Disassembling and assembling tool special for disc type centrifugal machine

Abstract

The special disassembling and assembling tool comprises a plurality of chain links which are hinged to form a flexible ring, and elastic clamping blocks are embedded in the inner sides of the chain links so as to provide self-adaptive locking force; the flexible ring is sleeved with the shell, the chain links are wound in an S shape through the rotating seat connected with the rotating shaft and the two parallel winding and unwinding shafts, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear between the rotating shaft and the driving shaft are in meshing transmission, and the driving shaft is externally connected with a power source through the input interface to achieve flexible winding and unwinding of the flexible ring. The flexible structure adapts to non-standard hole sites of centrifuge drums of different specifications, and reliable acting points are provided in the disassembly and assembly of thin-wall components; the bevel gear transmission and the winding and unwinding shaft design remarkably improve the operation efficiency, the damage risk of traditional manual disassembly and assembly to equipment is avoided, and the device is suitable for efficient maintenance of the industrial-grade large centrifugal machine.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of disc centrifuge auxiliary equipment, in particular to a special dismounting tool for disc centrifuge. BACKGROUND

[0002] The disc centrifuge is a core equipment for realizing solid-liquid separation or liquid-liquid layering based on the principle of centrifugal sedimentation, and is widely used in chemical industry, pharmaceutical industry, food processing and environmental protection fields. Its core component is a high-speed rotating drum, and the separation area is expanded by a plurality of stacked disc structures inside the drum, so as to efficiently complete the material separation task.

[0003] In actual operation, the periodic dismounting and maintenance of the equipment is crucial. Whether it is daily maintenance, troubleshooting or replacement of wear parts, the key components such as the drum and the disc group need to be dismounted and reassembled. For small disc centrifuges, manual operation can conveniently complete the dismounting and mounting due to the small size and light weight of the parts; however, for industrial-grade equipment with high processing capacity, the diameter of the drum can reach 1200 mm, and the volume and weight of the corresponding parts increase significantly, which poses a great challenge to traditional manual operation.

[0004] In order to meet the demand for large processing capacity, larger components such as the drum are required, but lightweight design is also needed to reduce energy consumption and mechanical load. This contradiction prompts designers to reduce weight by reducing wall thickness, which in turn causes new problems. After the wall thickness is thinned, the structure space for installing and dismounting tools is compressed, and it is difficult to set standard tool hole positions, making it difficult to find effective points for dismounting and mounting large components. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a special dismounting tool for disc centrifuge, which can efficiently and quickly dismount and mount the disc centrifuge without damaging the existing disc centrifuge.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the present application is as follows: A special dismounting tool for disc centrifuge, comprising a plurality of chain links of flexible rings connected in sequence at the end, a middle segment of the chain link is embedded with an elastic clamping block, the elastic clamping block is partially exposed from the inner side wall of the flexible ring to the side of the chain link, the chain link is sleeved in a shell, a rotating seat is arranged in the shell through a rotating shaft which is normal and same direction with the flexible ring, two retractable shafts are arranged in parallel on the rotating seat, part of the chain links of the flexible ring are arranged in S shape between the two retractable shafts, a first bevel gear is arranged in the shell and extends circumferentially along the rotating shaft, a second bevel gear is arranged in the shell and engages with the first bevel gear, a driving shaft is arranged along the axial direction of the second bevel gear, and an input interface is arranged outside the shell through the driving shaft.

[0007] As a preferred technical scheme, the rotating shaft is provided with a ratchet wheel inside the shell, a pawl adapted to the ratchet wheel is hingedly arranged inside the shell, a middle part of the pawl is provided with a reset device, the reset device allows the pawl to rotate in one direction, and when the ratchet wheel reversely rotates, the reset device makes the pawl and the ratchet wheel interlock and lock.

