Conveying, sorting and spraying integrated test system for polluted soil remediation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of polluted soil remediation, in particular to a conveying, sorting and spraying integrated test system for polluted soil remediation, which comprises a test trolley capable of running in a field, the test trolley comprises a bearing chassis, the bearing chassis comprises a front chassis and a rear chassis, a soil laboratory for detecting soil is mounted at the top of the rear chassis; the soil shoveling device mounted on the front side of the soil loosening plate can complete primary treatment of the soil surface layer before soil loosening operation; the shoveling device is provided with a liquid spraying pipe and a plurality of liquid spraying openings, so that the liquid spraying operation can be synchronously completed in the shoveling and soil loosening processes; the bottom screening plate is positioned on the rear side of the shoveling device and is used for receiving the shoveled and primarily loosened soil, and a screening structure is formed by first screening strips and second screening strips on a first transverse plate and a second transverse plate; soil samples meeting the particle size requirement can be provided for different experiment requirements, and the sample screening accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of contaminated soil remediation technology, and in particular to an integrated testing system for conveying, sorting and spraying contaminated soil for remediation. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous acceleration of industrialization, the unreasonable mining and smelting emissions of mineral resources, long-term irrigation of soil with sewage and application of sludge, atmospheric deposition caused by human activities, and the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides have led to serious soil pollution. In general, the harm of soil pollution is multifaceted, affecting not only food safety and human health, but also necessitating continued soil remediation.

[0003] Among them, Chinese invention patent with application number 2024109251704 discloses a soil remediation device that can enhance the soil remediation effect. It uses a soil crushing component to crush the soil, sprays the remediation liquid onto the soil surface after crushing, and then uses a mixing component to mix the soil and the remediation liquid so that the remediation liquid and the soil are evenly mixed.

[0004] In existing technologies, soil clearing, loosening, and application of soil conditioner are mostly independent operations, requiring separate equipment and phased operation. For example, a soil clearer is first used to remove surface weeds, then a soil loosener is used to break up the soil, and finally, a soil conditioner is applied manually or mechanically. The transitions between these steps are time-consuming, and the soil is prone to secondary compaction. The lack of integrated equipment leads to a disconnect between these steps, making it difficult for the liquid conditioner to come into contact with the freshly loosened soil, resulting in low penetration efficiency.

[0005] In remediation technologies, soil screening is often a standalone step after remediation, or relies solely on simple filtration structures, failing to simultaneously screen soil particles of the appropriate size for remediation during the pretreatment stage. When large soil clods enter the remediation process directly, insufficient contact area with the amendment leads to significant variations in remediation effectiveness. Furthermore, the lack of a targeted sample grading mechanism prevents precise matching of remediation solutions based on soil particle size, impacting remediation efficiency and increasing ineffective costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated testing system for conveying, sorting, and spraying contaminated soil for remediation, addressing the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An integrated testing system for conveying, sorting, and spraying contaminated soil remediation includes a test trolley capable of operating in a field. The test trolley includes a load-bearing chassis, which comprises a front chassis and a rear chassis. The front chassis is equipped with a soil loosening mechanism, and the top of the rear chassis is equipped with a soil laboratory for soil testing.

[0009] The soil loosening mechanism includes multiple soil loosening modules installed at the bottom of the front chassis. Each soil loosening module includes a soil loosening plate, with longitudinally arranged soil loosening side plates installed at both ends of the soil loosening plate. A rotatable soil loosening main shaft is installed between two soil loosening side plates. Multiple equidistant fixed sleeves are sleeved on the soil loosening main shaft, and multiple soil loosening rods are evenly installed on the outer ring wall of the fixed sleeves.

[0010] The loosening module also includes a shoveling device installed on the front side of the loosening plate. The shoveling device includes a shoveling beam with multiple shoveling drive arms slidably mounted on it. The shoveling drive arms are arc-shaped, and shoveling blocks are installed at the bottom of the shoveling drive arms. The shoveling device also includes a spray pipe located below the shoveling beam, which has multiple spray nozzles. Pipe support rails are arranged along the length of the shoveling drive arms, and pipe support seats are slidably mounted on the pipe support rails. The pipe support seats have pipe mounting holes for installing the spray pipe. One of the outermost shoveling drive arms is equipped with a pipe angle adjustment device for adjusting the angle of the spray pipe.

[0011] A soil transport module is provided between the front chassis and the soil laboratory. The soil transport module includes a pair of parallel and spaced soil elevators. The soil elevators are equipped with inclined lifting conveyor belts along their length. A bottom screening plate is also provided at the bottom of the front chassis, located behind the shoveling device. The bottom end of the inclined lifting conveyor belt is connected to the bottom screening plate. The bottom screening plate is equipped with a first transverse plate and a second transverse plate. The first transverse plate and the second transverse plate can move relative to each other. The first transverse plate is equipped with a plurality of equidistant first screening strips, and the second transverse plate is equipped with a plurality of equidistant second screening strips.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The shoveling device installed on the front side of the loosening plate can complete the preliminary treatment of the soil surface before loosening operations. The horizontally arranged shoveling blocks can first remove weeds, stubble, and shallow compacted soil from the ground surface, preventing these debris from entering the subsequent loosening process and affecting the working effect of the loosening rod. The arc-shaped shoveling drive arm is designed to conform to the curvature of the soil surface, reducing resistance during shoveling while ensuring uniform shoveling depth, creating a cleaner and looser initial soil environment for the loosening module, and improving the smoothness and quality of subsequent loosening operations. Multiple shoveling drive arms slidably installed on the shoveling beam can flexibly adjust their spacing and number according to the actual working width and soil conditions.

[0013] The tilling device is equipped with a spray pipe and multiple spray nozzles, which can simultaneously complete liquid spraying operations during tilling and loosening of the soil. The spray pipe can spray herbicides, nutrient solutions, or soil conditioners as needed. The liquid reaches the top and shallow soil layers directly through the evenly distributed spray nozzles. Combined with the tilling and loosening action, it greatly increases the contact area and penetration efficiency between the liquid and the soil, realizing integrated operation of tilling, loosening, and liquid application, reducing separate construction operations, and saving time and costs.

[0014] The bottom screening plate, located at the rear of the shoveling device, receives the soil after shoveling and preliminary loosening. A screening structure is formed by the first and second screening bars on the first and second transverse plates. The two transverse plates can move relative to each other, allowing for flexible adjustment of the gap between the first and second screening bars: a smaller gap allows for the screening of fine soil particles, while a larger gap allows larger soil clods to pass through, achieving preliminary classification of soil particle size. This adjustable screening design not only removes stones and debris from the soil, preventing them from entering subsequent transportation stages and causing equipment wear, but also provides soil samples that meet the particle size requirements for different experimental needs, improving the accuracy of sample screening. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated testing system.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the soil loosening module. Figure 3 This is a front view structural diagram of the soil loosening module.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a front view of the soil loosening module, showing the state of the spray pipe moving downwards.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the soil loosening module from another perspective.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the front and rear chassis.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a top view of the front chassis structure.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a front view structural diagram of an integrated testing system.

[0022] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a soil lifting machine.

[0023] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the soil lifting machine from another perspective.

[0024] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge assembly. Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the movable connector. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the soil laboratory.

[0025] The reference numerals in the figures include:

[0026] 1-Test vehicle, 11-Bearing chassis, 111-Front chassis, 112-Rear chassis, 113-First front drive beam

[0027] 114-Front crossbeam, 115-Second front drive beam, 116-Front support wheel, 117-Crawler travel device

[0028] 12-Soil loosening mechanism, 120-Soil loosening module, 121-Soil loosening board, 122-Soil loosening side plate,

[0029] 123-Soil loosening spindle, 124-Fixing sleeve, 125-Soil loosening rod, 126-Shovel drive motor

[0030] 127 - Driving gear, 128 - Driven gear, 129 - Transmission gear

[0031] 13-Shoveling device, 131-Shoveling crossbeam, 132-Shoveling drive arm, 133-Shoveling block,

[0032] 134-Elastic mounting base, 135-Sliding mounting groove, 136-Pass through groove, 137-Top connecting bracket,

[0033] 14-Spray pipe, 141-Spray nozzle, 142-Pipe support rail, 143-Pipe support base,

[0034] 144-Pipe mounting hole, 145-Drive water tank, 146-Water supply hose, 147-Pipe lifting cylinder

[0035] 148 - Angle telescopic cylinder, 149 - Swing connecting arm,

[0036] 2-Bottom screening module, 21-Bottom screening plate, 211-First transverse plate, 212-Second transverse plate

[0037] 213-First screening bar, 214-Second screening bar, 215-Guide slider, 216-T-shaped guide chute, 22-Screening side plate, 221-Feeding linear module, 222-Feeding linear guide rail, 223-Linear moving seat, 224-Guide column, 225-Feeding shovel plate, 226-Feeding lifting cylinder, 227-Bottom hinge block.

