Bridge pier reinforcing system based on ECC prefabricated assembly building blocks

Abstract

A bridge pier reinforcing system based on ECC prefabricated assembly building blocks belongs to the technical field of bridge structure reinforcing and anti-seismic engineering and comprises an embedded structure made of ECC materials, an outer side supporting face of the embedded structure, an inner side supporting face of the embedded structure and a middle supporting face of the embedded structure. A top clamping groove, a side face clamping groove, a bottom clamping block and a side face clamping block are formed among the inner side supporting face, the outer side supporting face and the middle supporting face respectively. The self-locking embedded structure with the supporting surfaces 3 is designed by prefabricating the ECC component, so that the reinforcing layer can absorb energy through the plastic deformation of the ECC under the earthquake load, meanwhile, the embedded structure avoids stress concentration at the connecting part, and the problems of material brittle failure and connection failure are solved. The template can be used as a permanent template of a newly-built cast-in-place And the building blocks and the existing bridge pier can form an integral reinforcing layer through mechanical embedding and chemical bonding, local damage of the building blocks can be rapidly replaced and repaired, and the triple functions of permanent formworks, reinforcing and rapid repairing are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge structure reinforcement and seismic engineering technology, specifically relating to a bridge pier reinforcement system based on ECC prefabricated assembled blocks. Background Technology

[0002] With the aging of urban transportation infrastructure and the continuous increase in traffic load, many key stress-bearing components of bridge structures, especially the pier bases, lower and middle sections of the pier body, and some load-bearing nodes, often face localized damage and performance degradation due to environmental factors such as earthquakes, fatigue, freeze-thaw cycles, and carbonization. Particularly under strong earthquakes, pier bases and other areas of the pier are prone to plastic hinges, concrete spalling, and longitudinal reinforcement yielding, severely impacting the overall structural safety and durability. Therefore, rapid and effective reinforcement and repair of various areas of existing bridge piers has become an important research direction in bridge seismic strengthening.

[0003] Currently, commonly used bridge reinforcement methods include: external steel sleeves, carbon fiber cloth bonding, and the addition of reinforced concrete sleeves. These methods can improve the local seismic resistance of the structure to some extent, but they often have the following problems: complex construction processes, numerous wet work steps, and the need for complete replacement of reinforced components when local damage occurs, especially difficult when construction is carried out without interrupting traffic; long construction periods, failing to meet the emergency needs of rapid post-earthquake response; and limited working space, making operation difficult in the confined spaces of the bridge's substructure. Furthermore, the traditional steel and wooden formwork used in cast-in-place concrete pouring must be dismantled after pouring, increasing labor and time costs and posing a risk of damaging the newly poured concrete surface during dismantling. Simultaneously, on-site processing and formwork erection are highly dependent on the environment and equipment, making quality control difficult.

[0004] To overcome the problems of traditional formwork, permanent formwork construction systems have been introduced for the project, such as steel shells and integral concrete sheaths. However, existing permanent formwork still has the following problems: most are monolithic components, making them difficult to disassemble and transport, especially in areas with complex bridge construction environments and restricted access; modules cannot be assembled in sections, or the section sizes are too large, resulting in high on-site installation difficulty and stringent requirements for hoisting coordination; existing permanent formwork is mostly made of ordinary concrete or steel plates, lacking the necessary ductility and crack resistance, making it difficult to form a truly integrated reinforcement system that works in synergy with the old and new structures when facing strong earthquakes or complex stress states. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention discloses a bridge pier reinforcement system based on ECC prefabricated assembled blocks. By designing a three-support, self-locking interlocking structure for the prefabricated ECC components, the reinforcement layer can absorb energy under seismic loads through the plastic deformation of the ECC. Simultaneously, the interlocking structure avoids stress concentration at the connection points, solving the problems of "brittle fracture of materials" and "connection failure." This structure can serve as a permanent formwork for newly constructed cast-in-place bridge piers (no need to be removed after pouring, sharing the load with the internal concrete), overcoming the construction complexity caused by the need to remove traditional steel and wooden formwork after concrete pouring. It can also form an integral reinforcement layer with existing bridge piers through "mechanical interlocking + chemical bonding," allowing for rapid replacement and repair of locally damaged blocks, solving the problem of needing to completely remove existing reinforcement layers after local damage. This achieves a triple function of "permanent formwork + reinforcement + rapid repair," overcoming the limitations of the single function of existing technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A bridge pier reinforcement system based on ECC prefabricated assembled blocks includes an interlocking structure made of ECC material. The interlocking structure includes an outer support surface on the outside, an inner support surface on the inside, and an intermediate support surface between the inner and outer support surfaces. The inner support surface, outer support surface, and intermediate support surface constitute three layers of support surfaces in the reinforcement system. A top slot, a side slot, a bottom block, and a side block are formed between the inner support surface, outer support surface, and intermediate support surface, respectively. The bottom block of the upper interlocking structure engages with the top slot of the adjacent lower interlocking structure. The adjacent interlocking structures on the left and right sides are engaged with each other through side slots and side blocks.