[0008] As a preferred technical scheme, the cover is provided with a battery compartment, the battery compartment is provided with a cover plate outside the shell, the reset device includes a permanent magnet sleeved on the rotating shaft, the pawl is hingedly arranged on the permanent magnet, the battery compartment is electrically connected with an electromagnet, the electromagnet is embedded on the shell above the permanent magnet, and a circuit switch is arranged outside the shell, the electromagnet and the permanent magnet are attracted or repelled by switching the circuit switch.

[0009] As a preferred technical scheme, a right-angle elbow is arranged at a connection between the driving shaft inside the shell and the rotating shaft, the right-angle elbow is fixed to the inside of the shell, the rotating shaft is arranged in a hole of the right-angle elbow and is rotatably connected to the inside of the right-angle elbow through a bearing, and the driving shaft is arranged in another hole of the right-angle elbow and is rotatably connected through a bearing.

[0010] As a preferred technical scheme, a part of the elastic clamping block exposed to the chain link is in the form of a table body, limit blocks are arranged on both upper and lower sides of the part close to the chain link inside the chain link, the chain link is provided with holes adapted to the limit blocks, and a recessed area is arranged on a side of the elastic clamping block away from the table body, and the recessed area is adapted to the table body.

[0011] As a preferred technical scheme, the left and right sides of the shell are provided with openings for the chain link to pass through, vertical notches are arranged on the side walls of the openings, and the upper and lower sides of the notches are used for guiding the chain link into the shell.

[0012] As a preferred technical scheme, the shell is centrally and symmetrically provided with 2-4.

[0013] As a preferred technical scheme, the upper surface of the shell is provided with a lifting connection structure.

[0014] As a preferred technical scheme, the lifting connection structure is a vertically arranged rectangular frame, and the rectangular frames of two shells are combined into a handle when they are attached to each other.

[0015] As a preferred technical scheme, one of the rectangular frames is hingedly connected with a U-shaped piece in the transverse direction, and the U-shaped piece can be interlocked with the other rectangular frame by rotating.

[0016] The present application has the advantages and beneficial effects that: a special dismounting tool for disc centrifuge is provided, through the flexible ring structure, combined with multiple chain links and elastic clamping blocks, different sizes and specifications of disc centrifuge can be adapted, the rotating seat and the retractable shaft are arranged in the shell, the flexible ring can be arranged in S shape between the two retractable shafts, meanwhile, through the meshing of the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, and the driving shaft and the input interface, the input interface can cooperate with devices such as electric drills to rotate the driving shaft, so as to realize flexible retraction and adjustment of the tool, and reduce the potential damage risk to the equipment in the traditional dismounting method.

