Bridge net type intercepting anti-collision device

Abstract

The application discloses a bridge net type intercepting anti-collision device and relates to the technical field of bridge safety protection. The device comprises a fixing block and a buffer mechanism on the outermost side of the fixing block. The core function of the buffer mechanism is to absorb the initial impact energy when a ship initially contacts the device through its deformation and structural movement, to realize the first-stage buffer protection, and to reduce the impact force peak value. The three-stage elastic energy absorption structure of the buffer mechanism, the deceleration mechanism and the traction mechanism can realize the stepwise attenuation of the impact force, reduce the attenuation rate of the impact force of the device, effectively avoid the damage of the pier caused by excessive stress, the arc-shaped buffer plate can be designed according to the size of the pier to form the surrounding protection, the limitation of the single-point protection of the traditional flexible device is solved, the overall protection of the pier is realized, the high-strength steel is used for the key components, the service life is ensured, and the maintenance cost in the later period is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge safety protection technology, and in particular to a bridge mesh-type interception and anti-collision device. Background Technology

[0002] Bridges, as an important component of transportation infrastructure, play a crucial role in transportation. However, during their use, bridges frequently face the risk of accidental collisions with ships, especially those spanning rivers and lakes. Ship collisions are a significant factor leading to bridge structural damage, affecting bridge lifespan, and even causing safety accidents. Currently, existing bridge anti-collision devices are mainly divided into two categories: rigid anti-collision devices and flexible anti-collision devices. Rigid anti-collision devices typically use structures such as steel caissons and steel shafts, relying on their own rigidity to resist impact forces. While they can resist impacts to a certain extent, they suffer from poor buffering capacity. When subjected to large impact forces, they are not only prone to damage to the anti-collision devices themselves but may also transfer the large impact force to the main bridge structure, causing serious damage to the bridge. Flexible anti-collision devices mostly use rubber fenders and inflatable anti-collision rings, which have relatively better buffering performance. However, they generally suffer from limited interception range and insufficient tear resistance. When encountering large-tonnage ships or high-speed collisions, the anti-collision devices are prone to tearing and damage, failing to effectively block the impact of the colliding object on the bridge and failing to meet the high safety protection requirements of bridges.

[0003] Therefore, developing a bridge anti-collision device with good buffering performance, a large interception range, and strong tear resistance has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of bridge safety protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention proposes a bridge mesh-type interception and anti-collision device, which solves the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A bridge mesh-type interception and collision avoidance device includes a fixing block, and further includes:

[0007] The buffer mechanism, located on the outermost side of the fixed block, has the core function of absorbing the initial impact energy through its own deformation and structural movement when the ship and the device first come into contact, thus achieving the first level of buffer protection and reducing the peak impact force.

[0008] The deceleration mechanism, located inside the buffer mechanism and rigidly connected to it, is used to further dissipate impact energy and slow down the object's speed after it breaks through the initial protection of the buffer mechanism, through the tension of the mesh structure and the damping of the material, thus achieving a second level of deceleration protection.

[0009] The traction mechanism, located between the deceleration mechanism and the fixed block, provides stable installation support for the deceleration mechanism, ensuring the balance and stability of the overall structure of the device. On the other hand, when the deceleration mechanism is subjected to compression deformation, it provides tension traction through its own elastic structure, limiting excessive deformation of the deceleration mechanism and absorbing some energy, thus achieving third-level traction protection.

[0010] Furthermore, the buffer mechanism includes an arc-shaped buffer plate, with two sets of connecting plates rotatably connected to the inner side of the arc-shaped buffer plate. A reinforcing plate is fixedly connected between the two sets of connecting plates, and a slider is rotatably connected to one end of each set of connecting plates.