[0007] Preferably, when the bridge pier has a square cross-section, the fitting structure includes a side fitting structure located on the side and a corner fitting structure located at the corner.

[0008] Preferably, the outer and inner support surfaces of the side-mounted interlocking structure are square plate-shaped structures with identical structures and arranged opposite each other, and the middle support surface is also a square plate-shaped structure. The bottom end of the middle support surface extends downward to form a bottom locking block; one end of the middle support surface extends outward to form a side locking block. The outer, inner, and middle support surfaces of the top of the interlocking structure opposite to the bottom locking block form a top locking groove, and the side opposite to the side locking block is formed by the outer, inner, and middle support surfaces forming a side locking groove. The top locking groove and the side locking groove are connected to each other to form an L-shaped groove; the side locking block and the bottom locking block are connected to each other to form an L-shaped block.

[0009] Preferably, the corner fitting structure consists of two parallel right-angled plate-like structures forming an inner support surface and an outer support surface, respectively. Between the inner and outer support surfaces, another right-angled plate-like structure forms a middle support surface. The bottom end of the middle support surface extends downward to form a bottom locking block. One end of the middle support surface extends outward to form a side locking block. The outer support surface, inner support surface, and middle support surface at the top of the fitting structure opposite to the bottom locking block form a top locking groove. The side opposite to the side locking block is formed by the outer support surface, inner support surface, and middle support surface forming a side locking groove.

[0010] Preferably, when the cross-section of the bridge pier is circular, the overall interlocking structure is arc-shaped, and its inner support surface, outer support surface and middle support surface are all arc-shaped plate structures. The principle of forming side slots, top or bottom slots, side blocks and bottom or top blocks is the same as that used when the cross-section of the bridge pier is square.

[0011] Preferably, when the pier cross-section is square, the reinforcement system consists of several reinforcement units arranged axially on the outer surface of the pier, with adjacent reinforcement units spaced apart. Each reinforcement unit includes several layers of reinforcement sub-units that are stacked and interlocked. Each reinforcement sub-unit consists of multiple interlocking side-mounted structures and four corner-mounted structures. The reinforcement sub-units surround the outer perimeter of the pier and are bonded to the concrete surface of the pier. Adjacent reinforcement sub-units are interlocked by bottom blocks and top slots.

[0012] Preferably, when the pier cross-section is square, the structure of the reinforcement unit and the gap between adjacent reinforcement units satisfy the following: the side fitting structure or corner fitting structure of the same longitudinal column can be pulled out sequentially from the gap below or above by disassembly, so as to replace the damaged side fitting structure or corner fitting structure in the column.

[0013] Preferably, when the cross-section of the bridge pier is circular, the reinforcement system consists of several reinforcement units arranged axially on the outer surface of the bridge pier, with adjacent reinforcement units spaced apart. Each reinforcement unit includes several layers of reinforcement sub-units that are stacked and interlocked. Each reinforcement sub-unit consists of several arc-shaped interlocking structures that surround the bridge pier and are interlocked with each other by side slots and side blocks. The upper and lower adjacent reinforcement sub-units are interlocked with each other by top or bottom slots and bottom or top blocks. The reinforcement sub-units are bonded to the outer wall of the bridge pier.