[0017] The present application also introduces a ratchet and pawl mechanism, cooperates with a reset device, realizes the one-way locking function of the tool, effectively prevents accidental loosening caused by reverse rotation in the operation process. In addition, through the cooperation of the permanent magnet and the electromagnet, the locking state of the pawl is controlled by the circuit switch, so that the tool is more convenient to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Fig. 1 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the dismounting tool shown in the present application; Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the shell shown in the present application; Fig. 3 is a internal structure schematic diagram of the shell shown in the present application; Fig. 4 is a internal structure schematic diagram of the shell shown in the present application; Fig. 5 is a internal structure schematic diagram of the shell shown in the present application; Fig. 6 is a dismounting structure schematic diagram of the chain link shown in the present application; Reference signs: 1-chain link, 2-elastic clamping block, 3-shell, 4-rotating shaft, 5-rotating seat, 6-retractable shaft, 7-first bevel gear, 8-second bevel gear, 9-driving shaft, 10-input interface, 11-ratchet, 12-pawl, 13-battery compartment, 14-cover plate, 15-permanent magnet, 16-electromagnet, 17-circuit switch, 18-right angle elbow, 19-bearing, 20-limiting block, 21-opening, 22-recessed area, 23-opening, 24-notch, 25-rectangular frame, 26-U-shaped piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, not the entire structure. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, used in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0021] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly or implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0022] This invention addresses the problem of insufficient disassembly and assembly points in disc centrifuges due to the reduced drum wall thickness, such as the inability to install flange holes, by providing a specialized disassembly and assembly tool adaptable to disc centrifuges. Figs. 1-2 As shown, the tool consists of multiple chain links 1 connected end-to-end by a hinge shaft to form a closed-loop flexible ring. Each chain link 1 has an elastic locking block 2 embedded in its middle, the inner part of which protrudes from the outer periphery of the chain link to form a friction contact surface, adapting to the curved contours of centrifuge drums of different specifications. A portion of the flexible ring is fitted inside a housing 3. A rotating shaft 4, perpendicular to the virtual plane of the flexible ring, is located inside the housing 3. The end of the rotating shaft 4 is fixed to one side of a rotating seat 5. Two take-up and release shafts 6 extend parallel to the side of the rotating seat 5 away from the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft and the rotating seat are arranged symmetrically, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the housing. A portion of the chain links in the middle section of the flexible ring are wound in an S-shaped path between the two take-up and release shafts 6. When the rotating shaft 4 rotates, it drives the take-up and release shafts 6 to rotate synchronously, and the change in the S-shaped winding path of the chain links drives the expansion and contraction of the flexible ring diameter. The flexible structure can conform to the curved contours of thin-walled components such as the drum of a disc centrifuge. The protruding design of the elastic clamping block 2 produces micro-deformation upon contact, increasing the contact area with the equipment surface and avoiding slippage or surface damage caused by the size mismatch of traditional rigid tools.

[0023] In order to achieve the precise control of the flexible ring diameter, meet the clamping needs of different specifications of centrifuges. In some embodiments, the end of the rotating shaft 4 is coaxially provided with a first bevel gear 7 along the circumference, and the first bevel gear 7 is in meshing transmission with a second bevel gear 8 at 90°. The second bevel gear 8 is coaxially fixedly connected with a driving shaft 9, the driving shaft 9 penetrates through the side wall of the shell 3 and is provided with an input interface 10 at the outer end. When operating, the electric wrench is connected to the input interface 10, the driving shaft 9 drives the second bevel gear 8 to rotate, and the torque is transmitted to the first bevel gear 7 through the meshing transmission of the bevel gear pair, so as to drive the rotating shaft 4 and the winding and unwinding shaft 6 to rotate synchronously. In this process, the S-shaped winding chain links are radially displaced with the rotation of the winding and unwinding shaft 6: when the winding and unwinding shaft 6 is tightened inward, the chain links are forced to contract radially; when it is released outward, the chain links are expanded under the restoring force of the elastic clamping block 2. The bevel gear transmission drives the axial rotation of the external power source through the first bevel gear 7 and the second bevel gear 8 to drive the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, so that the diameter of the flexible ring is steplessly adjusted; the lever effect of the S-shaped winding path amplifies the displacement amount and improves the adjustment efficiency.

[0024] As an explanatory description, the input interface 10 includes but is not limited to a regular polygonal prism, which is driven by an electric wrench, or is connected to the output end of an electric drill, or is connected to an electric motor, or is manually rotated, etc.

[0025] In order to prevent the flexible ring from rebounding accidentally during disassembly and causing the equipment to shift. A ratchet wheel 11 is arranged on the outer periphery of the top end of the rotating shaft 4, and a matched pawl 12 is hinged to the inner wall of the shell 3. The middle part of the pawl 12 is connected with a reset device, In some embodiments, the reset device includes an electromagnet 16 embedded in the top surface of the shell, and the pawl is hinged to the lower side of a ring-shaped permanent magnet. The permanent magnet 15 and the electromagnet 16 constitute a magnetic control unit. When the rotating shaft 4 rotates in the tightening direction, the tip of the pawl 12 slides along the inclined surface of the ratchet teeth, at this time the permanent magnet 15 and the electromagnet 16 are in repulsion state, and the pawl 12 and the ratchet wheel 11 are separated. When the rotating shaft 4 is reversely rotated by external force, the electromagnet 16 generates a magnetic force that is attracted to the permanent magnet 15 by being electrified, and pulls the pawl 12 out of engagement with the ratchet teeth. The external circuit switch 17 of the shell 3 controls the on-off of the electromagnet 16: when the switch is pressed to switch the working state of the electromagnet, the electromagnet 16 is de-energized to release the magnetic attraction, and the pawl 12 is buckled with the ratchet wheel 11 under the action of the reset spring. The magnetic control ratchet mechanism realizes the function of one-way self-locking, effectively resisting the reverse torque when disassembling the heavy load parts of the centrifuge; the separated design of the circuit switch avoids accidental unlocking, and ensures the safety of high-altitude operation.

