Direction self-adaptive rectifying device for reducing and controlling wave current load of bridge pier structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a direction self-adaptive rectifying device for reducing and controlling wave current load of a bridge pier structure. The technical problem that in the prior art, the load reducing effect of a load reducing and controlling measure assumed based on a single wave current acting direction is poor is solved. The direction self-adaptive rectifying device comprises a restraining and releasing structure, the restraining and releasing structure comprises a fixed part and a rotating part, the fixed part is fixedly connected with the outer wall of a pier structure, and the fixed part is rotationally connected with the rotating part; the rectification and load reduction structure is provided with an arc-shaped outer edge matched with the wave flow action direction and the water depth direction and comprises an outer cover and a floating body material filling part, the outer cover is locally and fixedly connected with the rotating part, and the connecting position is close to the tangent position of the wave flow action direction and the pier structure; a gap located between the outer cover and the rotating part is formed in the upstream face and the downstream face of the bridge pier structure, and the gap is filled with floating body materials of the floating body material filling part. And the rotation driving structure comprises blades which are arranged on the downstream face of the outer cover at intervals from top to bottom.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of cross-sea bridges, and more specifically, to a directional adaptive rectification device for reducing and controlling wave loads on bridge pier structures. Background Technology

[0002] Cross-sea bridges play a crucial role in facilitating connectivity between various economic regions. However, they are constantly subjected to a complex and ever-changing marine environment, with waves and currents being the primary hydrodynamic forces. Influenced by strong winds and unique seabed topography, the direction of wave and current action is highly diverse, significantly impacting the stress on bridge pier structures and introducing new risks and challenges to bridge construction. Therefore, load reduction and control design for bridge pier structures is an important way to cope with the complex marine environment and improve structural performance.

[0003] Current methods for reducing wave and current loads are mostly based on the assumption of a single wave and current direction, and are divided into protective and drag-reducing types. Protective measures achieve load reduction by altering the wave and current characteristics around the structure, such as sacrificial piles and breakwaters. Drag-reducing measures meet load reduction requirements by changing the shape of the upstream face and reducing the obstruction effect of the structure on the water flow. However, when the wave and current direction deviates, the load reduction effect of load control measures based on the assumption of a single wave and current direction will be significantly reduced, and the stress on the bridge pier structure may increase, affecting structural safety. Furthermore, irregular designs for bridge pier structures to reduce wave and current loads will increase the difficulty of construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a directional adaptive rectification device for reducing and controlling wave and current loads on bridge pier structures, so as to solve the technical problem that the load reduction effect of load reduction measures based on the assumption of a single wave and current action direction in the prior art is poor.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a directional adaptive rectification device for reducing and controlling wave current loads on bridge pier structures, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0006] An adaptive rectification device for reducing wave and current load on a bridge pier structure includes: a constraint release structure for rotating around the outer periphery of the bridge pier structure under wave and current action; the constraint release structure includes a fixed part and a rotating part, the fixed part being fastened to the outer wall of the bridge pier structure, and the fixed part and the rotating part being rotatably connected; a rectification and load reduction structure having an arc-shaped outer edge adapted to the wave and current action direction and the water depth direction; the rectification and load reduction structure includes an outer cover and a floating material filling part, a portion of the outer cover being fastened to the rotating part and the connection position being close to the point where the wave and current action direction is tangent to the bridge pier structure, forming a gap between the outer cover and the rotating part on the upstream and downstream sides of the bridge pier structure, and the floating material of the floating material filling part filling the gap; and a rotation drive structure for driving the rectification and load reduction structure and the rotating part to rotate; the rotation drive structure includes blades arranged at intervals from top to bottom on the downstream side of the outer cover.

[0007] The directional adaptive rectifier of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0008] (1) The present invention designs the outer periphery of the rectification and load reduction structure as an appropriate arc-shaped outer edge along the direction of wave action and water depth, which can effectively guide the water flow, reduce the direct impact of wave action on the pier structure, and reduce the wave load borne by the pier structure.

[0009] (2) The rotating part and the rectification and load reduction structure of the present invention can adaptively rotate with the change of wave current direction under the action of the driving blade, thereby actively reducing the load of the pier structure under the action of multi-directional wave current, overcoming the limitation of the assumption of a single wave current direction. This adaptiveness of "movement" to control "change" significantly improves the load reduction and control capability of the device in a variable environment, and effectively reduces the adverse effects caused by the change of wave current direction.

[0010] The axis of the rectifier and unloading structure always remains dynamically consistent with the direction of the wave flow, thus keeping the rectifier and unloading structure in the optimal position and ensuring a long-term, efficient, and stable unloading effect; the rotation angle can be adjusted according to actual needs, making it widely adaptable.