[0038] 228-Screening connecting rod, 229-Screening telescopic cylinder,

[0039] 3-Soil lifting machine

[0040] 31-Conveyor belt assembly, 311-First conveyor plate, 312-Second conveyor plate, 313-First conveyor roller, 314-Second conveyor roller, 315-Conveyor belt, 316-Lifting hopper, 317-Mounting frame

[0041] 32-Hinged assembly

[0042] 321-First hinge plate, 322-Second hinge plate, 323-Hinge shaft, 324-Sliding mounting groove

[0043] 325 - First sliding seat, 326 - Mounting shaft, 327 - Guide roller, 328 - Support seat

[0044] 33-Lifting Frame

[0045] 331-Modible connector, 332-Top seat, 333-Modible slot, 334-Modible shaft, 335-Circular block, 336-Modible connecting hole, 337-Modible connecting long slot, 338-Modible connecting seat.

[0046] 34-Bottom frame, 341-First support rod, 342-First lifting slot, 343-First lifting rod

[0047] 344-First guide groove, 345-Second support rod, 346-Second lifting groove, 347-Second lifting rod, 348-Second guide groove, 349-Support slide,

[0048] 4-Soil Laboratory

[0049] 41-First experimental chamber, 411-Second experimental chamber, 412-First soil conveying mechanism

[0050] 413 - Second soil conveying mechanism; 414 - Bottom conveyor belt; 415 - Top conveyor belt;

[0051] 416 - Conveyor belt support frame, 417 - Lateral support arm, 418 - Conveyor linear module

[0052] 42-Crusher

[0053] 421-Soil crushing conveyor belt, 422-Spray pipe, 423-Discharge outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] like Figure 1-13 As shown, a test system for conveying, sorting and spraying contaminated soil remediation includes a test vehicle 1 that can operate in the field. The test vehicle 1 includes a supporting chassis 11, which includes a front chassis 111 and a rear chassis 112. The front chassis 111 is equipped with a soil loosening mechanism 12, and the top of the rear chassis 112 is equipped with a soil laboratory 4 for soil testing.

[0056] Specifically, the front chassis 111 includes a front chassis frame mounted on the front side of the rear chassis 112, a pair of parallel and spaced first front drive beams 113 on the front chassis frame, a plurality of parallel and spaced front crossbeams 114 mounted between the two first front drive beams 113, and a second front drive beam 115 mounted between the two first front drive beams 113. The second front drive beam 115 is arranged parallel and spaced with the first front drive beam 113. The combination of the two first front drive beams 113 and the single second front drive beam 115 forms the support of three drive beams, which makes the front chassis frame have better support force. With the cooperation of the multiple front crossbeams 114, the drive beams can be prevented from being dispersed, so that the support is more uniform.

[0057] Two first front drive beams 113 are equidistant from each other. A pair of rotatable front support wheels 116 are provided at the front end of the front chassis frame. The rear chassis 112 includes a rear chassis frame 112, on which the soil laboratory 4 is mounted. Tracked walking devices 117 are installed on both sides of the rear chassis frame 112. The front chassis frame and the rear chassis frame 112 are connected. The rear chassis frame 112 generates rear driving force through the tracked walking devices 117, enabling the entire test vehicle 1 to move forward. In conjunction with the front support wheels 116 mounted on the front chassis frame, the entire vehicle can move. The tracked walking devices 117 have good passability and can travel on gravel and muddy roads; they also have an anti-slip effect.

[0058] The soil loosening mechanism 12 includes multiple soil loosening modules 120 installed at the bottom of the front chassis 111. Each soil loosening module 120 includes a soil loosening plate 121. Both ends of the soil loosening plate 121 are equipped with longitudinally arranged soil loosening side plates 122. A rotatable soil loosening main shaft 123 is installed between two soil loosening side plates 122. Multiple equidistant fixed sleeves 124 are sleeved on the soil loosening main shaft 123. Multiple soil loosening rods 125 are evenly installed on the outer ring wall of the fixed sleeves 124.

[0059] Multiple loosening modules 120 installed at the bottom of the front chassis 111 are employed, and the simultaneous operation of multiple modules can significantly increase the working area of ​​a single loosening operation. Compared with a single loosening structure, this design can loosen more soil and soft rocks in the same amount of time, significantly improving overall work efficiency, and is especially suitable for soil improvement operations in large-area farmland, orchards, and other similar scenarios. Longitudinal side plates enhance operational stability and guidance. The longitudinally arranged loosening side plates 122 installed at both ends of the loosening plate 121 play multiple key roles during operation. On the one hand, the side plates effectively define the loosening area, preventing excessive diffusion of soil to both sides during loosening and ensuring that the loosening energy is concentrated on the target area; on the other hand, the longitudinal side plates enhance the structural rigidity of the entire loosening module 120, reducing swaying and deformation caused by soil resistance during operation, and improving the stability of the mechanism's operation. Simultaneously, the side plates also provide guidance in the forward direction, assisting the mechanism to advance smoothly along a preset path. The rotating spindle and multiple sets of loosening rods 125 achieve deep loosening and soil breaking. A rotatable loosening spindle 123 installed between two loosening side plates 122, together with multiple equidistantly arranged fixed sleeves 124 sleeved on it, and multiple loosening rods 125 evenly installed on the outer ring wall of the sleeves, forms a highly efficient loosening execution component. When the spindle rotates, it drives the loosening rods 125 to rotate synchronously. The loosening rods 125 can penetrate deep into the soil and break up the soil compaction layer through cutting and turning actions. The equidistant arrangement of the multiple fixed sleeves 124 ensures the uniform distribution of the loosening rods 125 in the lateral direction, so that all areas of the soil can be fully loosened; while the multiple loosening rods 125 evenly installed on each sleeve further increase the frequency and intensity of loosening per unit area, breaking large clumps of soil into finer particles, improving soil aeration and water retention, and creating good soil conditions for subsequent sowing, planting and other operations.

[0060] The overall structural design of the loosening module 120 is highly adaptable and easy to maintain. The installation method between the components is simple and reasonable. The connection between the loosening module 120 and the front chassis 111 allows for adjustment of the installation quantity and position according to actual operation requirements, adapting to different operating width requirements. At the same time, the structures of core components such as the loosening spindle 123, the fixing sleeve 124, and the loosening rod 125 are relatively independent. When a component wears out or fails, it is easy to disassemble and replace it individually, reducing maintenance costs and downtime, and extending the overall service life of the mechanism. The loosening module 120 also includes a shoveling device 13 installed on the front side of the loosening plate 121. The shoveling device 13 includes a shoveling beam 131, and multiple shoveling drive arms 132 are slidably installed on the shoveling beam 131. The shoveling drive arms 132 are arc-shaped, and shoveling blocks 133 are installed at the bottom of the shoveling drive arms 132. The shoveling device 13 also includes a spray pipe 14 located below the shoveling beam 131. The spray pipe 14 is formed with multiple spray nozzles 141. The shoveling drive arms 132 are arranged with pipe support rails 142 along their length. Pipe support seats 143 are slidably installed on the pipe support rails 142. The pipe support seats 143 are formed with pipe mounting holes 144 for installing the spray pipe 14. One of the outermost shoveling drive arms 132 is provided with a pipe angle adjustment device for adjusting the angle of the spray pipe 14.

[0061] The shoveling device 13, installed in front of the loosening plate 121, can perform preliminary treatment of the soil surface before loosening operations. The laterally arranged shoveling blocks 133 can first remove weeds, stubble, and shallow compacted soil from the surface, preventing these debris from affecting the working effect of the loosening rod 125 in subsequent loosening stages. The arc-shaped shoveling drive arm 132 is designed to conform to the curvature of the soil surface, reducing resistance during shoveling while ensuring uniform shoveling depth, creating a cleaner and looser initial soil environment for the loosening module 120, and improving the smoothness and quality of subsequent loosening operations. Multiple shoveling drive arms 132, slidably mounted on the shoveling beam 131, can flexibly adjust their spacing and number according to the actual working width and soil conditions. Through sliding adjustment, it can precisely adapt to the needs of different row spacings and plot shapes, achieving full-coverage shoveling operations whether in regular farmland or corner areas. This adjustability allows the shoveling device 13 to maintain a consistent operating range and cope with diverse operating scenarios when working with the multi-module soil loosening mechanism 12, thus enhancing the overall versatility of the mechanism.

