Hydrogen desorption system and method of magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage reaction kettle

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen desorption system and method of a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage reaction kettle, a hydrogen storage tank is placed in each placement position in an inner cavity of the reaction kettle, and each placement position is provided with a heat exchange coil pipe; the hydrogen desorption system comprises a hydrogen desorption part, a temperature control part and a safety protection part; the hydrogen desorption part comprises a hydrogen desorption main pipeline, a hydrogen desorption automatic switch valve is arranged on the hydrogen desorption main pipeline, and a vacuumizing pipeline is connected to the hydrogen desorption main pipeline in parallel; the temperature control part comprises an external heat-conducting oil circulating system, a flow bypass pipeline is arranged between the oil inlet pipeline and the oil return pipeline in a crossing manner, and a heat-conducting oil shunting automatic switch valve is arranged on the flow bypass pipeline; the safety protection part comprises a reaction kettle safety valve arranged on the reaction kettle, the reaction kettle safety valve is externally connected with an emptying pipeline, a pressure relief bypass pipeline is arranged between the emptying pipeline and the hydrogen desorption main pipeline in a crossing mode, and an automatic opening and closing pressure relief valve is arranged on the pressure relief bypass pipeline. The reaction kettle has the advantages that rapid and efficient hydrogen desorption of a plurality of hydrogen storage tanks in the reaction kettle is realized, and the system safety is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to hydrogen storage reactor charging and discharging hydrogen system technical field, especially to a kind of magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reactor's hydrogen release system and method.Especially suitable for the working condition needing high safety, high hydrogen storage density.Can be widely used in new energy vehicles, distributed energy systems, portable hydrogen energy equipment and fixed hydrogen storage station and hydrogen using place, through this system, hydrogen in solid-state hydrogen storage tank is released, and hydrogen using equipment is used. BACKGROUND

[0002] In prior art, single hydrogen storage tank is often used as independent reactor, and its structure generally includes inner and outer tank bodies, the inner tank is filled with hydrogen storage material, the outer tank is sleeved on the inner tank, the interlayer between the inner and outer tanks is a region through which heat transfer oil flows, and the outer tank is provided with inlet and outlet oil ports communicated with the interlayer.The hydrogen storage tank with the above structure has the following shortcomings: Because hydrogen charging and discharging requires a certain pressure, the inner tank is designed with thick wall, resulting in large weight of the hydrogen storage tank and low hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen storage tank mass;and due to large weight, it is inconvenient to transport, the inlet and outlet oil ports need to be plugged during transportation, and less hydrogen storage tanks can be transported under the same volume;at the same time, when the hydrogen storage amount is large and multiple hydrogen storage tanks are needed, the inlet oil ports of the hydrogen storage tanks need to be connected in parallel, and the outlet oil ports also need to be connected in parallel, so the pipeline design is complex.

[0003] The existing hydrogen release system for the single-tank reactor has the following shortcomings: During hydrogen release, hydrogen release can only be carried out on the hydrogen storage material in a single tank body, and multiple tank bodies need to be released one by one, so the hydrogen release efficiency is low;and the existing system mostly uses normal pressure hydrogen release, so the hydrogen release rate is low;no perfect safety protection measures are provided, so the system safety is not high;and the flow control of the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil circulation system connected with the inlet and outlet oil ports is unstable, so the temperature control of the hydrogen release material is unstable, thereby affecting the hydrogen release effect. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reactor hydrogen release system and method, which can realize rapid and efficient hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage material in multiple hydrogen storage tanks in the reactor, while ensuring the safety of the entire system.

[0005] The present application is realized by the following technical solutions: A magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reactor hydrogen release system, each hydrogen storage tank is placed in a respective placement position in the inner cavity of the reactor, and each placement position is provided with heat exchange coils around the hydrogen storage tank;the reactor is provided with an oil inlet, an oil outlet, a gas release port, a reactor pressure transmitter interface and a reactor temperature transmitter interface;the oil inlet is used to supply oil to each group of heat exchange coils in the reactor, and the oil outlet is used to guide the oil in each group of heat exchange coils out of the reactor; The hydrogen release system comprises a hydrogen release part, a temperature control part, and a safety protection part. The hydrogen release part comprises a hydrogen release main pipeline, a gas release interface of the reactor connected to the inlet end of the hydrogen release main pipeline, a hydrogen release automatic switch valve, and a hydrogen release flowmeter arranged in sequence along the gas flow direction on the hydrogen release main pipeline, a vacuum extraction pipeline connected in parallel to a section of the hydrogen release main pipeline downstream of the hydrogen release flowmeter, a vacuum extraction automatic switch valve, a vacuum meter, and a vacuum pump arranged in sequence along the gas flow direction on the vacuum extraction pipeline. The temperature control part comprises an external heat conduction oil circulation system, which comprises a heat conduction oil tank with heat conduction oil system heating rods arranged therein, an oil inlet of the reactor connected to the outlet of the heat conduction oil tank through an oil inlet pipeline, an oil outlet of the reactor connected to the inlet of the heat conduction oil tank through an oil return pipeline, an oil circulation pump arranged on the oil inlet pipeline close to the heat conduction oil tank, a heat conduction oil system flowmeter arranged on the oil inlet pipeline, and a flow bypass pipeline arranged across the oil inlet pipeline and the oil return pipeline, one end of the flow bypass pipeline connected to the oil inlet pipeline and located between the oil circulation pump and the heat conduction oil system flowmeter, and a heat conduction oil shunt automatic switch valve arranged on the flow bypass pipeline. The safety protection part comprises a reactor safety valve arranged on the reactor, a vent pipeline connected to the reactor safety valve, a pressure relief bypass pipeline arranged across the vent pipeline and the hydrogen release main pipeline, one end of the pressure relief bypass pipeline connected to the hydrogen release main pipeline and located upstream of the hydrogen release automatic switch valve, and an automatic switch pressure relief valve, a pressure relief valve rear stop valve, and a pressure relief valve rear check valve arranged in sequence along the gas flow direction on the pressure relief bypass pipeline. The vent pipeline intersects with the hydrogen release main pipeline at a position close to the end to form an intersection point, the hydrogen release main pipeline and the vent pipeline downstream of the intersection point are a hydrogen release end section and a vent end section, respectively, a hydrogen filling automatic switch valve arranged on the hydrogen release end section, and a vent automatic switch valve arranged on the vent end section; the vacuum extraction pipeline end is connected to the intersection point, and a hydrogen release check valve arranged on a section of the hydrogen release main pipeline connected in parallel to the vacuum extraction pipeline.