[0014] Preferably, the reinforcing subunit is bonded to the outer surface of the pier using high-strength structural epoxy resin adhesive.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the bridge pier reinforcement system based on ECC prefabricated blocks of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention has a reasonable structure and outstanding advantages. The ECC prefabricated assembly block reinforcement structure of this invention consists of ECC prefabricated assembly blocks, a three-support-surface self-locking interlocking structure, and high-strength structural epoxy resin adhesive. The assembly blocks adopt a three-support-surface self-locking interlocking design, achieving self-locking connection through the precise interlocking of the locking blocks and slots, forming a continuous and stable force transmission path, effectively avoiding loosening or cracking of the connection due to vibration or load. Compared with traditional wet joints or external fastener connections, the three-support-surface interlocking has higher torsional resistance and overall stability. The self-locking interlocking ensures a tight connection between each assembly unit, avoiding misalignment or local slippage, and improving the reliability of the overall reinforcement system. Compared with the existing permanent templates such as steel sleeves and carbon fiber cloth, which are bulky, inconvenient to transport, and difficult to assemble in sections, the modular assembly form adopted in this invention is lightweight, can be disassembled for transport, and has efficient docking, making it more suitable for complex construction environments in confined spaces and for rapid post-earthquake reinforcement needs.

[0016] 2. This invention offers numerous advantages and solves several existing problems. In bridge pier construction and reinforcement, traditional steel and wooden formwork must be removed after concrete pouring, a cumbersome process that easily damages the surface of the newly poured concrete, affecting interface quality and reinforcement effectiveness. The ECC3 self-locking interlocking block proposed in this invention serves as a permanent formwork, eliminating the need for formwork removal after pouring. It forms a closed, integrated sleeve that works in tandem with the internal concrete to achieve a stable, closed constraint system, significantly improving the overall structural stiffness and durability. Compared to traditional wooden and steel formwork, this invention not only reduces the formwork removal process and construction complexity but also avoids interface damage caused by secondary disassembly and reassembly. Furthermore, when used as a permanent formwork, the block can simultaneously act as a protective layer, delaying environmental erosion of the bridge pier and improving structural durability. For later localized damage caused by earthquakes or environmental factors, this invention allows for repair by disassembling damaged blocks in sections and quickly replacing them with new ones. Combined with high-strength structural epoxy resin adhesive, a stable connection is achieved, shortening the construction period and improving repair efficiency and reliability.

[0017] 3. This invention has a wide range of applications and greater adaptability. The ECC prefabricated modular blocks of this invention can achieve rapid repair in post-earthquake restoration through partial disassembly and replacement, avoiding complete demolition. This is particularly suitable for bridge projects requiring traffic restoration within a limited timeframe. This technology can not only serve as a permanent formwork for newly constructed bridge piers, sharing load with the internal concrete, but also be applied to the post-earthquake reinforcement and long-term maintenance of existing bridges, possessing the multi-functional characteristics of "permanent formwork + reinforcement + rapid repair." With its modular assembly, immediate load-bearing capacity, and high-toughness ECC material, this invention can adapt to different bridge structural forms, different construction conditions, and complex environmental requirements, significantly improving construction efficiency and structural durability, reducing maintenance costs, and has excellent prospects for promotion and application. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ECC square column pier interlocking structure.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the corner fitting structure.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side-mounted interlocking structure.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a square column pier reinforcement subunit that forms a self-locking interlocking structure.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ECC cylindrical pier interlocking structure.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an arc-shaped interlocking structure.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second self-locking cylindrical pier reinforcement subunit.

