Quick connector, disassembly and assembly method, working device and engineering machinery

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick connector, a dismounting and mounting method, a working device and engineering machinery, the quick connector is suitable for quick switching of single-shaft accessories, the quick connector comprises a quick change main body and an accessory adapter, the quick change main body comprises a swing frame and an upper coupling base body, and the swing frame is connected with a first shaft of a bucket rod in the working device; the accessory adapter is used for being welded or assembled with a related accessory; wherein the upper coupling base body is internally provided with a power part, a connecting assembly and a locking shaft which are linked together, and the accessory adapter is provided with a locking hole used in cooperation with the locking shaft; when the upper coupling base body is in butt joint with the accessory adapter, the power component drives the locking shaft to extend out of the upper coupling base body through the connecting assembly and penetrate into the locking hole, and at the moment, the quick-change body and the accessory adapter are in a locking state. The power part drives the locking shaft to retract into the upper coupling base body through the connecting assembly, and at the moment, the quick-change body and the accessory adapter are in an unlocking state.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a quick connector capable of realizing quick switching of single-axis tools, and belongs to the field of quick-change devices of excavators. BACKGROUND

[0002] The quick connector applied to the connection of working tools realizes quick replacement between working tools of an excavator, greatly improves the replacement efficiency of working tools, and makes the replacement of tools more efficient, simple, safe and reliable, and the whole process can be completed by one person in the cab. However, with the increasingly wide application of special excavators-grabbing machines, the types of tools required by customers for the grabbing machines have also increased on a large scale. The commonly used quick connectors on the market are all double-axis connections, and the posture needs to be adjusted by the four-link mechanism of the excavator to realize the grabbing and releasing of the working tools. However, the front end of the grabbing machine has no four-link mechanism, and the matched tools are all single-axis connections. Therefore, there is no available quick connector product on the market that can realize the quick switching of single-axis tools. SUMMARY

[0003] According to the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a quick connector suitable for quick switching of single-axis tools, which has double locking and mechanical indication functions and is safe and reliable.

[0004] The present application is implemented according to the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present application provides a quick connector, comprising: a quick-change main body comprising a swing frame and an upper coupling base, wherein the swing frame is connected with a boom shaft in a working device; a tool adapter for welding or assembling with a related tool; wherein the upper coupling base is provided with a power component, a connecting assembly and a locking shaft connected together, and the tool adapter is provided with a locking hole matched with the locking shaft; When the upper coupling base and the tool adapter are connected together, the power component drives the locking shaft to extend from the upper coupling base and penetrate into the locking hole through the connecting assembly, at this time, the quick-change main body and the tool adapter are in a locked state; the power component drives the locking shaft to retract into the upper coupling base through the connecting assembly, at this time, the quick-change main body and the tool adapter are in an unlocked state.

[0005] In some embodiments, the upper coupling base comprises a cavity in the upper portion and a circular tube in the lower portion, and the circular tube horizontally penetrates through the entire cavity; the power component has a telescopic rod that makes linear reciprocating motion, and the power component is fixed in the cavity with the telescopic rod vertically downward; the middle region of the circular tube is provided with a gap that communicates with the cavity, and the telescopic rod is located above the gap; each of the left half tube and the right half tube of the circular tube has a locking shaft, and the telescopic rod is connected with the two locking shafts at the gap through a connecting assembly, and the two locking shafts are driven to move towards each other or away from each other along the axis of the circular tube through the telescopic rod.

[0006] In some embodiments, the connecting assembly comprises two guide blocks with special-shaped structures, and each guide block has three protrusions, the first protrusion is provided with a circular hole, the second protrusion is provided with an oblong hole I, and the third protrusion is provided with an oblong hole II; each side of the circular tube at the gap is fixed with an ear plate; the circular holes of the two guide blocks are respectively connected with the corresponding ear plates through hinging components, the oblong holes I of the two guide blocks are connected with the telescopic rod through hinging components, and the oblong holes II of the two guide blocks are connected with the corresponding locking shafts through hinging components; the hinging point of the telescopic rod moves in the oblong hole I of the two guide blocks, so that the guide blocks rotate around the circular holes, and the rotation of the guide blocks drives the oblong hole II of the guide blocks to move the locking shafts along the axis of the circular tube.

[0007] In some embodiments, the locking shafts can protrude from the locking holes by a preset length, and the protruding parts have a mechanical indication function, and the driver can determine whether the quick connector completes the hooking and releasing of the accessory by observing the protrusion or retraction of the locking shafts on both sides of the accessory adapter from the cab.

[0008] In some embodiments, the cavity is provided with two power components that are respectively fixed on the inner walls of two oppositely arranged side plates in the cavity, and two circular tubes are respectively and symmetrically fixed on the two sides of the bottom of the cavity; the accessory adapter is provided with four locking holes, and one locking hole corresponds to one locking shaft, and the four locking shafts are driven to move synchronously by the two power components.