[0006] As a preferred scheme of the hydrogen release system of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reactor, a hydrogen release filter, a hydrogen heat exchanger, a hydrogen release temperature transmitter, and a hydrogen system pressure switch are arranged in sequence along the gas flow direction on the hydrogen release main pipeline at a position upstream of the pressure relief bypass pipeline.

[0007] As a preferred scheme of the hydrogen release system of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reactor, a manual pressure relief bypass pipeline is arranged on the vent pipeline at a position upstream of the pressure relief bypass pipeline, the other end of the manual pressure relief bypass pipeline connected to the hydrogen release main pipeline and located between the hydrogen system pressure switch and the pressure relief bypass pipeline, and a manual pressure relief valve arranged on the manual pressure relief bypass pipeline.

[0008] As the preferred scheme of the hydrogen release system of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reaction kettle, the oil inlet pipeline is sequentially provided with an oil pump outlet pressure transmitter, an oil pump outlet temperature transmitter and an oil pump outlet check valve along the heat conducting oil flow direction at a position between the oil circulating pump and the heat conducting oil system flow meter, the oil inlet pipeline is sequentially provided with a heat conducting oil main road automatic regulating valve and a reaction kettle oil inlet temperature transmitter along the heat conducting oil flow direction at a position downstream of the heat conducting oil system flow meter, and the oil outlet pipeline is provided with a reaction kettle oil outlet temperature transmitter at a position close to the oil outlet of the reaction kettle.

[0009] As the preferred scheme of the hydrogen release system of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reaction kettle, the oil inlet pipeline is sequentially provided with an oil pump outlet pressure transmitter, an oil pump outlet temperature transmitter and an oil pump outlet check valve along the heat conducting oil flow direction at a position between the oil circulating pump and the heat conducting oil system flow meter, the oil inlet pipeline is sequentially provided with a heat conducting oil main road automatic regulating valve and a reaction kettle oil inlet temperature transmitter along the heat conducting oil flow direction at a position downstream of the heat conducting oil system flow meter, and the oil outlet pipeline is provided with a reaction kettle oil outlet temperature transmitter at a position close to the oil outlet of the reaction kettle.

[0010] As the preferred scheme of the hydrogen release system of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reaction kettle, the oil inlet pipeline is sequentially provided with an oil pump outlet pressure transmitter, an oil pump outlet temperature transmitter and an oil pump outlet check valve along the heat conducting oil flow direction at a position between the oil circulating pump and the heat conducting oil system flow meter, the oil inlet pipeline is sequentially provided with a heat conducting oil main road automatic regulating valve and a reaction kettle oil inlet temperature transmitter along the heat conducting oil flow direction at a position downstream of the heat conducting oil system flow meter, and the oil outlet pipeline is provided with a reaction kettle oil outlet temperature transmitter at a position close to the oil outlet of the reaction kettle. The reaction kettle is further provided with an inlet and an outlet, the cooling coils in the reaction kettle are supplied with chilled water through the inlet, and the water in the cooling coils is led out through the outlet; and the inlet and the outlet of the reaction kettle are connected with an external chilled water circulation system.

[0011] As the preferred scheme of the hydrogen release system of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reaction kettle, the oil inlet pipeline is sequentially provided with an oil pump outlet pressure transmitter, an oil pump outlet temperature transmitter and an oil pump outlet check valve along the heat conducting oil flow direction at a position between the oil circulating pump and the heat conducting oil system flow meter, the oil inlet pipeline is sequentially provided with a heat conducting oil main road automatic regulating valve and a reaction kettle oil inlet temperature transmitter along the heat conducting oil flow direction at a position downstream of the heat conducting oil system flow meter, and the oil outlet pipeline is provided with a reaction kettle oil outlet temperature transmitter at a position close to the oil outlet of the reaction kettle.