[0062] The tillage device 13 is equipped with a spray pipe 14 and multiple spray nozzles 141, which can simultaneously complete liquid spraying operations during tillage and soil loosening. The spray pipe 14 can spray herbicides, nutrient solutions, or soil conditioners as needed. The liquid reaches the surface and shallow soil layers directly through the evenly distributed spray nozzles 141. Combined with the tillage turning and soil loosening breaking action, it greatly increases the contact area and penetration efficiency between the liquid and the soil, realizing integrated operation of tillage, soil loosening, and liquid application, reducing separate construction operations, and saving time and costs. The pipe support rail 142 and the slidingly installed pipe support seat 143 on the tillage drive arm 132 provide a stable installation and adjustment foundation for the spray pipe 14. The pipe mounting hole 144 ensures the spray pipe 14 is firmly fixed, preventing positional displacement due to operational vibration. The pipe angle adjustment device on the outermost shovel drive arm 132 allows for flexible adjustment of the spray pipe 14 angle according to soil slope and spraying requirements, ensuring precise coverage of the shoveling and loosening areas, reducing liquid waste, and improving spray uniformity. This is particularly suitable for scenarios with undulating terrain or requiring targeted spraying. The front-to-back arrangement of the shoveling device 13 and the loosening module 120 creates a seamless workflow. Soil after shoveling is briefly transported before entering the loosening stage, reducing the possibility of secondary soil compaction. The sliding and adjustment structures of each component match the adjustability of the original loosening module 120, making the overall mechanism more responsive to adjustments in operational parameters, further improving the operational efficiency and synergy of the entire process from surface pretreatment to deep loosening.

[0063] Preferably, the loosening plate 121 has multiple through grooves 136 aligned longitudinally with the loosening rod 125. A portion of the loosening rod 125 passes through the through grooves 136. When the rotating main shaft rotates, the through grooves 136 allow a portion of the loosening rod 125 to pass through. At this time, the height of the loosening plate 121 can be lowered, thus reducing the overall height of the loosening mechanism 12. In low-ceilinged space operations, such as greenhouse planting areas and soil improvement under seedlings, the reduced mechanism height avoids collisions with overhead obstacles, ensuring that the equipment can smoothly carry out loosening operations in confined spaces. Simultaneously, for areas requiring high surface flatness, the lower mechanism height reduces the compaction and damage to surface vegetation during operation, improving the equipment's adaptability to complex working environments. With the lowered height of the loosening plate 121, the portion of the loosening rod 125 passing through the through grooves 136 can penetrate deeper into the lower soil layers. Combined with the rotational power of the loosening main shaft 123, deeper soil loosening can be achieved. When shallow soil loosening is required, the height of the loosening plate 121 can be adjusted to change the length of the loosening rod 125 passing through the channel 136, thus flexibly controlling the soil penetration depth. This depth adjustability, combined with the previous shoveling device 13's shoveling depth adjustment, allows the equipment to precisely adjust the loosening depth according to different crop root distributions and soil compaction levels, meeting diverse soil improvement needs.

[0064] Preferably, a drive water tank 145 is installed on the top of the loosening plate 121. The drive water tank 145 has a water supply port, and a water supply hose 146 is installed on the water supply port. The bottom of the water supply hose 146 is connected to the spray pipe 14 to supply water. The drive water tank 145 installed on the top of the loosening plate 121 is connected to the water supply hose 146 through the water supply port, and then connected to the spray pipe 14 through the hose, forming an independent and closed liquid supply path. This integrated water supply design eliminates the need for external water sources, reduces pipeline constraints during operation, and improves the mobility of the equipment. The stable connection between the water supply port and the hose ensures leak-free liquid delivery. The drive water tank 145 can store sufficient liquid according to operational needs, ensuring long-term continuous spraying operations, avoiding frequent shutdowns for water replenishment, and significantly improving operational continuity. The top of the shovel drive arm 132 is equipped with a tension mounting seat 134 that connects to the shovel crossbeam 131. The tension mounting seat 134 has a sliding mounting groove 135 that slides into the shovel crossbeam 131. The tension mounting seat 134 at the top of the shovel drive arm 132 slides into the shovel crossbeam 131 via the sliding mounting groove 135, retaining not only the function of adjusting the lateral spacing of the drive arm but also achieving quick fixation after adjustment through the tensioning structure. During operation, the position of the drive arm can be easily adjusted and locked according to soil hardness, weed density, and other requirements, preventing displacement of the drive arm due to vibration during operation. The precise fit between the sliding mounting groove 135 and the crossbeam reduces jamming during adjustment, making the drive arm spacing adjustment smoother and further enhancing its adaptability to different crop row spacings. The tension mounting seat 134 is equipped with a screw; turning the screw adjusts the size of the sliding mounting groove 135, achieving locking and preventing movement of the tension mounting seat 134.

[0065] The shovel beam 131 is equipped with a longitudinally arranged pipe lifting cylinder 147. The cylinder body of the pipe lifting cylinder 147 is oscillatingly mounted on the shovel beam 131, and the drive end of the pipe lifting cylinder 147 is connected to one of the pipe support seats 143. This design allows for real-time adjustment of the spraying height according to the soil surface height and shoveling depth: raising the spray pipe 14 to avoid collisions when dealing with raised ridges, and lowering the height to ensure the liquid reaches the soil surface when treating low-lying areas. The oscillating characteristics of the cylinder body adapt to the angle changes of the spray pipe 14 during lifting and lowering, preventing cylinder deformation due to stress, improving the stability and service life of the lifting adjustment, and ensuring precise matching of the spraying coverage area with the loosening and shoveling area. An angle telescopic cylinder 148 is installed on the outermost pipe support seat 143. The cylinder body of the angle telescopic cylinder 148 is oscillatingly mounted on the pipe support seat 143, and the spray pipe 14 is fitted with a swing connecting arm 149. The drive end of the angle telescopic cylinder 148 is connected to the swing connecting arm 149. The angle telescopic cylinder 148 of the outermost pipe support 143 is mounted longitudinally and connected to the swing connecting arm 149 of the spray pipe 14 at the drive end, forming a flexible adjustment mechanism for the spray angle. Compared with the traditional fixed angle design, the cylinder telescopic design can precisely control the longitudinal swing angle of the spray pipe 14, allowing for both focused spraying downwards onto the loosened soil surface and horizontal spraying to cover a wider area. Combined with the pipe lifting function, the spray pipe 14 can achieve combined height and angle adjustment, adapting to complex scenarios such as sloping terrain, further improving the targeting and utilization rate of liquid spraying. The pipe lifting cylinder 147 on the shovel beam 131 can be mounted with a swingable cylinder body, and the drive end is connected to the pipe support 143. The cylinder telescopic design allows the spray pipe 14 to move up and down along the pipe support slide rail 142. The linkage of the drive water tank 145, the tensioning mounting seat 134, and the lifting and angle cylinders enables the equipment to have adjustable parameters throughout the entire process of "water supply-shoveling-spraying-loosening soil". During operation, the parameters of each component can be adjusted in real time according to soil texture requirements, adapting to diverse operating scenarios without the need to replace parts. The power-driven adjustment method replaces manual operation, reducing labor intensity, increasing adjustment precision, ensuring the equipment is always in optimal operating condition, and significantly improving the overall intelligence and precision of the operation.