[0026] The shell 3 is provided with a battery compartment 13, and the battery compartment 13 is provided with a cover plate 14 outside the shell 3. Here, it is considered that the addition of a battery compartment can avoid the separate connection of the power supply, and the structure of the battery compartment does not change the weight of the whole tool much, so the corresponding circuit can be used. However, it is desirable to provide a motor with corresponding power on the drive shaft and integrate the motor into the shell, but it is necessary to consider that the self-weight of the motor is not convenient for carrying and transferring the tool. It should be noted that the switching circuit of the tool state of the electromagnet 16 is well known, and will not be described here.

[0027] In order to optimize the stress distribution of the elastic clamping block 2 and prevent plastic deformation after long-term use. In some embodiments, the elastic clamping block 2 adopts a layered composite structure, the clamping surface exposed to the inside of the chain link 1 is a trapezoidal platform, and the limit block 20 is embedded in the opening 21 arranged on the upper and lower sides of the chain link 1. When the clamping block 2 is pressed, the inclined surface of the platform decomposes the radial extrusion force into axial and tangential components, and the tangential component is transmitted to the chain link 1 body through the limit block 20. The back side of the clamping block 2 is provided with a recessed area 22 matching the platform, which produces elastic deformation to absorb impact energy when pressed; in addition, the recessed area 22 provides mutual fitting between adjacent chain links 1 when the liquid chain link 1 is tightened in the shell 3, thereby making full use of the limited operation space of the shell 3. At the same time, the shell 3 side wall is provided with an opening 23 for guiding the chain link 1, and the edge of the opening 23 is provided with a 45° chamfered notch 24, so that the chain link 1 slides along the predetermined path when entering and leaving the shell. The cooperation of the limit block 20 and the opening 21 restricts the normal displacement of the clamping block 2 along the virtual plane where the flexible ring is located, avoiding tearing failure caused by stress concentration; the buffer design of the recessed area 22 makes the clamping pressure uniform.

[0028] In order to improve the system stability during disassembly and assembly of large centrifuges. In some embodiments, 2-4 shells 3 are arranged symmetrically around the flexible ring, and each shell is connected through the lifting structure at the top.

[0029] As an explanation, the lifting structure includes but is not limited to bolt holes, lifting rings, buckles, or card slots matched with rope sleeves, etc. After the tool shown in the present application is fastened to the disc centrifuge, the drum is lifted by using a travelling crane, a winch or the like.

[0030] In some embodiments, the above hoisting structure adopts a vertical rectangular frame 25, and the rectangular frames 25 of adjacent housings 3 are combined to form a closed handle when they are attached. One of the rectangular frames 25 is hinged to a U-shaped piece 26, which is rotated to buckle the other rectangular frame 25 during operation, forming a mechanical interlock. When multiple, especially two, housings 3 work together, the input interfaces 10 of the driving shafts 9 are rotated synchronously to make all the flexible ring segments contract synchronously. The housings 3 are internally provided with a right-angle elbow 18, and the two vertical openings of the right-angle elbow 18 support the rotating shaft 4 and the driving shaft 9 through bearings 19, respectively, to ensure the coaxiality of the transmission system under eccentric load. The distributed layout of multiple housings balances the load and reduces the volume of a single housing 3, and the bearing support of the right-angle elbow 18 eliminates the transmission gap and avoids the motion interference of multiple mechanisms working simultaneously. The combined structure of the rectangular frame 25 can be converted into a handheld handle or a hoisting point, adapting to ground operation and high-altitude operation scenarios; and when two housings 3 tighten the same flexible ring, the two housings 3 can be attached to each other, at which time the U-shaped piece is used as a handle, making the entire tool more portable.