[0012] As the preferred scheme of the hydrogen release system of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reaction kettle, the oil inlet pipeline is sequentially provided with an oil pump outlet pressure transmitter, an oil pump outlet temperature transmitter and an oil pump outlet check valve along the heat conducting oil flow direction at a position between the oil circulating pump and the heat conducting oil system flow meter, the oil inlet pipeline is sequentially provided with a heat conducting oil main road automatic regulating valve and a reaction kettle oil inlet temperature transmitter along the heat conducting oil flow direction at a position downstream of the heat conducting oil system flow meter, and the oil outlet pipeline is provided with a reaction kettle oil outlet temperature transmitter at a position close to the oil outlet of the reaction kettle.

[0013] The application further discloses a hydrogen release method of a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reaction kettle, which is based on the hydrogen release system and is performed according to the following steps. Step one, vacuumizing the inner cavity of the reaction kettle so that the vacuum degree of the inner cavity of the reaction kettle reaches a set vacuum degree. Step two, close the hydrogen release automatic switch valve, start the external heat conducting oil circulation system, pass the heat conducting oil into each group of heat exchange coil through the oil inlet of the reaction kettle by the oil circulating pump, heat the hydrogen storage material filled in each hydrogen storage tank through the heat conducting oil flowing in each heat exchange coil, so that the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage tank is heated to the set hydrogen release temperature, and the hydrogen storage material starts to release hydrogen; Step three, when the pressure in the inner cavity of the reaction kettle reaches the set pressure value, open the hydrogen release automatic switch valve, connect the hydrogen release main pipeline, so that the hydrogen in the inner cavity of the reaction kettle is sent to the hydrogen equipment or the hydrogen filling equipment through the hydrogen release main pipeline; Step four, when the hydrogen release is stable, open the vacuum automatic switch valve, start the vacuum pump, and accelerate the hydrogen release by vacuum pumping; Step five, when the cumulative flow of hydrogen collected by the hydrogen release flowmeter reaches the hydrogen storage amount of each hydrogen storage tank, close the hydrogen filling automatic switch valve, open the vent automatic switch valve, continue to vacuumize the reaction kettle and the pipeline to the set vacuum degree, then close the vent automatic switch valve, and the hydrogen release is completed.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: The hydrogen release system and method of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reaction kettle provided by the present application sets a reaction kettle capable of placing multiple hydrogen storage tanks, realizes hydrogen release to multiple hydrogen storage tanks by releasing hydrogen to the reaction kettle, and improves the hydrogen release efficiency; the hydrogen release system includes a safety protection part used in cooperation with the hydrogen release part, multiple safety protections are provided for the system, and the safety of the system is improved; the hydrogen release automatic switch valve is provided on the hydrogen release main pipeline, the hydrogen release automatic switch valve can be closed first, the system pressure back pressure is increased to a certain pressure value, then the hydrogen release automatic switch valve is opened for hydrogen release, and the hydrogen release rate is improved; the vacuum pipeline is connected in parallel with the hydrogen release main pipeline, the vacuum hydrogen release form can be selected for use in the later stage of hydrogen release, so as to accelerate the hydrogen release rate, and the overall hydrogen release rate is improved; the hydrogen heat exchanger is provided on the hydrogen release main pipeline, the high-temperature hydrogen in the reaction kettle is cooled before being output, and damage of related parts of the system caused by high-temperature hydrogen is avoided; the temperature control part includes an external heat conducting oil circulation system, the heat conducting oil is branched off through the heat conducting oil shunt automatic switch valve on the flow bypass pipeline, so that the flow of the heat conducting oil entering the reaction kettle is better controlled, the flow of the heat conducting oil is stable, and the heating effect of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage tank is further guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the hydrogen release system of example 1.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of the hydrogen release system of example 2.

