection point; 600... capacitor.

Claims

1. A rectifier, characterized in that, have: A rectifier circuit, constructed using multiple diodes, rectifies the input wave to generate a DC component; and Multiple circuit components are connected to the rectifier circuit. The plurality of diodes includes: The first diode has its anode connected to the input side of the rectifier circuit and its cathode connected to the output side of the rectifier circuit. The second diode has its cathode connected to the input side of the rectifier circuit and its anode connected to the output side of the rectifier circuit. The third diode has its anode connected to the input side of the rectifier circuit and its cathode connected to the output side of the rectifier circuit; and The fourth diode has its cathode connected to the input side of the rectifier circuit and its anode connected to the output side of the rectifier circuit. The plurality of circuit components are, respectively, even-order short-circuit components with zero impedance in at least one of the even-order harmonics of the rectified wave, which smooth the output of the rectifier circuit. The plurality of line components include: The first component has one end connected to the cathode of the first diode and the other end open; The second component has one end connected to the anode of the second diode and the other end open; The third component has one end connected to the cathode of the third diode and the other end open; and The fourth component has one end connected to the anode of the fourth diode and the other end open.

2. The rectifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, It has an output terminal that outputs a single-phase DC current on the output side of the rectifier circuit.

3. The rectifier according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ground side of the rectifier circuit is grounded via a via.

4. The rectifier according to claim 3, characterized in that, It includes a ground-side line component configured between the ground side of the rectifier circuit and the via. The grounding side line component has an electrical length of one-quarter wavelength relative to any of the even harmonics of the rectified wave, and the connection point of the rectifier circuit is not connected to the via at any of the even harmonics of the rectified wave.

5. The rectifier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, A capacitor having one end connected to the output side of the rectifier circuit and the other end connected to the ground side of the rectifier circuit.

6. The rectifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, It has an output terminal that differentially outputs DC on the output side of the rectifier circuit.

7. The rectifier according to claim 6, characterized in that, A capacitor having one end connected to one side of the differential output and the other end connected to the other side of the differential output.

8. The rectifier according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The plurality of line components are each an open-circuit stub having an electrical length that is a quarter wavelength relative to the second harmonic of the rectified wave.

9. The rectifier according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The plurality of line components are each of a plurality of open-circuit stubs, each having an electrical length of a quarter wavelength relative to each of the plurality of even harmonics of the rectified wave.

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