[0009] In some embodiments, the accessory adapter comprises a bottom plate and a plurality of side plates that extend upward around the periphery of the bottom plate; the inner contour shape formed by the plurality of side plates is adapted to the outer contour shape of the upper coupling base at the part where the locking shafts are arranged, so that the part of the upper coupling base where the locking shafts are arranged can fall into the accessory adapter; the locking holes are arranged on the side plates.

[0010] In some embodiments, the top of the connection between each of the two adjacent side plates of the accessory adapter is provided with a guide groove, the guide groove is an L-shaped plate, and the upper portion of the L-shaped plate is inclined outward in a protruding manner from the side plate, and the upper coupling base descends along the guide groove of the accessory adapter.

[0011] In some embodiments, the front and rear positioning mechanism is provided between the upper coupling base and the tool adapter; The front and rear positioning mechanism is implemented in the following manner: The inner wall of the front and rear side plates of the tool adapter is fixed with a reinforcing plate coaxially arranged at the locking hole, the top of the reinforcing plate is provided with a guide chamfer I, and the axial end surface of the circular tube in the upper coupling base is provided with a guide chamfer II, when the quick-change main body is lowered, the inclined surface of the guide chamfer II falls along the inclined surface of the guide chamfer I, and finally a predetermined gap is reached between the axial end surface of the circular tube and the reinforcing plate; The left and right positioning mechanism is implemented in the following manner: The outer wall of the left and right side plates of the upper coupling base is provided with at least one adjusting plate I, the bottom of the adjusting plate I is provided with a guide chamfer III, and the inner wall of the left and right side plates of the tool adapter is provided with an adjusting plate II corresponding to the adjusting plate I, the top of the adjusting plate II is provided with a guide chamfer IV, when the quick-change main body is lowered, the inclined surface of the guide chamfer III falls along the inclined surface of the guide chamfer IV, and finally a predetermined gap is reached between the adjusting plate I and the adjusting plate II; The up and down positioning mechanism is implemented in the following manner: The bottom of the circumferential surface of the circular tube in the upper coupling base is provided with a stop plane, and the bottom plate of the tool adapter is provided with a stop seat, when the quick-change main body is lowered, the stop plane contacts the stop seat and is stopped.

[0012] In some embodiments, the quick-change main body further comprises a rotary reducer installed between the swing frame and the upper coupling base, which realizes the rotation function of the tool.

[0013] In a second aspect, the application provides a working device comprising a boom and a tool, wherein the boom and the tool are connected through the above-mentioned quick connector.

[0014] In a third aspect, the application provides an engineering machine provided with the above-mentioned quick connector; or, provided with the above-mentioned working device.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the application provides a disassembly and assembly method of the quick connector: Initial state: connect the quick-change main body with the boom shaft, lock the shaft completely in the quick-change main body, and adjust the position of the quick-change main body by the operator through the operation of the working device, so that it is located directly above the tool adapter, and the tool adapter is welded or assembled with the related tool; Locking state: the driver slowly drops the quick-change main body, and the quick-change main body is lowered along the guide groove of the tool adapter; the quick-change main body and the tool adapter are positioned in the left-right direction, the front-rear direction and the up-down direction through the stop structure; the driver drives the power component to extend the locking shaft out of the quick-change main body and into the locking hole, to complete the hooking of the tool adapter; at the same time, the driver can see the extended shaft end from the cab, to determine whether the quick-change main body has completed the hooking of the tool adapter. Unlocking state: the driver drives the power component to retract the locking shaft into the quick-change main body, to complete the release of the tool adapter; at the same time, the driver can see that the shaft end has been retracted from the cab, to determine whether the quick-change main body has completed the release of the tool adapter.

[0016] Advantages of the present application: 1. The quick connector cylinder rod up and down movement drives the guide block to drive the left and right locking shafts to extend or retract, thereby completing the switching of the lower end tool. At the same time, the structure principle can realize double locking function in machinery, when the oil cylinder fails, the locking shaft cannot be automatically retracted. Unless the same oil cylinder driven locking shaft is simultaneously subjected to inward pushing force at both ends, the connection point can be released.

[0017] 2. The quick connector has a mechanical indication function, the driver can observe the extension or retraction of the locking shaft end on both sides of the lower end tool adapter hinge hole from the inside of the cab, to determine whether the quick connector has completed the hooking and release of the tool.

[0018] 3. The quick connector and the tool adapter have a positioning structure, which can realize precise positioning of the single-axis quick connector and the adapter.

[0019] 4. The tool adapter is suitable for various tools and can be welded or assembled with the tool end.

[0020] 5. The quick connector can be optionally equipped with a rotation function, and the lower end tool can correspondingly cancel the rotation function, effectively reducing the cost of the lower end tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are part of this application, serve to further understand the present application, and the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions serve to explain the present application, but do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and other drawings can be obtained from these drawings by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor.