[0017] Mark in the figure: 1-1 reactor temperature transmitter, 1-2 reactor pressure transmitter, 1-3 reactor safety valve, 1-4 hydrogen release filter, 1-5 hydrogen heat exchanger, 1-6 hydrogen release temperature transmitter, 1-7 hydrogen system pressure switch, 1-8 hydrogen release automatic switch valve, 1-9 hydrogen release flowmeter, 1-10 manual pressure relief valve, 1-11 automatic switch pressure relief valve, 1-12 pressure relief valve after stop valve, 1-13 pressure relief valve after check valve, 1-14 vacuumizing automatic switch valve, 1-15 vacuum gauge, 1-16 vacuum pump, 1-17 hydrogen release check valve, 1-18 hydrogen filling automatic switch valve, 1-19 hydrogen equipment, 1-20 emptying automatic switch valve, 1-21 flame arrester, 1-22 air cap, 2-1 nitrogen purging check valve, 2-2 nitrogen purging hand valve, 3-1 heat conducting oil system heating rod, 3-2 oil circulating pump, 3-3 oil pump outlet pressure transmitter, 3-4 oil pump outlet temperature transmitter, 3-5 oil pump outlet check valve, 3-6 heat conducting oil heat exchanger, 3-7 heat conducting oil system flowmeter, 3-8 heat conducting oil main road automatic regulating valve, 3-9 reactor oil inlet temperature transmitter, 3-10 reactor oil outlet temperature transmitter, 3-11 heat conducting oil shunt automatic switch valve, 4-1 chilled water pump, 4-2 chilled water system check valve, 4-3 chilled water pump outlet pressure transmitter, 4-4 chilled water pump outlet temperature transmitter, 4-5 hydrogen heat exchanger front automatic switch valve, 4-6 heat conducting oil heat exchanger front automatic switch valve, 4-7 chilled water system flowmeter, 4-8 reactor cold water inlet automatic regulating valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is given on the premise of the technical solution of the present application, and detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0019] Embodiment 1 Reference Figure 1 The present embodiment provides a hydrogen release system of a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reactor. Each of the storage tanks is placed in a placing position in the inner cavity of the reactor. Each placing position is provided with a heat exchange coil outside the storage tank. The reactor is provided with an oil inlet, an oil outlet, a gas release interface, a reactor pressure transmitter interface and a reactor temperature transmitter interface. The reactor pressure transmitter interface and the reactor temperature transmitter interface are respectively connected with a reactor pressure transmitter 1-2 and a reactor temperature transmitter 1-1 to collect the pressure and temperature of the inner cavity of the reactor in real time. The oil is supplied to each group of heat exchange coils in the reactor through the oil inlet, and the oil in each group of heat exchange coils is discharged through the oil outlet. The storage tank is filled with magnesium-based hydrogen storage material. The magnesium-based hydrogen storage material needs to reach a certain hydrogen release temperature (about 350°C) to start hydrogen release. The magnesium-based hydrogen storage material needs to continuously absorb heat to maintain hydrogen release, and needs to maintain the temperature at the hydrogen release temperature (about 350°C) to continuously release hydrogen.

[0020] The hydrogen releasing system mainly comprises three parts, i.e. a hydrogen releasing part, a temperature control part and a safety protection part.

[0021] The hydrogen releasing part comprises a hydrogen releasing main pipeline, a gas releasing interface of a reactor connected to an inlet end of the hydrogen releasing main pipeline, and a hydrogen equipment 1-19 or a hydrogen filling equipment connected to an outlet end of the hydrogen releasing main pipeline. A hydrogen releasing filter 1-4, a hydrogen heat exchanger 1-5, a hydrogen releasing temperature transmitter 1-6, a hydrogen system pressure switch 1-7, a hydrogen releasing automatic switch valve 1-8, a hydrogen releasing flowmeter 1-9 and a hydrogen releasing one-way valve 1-17 are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen releasing main pipeline along a gas flow direction. A vacuum pipeline is connected in parallel to a section of the hydrogen releasing main pipeline downstream of the hydrogen releasing flowmeter 1-9, and the vacuum pipeline is connected in parallel to the hydrogen releasing one-way valve 1-17. A vacuum automatic switch valve 1-14, a vacuum meter 1-15 and a vacuum pump 1-16 are sequentially arranged on the vacuum pipeline along the gas flow direction.

[0022] A purging pipeline is connected to a section of the hydrogen releasing main pipeline between the hydrogen system pressure switch 1-7 and the hydrogen releasing automatic switch valve 1-8, and a nitrogen source is connected to an end of the purging pipeline. A nitrogen purging hand valve 2-2 and a nitrogen purging one-way valve 2-1 are sequentially arranged on the purging pipeline along the gas flow direction. When the system needs to be maintained and repaired, the nitrogen purging hand valve 2-2 can be opened, and the hydrogen releasing main pipeline is purged with nitrogen, and then the system is maintained and repaired. The nitrogen purging one-way valve 2-1 prevents hydrogen from contaminating the nitrogen source during operation.

[0023] The safety protection part comprises a reactor safety valve 1-3 arranged on the reactor. A vent pipeline is connected to the reactor safety valve 1-3. A pressure relief bypass pipeline is transversely arranged between the vent pipeline and the hydrogen releasing main pipeline. One end of the pressure relief bypass pipeline is connected to the hydrogen releasing main pipeline and located between the hydrogen releasing automatic switch valve 1-8 and the hydrogen system pressure switch 1-7. An automatic switch pressure relief valve 1-11, a pressure relief valve rear stop valve 1-12 and a pressure relief valve rear one-way valve 1-13 are sequentially arranged on the pressure relief bypass pipeline along the gas flow direction. A manual pressure relief bypass pipeline is arranged on the vent pipeline and located upstream of the pressure relief bypass pipeline. The other end of the manual pressure relief bypass pipeline is connected to the hydrogen releasing main pipeline and located between the hydrogen system pressure switch 1-7 and the pressure relief bypass pipeline. A manual pressure relief valve 1-10 is arranged on the manual pressure relief bypass pipeline.

[0024] The venting pipeline intersects with the hydrogen releasing main pipeline at a position close to the end of the venting pipeline to form an intersection point, and a section of the hydrogen releasing main pipeline and a section of the venting pipeline downstream of the intersection point are respectively a hydrogen releasing end section and a venting end section, the hydrogen releasing end section is provided with a hydrogen filling automatic on-off valve 1-18, the venting end section is provided with a venting automatic on-off valve 1-20, the end of the venting end section is connected with the atmosphere and is provided with a wind cap 1-22, and a fire arrester 1-21 is further arranged on the venting end section at a position close to the end of the venting end section; and the end of the vacuum pumping pipeline is connected with the intersection point. The structure design makes the end of the vacuum pumping pipeline selectively connected with the venting end section of the venting pipeline or the hydrogen releasing end section of the hydrogen releasing main pipeline, and automatic switching is realized through the on-off of the hydrogen filling automatic on-off valve 1-18 and the venting automatic on-off valve 1-20.