[0066] Furthermore, the top of the loosening plate 121 is provided with a top connecting frame 137 that connects to the second front drive beam 115. The connecting frame transfers the force on the loosening plate 121 to the second front drive beam 115, dispersing the reaction force of the soil on the loosening module 120 during operation and reducing the risk of deformation of the loosening plate 121 and side plates. This design is particularly effective when dealing with hard, compacted soil, preventing the loosening module 120 from shifting or being damaged due to excessive localized stress. It ensures that each component maintains a precise relative position during multi-module collaborative operation, improving the overall stability and service life of the equipment. One of the loosening side plates 122 is equipped with a shovel drive motor 126. This side plate 122 has a drive gear 127 connected to the drive end of the shovel drive motor 126 and a driven gear 128 connected to the loosening main shaft 123. The side plate 122 also has a transmission gear 129, which is positioned between the drive gear 127 and the driven gear 128 and meshes with both. A top connecting frame 137, connected to the second front drive beam 115, is located at the top of the loosening plate 121, forming a rigid support point between the loosening module 120 and the main body of the equipment. The shovel drive motor 126 on the loosening side plate 122 forms a compact and efficient power transmission path through the meshing transmission structure of the drive gear 127, transmission gear 129, and driven gear 128. Compared to traditional belt or chain drives, gear drives offer higher transmission efficiency and lower power loss, maximizing the conversion of motor output power into the rotational power of the loosening spindle 123. Simultaneously, the constant instantaneous transmission ratio of the gear drive ensures smooth rotation of the loosening spindle 123, preventing inconsistent speeds of the loosening rod 125 due to power fluctuations, resulting in more uniform soil loosening and improved loosening quality.

[0067] A soil transport module is installed between the front chassis 111 and the soil laboratory 4. The soil transport module includes a pair of parallel and spaced soil elevators 3, with an inclined lifting conveyor belt arranged along the length of the soil elevators 3. A bottom screening module 2 is also installed at the bottom of the front chassis 111, located behind the hoeing device 13. The bottom screening module 2 includes a bottom screening plate 21, with the bottom end of the inclined lifting conveyor belt connected to the bottom screening plate 21. The bottom screening plate 21 is equipped with a first transverse plate 211 and a second transverse plate 212, which can move relative to each other. The first transverse plate 211 is equipped with a plurality of equidistant first screening strips 213, and the second transverse plate 212 is equipped with a plurality of equidistant second screening strips 214. The bottom screening plate 21, located behind the hoeing device 13, receives the soil after hoeing and preliminary loosening, and forms a screening structure through the first screening strips 213 and second screening strips 214 on the first transverse plate 211 and the second transverse plate 212. The two transverse plates can move relative to each other, allowing for flexible adjustment of the gap between the first screening bar 213 and the second screening bar 214: a smaller gap allows for the screening of fine soil particles, while a larger gap allows larger soil clods to pass through, achieving preliminary classification of soil particle size. This adjustable screening design not only removes stones and debris from the soil, preventing them from entering subsequent transportation stages and causing equipment wear, but also provides soil samples that meet the particle size requirements for different experimental needs, improving the accuracy of sample screening.

[0068] A pair of parallel, spaced-apart soil elevators 3 and an inclined conveyor belt along the length of the shaft form a stable soil transport channel. The bottom end of the inclined conveyor belt connects to the bottom screening plate 21, which can smoothly receive and transport the screened soil or soil clods upwards. The parallel design of the two conveyor belts ensures that soil clods are not easily dropped during transportation, and the continuous operation of the inclined conveyor belt enables uninterrupted transportation of soil clods from the work site to the soil laboratory 4.

[0069] The bottom screening plate 21 first performs preliminary treatment on the soil, screening out soil clods or soil particles that meet the experimental requirements. Then, the soil is directionally transported to the soil laboratory 4 by an inclined lifting conveyor belt, forming a continuous process of "on-site screening - directional transportation - laboratory analysis". Compared with the traditional mode of transporting the whole sample first and then screening it in the laboratory, this design significantly reduces the amount of ineffective transportation and the workload of subsequent laboratory processing, thereby improving the overall efficiency of sample collection.

[0070] The mutual movement characteristics of the first transverse plate 211 and the second transverse plate 212 allow the screening gap to be flexibly adjusted according to different soil types: the gap can be increased for clayey soils to prevent soil adhesion and clogging of the screening bars; the gap can be decreased when processing sandy soils to prevent fine sand loss. This adaptability allows the equipment to maintain good screening performance under different geological conditions. Combined with the soil loosening mechanism 12 to loosen the soil, soil particles can pass through the screening bars more easily, improving screening efficiency. In addition, the equidistant arrangement of the first screening bar 213 and the second screening bar 214 ensures screening uniformity and avoids screening deviations caused by uneven local gaps.

[0071] Specifically, the back of the first transverse plate 211 is formed with a guide slider 215, which is T-shaped. The front end of the second transverse plate 212 is formed with a T-shaped guide groove 216 that slides with the guide slider 215. Through the damped sliding engagement between the guide slider 215 and the T-shaped guide groove 216, the position of the first transverse plate 211 and the second transverse plate 212 can be adjusted. This allows the gap between the first and second screening bars 214 to be adjusted according to different soil types, achieving preliminary classification of soil particle size. Furthermore, when the T-shaped guide groove 216 and the guide slider 215 slide together, they will not fall off, ensuring the stability of the sliding connection between the first transverse plate 211 and the second transverse plate 212. The second transverse plate 212 will not fall off the first transverse plate 211, ensuring a smooth sliding fit.

[0072] Screening side plates 22 are installed on both sides of the bottom screening plate 21. The screening side plates 22 installed on both sides of the bottom screening plate 21 form a closed screening operation space. During the soil screening process, the side plates can effectively prevent the soil from falling to both sides, avoid the soil particles or soil clods after screening from leaving the screening area, and ensure that the material flows to the inclined lifting conveyor belt. One screening side plate 22 is equipped with a feeding linear module 221 along its length, and the other screening side plate 22 is equipped with a feeding linear guide rail 222 along its length. A linear moving seat 223 is slidably mounted on the feeding linear guide rail 222. The driving ends of the linear moving seat 223 and the feeding linear module 221 are respectively equipped with longitudinally arranged guide columns 224. A feeding shovel 225 is arranged between the two guide columns 224. The feeding linear module 221 on one screening side plate 22 cooperates with the linear guide rail and linear moving seat 223 on the other side to drive the two guide columns 224 and the feeding shovel 225 to move smoothly along the length of the screening plate. This translational drive design can achieve full coverage operation of the feeding shovel 225 in the screening area. Regardless of whether the soil is evenly distributed on the screening plate, the shovel can gather the scattered soil particles to the inclined lifting conveyor belt connection point through lateral movement. Compared to a fixed-position feeding structure, the translation function greatly improves the comprehensiveness of soil collection, avoids the accumulation of screened materials on the plate, and ensures a smooth connection between screening and conveying.

[0073] The guide column 224 is equipped with longitudinal guide rails along its length, allowing the feeding shovel 225 to move longitudinally along these rails. One of the guide columns 224 is fitted with a longitudinally arranged feeding lifting cylinder 226. The longitudinal guide rails on the guide column 224 cooperate with the feeding lifting cylinder 226 to drive the feeding shovel 225 to rise and fall longitudinally. During operation, the shovel height can be flexibly adjusted according to the thickness of the soil accumulation on the screening plate: raising the shovel when facing a thicker soil layer avoids excessive material compression, while lowering the shovel height when handling a thin layer of soil ensures effective shoveling. This lifting adjustment function allows the feeding shovel 225 to precisely conform to the soil surface, reducing leakage and splashing during shoveling, while also preventing wear caused by direct contact between the shovel and the screening plate, extending the service life of the components. The lateral translation of the feeding linear module 221 and the longitudinal lifting of the feeding lifting cylinder 226 form a composite drive, enabling the feeding shovel 225 to have multi-dimensional operational capabilities of "lateral movement + longitudinal lifting". During the screening process, the shovel plate can push the screened soil evenly to the bottom of the inclined lifting conveyor belt through continuous horizontal and vertical movements, avoiding material accumulation and blockage at the junction.

[0074] The first front drive beam 113 and the second front drive beam 115 are each equipped with a longitudinally arranged screening telescopic cylinder 229. The cylinder body of the screening telescopic cylinder 229 can swing, and a screening connecting rod 228 is installed on the bottom hinge block 227. The screening connecting rod 228 is connected to the drive end of the screening telescopic cylinder 229. Compared with single-cylinder drive, the dual-cylinder layout can avoid the screening plate from shifting or jamming during angle adjustment, ensuring that both ends of the screening plate rise and fall synchronously, and improving the stability and accuracy of angle adjustment. In addition, by adjusting the tilt angle of the screening plate, the movement trajectory and residence time of the soil on the plate surface can be optimized. For soil with more impurities, adjusting the angle to a smaller angle prolongs the rolling time of the soil on the screening strips, so that the first and second screening strips 214 have more time to screen out stones and debris; for soil with more uniform particles, adjusting the angle to a larger angle shortens the conveying path and improves the overall operation rhythm. In addition, the angle adjustment can adapt to the needs of different feeding amounts. When the amount of soil pushed by the feeding shovel plate 225 is large, increasing the angle can quickly guide the material and avoid accumulation and blockage on the screening plate, ensuring efficient connection between screening and conveying.