[0011] (3) The blades of the rotation drive structure use the energy of the water flow itself to drive the entire device to rotate, without the need for additional energy input, and will not cause additional pollution to the aquatic environment, thus improving the reliability and sustainability of the device.

[0012] (4) The gap formed between the water-facing and back-facing sides of the pier structure can further reduce the direct impact force of the wave current on the pier structure. The floating material filling part in the gap effectively reduces weight, provides additional buoyancy support, reduces rotational resistance, and enhances the impact resistance and long-term stability of the device in different environments.

[0013] As a further improvement to the aforementioned directional adaptive rectification device: the constraint release structure comprises at least two structures arranged at intervals from top to bottom; the rectification and unloading structure comprises at least two structures arranged at intervals from top to bottom; each rectification and unloading structure is provided with 1 to 2 constraint release structures and 1 to 2 blades. Therefore, segmented manufacturing not only facilitates the installation and maintenance of the unloading system, but also better matches the change in wave and current direction along the water depth, improving the unloading effect.

[0014] As a further improvement to the aforementioned directional adaptive rectification device, the fixed part and the rotating part are rotatably connected by ball bearings. This results in a simple structure and good rotational stability.

[0015] As a further improvement to the aforementioned adaptive rectifier: when the cross-section of the pier structure is circular, both the fixed part and the rotating part are annular in shape; when the cross-section of the pier structure is rectangular, both the fixed part and the rotating part are annular or arc-shaped, with the two ends of the arc extending beyond the corner of the pier structure by an angle α, where α ranges from 0 to 45°. By using a limited rotation angle, the size of the device's upstream surface can be effectively reduced, avoiding excessive size that would increase the load, and the material cost of the constraint release structure can be reduced.

[0016] As a further improvement to the aforementioned directional adaptive rectification device: the width of the arc-shaped outer edge perpendicular to the wave-current direction gradually increases from both ends of the wave-current direction towards the center of the pier structure, approaching the diameter or side length of the pier structure. This extends the length of the upstream and downstream clearances along the wave-current direction, effectively reducing the blocking effect of the upstream surface under wave-current action, altering the vortex shedding and negative pressure characteristics of the downstream surface, and thus significantly reducing the wave-current load. Preferably, the upstream and downstream clearances are symmetrically arranged; the length of the upstream clearance along the wave-current direction is 0.5 to 1.5 times the radius or side length of the pier structure.

[0017] As a further improvement to the aforementioned directional adaptive rectification device: the length of the arc-shaped outer edge along the wave-current direction first decreases and then increases from top to bottom. Preferably, the length of the top of the arc-shaped outer edge is less than the length of the bottom. This better matches the variation of wave-current action along the water depth direction, improving the load reduction effect: the change in the top length can release wave energy and reduce wave impact, while the change in the bottom length can alter the vertical component of the wave-current, reducing the degree of scouring.

[0018] As a further improvement to the aforementioned directional adaptive rectification device, the outer casing includes an arc-shaped plate adapted to the arc-shaped outer edge and stiffening ribs provided on the inner wall of the arc-shaped plate; thereby, the structural rigidity of the outer casing is improved, stability is enhanced, and deformation is avoided under the action of strong wave currents.

[0019] As a further improvement to the aforementioned directional adaptive rectification device, the upper part of the rectification and load reduction structure is provided with wave-damping holes. This, combined with other local load reduction and control measures, further enhances the load reduction effect.

[0020] As a further improvement to the aforementioned directional adaptive rectification device, the rotation drive structure also includes a connecting rod linking the blades and the outer casing. This delays the blade mounting position by extending the connecting rod, thereby enhancing the effect of wave flow on the blades and ultimately increasing the blade's driving force.

[0021] In summary, the adaptive rectification device for reducing and controlling the wave and current load on bridge pier structures of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to process, manufacture and install, has good structural stability, and can significantly improve the resistance of bridge pier structures to wave and current loads in various directions, thereby enhancing the safety and durability of bridges. It effectively solves the technical problem that the load reduction effect of load reduction measures based on the assumption of a single wave and current action direction in the prior art is poor, and has strong practicality.