[0025] The automatic on-off pressure relief valve 1-11 is used for safety protection, because it is a normally open valve, when the system fails to power on or the hydrogen concentration in the environment exceeds the standard, flames, smoke and other abnormalities occur, all other valves are closed, and the automatic on-off pressure relief valve 1-11 and the venting automatic on-off valve 1-20 are automatically opened to discharge the hydrogen in the reactor, the opening degree of the post-pressure relief valve stop valve 1-12 is adjusted to control the hydrogen discharge rate to be within the safe flow rate range, and the role of the post-pressure relief valve check valve 1-13 is to prevent external air from entering the system. The automatic on-off pressure relief valve 1-11 also has another role, when the hydrogen releasing automatic on-off valve 1-8 fails to open and the system pressure collected by the reactor pressure transmitter 1-2 exceeds the pressure, the automatic on-off pressure relief valve 1-11 is opened to reduce the system pressure. The manual pressure relief valve 1-10 is used as a safety reserve, when the automatic on-off pressure relief valve 1-11 fails, the manual pressure relief valve 1-10 can be manually opened to release pressure. The hydrogen system pressure switch 1-7 is a safety design, the hydrogen system pressure switch 1-7 is not controlled by the control system, if the control system software is abnormal and the reactor pressure transmitter 1-2 cannot collect data, if the system pressure exceeds the safety value (which can be set to 0.7 MPa) at this time, that is, the hydrogen system pressure switch 1-7 exceeds the set pressure (0.7 MPa), the automatic on-off pressure relief valve 1-11 can be automatically controlled to open to release pressure. The reactor safety valve 1-3 is a safety design, when the system is out of control and exceeds the safety relief pressure (which can be set to 1 MPa), the hydrogen in the reactor can be discharged through the reactor safety valve 1-3.

[0026] The temperature control part comprises an external heat conduction oil circulation system, the external heat conduction oil circulation system comprises a heat conduction oil tank in which a heat conduction oil system heating rod 3-1 is arranged, an outlet of the heat conduction oil tank is connected with an oil inlet of the reaction kettle through an oil inlet pipeline, an inlet of the heat conduction oil tank is connected with an oil outlet of the reaction kettle through an oil return pipeline, an oil circulation pump 3-2 is arranged on the oil inlet pipeline close to the heat conduction oil tank, an oil pump outlet pressure transmitter 3-3, an oil pump outlet temperature transmitter 3-4, an oil pump outlet check valve 3-5, a heat conduction oil heat exchanger 3-6, a heat conduction oil system flow meter 3-7, a heat conduction oil main circuit automatic regulating valve 3-8 and a reaction kettle oil inlet temperature transmitter 3-9 are sequentially arranged on the oil inlet pipeline along a heat conduction oil flow direction, and a reaction kettle oil outlet temperature transmitter 3-10 is arranged on the oil inlet pipeline close to the oil outlet of the reaction kettle. A flow bypass pipeline is transversely arranged between the oil inlet pipeline and the oil return pipeline, one end of the flow bypass pipeline is connected to the oil inlet pipeline and located between the oil circulation pump 3-2 and the heat conduction oil system flow meter 3-7, and a heat conduction oil shunt automatic switch valve 3-11 is arranged on the flow bypass pipeline. The heat conduction oil in the heat conduction oil heat exchanger 3-6 pipeline is heat-exchanged and cooled by the external cooling system, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen heat exchanger 1-5 pipeline is heat-exchanged and cooled. The heat conduction oil heat exchanger 3-6 and the external cooling system pipeline are controlled to be connected or disconnected by a heat conduction oil heat exchanger front automatic switch valve 4-6, and the hydrogen heat exchanger 1-5 and the external cooling system pipeline are controlled to be connected or disconnected by a hydrogen heat exchanger front automatic switch valve 4-5.

[0027] The heat conduction oil system heating rod 3-1 is used for heating the heat conduction oil, the oil pump outlet pressure transmitter 3-3 is used for monitoring the pressure of the heat conduction oil system, the oil pump outlet temperature transmitter 3-4 is used for monitoring the temperature of the heat conduction oil system, the oil pump outlet check valve 3-5 is used for preventing the heat conduction oil from flowing back when the system is stopped and impacting the impeller of the oil circulation pump 3-2, and the reaction kettle oil inlet temperature transmitter 3-9 and the reaction kettle oil outlet temperature transmitter 3-10 are used for monitoring the temperature of the heat conduction oil entering and flowing out of the reaction kettle, so as to calculate the temperature difference and take it as a basis for controlling the heat conduction oil flow.