[0025] 1-Middle support surface; 2-Side fitting structure and corner fitting structure; 3-Fitting structure; 4-Reinforcement sub-unit one; 5-Outer support surface; 6-Inner support surface; 7-Top slot; 8-Side slot; 9-Side block; 10-Bottom block; 11-Reinforcement sub-unit two; 12-Arc-shaped fitting structure. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The following embodiments can be understood as illustrating a part of the structure or method of the present invention individually, or as combining the embodiments to explain the broader structure or method of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A bridge pier reinforcement system based on ECC prefabricated assembled blocks, such as Figure 1-7As shown, the device includes a fitting structure 3 made of ECC material. The fitting structure 3 includes an outer support surface 5 on the outside, an inner support surface 6 on the inside, and an intermediate support surface 1 between the inner and outer support surfaces. The inner support surface 6, the outer support surface 5, and the intermediate support surface 1 constitute a three-layer support surface of the reinforcement system. A top slot 7, a side slot 8, a bottom block 10, and a side block 9 are formed between the inner support surface 6, the outer support surface 5, and the intermediate support surface 1, respectively. The bottom block 10 of the upper fitting structure 3 engages with the top slot 7 of the lower adjacent fitting structure. The left and right adjacent fitting structures 3 are engaged with each other through the side slot 8 and the side block 9.

[0030] The interlocking structure of the present invention can be integrally formed by casting with a mold, or prefabricated in the factory according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the bridge pier to be reinforced.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] like Figure 1-4 As shown, when the bridge pier has a square cross-section, the interlocking structure 3 includes a side interlocking structure located on the side and a corner interlocking structure located at the corner.

[0033] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the outer support surface 5 and inner support surface 6 of the side-mounted interlocking structure are square plate-shaped structures with the same structure and arranged opposite each other. The middle support surface 1 is also a square plate-shaped structure. The bottom end of the middle support surface 1 extends downward and forms a bottom locking block 10. One end of the middle support surface 1 extends outward and forms a side locking block 9. The outer support surface 5, inner support surface 6 and middle support surface 1 at the top of the interlocking structure 3 opposite to the bottom locking block 10 form a top locking groove 7. The side opposite to the side locking block 9 is formed by the outer support surface 5, inner support surface 6 and middle support surface 1 forming a side locking groove 8. The top locking groove 7 and the side locking groove 8 are connected to each other to form an L-shaped groove. The side locking block 9 and the bottom locking block 10 are connected to each other to form an L-shaped block.

[0034] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the corner fitting structure consists of two parallel right-angled plate-like structures forming an inner support surface 6 and an outer support surface 5, respectively. Between the inner support surface 6 and the outer support surface 5, another right-angled plate-like structure forms a middle support surface 1. The bottom end of the middle support surface 1 extends downward to form a bottom locking block 10. One end of the middle support surface 1 extends outward to form a side locking block 9. The outer support surface 5, the inner support surface 6, and the middle support surface 1 at the top of the fitting structure 3, which is opposite to the bottom locking block 10, form a top locking groove 7. The side opposite to the side locking block 9 is formed by the outer support surface 5, the inner support surface 6, and the middle support surface 1 forming a side locking groove 8.

[0035] It should be noted that the positions of the top slot and the bottom block are interchangeable, and similarly, the positions of the side slot and the side block are also interchangeable.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] like Figure 5-7 As shown, when the pier cross-section is circular, the interlocking structure 3 is generally arc-shaped. Its inner support surface 6, outer support surface 5, and middle support surface 1 are all arc-shaped plate structures. The principle for forming the side slots 8, top or bottom slots (refer to top slot 7), side blocks 9, and bottom or top blocks (refer to bottom block 10) is the same as that used when the pier cross-section is square. That is, if a top slot 7 is set at the top, then a bottom block 10 is set at the bottom; conversely, if a bottom slot is set at the bottom, then a top block is set at the top; the same logic applies to the slots and blocks on the left and right sides.