[0011] Furthermore, the deceleration mechanism includes a rubber steel plate, a buffer mesh chain plate is fixedly connected to one side of the rubber steel plate, a tension relief plate is fixedly connected to the other side of the buffer mesh chain plate, and multiple movable holes are arrayed on both sides of the tension relief plate, with both ends of the buffer mesh chain plate passing through and sleeved inside the movable holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the buffer mechanism also includes a first fixed plate and a second fixed plate fixedly connected to one side of the rubber steel plate. A limit plate is fixedly connected between the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate. The slider has a sliding hole at the limit plate. The limit plate is movably sleeved inside the sliding hole. An elastic steel plate is fixedly connected between the first fixed plate and the slider.

[0013] Furthermore, the traction mechanism includes multiple connecting plates symmetrically rotatably connected to one side of the fixed block. Reinforcing plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the multiple connecting plates. An mounting block is fixedly connected to the inner side of the reinforcing plate. An mounting arm is rotatably connected to one side of the mounting block. A first support plate is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting arm. An extension rod is fixedly connected to one side of the first support plate. A second support plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the extension rod. The multiple connecting plates are respectively hinged to both ends of the buffer mesh chain plate.

[0014] Furthermore, an extension sleeve is movably fitted on the outside of the extension rod, and a first resistance spring is fixedly connected inside the extension sleeve at the location corresponding to the second support plate. The first resistance spring is movably fitted inside the extension sleeve, and a second resistance spring is fixedly connected outside the extension sleeve at the location corresponding to the first support plate. The extension rod movably passes through the interiors of the first resistance spring and the second resistance spring, respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the arc-shaped buffer plate is made of wire mesh and reinforced with nylon rope inside, and the fixing block has multiple mounting holes arranged in an array.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] This invention, through the installation of a buffer mechanism, a deceleration mechanism, and a traction mechanism, utilizes a three-stage elastic energy-absorbing structure of "buffer mechanism + deceleration mechanism + traction mechanism" to achieve a stepped attenuation of impact force, reducing the device's attenuation rate of impact force and thus reducing the impact force transmitted to the bridge pier. This is far superior to rigid devices and traditional flexible devices, effectively preventing bridge pier damage due to excessive force. The arc-shaped buffer plate of the buffer mechanism can be designed to fit the size of the bridge pier, forming a surrounding protection. The buffer mesh chain plate of the deceleration mechanism adopts a mesh structure, increasing the coverage area on the side of the bridge pier, while intercepting the ship's body and small floating objects (such as driftwood, garbage, etc.), solving the limitation of "single-point protection" of traditional flexible devices and achieving comprehensive protection for the bridge pier, especially suitable for irregularly shaped or large-diameter bridge piers. The arc-shaped buffer plate of the buffer mechanism adopts a composite structure of "steel wire mesh + nylon rope", with a tear resistance of over 50kN / m, which can resist the scratches of sharp objects.

[0018] The deceleration mechanism's buffer chain plate adopts a composite structure of "metal chain + ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene mesh" with a tensile strength ≥300kN / m. Even if the mesh is damaged locally, the metal chain frame can still maintain basic interception capability to avoid overall failure. The key components of the traction mechanism and buffer mechanism are made of high-strength steel (Q345, 45# steel, spring steel, etc.), which has excellent fatigue resistance, ensures service life, and significantly reduces later maintenance costs.