[0031] Specifically, the U-shaped piece shown in the present application includes a sleeve that is sleeved on the rectangular frame 25, and the sleeve radially intersects one end of the U-shaped piece 26.

[0032] In order to standardize the tool operation process and achieve efficient disassembly and assembly. In some embodiments, the operation is as follows. The flexible ring is sleeved on the outer edge of the centrifuge drum, the electric wrench drives the input interface 10 at low speed to make the flexible ring preliminarily contract until the elastic clamping block 2 is completely attached to the surface of the equipment. Increase the torque to continue tightening, when the pawl 12 enters the locking state, stop driving at this time. Switch the circuit switch to release the electromagnetic locking, reverse slow rotation of the input interface 10 to release the clamping force. When maintaining, high-temperature lubricating grease needs to be periodically injected into the right-angle elbow 18, and the wear condition of the elastic clamping block 2 needs to be checked.

[0033] In order to solve the problem of guiding and positioning the chain links 1 in a narrow space. In some embodiments, chain link channels are opened on the left and right side walls of the housing 3, and a trumpet-shaped guide surface is arranged at the entrance of the channel. When the diameter of the flexible ring is adjusted, the chain link 1 slides along the inner wall of the channel, and the ball head structure at the hinged end cooperates with the arc-shaped groove on the side wall of the channel to limit the lateral deviation of the chain link 1. At the same time, the top end of the body of the elastic clamping block 2 is provided with a guide inclined surface, which contacts the conical surface at the end of the retractable shaft 6 when the chain link 1 enters the housing 3, automatically correcting the entry angle of the chain link 1. The trumpet-shaped entrance and the ball joint structure eliminate the assembly cumulative error of the chain link 1, ensuring that the multi-chain link system remains consistent in motion after repeated extension and contraction; the guide inclined surface makes the chain link 1 always in line contact with the retractable shaft 6 during the retraction process.

[0034] The working principle of the present application is that the table body of the elastic clamping block 2 is designed to deform microscopically when contacting the surface of the centrifuge, thereby increasing the fitting area; the articulated structure of the chain link 1 allows the flexible ring to bend with the curvature of the equipment; through an external power source such as an electric wrench connected to the input interface 10, the drive shaft 9 is driven to rotate. The second bevel gear 8 meshes with the first bevel gear 7, and the bevel gear transmission drives the axial rotation of the external power source through the first bevel gear 7 and the second bevel gear 8 to drive the rotating shaft 4, the rotating seat 5 and the retractable shaft 6 to rotate. The S-shaped chain link 1 radially displaces under the action of the retractable shaft 6: when the retractable shaft 6 is tightened inward, the flexible ring diameter is reduced, and at this time the equipment can be clamped; when released outward, the restoring force of the elastic clamping block 2 causes the flexible ring to expand, and at this time the equipment can be loosened. When the flexible ring is tightened to clamp the equipment, the rotating shaft 4 drives the ratchet 11 to rotate forward, and the pawl 12 slides over the tooth slope. After tightening is completed, the pawl can be buckled with the ratchet 11 through the spring or self-weight 12, preventing it from rotating in the opposite direction. When the equipment needs to be loosened, the circuit switch 17 switches the power supply, the magnetic pole of the electromagnet 16 is reversed, the pawl is attracted, and the pawl moves upward to allow the rotating shaft to rotate in the opposite direction to release the tool.