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to aid in understanding the invention. The content provided in the drawings and their related descriptions can be used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a frontal schematic diagram of the adaptive rectification device for reducing and controlling the wave load on the pier structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the adaptive rectification device for reducing and controlling the wave load on the pier structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the constraint release structure in the adaptive rectification device for reducing the direction of wave and current load on the bridge pier structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the adaptive rectification device for reducing and controlling the wave load on the pier structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a top view schematic diagram of the adaptive rectification device for reducing and controlling the wave load on the pier structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0029] The relevant markings in the above figures are:

[0030] 100-Pier structure, 200-Constraint release structure, 210-Fixing part, 220-Rotating part, 230-Ball bearing, 300-Rectifying and load-reducing structure, 310-Outer cover, 311-Arc plate, 312-Stiffening rib, 320-Floating material filling part, 330-Upward surface gap, 340-Backwater surface gap, 400-Rotation drive structure, 410-Blade, 420-Connecting rod, 500-Wave damping hole. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. Before describing the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it should be particularly noted that:

[0032] The technical solutions and features provided in the various parts of this invention, including the following description, can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0033] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention described below are generally only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Regarding the terminology and units used in this invention: The terms "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof in the specification, claims, and related parts of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Figure 1 This is a frontal schematic diagram of the adaptive rectification device for reducing and controlling the wave load on the bridge pier structure in this embodiment. Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the adaptive rectification device for reducing and controlling the wave load on the pier structure in this embodiment. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the constraint release structure 200 in the adaptive rectification device for reducing the direction of wave and current load on the pier structure in this embodiment.

[0037] like Figure 1-3 The adaptive rectification device for reducing the wave load on the pier structure shown includes a constraint release structure 200, a rectification and load reduction structure 300, and a rotation drive structure 400. The cross-section of the pier structure 100 is circular.

[0038] The constraint release structure 200 is used to rotate around the outer periphery of the pier structure 100 under the action of wave current; the constraint release structure 200 includes a fixed part 210 and a rotating part 220 (made of stainless steel). The fixed part 210 is fastened to the outer wall of the pier structure 100 (a conventional connection method is sufficient, such as screw fixing). The fixed part 210 and the rotating part 220 are rotatably connected by ball bearings 230. The fixed part 210 and the rotating part 220 are both circular in shape and are assembled by splicing.

[0039] The rectification and load reduction structure 300 has an arc-shaped outer edge adapted to the direction of wave action and water depth. The width of the arc-shaped outer edge perpendicular to the direction of wave action gradually increases from both ends of the wave action direction toward the center of the pier structure 100, approaching the diameter or side length of the pier structure 100. The length of the arc-shaped outer edge along the direction of wave action first decreases and then increases from top to bottom, with the length of the top of the arc-shaped outer edge being less than the length of the bottom. The upper end of the rectification and load reduction structure 300 is flush with or slightly higher than the still water surface, and the lower end of the rectification and load reduction structure 300 extends into the bottom of the water to a depth of at least 70% of the water depth.

[0040] The rectification and load reduction structure 300 includes an outer cover 310 (made of stainless steel) and a floating material filling part 320 (made of plastic or foam). A portion of the outer cover 310 is tightly connected (preferably welded) to the rotating part 220, with the connection point close to the tangent point between the wave direction and the pier structure 100. A gap is formed between the outer cover 310 and the rotating part 220 on the upstream and downstream sides of the pier structure 100, and the floating material of the floating material filling part 320 fills this gap. The upstream gap 330 and the downstream gap 340 are symmetrically arranged, and the length L of the upstream gap 330 along the wave direction is 0.5 to 1.5 times the radius or side length of the pier structure 100. The outer cover 310 includes an arc-shaped plate 311 adapted to the arc-shaped outer edge and stiffening ribs 312 provided on the inner wall of the arc-shaped plate 311. The upper part of the rectification and load reduction structure 300 is provided with wave-damping holes 500.

[0041] The rotation drive structure 400 is used to drive the rectifier unloading structure 300 and the rotating part 220 to rotate; the rotation drive structure 400 includes blades 410 arranged from top to bottom on the back surface of the outer cover 310 and connecting rods 420 connecting the blades 410 and the outer cover 310.

[0042] The constraint release structure 200 is at least two and is arranged at intervals from top to bottom; the rectification and unloading structure 300 is at least two and is arranged at intervals from top to bottom; each rectification and unloading structure 300 is provided with 1 to 2 constraint release structures 200 and 1 to 2 blades 410.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the adaptive rectification device for reducing and controlling the wave load on the pier structure in this embodiment.

[0045] Compared with Embodiment 1, the direction adaptive rectification device in this embodiment differs in that: Figure 4 As shown, the cross-section of the pier structure 100 is rectangular, and the shapes of the fixed part 210 and the rotating part 220 are still circular.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] Figure 5 This is a top view schematic diagram of the adaptive rectification device for reducing and controlling the wave load on the pier structure in this embodiment.

[0048] Compared with Embodiment 1, the direction adaptive rectification device in this embodiment differs in that: Figure 5 As shown, the cross-section of the pier structure 100 is rectangular, and the shapes of the fixed part 210 and the rotating part 220 are both arc-shaped. The angle between the two ends of the arc-shaped part and the corner of the pier structure 100 is α, where α is 30°.