[0019] In summary, this equipment not only achieves a stepped attenuation of impact force through a three-stage elastic energy absorption structure consisting of a buffer mechanism, a deceleration mechanism, and a traction mechanism, thus reducing the device's attenuation rate of impact force and effectively preventing damage to bridge piers due to excessive stress, but also features an arc-shaped buffer plate that can be designed to fit the size of the bridge pier, forming a surrounding protection. This overcomes the limitations of traditional flexible devices that only provide "single-point protection," achieving comprehensive protection for the bridge pier. Key components are made of high-strength steel, ensuring service life and significantly reducing subsequent maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of a bridge mesh interception and anti-collision device proposed in this invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the deceleration mechanism and traction mechanism of a bridge mesh interception and anti-collision device proposed in this invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a bottom-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the buffer mechanism of a bridge mesh interception and anti-collision device proposed in this invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is an exploded top view of the deceleration mechanism of a bridge mesh interception and anti-collision device proposed in this invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the traction mechanism of a bridge mesh interception and anti-collision device proposed in this invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Fixed block; 2. Buffer mechanism; 201. Arc-shaped buffer plate; 202. Linking plate; 203. Reinforcing plate; 204. Slider; 205. Limiting plate; 206. First fixed plate; 207. Elastic steel plate; 208. Second fixed plate; 3. Deceleration mechanism; 301. Rubber steel plate; 302. Buffer mesh chain plate; 303. Tension relief plate; 304. Movable hole; 4. Traction mechanism; 401. Connecting plate; 402. Reinforcing plate; 403. Mounting block; 404. Mounting arm; 405. First support plate; 406. Extension rod; 407. Second support plate; 408. Extension sleeve; 409. First resistance spring; 410. Second resistance spring. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to has a specific orientation, or is constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0028] Example, refer to Figures 1-5 A bridge mesh-type interception and anti-collision device includes a fixing block 1, and further includes:

[0029] The buffer mechanism 2 is located on the outermost side of the fixed block 1 (closest to the impact source). Its core function is to absorb the initial impact energy through its own deformation and structural movement when the ship and the device make initial contact, thereby achieving the first-level buffer protection and reducing the peak impact force. The buffer mechanism 2 includes an arc-shaped buffer plate 201. Two sets of linkage plates 202 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the arc-shaped buffer plate 201. Reinforcing plates 203 are fixedly connected between the two sets of linkage plates 202. A slider 204 is rotatably connected to one end of each of the two sets of linkage plates 202.

[0030] It is worth mentioning that the arc-shaped buffer plate 201, as the core contact component of the buffer mechanism 2, adopts a steel wire mesh structure (steel wire diameter is 8-12mm, mesh size is 50mm×50mm), and is filled with high-strength nylon rope (diameter is 10-15mm) for cross reinforcement, forming a "steel mesh + nylon rope" composite structure. The arc-shaped design (curvature radius is matched according to the diameter of the bridge pier, usually 1.5-3m) can increase the contact area with the impacting object and disperse the impact force. The steel wire mesh ensures the structural strength, while the nylon rope improves the tear resistance and deformation buffer space, avoiding the mesh plate from breaking due to excessive local stress.

[0031] Linkage plate 202: There are two sets, each set has 3 to 5 pieces (matching the size of the arc-shaped buffer plate), made of Q345 low alloy high strength steel (thickness is 10 to 15 mm). One end is rotatably connected to the inner side of the arc-shaped buffer plate 201 via a hinge, and the other end is rotatably connected to the slider 204. The function of the linkage plate 202 is to transfer the impact force received by the arc-shaped buffer plate to the slider, and at the same time, it adjusts the deformation angle of the buffer mechanism 2 by rotating itself to adapt to impacts from different directions.

[0032] The reinforcing plate 203 is fixedly connected between the two sets of connecting plates 202. It is made of the same material as the connecting plates (Q345 steel) and has a thickness of 12-18mm. It is arranged in an "X" shape to enhance the structural stability of the two sets of connecting plates, prevent the connecting plates from bending or breaking laterally when under stress, and improve the overall load-bearing capacity of the buffer mechanism 2.

[0033] The deceleration mechanism 3 is located inside the buffer mechanism 2 and is rigidly connected to the buffer mechanism 2. It is used to further consume the impact energy through the tension of the mesh structure and the material damping after the object breaks through the initial protection of the buffer mechanism 2, thereby slowing down the object's speed and achieving the second level of deceleration protection.

[0034] The traction mechanism 4 is located between the deceleration mechanism 3 and the fixed block 1. On the one hand, it provides stable installation support for the deceleration mechanism 3, ensuring the balance and stability of the overall structure of the device. On the other hand, when the deceleration mechanism 3 is squeezed and deformed, it provides tension traction through its own elastic structure, limiting the excessive deformation of the deceleration mechanism 3, and absorbing some energy to achieve the third level of traction protection.