[0028] The embodiment also discloses a hydrogen release method of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reaction kettle, and the hydrogen release method is based on the hydrogen release system and is performed according to the following steps. Step one, vacuumizing the inner cavity of the reaction kettle so that the vacuum degree of the inner cavity of the reaction kettle reaches a set vacuum degree; Step two, closing the hydrogen release automatic switch valve 1-8, starting the external heat conduction oil circulation system, and passing the heat conduction oil into each group of heat exchange coils through the oil inlet of the reaction kettle by the oil circulation pump 3-2, so that the heat conduction oil flowing through each heat exchange coil heats the hydrogen storage material filled in each hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage tank is heated to a set hydrogen release temperature, and the hydrogen storage material starts to release hydrogen; Step three, when the reactor cavity pressure reaches the set pressure value, open the hydrogen release automatic switch valve 1-8, connect the hydrogen release main pipeline, so that the hydrogen in the reactor cavity is sent to the hydrogen equipment 1-19 or the hydrogen filling equipment through the hydrogen release main pipeline; Step four, when the hydrogen release to the pressure is stable, no longer decline, no longer fluctuate, open the vacuum automatic switch valve 1-14, start the vacuum pump 1-16, through the vacuum pumping, accelerate the hydrogen release; Step five, when the hydrogen cumulative flow collected by the hydrogen release flowmeter 1-9 reaches the hydrogen storage amount of each hydrogen storage tank, close the hydrogen filling automatic switch valve 1-18, open the vent automatic switch valve 1-20, continue to vacuum the reactor and pipeline to the set vacuum degree (100 Pa), then close the vent automatic switch valve 1-20, the hydrogen release is completed.

[0029] The specific hydrogen release process is: Before hydrogen release, the reactor cavity is first vacuumed, that is: Close the automatic switch relief valve 1-11, keep the vent automatic switch valve 1-20 open, start the vacuum automatic switch valve 1-14, start the vacuum pump 1-16, vacuum the reactor. Through the vacuum gauge 1-15 to collect the vacuum degree value, when the vacuum degree reaches the specified requirement, close the vacuum automatic switch valve 1-14, then close the vacuum pump 1-16 and the vent automatic switch valve 1-20, end the vacuum process.

[0030] After vacuuming, start the hydrogen release process, that is: The hydrogen release automatic switch valve 1-8 is closed, the heat conducting oil system heating rod 3-1 and the oil circulating pump 3-2 are opened in turn, the heat conducting oil flow is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the heat conducting oil main road automatic regulating valve 3-8, and the heat conducting oil flow is read by the heat conducting oil system flow meter 3-7. The function of the heat conducting oil shunt automatic switch valve 3-11 is that when the required heat conducting oil flow of the reaction kettle is small, the heat conducting oil shunt automatic switch valve 3-11 is opened to shunt part of the flow, so as to prevent the oil flow entering the reaction kettle from being unstable, and the temperature of the heat conducting oil is collected through the reaction kettle oil inlet temperature transmitter 3-9 and the reaction kettle oil outlet temperature transmitter 3-10, and when the temperature of the heat conducting oil reaches the hydrogen release temperature, the heat conducting oil is circulated at this temperature. When the heat conducting oil is heated to the hydrogen release temperature by the heat exchange coil in the reaction kettle, the hydrogen storage material starts to release hydrogen; at the same time, the external cooling system is opened to make the chilled water flow through the hydrogen heat exchanger 1-5, and the temperature of the high-temperature hydrogen released in the reaction kettle is reduced through the hydrogen heat exchanger 1-5. In the initial stage of hydrogen release, the hydrogen release automatic switch valve 1-8 is still closed, and when the pressure collected by the reaction kettle pressure transmitter 1-2 reaches 0.5 MPa, the system has a certain pressure, which can release hydrogen faster. The hydrogen release automatic switch valve 1-8 and the hydrogen filling automatic switch valve 1-18 are opened, so that the hydrogen flows through the hydrogen release one-way valve 1-17 and the hydrogen release tail section, and then enters the hydrogen equipment 1-19 or the hydrogen filling equipment to fill hydrogen. When the hydrogen release pressure does not fluctuate obviously, the remaining hydrogen is released slowly, at which time the vacuum pumping process can be performed, the vacuum pumping automatic switch valve 1-14 is opened, the vacuum pump 1-16 is started, and the hydrogen release is accelerated by vacuum pumping; when the cumulative flow of hydrogen collected by the hydrogen release flow meter 1-9 reaches the hydrogen storage amount of each hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen filling automatic switch valve 1-18 is closed, and the vent automatic switch valve 1-20 is opened. After the reaction kettle and the pipeline are vacuumed to the set vacuum degree (100 Pa), the vent automatic switch valve 1-20 is closed, and the hydrogen release is completed. Then the external cooling system is opened to make the chilled water flow through the heat conducting oil heat exchanger 3-6, the temperature of the heat conducting oil is reduced through the heat conducting oil heat exchanger 3-6, and the reaction kettle is cooled. When the temperature in the reaction kettle is reduced to room temperature, the reaction kettle is opened, and the hydrogen release tank is taken out.

[0031] Example 2 Reference Figure 2 In this embodiment, the difference from example 1 is the temperature control part. In this embodiment, a chilled water pipeline is added in the reaction kettle, which is used for cooling the hydrogen storage tank in each placement position in the reaction kettle.