[0038] Example 4

[0039] like Figure 1-4 As shown, when the pier cross-section is square, the reinforcement system consists of several reinforcement units arranged axially on the outer surface of the pier. Adjacent reinforcement units are spaced apart. To facilitate disassembly and assembly, the reinforcement unit includes several layers of reinforcement sub-units that are stacked and interlocked (see...). Figure 4 The reinforcement sub-unit 4 shown is composed of multiple interlocking side fitting structures and four corner fitting structures. The reinforcement sub-unit surrounds the outer perimeter of the pier and is bonded to the concrete surface of the pier. The upper and lower adjacent reinforcement sub-units are connected by bottom locking blocks and top locking slots.

[0040] Example 5

[0041] like Figure 1-4 As shown, when the cross-section of the bridge pier is square, the structure of the reinforcement unit and the gap between adjacent reinforcement units satisfy the following: the side fitting structure or corner fitting structure of the same longitudinal column can be pulled out sequentially from the gap below or above by disassembly, so as to replace the damaged side fitting structure or corner fitting structure in the column.

[0042] Since the reinforcement unit is composed of several interlocking sub-units that are stacked vertically and have the same structure, the interlocking structures in the same vertical column can be pulled out one by one. With the gap left for pulling them out, when a certain interlocking structure cup is damaged, the column where the interlocking structure is located can be found, and the interlocking structures adjacent to it above or below can be pulled out from above or below. After replacing the damaged interlocking structure, the interlocking structures in that column can be inserted one by one.

[0043] Example 6

[0044] like Figure 5-7As shown, when the cross-section of the bridge pier is circular, the reinforcement system consists of several reinforcement units arranged axially on the outer surface of the bridge pier, with adjacent reinforcement units spaced apart. Each reinforcement unit comprises several layers of reinforced sub-units stacked and interlocked (see reference). Figure 7 The reinforcement sub-unit 11 shown is composed of several arc-shaped interlocking structures that surround the pier and are connected to each other by side slots and side blocks. The upper and lower adjacent reinforcement sub-units are connected to each other by top or bottom slots and bottom or top blocks. The reinforcement sub-unit is bonded to the outer wall of the pier.

[0045] Example 7

[0046] Based on embodiments 5 and 6, this embodiment discloses that the reinforcement subunit is bonded to the outer surface of the bridge pier by a high-strength structural epoxy resin adhesive.

[0047] Working principle and application prospects of this invention: This invention proposes a prefabricated modular reinforcement scheme using high-ductility cement-based composite material ECC as the matrix and a three-support self-locking interlocking structure, aiming to achieve a balance between improved structural performance and ease of construction. Through the integrated design of the ECC material and the three-support self-locking interlocking structure, the reinforcement layer can absorb energy under seismic loads through the plastic deformation of the ECC. Simultaneously, the interlocking structure avoids stress concentration at connection points, solving the dual problems of "brittle material fracture" and "connection failure." The blocks adopt a standardized modular design, achieving self-locking connections between components through the three-support self-locking interlocking structure. After assembly, a stable and complete self-locking three-support closed enclosure system is formed. The three-support interlocking structure improves torsional resistance and load transmission performance, requires no external fasteners, has high interlocking precision and good continuity, and allows loads to be evenly transferred between components through the support surfaces, effectively reducing stress concentration at connection points and improving the overall durability and seismic resistance of the structure. It can serve not only as a permanent formwork for newly constructed bridge piers, directly retained during the pouring process and sharing the load with the internal concrete, avoiding the construction complexity and increased costs associated with the removal of traditional steel and wooden formwork; it can also serve as an integral reinforcement layer for existing bridge piers, achieving a tight bond with the original structure through "mechanical interlocking + chemical bonding." For damage to localized interlocking structures, the damaged areas can be quickly replaced and repaired, avoiding the drawbacks of existing steel sleeves and carbon fiber cloths requiring complete removal due to localized issues. Compared to traditional formwork, this block features modular assembly capabilities, allowing for disassembly, transportation, and on-site segmented assembly. This facilitates transportation, offers flexible installation, reduces construction difficulty, eliminates the need for hoisting large components, significantly simplifies the construction process, and improves efficiency. This invention, through its triple functions of "permanent formwork + reinforcement + rapid repair," overcomes the limitations of existing technologies with their single-function approach, demonstrating significant engineering promotion value and application prospects.