[0035] In this invention, reference is made to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The deceleration mechanism 3 includes a rubber steel plate 301. A buffer mesh chain plate 302 is fixedly connected to one side of the rubber steel plate 301, and a tension relief plate 303 is fixedly connected to the other side of the buffer mesh chain plate 302. Multiple movable holes 304 are arrayed on both sides of the tension relief plate 303, and the two ends of the buffer mesh chain plate 302 are respectively sleeved inside the movable holes 304.

[0036] It is worth mentioning that the rubber steel plate 301 is made of natural rubber and steel plate composite (the rubber thickness is 20-30mm, and the internal Q235 steel plate is embedded with a thickness of 5-8mm). Its size is compatible with the fixing plate of the buffer mechanism 2 (size is 300mm×200mm). The rubber layer has high elasticity, which can further absorb impact energy, while the internal steel plate ensures structural rigidity and avoids excessive deformation of the rubber leading to failure. At the same time, it provides a fixed foundation for the buffer mesh chain plate 302.

[0037] The buffer net chain plate 302, as the core interception component of the deceleration mechanism 3, adopts a composite structure of "metal chain + high-strength nylon net". The metal chain is made of 20Mn2 alloy steel (chain link diameter is 15-20mm, pitch is 30-40mm) to form a mesh frame. The nylon net is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (tensile strength ≥300kN / m) and is woven and integrated with the metal chain to form a composite net of "rigid frame + flexible net". The two ends of the buffer net chain plate 302 pass through the movable holes 304 of the tension relief plate 303 and are hinged to the connecting plate 401 of the traction mechanism 4. Its function is to consume impact energy through the tension and deformation of the net, while using the mesh to intercept small floating objects and prevent them from entering the device and damaging the structure. The "chain + net" composite structure greatly improves the tear resistance and can resist the cutting of sharp objects.

[0038] The tension relief plate 303 is made of Q345 steel (400mm×300mm×15mm). Multiple movable holes 304 are arrayed on both sides (the hole diameter is 5-8mm larger than the diameter of the buffer mesh chain plate link, and the hole spacing is 50-80mm). The two ends of the buffer mesh chain plate 302 pass through the movable holes 304 and can move slightly within the holes. Its function is to adjust the local tension by moving the chain links within the movable holes 304 when the buffer mesh chain plate 302 is under tension, so as to avoid the buffer mesh chain plate 302 from breaking due to excessive local tension, achieve uniform tension distribution, and improve the overall impact resistance of the deceleration mechanism 3.

[0039] In this invention, reference is made to Figure 3 The buffer mechanism 2 also includes a first fixing plate 206 and a second fixing plate 208 fixedly connected to one side of the rubber steel plate 301. A limit plate 205 is fixedly connected between the first fixing plate 206 and the second fixing plate 208. A sliding hole is opened on the slider 204 corresponding to the limit plate 205. The limit plate 205 is movably sleeved inside the sliding hole. An elastic steel plate 207 is fixedly connected between the first fixing plate 206 and the slider 204.

[0040] It is worth mentioning that the slider 204 is made of No. 45 steel (length 80-120mm, width 50-80mm, thickness 20-30mm), and has sliding holes on its surface (the hole diameter is 2-3mm larger than that of the limiting plate 205 to ensure smooth sliding). It is fitted onto the limiting plate 205 through the sliding holes and can slide along the axis of the limiting plate. The core function of the slider 204 is to convert the impact force transmitted by the connecting plate 202 into linear motion along the limiting plate 205, and work with the elastic steel plate to achieve energy absorption and reset.

[0041] The limiting plate 205 is made of Q345 steel (diameter 20-30mm, length designed according to the buffer stroke, usually 200-300mm). Both ends are welded and fixed to the first fixing plate 206 and the second fixing plate 208 respectively to form a "fixed guide rail". Its function is to limit the movement direction of the slider 204, ensure that the slider 204 slides only along the axial direction, avoid the buffer mechanism 2 from deviating or jamming, and ensure the stable buffering effect.