[0032] The specific structure of the added chilled water pipeline is as follows: Each placement position in the reaction kettle is also provided with cooling coils located at the periphery of the hydrogen storage tank, and the cooling coils and the heat exchange coils form a double helical pipe structure arranged in a staggered manner.

[0033] The external chilled water circulation system comprises a chilled water tank, the outlet of the chilled water tank is connected with the water inlet of the reaction kettle through a water inlet pipe, the inlet of the chilled water tank is connected with the water outlet of the reaction kettle through a water return pipe, and the water inlet pipe is sequentially provided with a chilled water pump 4-1, a chilled water system check valve 4-2, a chilled water pump outlet pressure transmitter 4-3, a chilled water pump outlet temperature transmitter 4-4, a chilled water system flow meter 4-7 and a reaction kettle chilled water inlet automatic regulating valve 4-8 along the water flow direction.

[0034] The chilled water pump outlet pressure transmitter 4-3 is used to monitor the pressure of the chilled water system, the chilled water pump outlet temperature transmitter 4-4 is used to monitor the temperature of the chilled water system, the chilled water system check valve 4-2 is used to prevent the backflow of chilled water when the system is stopped and to impact the impeller of the chilled water pump 4-1, and the chilled water system flow meter 4-7 is used to control the flow of chilled water entering the reaction kettle, so as to control the cooling speed of the reaction kettle.

[0035] In the embodiment, the external heat conduction oil circulation system and the external chilled water circulation system are two independent systems, the external heat conduction oil circulation system is used to control the temperature rise of the inner cavity of the reaction kettle, and the external chilled water circulation system is used to control the temperature drop of the inner cavity of the reaction kettle.

[0036] The refrigerant inlet and outlet of the hydrogen heat exchanger 1-5 are connected with the external chilled water circulation system, and the chilled water is circulated into the refrigerant pipeline of the hydrogen heat exchanger 1-5 through the external chilled water circulation system, so as to exchange heat and cool the hydrogen in the pipeline of the hydrogen heat exchanger 1-5.

[0037] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydrogen release system of a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reactor, characterized in that: Each of the reaction kettle cavities is provided with a hydrogen storage tank, and each of the reaction kettle cavities is provided with a heat exchange coil outside the hydrogen storage tank; the reaction kettle is provided with an oil inlet, an oil outlet, a gas outlet, a reaction kettle pressure transmitter interface and a reaction kettle temperature transmitter interface; the reaction kettle is supplied with oil through the oil inlet; the oil in the heat exchange coil is discharged through the oil outlet; The hydrogen release system comprises a hydrogen release part, a temperature control part and a safety protection part; The hydrogen release part comprises a hydrogen release main pipeline, the hydrogen release main pipeline is connected to the gas outlet of the reaction kettle at the inlet end, and the hydrogen release main pipeline is sequentially provided with a hydrogen release automatic switch valve (1-8) and a hydrogen release flowmeter (1-9) along the gas flow direction; a vacuum pipeline is connected in parallel to the hydrogen release main pipeline at a position downstream of the hydrogen release flowmeter (1-9); the vacuum pipeline is sequentially provided with a vacuum automatic switch valve (1-14), a vacuum gauge (1-15) and a vacuum pump (1-16) along the gas flow direction; The temperature control part comprises an external heat conduction oil circulation system, the external heat conduction oil circulation system comprises a heat conduction oil tank provided with a heat conduction oil system heating rod (3-1); the outlet of the heat conduction oil tank is connected to the oil inlet of the reaction kettle through an oil inlet pipeline; the inlet of the heat conduction oil tank is connected to the oil outlet of the reaction kettle through an oil return pipeline; an oil circulation pump (3-2) is arranged on the oil inlet pipeline at a position close to the heat conduction oil tank; a heat conduction oil system flowmeter (3-7) is arranged on the oil inlet pipeline; a flow bypass pipeline is arranged between the oil inlet pipeline and the oil return pipeline; one end of the flow bypass pipeline is connected to the oil inlet pipeline and located between the oil circulation pump (3-2) and the heat conduction oil system flowmeter (3-7); a heat conduction oil shunt automatic switch valve (3-11) is arranged on the flow bypass pipeline; The safety protection part comprises a reaction kettle safety valve (1-3) arranged on the reaction kettle; the reaction kettle safety valve (1-3) is connected to a vent pipeline; a pressure relief bypass pipeline is arranged between the vent pipeline and the hydrogen release main pipeline; one end of the pressure relief bypass pipeline is connected to the hydrogen release main pipeline and located upstream of the hydrogen release automatic switch valve (1-8); an automatic switch relief valve (1-11), a relief valve rear stop valve (1-12) and a relief valve rear check valve (1-13) are sequentially arranged on the pressure relief bypass pipeline along the gas flow direction; The vent pipeline intersects with the hydrogen release main pipeline at a position close to the end to form an intersection point; the hydrogen release main pipeline and the vent pipeline are respectively a hydrogen release end section and a vent end section at a position downstream of the intersection point; a hydrogen filling automatic switch valve (1-18) is arranged on the hydrogen release end section; a vent automatic switch valve (1-20) is arranged on the vent end section; the vacuum pipeline end is connected to the intersection point; a hydrogen release check valve (1-17) is arranged on the hydrogen release main pipeline and the vacuum pipeline.