[0035] The above-described embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A special dismounting tool for disc centrifuge, comprising a plurality of chain links (1) in a flexible ring, which are hingedly connected in sequence at the ends, a middle section of the chain link (1) is embedded with an elastic clamping block (2), the elastic clamping block (2) is partially exposed from the inner side wall of the flexible ring, the chain link (1) is sleeved in a housing (3), a rotating seat (5) is arranged in the housing (3) through a rotating shaft (4) which rotates in the same direction as the normal direction of the flexible ring, two receiving and releasing shafts (6) are arranged in parallel on the rotating seat (5), part of the chain links of the flexible ring are arranged in an S shape around the two receiving and releasing shafts (6), the rotating shaft (4) is arranged in the housing (3) and extends circumferentially to be provided with a first bevel gear (7), the housing (3) is provided with a second bevel gear (8) which is engaged with the first bevel gear (7), the second bevel gear (8) is arranged in the axial direction to be provided with a driving shaft (9), the driving shaft (9) penetrates the housing (3) and is provided with an input interface (10) outside the housing (3).

2. The tool of claim 1, wherein The rotating shaft (4) is arranged in the housing (3) and extends circumferentially to be provided with a ratchet wheel (11), the housing (3) is hingedly arranged with a pawl (12) which is adapted to the ratchet wheel (11), a middle part of the pawl (12) is provided with a reset device, the reset device allows the pawl (12) to rotate in one direction with the ratchet wheel (11), when the ratchet wheel (11) reverses, the reset device makes the pawl (12) and the ratchet wheel (11) interlock and lock.

3. The tool of claim 2, wherein The housing (3) is provided with a battery compartment (13), the battery compartment (13) is provided with a cover plate (14) outside the housing (3), the reset device comprises a permanent magnet (15) which is sleeved on the rotating shaft (4), the pawl (12) is hingedly connected to the permanent magnet (15), the battery compartment (13) is electrically connected with an electromagnet (16), the electromagnet (16) is embedded on the housing (3) above the permanent magnet (15), the housing (3) is provided with a circuit switch (17) outside, by switching the circuit switch (17), the electromagnet (16) and the permanent magnet (15) are attracted or repelled.

4. The tool of claim 3, wherein A right angle elbow (18) is arranged at the connection between the driving shaft (9) and the rotating shaft (4) inside the housing (3), the right angle elbow (18) is fixed to the inside of the housing (3), the rotating shaft (4) penetrates an opening of the right angle elbow (18) and is rotatably connected to the inside of the right angle elbow (18) through a bearing (19), the driving shaft (9) penetrates another opening of the right angle elbow (18) and is rotatably connected through a bearing (19).

5. The tool of claim 3 wherein, The exposed part of the elastic clamping block (2) on the chain link (1) is a platform, the part close to the upper and lower sides of the chain link (1) on the inside of the chain link (1) is provided with a limiting block (20), the chain link (1) is provided with an opening (21) which is adapted to the limiting block (20), a recessed area (22) is arranged on the side of the elastic clamping block (2) away from the platform, the recessed area (22) is adapted to the platform.

6. The tool of claim 3 wherein, The left and right sides of the shell (3) are provided with openings (23) for the chain links (1) to pass through, the side walls of the openings (23) are vertically provided with notches (24), and the upper and lower sides of the notches (24) are used for guiding the chain links (1) to enter the shell (3).

7. The tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The shell (3) is centrally symmetrically provided with 2-4 on the flexible ring.

8. The tool of claim 7, wherein, The upper surface of the shell (3) is provided with a lifting connection structure.

9. The tool of claim 8, wherein, The lifting connection structure is a vertically arranged rectangular frame (25), and the rectangular frames (25) of the two shells (3) are combined into a handle when they are attached to each other.

10. The tool of claim 9, wherein One of the rectangular frames (25) is transversely hinged with a U-shaped piece (26), and the U-shaped piece (26) can be buckled with the other rectangular frame (25) by rotating.

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