[0042] Both the first fixing plate 206 and the second fixing plate 208 are made of Q345 steel (300mm×200mm×20mm in size). They are rigidly connected to the rubber steel plate 301 of the deceleration mechanism 3 by bolts (bolt specifications are M20-M24, and the spacing is 100-150mm). They provide fixed support for the limit plate 205 and the elastic steel plate 207, and at the same time realize the connection between the buffer mechanism 2 and the deceleration mechanism 3 to ensure the effective transmission of force.

[0043] The elastic steel plate 207 is made of 65Mn spring steel (thickness 8-12mm, width 50-80mm, length adapted to the limiting plate 205). One end is welded to the first fixed plate 206, and the other end is welded to the slider 204. Its core function is to generate elastic deformation when the slider 204 slides, absorb impact energy, and push the slider 204 to reset through its own elastic restoring force after the impact force disappears, so that the buffer mechanism 2 returns to the initial protective state and can be reused.

[0044] In this invention, reference is made to Figure 2 and Figure 5 The traction mechanism 4 includes multiple connecting plates 401 that are symmetrically rotatably connected to one side of the fixed block 1. Reinforcing plates 402 are fixedly connected to both sides of the multiple connecting plates 401. Mounting blocks 403 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the reinforcing plates 402. Mounting arms 404 are rotatably connected to one side of the mounting blocks 403. A first support plate 405 is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting arms 404. An extension rod 406 is fixedly connected to one side of the first support plate 405. A second support plate 407 is fixedly connected to the other end of the extension rod 406. The multiple connecting plates 401 are respectively hinged to both ends of the buffer net chain plate 302.

[0045] It is worth mentioning that the connecting plate 401 is made of Q345 steel (200mm×150mm×15mm in size), and there are 4 to 6 of them (adapted according to the circumference of the bridge pier). They are symmetrically distributed on one side of the fixed block 1. One end is rotatably connected to the fixed block 1 through a hinge, and the other end is hinged to both ends of the buffer mesh chain plate 302. Its function is to realize the flexible connection between the traction mechanism 4, the fixed block 1, and the deceleration mechanism 3, which can adapt to the impact force in different directions and avoid stress concentration caused by rigid connection of the structure.

[0046] The reinforcing plate 402 is made of Q345 steel (150mm×100mm×12mm in size) and is welded to both sides of the connecting plate 401 to form a "triangular support" structure, which enhances the bending resistance of the connecting plate, prevents the connecting plate from deforming or breaking under stress, and ensures the connection stability of the traction mechanism.

[0047] Mounting block 403 is made of No. 45 steel (100mm×80mm×25mm in size), welded to the inside of reinforcing plate 402, providing a rotation support point for mounting arm 404, and connected to mounting arm 404 by bolts (bolt specifications are M16-M20) to ensure that the mounting arm can rotate flexibly;

[0048] The mounting arm 404 is made of Q345 steel (150-200mm in length and 18-25mm in diameter). One end is rotatably connected to the mounting block 403, and the other end is welded and fixed to the first support plate 405. Its function is to transmit traction tension and adjust the traction direction by rotating itself to adapt to the deformation angle of the reducer mechanism 3, so as to ensure that the tension always acts in a reasonable direction.

[0049] In this invention, reference is made to Figure 5 An extension sleeve 408 is movably sleeved on the outside of the extension rod 406. A first resistance spring 409 is fixedly connected inside the extension sleeve 408 at the position corresponding to the second support plate 407. The first resistance spring 409 is movably sleeved inside the extension sleeve 408. A second resistance spring 410 is fixedly connected outside the extension sleeve 408 at the position corresponding to the first support plate 405. The extension rod 406 movably passes through the interiors of the first resistance spring 409 and the second resistance spring 410 respectively.