[0075] The bottom screening plate 21 is hinged at the top between the first front drive beam 113 and the second front drive beam 115. The top of the bottom screening plate 21 connects to the soil elevator 3. A bottom hinge block 227 is provided at the bottom of the bottom screening plate 21. The bottom hinge block 227, screening connecting rod 228, and screening telescopic cylinder 229 are connected to the drive end of the screen. The top of the bottom screening plate 21 is hinged between the first front drive beam 113 and the second front drive beam 115 through a shaft hole structure, forming a rotatable connection structure. The tilt angle of the screening plate can be precisely adjusted by the telescopic movement of the cylinder. When it is necessary to speed up the soil conveying speed, the tilt angle can be increased so that the soil can slide down quickly to the elevator connection point under the action of gravity. When dealing with highly viscous and easily accumulated soil, the tilt angle can be decreased to extend the screening time, ensuring that the soil is fully screened before entering the conveying stage. This angle adjustment function allows the screening plate to adapt to the flow characteristics of different soils, improving screening efficiency and effect.

[0076] In one embodiment, the screening plate angle adjustment function forms a multi-dimensional linkage with the original feeding shovel plate 225's lateral translation and longitudinal lifting functions. For example, when the screening plate angle is increased, the feeding shovel plate 225 can be simultaneously controlled to lower its height and increase its translation speed, ensuring that the soil is promptly pushed to the connection point; when dealing with special soil requiring fine screening, the screening angle is decreased while the feeding speed is reduced, and depth screening is achieved in conjunction with the screening bar gap adjustment. This multi-parameter linkage adjustment capability allows the equipment to flexibly switch working modes according to soil type and operational needs, significantly improving its adaptability to complex working conditions. The top of the bottom screening plate 21 connects to the soil elevator 3, and the angle adjustment function can accurately calibrate the relative position of the screening plate's discharge end and the bottom end of the inclined lifting conveyor belt, ensuring a smooth transition of soil from the screening plate to the elevator and reducing material drop losses.

[0077] The oscillating cylinder 229, with its hinged structure and oscillating design, transmits the impact force during soil screening to the front drive beam via the connecting rod and cylinder. This disperses the load on the screening plate, reducing wear and deformation of local structures. Simultaneously, the adjustable angle function allows the screening plate to be adjusted to a horizontal or folded position when the equipment is not in operation, such as during site relocation. This reduces the overall height and footprint of the equipment, facilitating transportation and storage, and preventing the bottom of the screening plate from bumping against stones or other objects on the ground, effectively protecting the screening plate and extending its service life.

[0078] Preferably, since the first transverse plate 211 and the second transverse plate 212 are in a fitted state, the first transverse plate 211 is installed on top of the second transverse plate 212, and a portion of the first screening bar 213 installed on the first transverse plate 211 is bent so that the remaining portion of the first screening bar 213 is horizontally flush with the second screening bar 214, which facilitates the screening of soil clods and allows the feeding shovel plate 225 to move in a guiding manner, so that all soil clods on the first screening bar 213 and the second screening bar 214 are shoveled upwards to the soil clod lifting mechanism and will not remain in the first screening bar 213 and the second screening bar 214.

[0079] It should be noted that the first and second drive beams are hollow structures. The hollow structure inside can accommodate the drive air pipes of the pneumatic system. Multiple interface slots are opened along the hollow structure. The drive cylinders can be led out from the interface slots through the T-junction interface to provide power to each cylinder.

[0080] The hollow structure of the crossbeam provides a dedicated channel for the pneumatic system's drive pipes, preventing them from being exposed outside the equipment. In the original structure, the pipes for pneumatic components such as the screening telescopic cylinder 229 and the feeding lifting cylinder 226 required separate piping, which could easily interfere with moving parts like the loosening module 120 and the conveyor belt. By embedding the pipes within the hollow crossbeam, the existing structural space is fully utilized, reducing the clutter of external piping and resulting in a more compact and organized overall layout. This is particularly suitable for the densely packed front chassis 111 area, improving space utilization. The hollow crossbeam forms a closed protective space, effectively isolating the pipes from external soil, moisture, weeds, and other debris. The hollow structure also serves as a centralized channel for pipe installation, facilitating orderly connections from the air source to each pneumatic actuator. Compared to dispersed piping, the built-in pipes can directly reach the cylinders near the first and second front drive beams 115 through the crossbeam, shortening the piping length, reducing the number of joints, and minimizing the risk of air leakage. The built-in air pipe completely eliminates the risk of external pipelines getting tangled or pulled by moving parts such as the tack rod 125, conveyor belt, and loading shovel 225. Existing external pipelines may get caught in the equipment during operation due to changes in the position of rotating or lifting parts, causing equipment failure or even safety accidents.

[0081] Specifically, the soil elevator 3 includes a conveyor frame, which comprises a first conveyor plate 311 arranged horizontally and a second conveyor plate 312 installed at the rear end of the first conveyor plate 311. The second conveyor plate 312 can be hinged around the first conveyor plate 311 to adjust the tilt angle of the second conveyor plate 312. An inclined lifting conveyor belt is arranged along the first conveyor plate 311 and the second conveyor plate 312. The soil clods to be conveyed are conveyed forward along the movement direction of the conveyor belt assembly 31. The second conveyor plate 312 can swing around the hinge point to adjust the tilt angle, allowing the elevator to flexibly adapt to the height changes of the preceding and following operation stages. The front first conveyor plate 311 can be precisely connected to the discharge end of the bottom screening plate 21. When the tilt angle of the screening plate is adjusted by the telescopic cylinder, the first conveyor plate 311 can simultaneously fine-tune its angle to ensure a smooth transition of the soil.

[0082] The conveyor belt assembly 31 includes first conveyor rollers 313 installed at both ends of the first conveyor plate 311 and second conveyor rollers 314 installed at both ends of the second conveyor plate 312. A conveyor belt 315 is sleeved between the first conveyor rollers 313 and the second conveyor rollers 314. Multiple lifting hoppers 316 are arranged at intervals along the length of the conveyor belt 315. The first conveyor rollers 313 and 314 located at the inner end are used for transfer transmission. The two ends of the conveyor belt 315 are respectively sleeved on the first conveyor rollers 313 and the second conveyor rollers 314 at the outer ends, so that the waste material can move forward and be conveyed along the length of the first conveyor plate 311 and the second conveyor plate 312, which completely solves the problem of soil slippage when the traditional flat conveyor belt is inclined. For loose soil particles or small soil samples after bottom screening, the lifting hoppers 316 can form an independent holding space, which stably lifts the soil when the conveyor belt 315 is running, avoiding loss due to changes in the angle of the elevator or differences in soil fluidity.

[0083] Preferably, the conveyor belt 315 is spaced along its length with multiple mounting blocks for installing lifting funnels. Each mounting block has a groove for mounting lifting funnels of different sizes. The mounting grooves on the mounting blocks provide a standardized installation interface for the lifting funnels, allowing for flexible replacement of different sized funnels according to the characteristics of the soil samples. When the sieve gap is reduced to screen fine-particle soil, a smaller funnel prevents fine soil from leaking out from the funnel edge; when the sieve gap is increased to process coarse-particle soil, a larger funnel is used to ensure complete containment of the soil particles. This targeted adaptation reduces losses of soils of different particle sizes during transport, ensuring that all types of samples arrive at the laboratory intact, providing a more comprehensive sample base for experimental analysis.