[0049] For a rectangular bridge pier structure 100 of the same size, combined with Figure 4-5 As can be seen from the comparison, this embodiment can significantly reduce the material cost of the constraint release structure 200 compared with embodiment 2.

[0050] To demonstrate the load reduction effect of this invention, the load change of the pier structure 100 was studied, taking a circular cross-section pier structure 100 as an example, under different angles (denoted as β) between the water flow direction and the length direction of the adaptive rectification device in Example 1, and whether the rectification and load reduction structure 300 adaptively rotated. The load magnitude was measured using a six-degree-of-freedom force balance, and the formula for calculating the load reduction effect was: X=(Q1-Q2) / Q1, where X represents the load reduction effect, Q1 is the load of the pier structure 100 when the rectification and load reduction structure 300 does not rotate, and Q2 is the load of the pier structure 100 when the rectification and load reduction structure 300 adaptively rotates.

[0051] Taking a bridge pier structure segment 100 with a diameter of 1.0m and a height of 1.5m as an example, when the length of the rectifier is 1.5m (i.e., the length L of the gap 330 on the water-facing side along the wave-current direction is 0.25m, which is 0.5 times the radius of the bridge pier structure 100) and the water flow velocity is 0.1m / s, the load reduction effect calculation results of the directional adaptive rectifier of Embodiment 1 of the present invention are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, Q1 increases with increasing β. However, under various β values, the directional adaptive rectifier actively adapts to the wave-current direction, while Q2 remains consistent, demonstrating excellent load reduction effect.

[0052] Table 1

[0053]

[0054] The foregoing has described the relevant content of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the above description of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A directional adaptive rectification device for reducing and controlling wave current loads on bridge pier structures, characterized in that: include: A constraint release structure (200) is used to rotate around the outer periphery of the pier structure (100) under the action of wave current; The constraint release structure (200) includes a fixed part (210) and a rotating part (220). The fixed part (210) is fastened to the outer wall of the pier structure (100), and the fixed part (210) and the rotating part (220) are rotatably connected. A flow-reducing and load-reducing structure (300) has an arc-shaped outer edge adapted to the direction of wave action and water depth; the flow-reducing and load-reducing structure (300) includes an outer cover (310) and a floating material filling part (320), a portion of the outer cover (310) is fastened to the rotating part (220) and the connection position is close to the point where the direction of wave action is tangent to the pier structure (100), and a gap is formed between the outer cover (310) and the rotating part (220) on the water-facing and back-facing surfaces of the pier structure (100), and the floating material of the floating material filling part (320) fills the gap; A rotation drive structure (400) is used to drive the rectifier unloading structure (300) and the rotating part (220) to rotate; the rotation drive structure (400) includes blades (410) arranged at intervals from top to bottom on the back surface of the outer cover (310).

2. The directional adaptive rectification device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The constraint release structure (200) is at least two and is arranged at intervals from top to bottom; the rectification and unloading structure (300) is at least two and is arranged at intervals from top to bottom; each rectification and unloading structure (300) is provided with 1 to 2 constraint release structures (200) and 1 to 2 blades (410).

3. The directional adaptive rectification device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed part (210) and the rotating part (220) are rotatably connected by ball bearings (230).

4. The directional adaptive rectification device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the cross-section of the pier structure (100) is circular, the fixed part (210) and the rotating part (220) are both annular in shape; when the cross-section of the pier structure (100) is rectangular, the fixed part (210) and the rotating part (220) are both annular or arc-shaped, and the angle between the two ends of the arc-shaped part and the corner of the pier structure (100) is α, where α is 0 to 45°.

5. The directional adaptive rectification device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the arc-shaped outer edge perpendicular to the direction of wave action gradually increases from both ends of the direction of wave action toward the center of the pier structure (100) to close to the diameter or side length of the pier structure (100).

6. The directional adaptive rectification device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The gaps on the water-facing side (330) and the gaps on the back side (340) are symmetrically arranged; the length of the gap on the water-facing side (330) along the direction of wave action is 0.5 to 1.5 times the radius or side length of the pier structure (100).

7. The directional adaptive rectification device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the arc-shaped outer edge along the direction of wave action decreases first and then increases from top to bottom.

8. The directional adaptive rectification device as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The length of the top of the arc-shaped outer edge is less than the length of the bottom.

9. The directional adaptive rectification device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cover (310) includes an arc plate (311) adapted to the arc-shaped outer edge and stiffening ribs (312) provided on the inner wall of the arc plate (311); the upper part of the rectification and load reduction structure (300) is provided with wave-damping holes (500).

10. The direction-adaptive rectification device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation drive structure (400) also includes a connecting rod (420) that connects the blade (410) and the outer cover (310).

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