[0050] It is worth mentioning that:

[0051] Both the first support plate 405 and the second support plate 407 are made of Q345 steel (100mm×80mm×15mm in size) and are welded to both ends of the extension rod 406 to provide fixed support for the spring. The first support plate 405 is used to fix the second resistance spring 410, and the second support plate 407 is used to fix the first resistance spring 409, while preventing the spring from shifting when deformed.

[0052] The extension rod 406 is made of No. 45 steel (diameter 20-28mm, length 200-250mm), passes through the extension sleeve 408, and is welded at both ends to the first support plate 405 and the second support plate 407 respectively to form a "sliding shaft" structure, which can move axially within the extension sleeve 408 to provide travel space for spring deformation;

[0053] The extension sleeve 408 is made of Q345 steel (the inner diameter is 3-5mm larger than the diameter of the extension rod, and the length is 180-230mm). It has a hollow structure inside to accommodate the first resistance spring 409 and at the same time restrict the movement direction of the extension rod 406 to ensure that it slides only along the axial direction and avoids jamming of the traction mechanism 4.

[0054] Both the first resistance spring 409 and the second resistance spring 410 are made of 60Si2Mn spring steel (wire diameter 8-12mm, outer diameter 50-70mm, effective number of coils 8-12). The first resistance spring 409 is sleeved inside the extension sleeve 408, with its two ends abutting against the inner wall of the extension sleeve 408 and the second support plate 407, respectively. The second resistance spring 410 is sleeved outside the extension sleeve 408, with its two ends abutting against the outer wall of the extension sleeve 408 and the first support plate 405, respectively. The function of the double spring structure is: when the extension rod 406 slides, the two sets of springs deform simultaneously, absorbing the impact energy through the spring force, while providing bidirectional tension traction to limit the excessive deformation of the deceleration mechanism 3; after the impact, the spring restoring force drives the extension rod 406 back to the initial position, realizing the reuse of the traction mechanism 4.

[0055] In this invention, reference is made to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The arc-shaped buffer plate 201 is made of wire mesh and reinforced with nylon rope. The fixing block 1 has multiple mounting holes arranged in an array. The fixing block 1 is the "basic support component" of the device. It is precast with C30 concrete (the size is matched according to the size of the bridge pier, usually 500mm×500mm×500mm, with an internal steel reinforcement skeleton). Multiple mounting holes are arranged in an array on the surface (the hole diameter is 30-40mm, the hole depth is 100-150mm, and the spacing is 150-200mm). The fixing block 1 is rigidly connected to the bridge pier by expansion bolts (specifications are M24-M30), which provides a stable installation foundation for the entire anti-collision device and ensures that the device does not shift or fall off during impact.

[0056] (I) Installation process:

[0057] Installation of fixing blocks: Determine the number and placement of fixing blocks 1 according to the pier size (diameter of circular piers, side length of square piers) - 4 to 6 fixing blocks are usually evenly distributed along the perimeter of circular piers, and 1 to 2 fixing blocks are placed on each side of square piers. Drill holes at the designated positions on the pier using an impact drill (the hole diameter matches the installation hole of fixing block 1), insert expansion bolts, and tightly connect fixing blocks 1 to the pier to ensure that the fixing blocks fit snugly against the surface of the pier without any looseness.

[0058] Assembly and installation of traction mechanism 4:

[0059] First, the extension rod 406 is passed through the extension sleeve 408. The first resistance spring 409 is installed inside the extension sleeve, and the second resistance spring 410 is installed outside. Then, the first support plate 405 and the second support plate 407 are welded to both ends of the extension rod to form a "spring-rod-sleeve" assembly.

[0060] The mounting arm 404 is connected to the mounting block 403 by bolts. The mounting block 403 is welded to the inner side of the reinforcing plate 402, and the reinforcing plate 402 is welded to both sides of the connecting plate 401.