[0084] Specifically, a hinge assembly 32 connects the first conveyor plate 311 and the second conveyor plate 312. The hinge assembly 32 includes a hinge shaft 323, a first hinge plate 321, and a second hinge plate 322. The first hinge plate 321 is fixedly connected to the hinge shaft 323, and the second hinge plate 322 is rotatably connected to the hinge shaft 323. The first hinge plate 321 is connected to the first conveyor plate 311, and the second hinge plate 322 is fixedly connected to the second conveyor plate 312. The hinge shaft 323, the first hinge plate 321, and the second hinge plate 322 in the hinge assembly 32 form a stable rotational structure. The design of the first hinge plate 321 being fixed to the hinge shaft 323 and the second hinge plate 322 rotating with the hinge shaft 323 allows the first conveyor plate 311 and the second conveyor plate 312 to flexibly and accurately adjust their relative angles. Compared to simple shaft-hole connections, this hinge-type joint structure distributes force more evenly, reducing jamming and wear during angle adjustment and ensuring smooth operation of the conveyor plate during adjustment. The first hinge plate 321 and the second hinge plate 322 are equipped with support seats 328, which have multiple guide rollers 327 that press the conveyor belt 315. A first sliding seat 325 is installed in the sliding mounting groove 324, and the first sliding seat 325 has a mounting shaft 326 for mounting the guide rollers 327. The multiple guide rollers 327 mounted on the support seat 328 guide and press the conveyor belt 315, ensuring that the conveyor belt 315 remains pressed onto the preset track even when the angles of the first conveyor plate 311 and the second conveyor plate 312 change. This effectively prevents the conveyor belt 315 from running off-track or becoming loose due to conveyor plate angle adjustments, ensuring that the lifting hopper 316 can stably operate with the belt. For conveyor belts 315 equipped with lifting funnels of different sizes, the roller action of guide rollers 327 can reduce belt vibration, making the soil samples in the funnels more stable during transportation, reducing the risk of spillage, and further ensuring transportation efficiency.

[0085] Furthermore, the connection method of fixing the first hinge plate 321 to the first conveyor plate 311 and the second hinge plate 322 to the second conveyor plate 312 enhances the connection strength between the first and second conveyor plates 312. When conveying a large number of soil samples or facing a large load, the hinge assembly 32 can evenly distribute the force to the two conveyor plates, reducing stress concentration in local structures and extending the service life of the conveyor frame. When the angle between the first conveyor plate 311 and the second conveyor plate 312 is adjusted, the conveyor belt 315 is prone to wrinkling or shifting at the hinge, while the guide roller 327 can closely adhere to the surface of the conveyor belt 315 and adaptively adjust the roller pressure direction according to the angle change. The even arrangement of multiple rollers can form a continuous constraint on the belt, keeping the belt flat and taut at the hinge.

[0086] The conveyor frame also includes a mounting frame 317 for supporting the first conveyor plate 311. The mounting frame 317 is fixed between the second front drive beam 115 and the first front drive beam 113, providing a rigid support foundation for the first conveyor plate 311. The conveyor frame also includes a lifting frame 33 for supporting the second conveyor plate 312. The lifting frame 33 is provided with a longitudinally arranged first support rod 341. The first support rod 341 is formed with a hollow first lifting groove 342. The first lifting groove 342 is slidably mounted with a first lifting rod 343. The first support rod 341 of the lifting frame 33 forms a longitudinal lifting adjustment mechanism through the sliding cooperation between the hollow first lifting groove 342 and the first lifting rod 343. By sliding the first lifting rod 343 in the lifting groove, the height of the second conveyor plate 312 can be precisely controlled. Combined with the angle adjustment function of the hinge assembly 32, the composite adjustment of the "height + angle" of the second conveyor plate 312 can be achieved.

[0087] A movable connecting seat 338 is installed at the drive end of the top of the first lifting rod 343. The movable connecting seat 338 can swing around the top of the first lifting rod 343 and is connected to the back of the second conveyor plate 312. A movable connecting member 331 is provided between the top of the first lifting rod 343 and the movable connecting seat 338. The movable connecting member 331 includes a top seat 332 protruding from the top of the first lifting rod 343. The top seat 332 is formed with a movable groove 333. A movable shaft 334 is installed in the movable groove 333. A circular block 335 is formed at the bottom of the movable connecting seat 338 and rotates around the movable shaft 334. The movable connecting seat 338 achieves a flexible connection with the back of the second conveyor plate 312 through the rotational engagement of the circular block 335 with the movable groove 333 and the rotational function around the movable shaft 334. When the second conveyor plate 312 adjusts its angle via the hinge assembly 32 or changes its height via the lifting frame 33, the movable connecting seat 338 can adapt to the changes in the posture of the conveyor plate by rotating in multiple directions, avoiding stress concentration caused by rigid connection. The movable connecting seat 338 is formed with a movable connecting hole 336, and the back of the second conveyor plate 312 is formed with a movable connecting groove 337 along its length direction that mates with the movable connecting hole 336. The movable connecting groove 337 on the back of the second conveyor plate 312 mates with the movable connecting hole 336 of the movable connecting seat 338 to form a sliding adjustment space along the length direction of the conveyor plate. When the second conveyor plate 312 undergoes displacement in the length direction due to angle changes, the groove structure can accommodate the relative sliding of the connection point, preventing damage to the connecting parts due to forced pulling.

[0088] Preferably, the top of the first lifting rod 343 is equipped with a protruding top seat 332, the top seat 332 is formed with a movable groove 333, the movable groove 333 is equipped with a movable shaft 334, and the bottom of the movable connecting seat 338 is formed with a circular block 335 that rotatably engages with the movable groove 333. The circular block 335 can rotate around the movable shaft 334. The rotational engagement between the movable shaft 334 in the movable groove 333 of the top seat 332 and the circular block 335 at the bottom of the movable connecting seat 338 provides a precise rotation center for the angle adjustment of the second conveyor plate 312. When the second conveyor plate 312 changes its tilt angle through the hinge assembly 32, the circular block 335 rotates flexibly around the movable shaft 334, which can adapt to the posture changes of the conveyor plate in real time and avoid jamming or stress concentration at the movable connection part. The movable connecting seat 338 has a movable connecting hole 336, and the back of the second conveyor plate 312 has a movable connecting groove 337 formed along its length to mate with the movable connecting hole 336. The first guide groove 344 of the first support rod 341 is connected to the first lifting groove 342. During the lifting process of the first lifting rod 343, the guide groove can provide lateral constraint to the lifting rod, preventing it from deviating or wobbling during sliding. Compared with a single lifting groove structure, the guide groove can guide the first lifting rod 343 to slide precisely along a preset trajectory, ensuring that the height adjustment of the second conveyor plate 312 is more stable and more accurate. The first support rod 341 has a first guide groove 344 formed along its length, communicating with the first lifting groove 342. The lifting frame 33 also includes a bottom frame 34. The first support rod 341 is longitudinally installed on the bottom frame 34. The bottom frame 34 is also equipped with an inclined second support rod 345, the bottom of which is hinged to the bottom frame 34. The inclined second support rod 345 and the longitudinal first support rod 341 on the bottom frame 34 form a triangular support structure, which greatly enhances the overall rigidity and deformation resistance of the lifting frame 33. The stability characteristics of the triangular structure can evenly distribute the weight of the second conveying plate 312 and the soil sample to the bottom frame 34, avoiding bending deformation caused by excessive force on a single support rod. The second support rod 345 has a hollow second lifting groove 346. A second lifting rod 347 that can slide and extend in the second lifting groove 346 is slidably installed in the second lifting groove 346. The sliding cooperation between the second lifting groove 346 and the second lifting rod 347 of the second support rod 345 forms a telescopic adjustment function in the tilt direction. When the second conveyor plate 312 requires tilt displacement during height and angle adjustment, the second lifting rod 347 can extend and retract within the second lifting groove 346, cooperating with the longitudinal lifting of the first lifting rod 343 to provide multi-dimensional support and adjustment for the second conveyor plate 312.

[0089] Preferably, the second support rod 345 has a second guide groove 348 formed along its length that communicates with the second lifting groove 346, and the top of the second lifting rod 347 is equipped with a support slide 349 that connects to the second guide groove 348. When the height of the first lifting rod 343 changes, the second lifting rod 347 and the second support rod 345 slide together through the second lifting groove 346 to achieve telescopic movement. At the same time, the support slide 349 at the top of the second lifting rod 347 slides together with the second guide groove 348 of the first lifting rod 343 to achieve height adjustment. Then, the connection is locked by bolts to maintain support for the first lifting rod 343.