[0048] High-strength structural epoxy resin adhesive is used to reinforce existing bridges by applying it between the ECC blocks (interlocking structure) and the original piers, reliably connecting the blocks to the original concrete piers and ensuring effective load transfer and deformation coordination at the interface. The synergistic effect of these three components achieves integrated structural stress distribution, robust connection interfaces, and continuous structural reinforcement, effectively extending the service life of the pier structure and improving safety and stability during operation.

[0049] The ECC block (interlocking structure) reinforcement measure employs segmented construction and assembly. When localized damage or sudden spalling occurs during structural operation, the damaged ECC blocks can be quickly removed and replaced. The repair process includes: removing residual high-strength structural epoxy resin and loose materials from the original grooves; re-treating and cleaning the original pier interface; selecting and replacing the ECC blocks of the same shape; re-interlocking the new blocks; and applying adhesive to secure them to the original pier. This method is simple to implement, highly efficient, and does not affect the overall structural operation, making it particularly suitable for post-earthquake emergency reinforcement and repair scenarios.

[0050] This invention patent overcomes the technical bottleneck of traditional "strong materials but weak connections" through the integrated design of ECC material and a three-support-surface self-locking interlocking structure. Specifically, it is reflected in: 1) The 3-support-surface interlocking structure provides a stable self-locking support surface. The interlocking part can effectively disperse local stress and avoid the stress concentration problem common in traditional wet joints and external connectors. 2) By coupling "high material toughness + structural self-locking stability", the overall structure can ensure the ductility of the reinforcement layer and ensure that the connection does not fail, thus solving the dual problems of "brittle material fracture" and "connection failure". 3) ECC materials have high ductility and crack self-control ability, as well as good corrosion resistance. They can absorb and disperse energy through plastic deformation under extreme loads such as earthquakes, thus avoiding brittle fracture.

[0051] The mechanical connection between the interlocking structures of this invention: 1) Through the interlocking effect between the three support surfaces, a stable connection with multi-directional force is formed, which improves the overall torsional resistance and anti-slip performance; 2) The connection points do not require external fasteners or wet joints to form a strong and reliable self-locking effect, reducing construction steps and reliance on adhesives; 3) The force transmission path is continuous, and the load can be evenly transferred to adjacent blocks through the 3-support interlocking surface, effectively avoiding local damage or instability caused by poor connection; 4) The integrated interlocking structure simplifies the construction process, while improving structural durability and reducing the risk of connection fatigue and loosening caused by long-term service.

[0052] The multifunctional integration effect of this invention: 1) When used as a permanent formwork for newly built bridge piers, the ECC blocks do not need to be removed after the pouring is completed. They can directly form an integral structure with the internal concrete and share the load. 2) When used as a reinforcement layer for existing bridge piers, ECC blocks achieve mechanical self-locking with the existing concrete through an interlocking structure. At the same time, high-strength structural epoxy resin adhesive can be used to form a composite connection of "mechanical interlocking + chemical bonding" to improve the reliability of reinforcement. 3) In post-earthquake repair, if local blocks are damaged, they can be repaired locally by quickly disassembling and replacing them with new blocks, avoiding the problem of "the whole structure needs to be removed" in traditional reinforcement techniques. 4) It achieves the triple functions of "permanent template + reinforcement + rapid repair", striking a balance between construction convenience, durability and repair efficiency, and breaking through the limitations of existing technologies with single functions and limited application scenarios.

Claims

1. A bridge pier reinforcement system based on ECC prefabricated assembled blocks, characterized in that: The system includes a mating structure made of ECC material. The mating structure includes an outer support surface on the outside, an inner support surface on the inside, and an intermediate support surface between the inner and outer support surfaces. The inner support surface, outer support surface, and intermediate support surface constitute a three-layer support surface of the reinforcement system. A top slot, a side slot, a bottom block, and a side block are formed between the inner support surface, outer support surface, and intermediate support surface, respectively. The bottom block of the upper mating structure engages with the top slot of the adjacent lower mating structure. The adjacent mating structures on the left and right sides engage with each other through side slots and side blocks.