2. The hydrogen release system of claim 1, wherein: A hydrogen release filter (1-4), a hydrogen heat exchanger (1-5), a hydrogen release temperature transmitter (1-6) and a hydrogen system pressure switch (1-7) are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen release main pipeline along the gas flow direction at a position upstream of the pressure relief bypass pipeline.

3. The hydrogen release system of claim 2, wherein: the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reactor is a hydrogen release system. The manual pressure relief bypass pipeline is provided on the venting pipeline at a position upstream of the pressure relief bypass pipeline, one end of the manual pressure relief bypass pipeline is connected to the hydrogen release main pipeline at a position between the hydrogen system pressure switch (1-7) and the pressure relief bypass pipeline, and the manual pressure relief bypass pipeline is provided with a manual pressure relief valve (1-10).

4. The hydrogen release system of claim 1, wherein: The oil inlet pipeline is provided with an oil pump outlet pressure transmitter (3-3), an oil pump outlet temperature transmitter (3-3), and an oil pump outlet check valve (3-5) in sequence along the heat conducting oil flow direction at a position between the oil circulating pump (3-2) and the heat conducting oil system flow meter (3-7), the oil inlet pipeline is provided with a heat conducting oil main road automatic regulating valve (3-8) and a reactor oil inlet temperature transmitter (3-9) in sequence along the heat conducting oil flow direction at a position downstream of the heat conducting oil system flow meter (3-7), and the oil return pipeline is provided with a reactor oil outlet temperature transmitter (3-10) at a position close to the reactor oil outlet.

5. The hydrogen release system of claim 4, wherein: the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reactor is a hydrogen release system. The oil inlet pipeline is provided with a heat conducting oil heat exchanger (3-6) at a position between the oil pump outlet check valve (3-5) and the heat conducting oil system flow meter (3-7), and the heat conducting oil in the heat conducting oil heat exchanger (3-6) pipeline is cooled by an external cooling system.

6. The hydrogen release system of claim 4, wherein: Each of the reaction kettles is further provided with a cooling coil located at the periphery of the hydrogen storage tank, and the cooling coil and the heat exchange coil form a double helical pipe structure. The reaction kettle is further provided with an inlet and an outlet, cold water is supplied to each group of cooling coils in the reaction kettle through the inlet, and water in each group of cooling coils is discharged through the outlet; the inlet and the outlet of the reaction kettle are connected to an external chilled water circulation system.

7. The hydrogen release system of claim 6, wherein: the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reactor is a hydrogen release system. The external chilled water circulation system comprises a cold water tank, the outlet of the cold water tank is connected to the inlet of the reaction kettle through an inlet pipe, the inlet of the cold water tank is connected to the outlet of the reaction kettle through a return pipe, and the inlet pipe is provided with a chilled water pump (4-1), a chilled water system check valve (4-2), a chilled water pump outlet pressure transmitter (4-3), a chilled water pump outlet temperature transmitter (4-4), and a reactor cold water inlet automatic regulating valve (4-8) in sequence along the water flow direction.

8. The hydrogen release system of claim 7, wherein: the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reactor is a hydrogen release system. The refrigerant inlet and outlet of the hydrogen heat exchanger (1-5) are connected to an external chilled water circulation system, and chilled water is circulated into the refrigerant pipeline of the hydrogen heat exchanger (1-5) through the external chilled water circulation system.

9. A method for hydrogen release from a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage reactor, the method comprising: The hydrogen release method is based on the hydrogen release system of any one of claims 1 to 8, and the hydrogen release method is performed according to the following steps: ​ Step one, vacuumize the reaction kettle cavity, so that the vacuum degree of the reaction kettle cavity reaches a set vacuum degree; Step two, close the hydrogen release automatic on-off valve (1-8), start the external heat conducting oil circulation system, pass the heat conducting oil into each group of heat exchange coils through the oil inlet of the reaction kettle by the oil circulating pump (3-2), heat the hydrogen storage material filled in each hydrogen storage tank by the heat conducting oil flowing through each heat exchange coil, so that the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage tank is heated to a set hydrogen release temperature, and the hydrogen storage material starts to release hydrogen; Step three, when the reactor cavity pressure reaches the set pressure value, open the hydrogen release automatic switch valve (1-8), connect the hydrogen release main pipeline, so that the hydrogen in the reactor cavity is sent to the hydrogen equipment (1-19) or the hydrogen filling equipment through the hydrogen release main pipeline; Step four, when the hydrogen release to the pressure is stable, open the vacuum automatic switch valve (1-14), start the vacuum pump (1-16), and accelerate the hydrogen release by vacuum pumping; Step five, when the hydrogen cumulative flow collected by the hydrogen release flowmeter (1-9) reaches the hydrogen storage amount of each hydrogen storage tank, close the hydrogen filling automatic switch valve (1-18), open the venting automatic switch valve (1-20) at the same time, continue to vacuum the reactor and pipeline to the set vacuum degree, then close the venting automatic switch valve (1-20), and the hydrogen release is completed.

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