[0090] The soil laboratory 4 is equipped with a first experimental chamber 41 and a second experimental chamber 411 arranged at intervals. The first experimental chamber 41 is located at the bottom of the second experimental chamber 411. A first soil block conveying mechanism 412 is arranged along the length of the first experimental chamber 411, and a second soil block conveying mechanism 413 is arranged along the length of the second experimental chamber 411. The second soil block conveying mechanism 413 includes a bottom conveyor belt 414 and a top conveyor belt 415 located above the bottom conveyor belt 414. The first soil block conveying mechanism 412 of the first experimental chamber 41 and the second soil block conveying mechanism 413 of the second experimental chamber 411 have clearly defined functions and can respectively accept soil samples of different particle sizes or different processing requirements. After the inclined lifting conveyor belt of the soil block transport module delivers the sieved samples into the laboratory, it can be selected to be transported to the first or second experimental chamber 411 according to the characteristics of the samples: for basic samples that have undergone preliminary sieving, the first conveying mechanism directly transports them to the basic experimental area; for samples that require fine separation, the second conveying mechanism is used for further processing, realizing graded transport and experimental diversion of samples.

[0091] The bottom conveyor belt 414 and the top conveyor belt 415 of the second soil clod conveying mechanism 413 form a double-layer conveying space, which can perform secondary separation or layered conveying of soil samples. For example, when the bottom conveyor belt 414 conveys larger soil clods, the top conveyor belt 415 can simultaneously catch scattered fine particles, realizing the separation of coarse and fine samples. By adjusting the speed difference between the two conveyor belts, the residence time of the sample during the conveying process can also be controlled, which is convenient for researchers to collect samples or perform pretreatment. Compared with a single conveyor belt, this double-layer structure greatly improves the flexibility and functionality of sample conveying.

[0092] The top conveyor belt 415 can move laterally outwards. A conveyor belt support frame 416 is installed around the periphery of the first conveyor belt. A pair of parallel, spaced-apart transverse support arms 417 are arranged on the top of the conveyor belt support frame 416 along its length. One transverse support arm 417 is equipped with a conveying linear module 418, and the other transverse support arm 417 is also equipped with a conveying linear module 418. Conveying sliding seats are installed on the drive end of the conveying linear module 418 and the conveying linear guide rail, respectively. The top conveyor belt 415 is installed on the conveying sliding seat. The top conveyor belt 415 can move laterally to connect with the inclined lifting conveyor belt. The top conveyor belt 415 achieves lateral movement through the cooperation of the conveying linear module 418, the conveying linear guide rail, and the conveying sliding seat, allowing for flexible adjustment of the connection position with the inclined lifting conveyor belt. When the inclined lifting conveyor belt of the soil transport module transports samples to the laboratory, the top conveyor belt 415 can precisely connect with the discharge end of the inclined lifting conveyor belt through lateral movement, ensuring that the samples enter the experimental chamber conveying mechanism without falling or leaving any residue. Even if the inclined lifting conveyor belt needs minor adjustments due to operational requirements, the top conveyor belt 415 can quickly respond and adjust, ensuring efficient connection between the transport module and the experimental chamber transport mechanism and preventing sample transport interruptions. A pair of transverse support arms 417 at the top of the conveyor belt support frame 416 provide a stable mounting base for the linear transport module 418 and the linear transport guide rail, ensuring smooth operation of the top conveyor belt 415 during lateral movement. The symmetrical arrangement of the linear transport module 418 and the linear guide rail ensures balanced force at both ends of the top conveyor belt 415, preventing tilting or jamming during movement and improving the accuracy of lateral adjustment. This structural design allows for controllable movement of the top conveyor belt 415, enabling precise connection to the inclined lifting conveyor belt and adjustment of the transport path according to the internal layout of the experimental chamber, adapting to the sample receiving needs of different experimental equipment.

[0093] In one embodiment, after the test cart 1 moves to another area, the gap between the screening bars needs to be adjusted. When the gap is different, the size of the soil clods to be collected changes. The first conveyor plate 311 and the second conveyor plate 312 can be flexibly and precisely adjusted to adjust their relative angles, so that the top of the second conveyor plate 312 can be aligned with either the first or second experimental chamber 411 in the soil laboratory 4. When the second conveyor plate 312 is laterally aligned with the top conveyor belt 415 of the second experimental chamber 411, the top conveyor belt 415 can then move laterally outward to connect with the second conveyor plate 312, allowing soil clods of different sizes to enter. This allows for the collection of soil samples with different particle sizes or different processing requirements.

[0094] Soil clods are difficult to fully integrate with remediation fertilizer, affecting remediation efficiency. The first and second experimental chambers 411 are each equipped with a crusher 42. The crusher 42 can break down larger soil clods. The first soil clod conveying mechanism 412 and the second soil clod conveying mechanism 413 respectively transport the corresponding soil clods to the inlet of the crusher 42, where they are crushed. The crusher 42 in the first and second experimental chambers 411 can break down larger soil clods delivered by the conveying mechanisms, decomposing the originally clumped soil into fine particles. Larger soil clods, due to their dense interior and small specific surface area, are difficult to fully contact with the remediation fertilizer. However, the crushed soil particles have a smaller particle size and a significantly increased specific surface area, providing more contact sites for the penetration and adsorption of the remediation fertilizer. Combined with the soil pretreatment following the screening process, the crushed soil clods have a more uniform texture, avoiding the problem of insufficient remediation within large soil clods and creating favorable soil conditions for subsequent integration with the remediation fertilizer.

[0095] A soil crushing conveyor belt 421 is installed at the outlet of the crusher 42. A spraying device is installed above the soil crushing conveyor belt 421. The spraying device includes a spraying pipe 422 with its outlet facing downwards. Soil clods passing through the first soil clod conveying mechanism 412 and the second soil clod conveying mechanism 413 can be sprayed by the spraying pipe 422. The spraying device installed above the soil crushing conveyor belt 421 at the outlet of the crusher 42 sprays water or remedial fertilizer solution downwards through the spraying pipe 422, which can directly and evenly spray the remedial fertilizer onto the surface of the freshly crushed small soil clods. Because the soil particles have a fresh surface after being crushed, their adsorption capacity is stronger. At this time, the application of remedial fertilizer through the spraying device allows the fertilizer solution to quickly penetrate into the interior of the crushed soil, avoiding the problem of fertilizer solution loss on the surface caused by uncrushed soil clods. The uniform arrangement of the spraying pipe 422 ensures comprehensive coverage of the fertilizer solution. Combined with the movement of the soil crushing conveyor belt 421, dynamic mixing of the crushed soil and the remedial fertilizer is achieved, greatly improving the uniformity of fusion.

[0096] The independent crushers 42 and conveying mechanisms in the first and second experimental chambers 411 enable graded processing of soil samples. For example, the first experimental chamber 41 performs conventional crushing and spraying remediation on lightly contaminated soil, while the second experimental chamber 411 uses high-intensity crushing combined with high-concentration remediation fertilizer spraying on heavily contaminated soil. Combined with the interchangeable funnels of different sizes on the conveyor belt 315, the amount of soil entering different experimental chambers can be precisely controlled, making graded remediation more targeted, improving the utilization efficiency of remediation resources, and avoiding over-remediation or under-remediation.

[0097] The soil laboratory 4 is equipped with a discharge outlet 423. The conveying mechanism of the first and second experimental chambers 411 transports the crushed soil to the outlet and discharges it, thus completing the soil remediation.

[0098] In summary, the present invention possesses the excellent characteristics described above, which enhances its effectiveness in use compared to previous technologies, making it a highly practical product.

[0099] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. The content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined transport, sorting, and spraying test system for contaminated soil remediation, comprising a test trolley capable of operating in a field, the test trolley comprising a supporting chassis, the supporting chassis comprising a front chassis and a rear chassis, wherein the front chassis is equipped with a soil loosening mechanism, and the top of the rear chassis is equipped with a soil testing laboratory, characterized in that: The soil loosening mechanism includes multiple soil loosening modules installed at the bottom of the front chassis. Each soil loosening module includes a soil loosening plate, with longitudinally arranged soil loosening side plates installed at both ends of the soil loosening plate. A rotatable soil loosening main shaft is installed between two soil loosening side plates. Multiple equidistant fixed sleeves are sleeved on the soil loosening main shaft, and multiple soil loosening rods are evenly installed on the outer ring wall of the fixed sleeves. The loosening module also includes a shoveling device installed on the front side of the loosening plate. The shoveling device includes a shoveling beam, on which multiple shoveling drive arms are slidably installed. The shoveling drive arms are arc-shaped, and shoveling blocks are installed at the bottom of the shoveling drive arms. The shoveling device also includes a spray pipe located below the shoveling beam. The spray pipe is formed with multiple spray nozzles. Pipe support rails are arranged along the length of the shoveling drive arms. Pipe support seats are slidably installed on the pipe support rails. The pipe support seats are formed with pipe mounting holes for installing the spray pipe. One of the outermost shoveling drive arms is equipped with a pipe angle adjustment device for adjusting the angle of the spray pipe. A soil transport module is provided between the front chassis and the soil laboratory. The soil transport module includes a pair of parallel and spaced soil elevators. The soil elevators are equipped with inclined lifting conveyor belts along their length. A bottom screening plate is also provided at the bottom of the front chassis, located behind the shoveling device. The bottom end of the inclined lifting conveyor belt is connected to the bottom screening plate. The bottom screening plate is equipped with a first transverse plate and a second transverse plate. The first transverse plate and the second transverse plate can move relative to each other. The first transverse plate is equipped with a plurality of equidistant first screening strips, and the second transverse plate is equipped with a plurality of equidistant second screening strips.