2. The bridge pier reinforcement system based on ECC prefabricated blocks as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the bridge pier has a square cross-section, the interlocking structure includes a side interlocking structure located on the side and a corner interlocking structure located at the corner.

3. The bridge pier reinforcement system based on ECC prefabricated assembled blocks as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer and inner support surfaces of the side-mounted interlocking structure are identical and oppositely arranged square plate structures. The middle support surface is also a square plate structure. The bottom end of the middle support surface extends downward to form a bottom locking block. One end of the middle support surface extends outward to form a side locking block. The outer, inner, and middle support surfaces at the top of the interlocking structure opposite to the bottom locking block form a top locking groove. The side opposite to the side locking block is formed by the outer, inner, and middle support surfaces forming a side locking groove. The top locking groove and the side locking groove are interconnected to form an L-shaped groove. The side locking block and the bottom locking block are connected to form an L-shaped block.

4. The bridge pier reinforcement system based on ECC prefabricated assembled blocks as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The corner fitting structure consists of two parallel right-angled plate-like structures forming an inner support surface and an outer support surface, respectively. Between the inner and outer support surfaces, another right-angled plate-like structure forms a middle support surface. The bottom end of the middle support surface extends downward to form a bottom locking block. One end of the middle support surface extends outward to form a side locking block. The outer support surface, inner support surface, and middle support surface at the top of the fitting structure opposite to the bottom locking block form a top locking groove. The side opposite to the side locking block is formed by the outer support surface, inner support surface, and middle support surface forming a side locking groove.

5. The bridge pier reinforcement system based on ECC prefabricated assembled blocks as described in claim 4, characterized in that: When the cross-section of the bridge pier is circular, the overall interlocking structure is arc-shaped, and its inner support surface, outer support surface and middle support surface are all arc-shaped plate structures. The principle of forming side slots, top or bottom slots, side blocks and bottom or top blocks is the same as that of the interlocking structure used when the cross-section of the bridge pier is square.

6. The bridge pier reinforcement system based on ECC prefabricated assembled blocks as described in claim 5, characterized in that: When the pier cross-section is square, the reinforcement system consists of several reinforcement units arranged axially on the outer surface of the pier. Adjacent reinforcement units are spaced apart. Each reinforcement unit includes several layers of reinforcement sub-units that are stacked and interlocked. Each reinforcement sub-unit consists of multiple interlocking side fitting structures and four corner fitting structures. The reinforcement sub-units surround the outer perimeter of the pier and are bonded to the concrete surface of the pier. Adjacent reinforcement sub-units are interlocked by bottom locking blocks and top locking slots.

7. The bridge pier reinforcement system based on ECC prefabricated assembled blocks as described in claim 6, characterized in that: When the pier cross-section is square, the structure of the reinforcement unit and the gap between adjacent reinforcement units satisfy the following: the side fitting structure or corner fitting structure of the same longitudinal column can be pulled out sequentially from the gap below or above by disassembly, so as to replace the damaged side fitting structure or corner fitting structure in the column.

8. The bridge pier reinforcement system based on ECC prefabricated assembled blocks as described in claim 7, characterized in that: When the cross-section of the bridge pier is circular, the reinforcement system consists of several reinforcement units arranged axially on the outer surface of the bridge pier. Adjacent reinforcement units are spaced apart. Each reinforcement unit includes several layers of reinforcement sub-units that are stacked and interlocked. Each reinforcement sub-unit consists of several arc-shaped interlocking structures that surround the bridge pier and are interlocked with each other by side slots and side blocks. Adjacent reinforcement sub-units are interlocked with each other by top or bottom slots and bottom or top blocks. The reinforcement sub-units are bonded to the outer wall of the bridge pier.

9. A bridge pier reinforcement system based on ECC prefabricated blocks as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The reinforcement subunit is bonded to the outer surface of the bridge pier with high-strength structural epoxy resin adhesive.

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