[0061] One end of the "spring-rod-sleeve" assembly is welded to the mounting arm 404, and the other end is hinged to the fixing block 1 via the connecting plate 401, ensuring that the connecting plate can rotate flexibly and the spring is in a naturally extended state (without pre-compression or pre-tension).

[0062] Assembly and installation of speed reduction mechanism 3:

[0063] Connect the rubber steel plate 301 and the buffer mesh chain plate 302 with bolts (bolt spacing is 100-150mm) to ensure that the mesh chain plate and the rubber steel plate are tightly fitted together.

[0064] Tension relief plates 303 are installed at both ends of the buffer mesh chain plate 302, so that the movable holes 304 of the tension relief plates pass through both ends of the mesh chain plate.

[0065] The rubber steel plate 301 is connected to the connecting plate 401 of the traction mechanism by bolts. The tension of the buffer net chain plate is adjusted to ensure that the net body is in a flat state without slack or excessive tightness.

[0066] Assembly and installation of buffer mechanism 2:

[0067] The two ends of the limiting plate 205 are welded to the first fixing plate 206 and the second fixing plate 208 respectively to form a "fixing plate-limiting plate" assembly;

[0068] Slider 204 is fitted onto limiting plate 205, and elastic steel plate 207 is welded to the first fixing plate 206 and slider 204 at both ends respectively.

[0069] One end of the connecting plate 202 is hinged to the slider 204, and the other end is hinged to the inner side of the arc-shaped buffer plate 201. The reinforcing plate 203 is welded between the two sets of connecting plates.

[0070] Finally, the first fixing plate 206, the second fixing plate 208 and the rubber steel plate 301 of the reduction mechanism 3 are fastened together with bolts to complete the installation of the entire device.

[0071] (II) Working principle of the device:

[0072] When a ship collides with a bridge pier, the device provides collision protection through a three-level protective synergy, as follows:

[0073] First stage: Buffer mechanism 2 initially absorbs energy;

[0074] The object first comes into contact with the arc-shaped buffer plate 201 of the buffer mechanism 2. The impact force causes the arc-shaped buffer plate 201 to deform. The wire mesh and the internal nylon rope absorb part of the initial energy through deformation, while the remaining impact force is transmitted to the linkage plate 202. The linkage plate is forced to rotate, pushing the slider 204 to slide along the axis of the limiting plate 205. During the sliding process, the slider 204 squeezes the elastic steel plate 207. The elastic steel plate undergoes elastic deformation, further absorbing the impact energy, reducing the peak impact force, and completing the initial buffering.

[0075] Second stage: Energy consumption of reduction mechanism 3;

[0076] If an object breaks through the initial protection of the buffer mechanism 2, the impact force is transmitted to the rubber steel plate 301 of the deceleration mechanism 3. The rubber layer absorbs some energy through deformation, and the internal steel plate transmits the remaining force to the buffer mesh chain plate 302. The metal frame of the buffer mesh chain plate 302 and the nylon mesh share the force, and the energy is consumed through the tension and deformation of the mesh. At the same time, the mesh holes intercept the object and slow down its movement speed. During this process, the two ends of the buffer mesh chain plate 302 move slightly within the movable holes 304 of the tension relief plate 303 to adjust the local tension and prevent the buffer mesh chain plate 302 from breaking, thus completing the deceleration protection.

[0077] Level 3: Traction mechanism tension protection;

[0078] When the deceleration mechanism 3 deforms, the mounting arm 404 of the traction mechanism is pulled to rotate through the connecting plate 401. The mounting arm 404 drives the extension rod 406 to slide along the extension sleeve 408. When the extension rod 406 slides, the first resistance spring 409 and the second resistance spring 410 are compressed or stretched at the same time, generating elastic resistance to absorb the remaining impact energy and provide reverse tension to limit the transitional deformation of the deceleration mechanism 3.