2. The integrated testing system for conveying, sorting, and spraying contaminated soil remediation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front chassis includes a front chassis frame mounted on the front side of the rear chassis. The front chassis frame has a pair of parallel and spaced-apart first front drive beams. Multiple parallel and spaced-apart front crossbeams are installed between the two first front drive beams. A second front drive beam is installed between the two first front drive beams. The second front drive beam is parallel and spaced-apart from the first front drive beam. The distance between the two first front drive beams and the first front drive beam is the same. A pair of rotatable front support wheels are provided at the front end of the front chassis frame. The rear chassis includes a rear chassis frame. The soil laboratory is mounted on the top of the rear chassis frame. Tracked walking devices are installed on both sides of the rear chassis frame. The front chassis frame and the rear chassis frame are connected.

3. The integrated testing system for conveying, sorting, and spraying contaminated soil remediation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil lifting machine includes a conveyor frame, which includes a first conveyor plate arranged horizontally and a second conveyor plate installed at the rear end of the first conveyor plate. The second conveyor plate can be hinged around the first conveyor plate to adjust the tilt angle of the second conveyor plate. An inclined lifting conveyor belt is arranged along the first and second conveyor plates. The conveyor belt assembly includes a first conveyor roller installed at both ends of the first conveyor plate and a second conveyor roller installed at both ends of the second conveyor plate. A conveyor belt is sleeved between the first and second conveyor rollers. Multiple lifting buckets are spaced apart along the length of the conveyor belt. A hinge assembly connects the first and second conveyor plates. The hinge assembly includes a hinge shaft, a first hinge plate, and a second hinge plate. The first hinge plate is fixedly connected to the hinge shaft, and the second hinge plate is rotatably connected to the hinge shaft. The first hinge plate is connected to the first conveyor plate, and the second hinge plate is fixedly connected to the second conveyor plate. Support seats are installed on the first and second hinge plates, and multiple guide rollers that press against the guide rollers of the conveyor belt are installed on the support seats.

4. The integrated testing system for conveying, sorting, and spraying contaminated soil remediation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conveyor frame also includes a mounting frame for supporting the first conveyor plate, which is fixed between the second front drive beam and the first front drive beam. The conveyor frame also includes a lifting frame for supporting the second conveyor plate. The lifting frame is provided with a longitudinally arranged first support rod, which is formed with a hollow first lifting groove. A first lifting rod is slidably installed in the first lifting groove. A movable connecting seat is installed at the driving end of the top of the first lifting rod. The movable connecting seat can swing around the top of the first lifting rod and is connected to the back of the second conveyor plate. A protruding top seat is installed at the top of the first lifting rod. The top seat is formed with a movable groove, which is installed with a movable shaft. A circular block is formed at the bottom of the movable connecting seat that rotatably engages with the movable groove and can rotate around the movable shaft. The movable connecting seat is formed with a movable connecting hole. A movable connecting long groove that engages with the movable connecting hole is formed along the length of the back of the second conveyor plate.

5. The integrated testing system for conveying, sorting, and spraying contaminated soil remediation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first lifting rod has a raised top seat at its top, the top seat having a movable groove, the movable groove having a movable shaft, and the bottom of the movable connecting seat having a circular block that rotatably engages with the movable groove, the circular block being able to rotate around the movable shaft; the movable connecting seat has a movable connecting hole, and the back of the second conveyor plate has a movable connecting long groove along its length that engages with the movable connecting hole; the first support rod has a first guide long groove along its length that communicates with the first lifting groove; the lifting frame also includes a bottom frame, the first support rod being longitudinally mounted on the bottom frame, the bottom frame also having an inclined second support rod, the bottom of the second support rod being hinged to the bottom frame, the second support rod having a hollow second lifting groove, and the second lifting rod being slidably mounted on the second lifting groove, capable of telescopic movement within the second lifting groove.

6. The integrated testing system for conveying, sorting, and spraying contaminated soil remediation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the loosening plate is equipped with a drive water tank, which has a water inlet. A water supply hose is installed at the water inlet, and the bottom of the water supply hose is connected to the spray pipe. The top of the shovel drive arm is equipped with a tension mounting seat that connects to the shovel beam. The tension mounting seat has a sliding mounting groove that slides with the shovel beam. The shovel beam is equipped with a longitudinally arranged pipe lifting cylinder. The cylinder body of the pipe lifting cylinder is swayably mounted on the shovel beam, and the drive end of the pipe lifting cylinder is connected to one of the pipe support seats. The outermost pipe support seat is equipped with an angle telescopic cylinder. The cylinder body of the angle telescopic cylinder is swayably mounted on the pipe support seat. The spray pipe is fitted with a swing connecting arm, and the drive end of the angle telescopic cylinder is connected to the swing connecting arm.

7. The integrated testing system for conveying, sorting, and spraying contaminated soil remediation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the loosening plate is provided with a top connecting frame that is connected to the second front drive beam; one of the loosening side plates is provided with a shovel drive motor, the loosening side plate is equipped with a drive gear connected to the drive end of the shovel drive motor and a driven gear connected to the loosening main shaft, the loosening side plate is also equipped with a transmission gear, the transmission gear is located between the drive gear and the driven gear and meshes with the drive gear and the driven gear respectively.

8. The integrated testing system for conveying, sorting, and spraying contaminated soil remediation according to claim 5, characterized in that: Screening side plates are installed on both sides of the bottom screening plate. A feeding linear module is installed on one screening side plate along its length, and a linear guide rail is arranged on the other screening side plate along its length. A linear moving seat is slidably installed on the linear guide rail. A longitudinally arranged guide column is installed on the driving end of the linear moving seat and the feeding linear module. A feeding shovel is arranged between the two guide columns. A longitudinally arranged feeding lifting cylinder is installed on one of the guide columns.

9. The integrated testing system for conveying, sorting, and spraying contaminated soil remediation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom screening plate is hinged at the top between the first and second front drive beams. The top of the bottom screening plate is connected to the soil elevator. A bottom hinge block is provided at the bottom of the bottom screening plate. The first and second front drive beams are respectively equipped with longitudinally arranged screening telescopic cylinders, and the cylinder body of the screening telescopic cylinder can swing. A screening connecting rod is installed on the bottom hinge block, and the screening connecting rod is connected to the drive end of the screening telescopic cylinder.

10. The integrated testing system for conveying, sorting, and spraying contaminated soil remediation according to claim 9, characterized in that: The soil laboratory is equipped with a first experimental chamber and a second experimental chamber arranged at intervals. The first experimental chamber is located at the bottom of the second experimental chamber. A first soil block conveying mechanism is arranged along the length of the first experimental chamber, and a second soil block conveying mechanism is arranged along the length of the second experimental chamber. The second soil block conveying mechanism includes a bottom conveyor belt and a top conveyor belt located above the bottom conveyor belt. The top conveyor belt can move laterally outward. A conveyor belt support frame is installed around the first conveyor belt. A pair of parallel and spaced transverse support arms are arranged along the length of the top of the conveyor belt support frame. One transverse support arm is equipped with a conveying linear module, and the other transverse support arm is equipped with a conveying linear module. The drive end of the conveying linear module and the conveying linear guide rail are respectively equipped with a conveying sliding seat. The top conveyor belt is installed on the conveying sliding seat. The top conveyor belt can move laterally and connect with the inclined lifting conveyor belt.

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