[0079] After the impact force disappears, the elastic steel plate 207 and the two sets of resistance springs push the slider 204 and the extension rod 406 to reset through the elastic restoring force, thereby driving the buffer mechanism 2 and the deceleration mechanism 3 back to their initial state, waiting for the next protection.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge net-type impact prevention device, comprising a fixing block (1), characterized in that, Also include: Buffer mechanism (2), in the outermost side of fixed block (1), the core role is when the ship and the device preliminary contact, through the deformation and structure movement to absorb the initial impact energy, realize the first level buffer protection, reduce the impact impact force peak; Deceleration mechanism (3), in the inner side of buffer mechanism (2), and buffer mechanism (2) rigid connection, for in object breakthrough buffer mechanism (2) preliminary protection after, through the tension and material damping of net structure to further consume impact energy, slow down the object movement speed, realize the second level deceleration protection; Traction mechanism (4), between deceleration mechanism (3) and fixed block (1), on the one hand, provide stable installation support for deceleration mechanism (3), ensure the balance and stability of the overall structure of the device, on the other hand, when the deceleration mechanism (3) is extruded, provide tension traction through the elastic structure, limit the excessive deformation of deceleration mechanism (3), at the same time, absorb part of the energy, realize the third level traction protection; The buffer mechanism (2) includes an arc-shaped buffer plate (201), the inner side of the arc-shaped buffer plate (201) is rotatably connected with two groups of connecting plates (202), two groups of the connecting plates (202) are respectively fixedly connected with reinforcing plates (203), and one end of each group of the connecting plates (202) is rotatably connected with a sliding block (204); The deceleration mechanism (3) includes a rubber steel plate (301), one side of the rubber steel plate (301) is fixedly connected with a buffer net chain plate (302), the other side of the buffer net chain plate (302) is fixedly connected with a tension relief plate (303), a plurality of movable holes (304) are arrayed on the two sides of the tension relief plate (303), and the two ends of the buffer net chain plate (302) are respectively penetrated and sleeved in the movable holes (304); The buffer mechanism (2) further includes a first fixed plate (206) and a second fixed plate (208) fixedly connected with one side of the rubber steel plate (301), the first fixed plate (206) and the second fixed plate (208) are fixedly connected with a limiting plate (205) therebetween, the sliding block (204) is provided with a sliding hole corresponding to the limiting plate (205), the limiting plate (205) is movably sleeved in the sliding hole, and the first fixed plate (206) and the sliding block (204) are fixedly connected with an elastic steel plate (207).

2. A bridge net-type crash barrier according to claim 1, characterized in that The traction mechanism (4) includes a plurality of connecting plates (401) rotatably connected with one side of the fixed block (1) in a symmetrical manner, a plurality of reinforcing plates (402) are fixedly connected with the two sides of the connecting plates (401), the inner side of the reinforcing plate (402) is fixedly connected with a mounting block (403), one side of the mounting block (403) is rotatably connected with a mounting arm (404), one side of the mounting arm (404) is fixedly connected with a first supporting plate (405), one side of the first supporting plate (405) is fixedly connected with an extension rod (406), the other end of the extension rod (406) is fixedly connected with a second supporting plate (407), and the two ends of the buffer net chain plate (302) are hinged with the plurality of connecting plates (401) respectively.

3. A bridge net impact fender system according to claim 2, wherein, The outer movable sleeve of the lengthening rod (406) is provided with a lengthening sleeve (408), the inside of the lengthening sleeve (408) is fixedly connected with a first resistance spring (409) at the position corresponding to the second support plate (407), the first resistance spring (409) is movably sleeved in the inside of the lengthening sleeve (408), the outside of the lengthening sleeve (408) is fixedly connected with a second resistance spring (410) at the position corresponding to the first support plate (405), and the lengthening rod (406) movably penetrates the inside of the first resistance spring (409) and the second resistance spring (410) respectively.

4. A bridge net impact fender system according to claim 1, wherein The arc-shaped buffer plate (201) is steel wire mesh, and is filled with nylon rope reinforcement in the inside, and a plurality of mounting fixing holes are arrayed and formed on the fixed block (1).

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