[0022] In the drawings: Figure 1 Working schematic diagram of the quick connector installed on a conventional excavator; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a fast connector structure in the prior art; Attached diagram labels: 101 stick, 102 connecting rod, 103 rocker arm, 104 bucket cylinder, 105 bucket, 106 cylinder, 107 quick connector, 108 working device connecting pin, 109 working device connecting pin.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the quick connector mounting attachment structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the quick-change main body structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the unlocked state of the quick-change main body from BB's perspective; Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the quick-change main body locking state structure from BB's perspective; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the attachment adapter structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the attachment adapter positioning structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the guide block structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical indicating function of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the front-to-back and upper-lower positioning structure of the quick-change body and attachment adapter of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the left-right and up-down positioning structure of the quick-change body and attachment adapter of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the quick-change main body structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0024] Attachment labels: 1 is the quick-change main body, 2 is the attachment adapter, 1-1 is the swing frame, 1-2 is the rotary reducer, 1-3 is the upper coupling base, 1-4 is the locking shaft, 1-5 is the hydraulic cylinder, 1-6 is the guide block, 1-3-1 is the side plate, 1-3-2 is the round tube, 1-3-3 is the ear plate, 1-3-4 is the adjusting plate, 1-3-2-1 is the stop plane, 1-3-2-2 is the guide chamfer, 2-1 is the locking hole, 2-2 is the stop seat, 2-3 is the reinforcing plate, 2-4 is the adjusting plate, 2-5 is the guide groove, 2-3-1 is the guide chamfer, 1-6-1 is the round hole, 1-6-2 is the oblong hole, 1-6-3 is the oblong hole.

[0025] It should be noted that the drawings and the written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way and are merely illustrating the inventive concept to those skilled in the art by reference to a particular embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application but not to limit the scope of the present application.

[0027] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0028] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1 , the quick connector on the market at present is connected with the dipper rod 101 and the connecting rod 102 of the excavator at the same time. The bucket cylinder 104 drives the rocker 103 and the connecting rod 102 to rotate to adjust the position of the quick connector 107, so that the quick connector 107 is accurately positioned, facilitating the hooking and releasing of the connecting pin shaft 108, 109 of the working device, and the working device in the embodiment is the bucket 105.

[0030] As shown in Figure 2 , the quick connector (with a cylinder 106 inside) commonly seen in the market is only suitable for the conventional excavator front end four connecting rod structure form, whether it is a grab pin or a latch. When the special excavator has no front end rocker and connecting rod, and matches a single shaft accessory, the structure form quick connector no longer has usability.

[0031] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 13 ,As shown, the present application provides a quick connector for facilitating quick switching of single-axis tools, which comprises a quick-change main body 1 and a tool adapter 2. The quick-change main body 1 comprises a swing frame 1-1 and an upper coupling base 1-3, and the swing frame 1-1 is connected with a boom shaft in a working device. The tool adapter 2 is used for welding or assembling with a related tool. The upper coupling base 1-3 is provided with a power component (preferably an oil cylinder 1-5), a connecting assembly and a locking shaft 1-4 which are linked together. The tool adapter 2 is provided with a locking hole 2-1 which is used in cooperation with the locking shaft 1-4. When the upper coupling base 1-3 is connected with the tool adapter 2, the power component (preferably the oil cylinder 1-5) drives the locking shaft 1-4 to extend from the upper coupling base 1-3 and penetrate into the locking hole 2-1 through the connecting assembly. At this time, the quick-change main body 1 and the tool adapter 2 are in a locked state. The power component (preferably the oil cylinder 1-5) drives the locking shaft 1-4 to retract into the upper coupling base 1-3 through the connecting assembly. At this time, the quick-change main body 1 and the tool adapter 2 are in an unlocked state.

[0032] The specific structure of the upper coupling base is further described below.

[0033] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 13 , the upper coupling base 1-3 comprises an upper cavity and a lower circular tube 3-2, and the circular tube 3-2 horizontally penetrates through the entire cavity. The oil cylinder 1-5 has a cylinder rod which moves linearly and repeatedly. The cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder 1-5 is fixed in the cavity, and the cylinder rod is vertically downward. The middle region of the circular tube 3-2 is provided with a notch which is in communication with the cavity, and the cylinder rod of the oil cylinder 1-5 is located above the notch. The left half tube and the right half tube of the circular tube 3-2 each have a locking shaft 1-4. The cylinder rod is connected with the two locking shafts 1-4 at the notch through the connecting assembly. The two locking shafts 1-4 are driven to move towards each other or away from each other along the axis direction of the circular tube 3-2 by the moving cylinder rod.

[0034] Further solutions are shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 13 . Two oil cylinders 1-5 are arranged in the cavity and are respectively fixed on the inner walls of the left and right side plates 1-3-1 in the cavity. Two circular tubes 1-3-2 are respectively fixed on both sides of the bottom of the cavity. The tool adapter 2 is provided with four locking holes 2-1, and one locking hole 2-1 corresponds to one locking shaft 1-4. The four locking shafts 1-4 are driven to move synchronously by the two oil cylinders 1-5.

[0035] It should be noted that the up and down movement of the cylinder rod of the oil cylinder 1-5 drives the guide block 1-6 to drive the left and right locking shafts 1-4 to extend or retract on the left and right sides, thereby completing the switching of the lower end accessory. At the same time, the structure principle can realize double locking function on the machine, when the oil cylinder 1-5 fails, the locking shaft 1-4 cannot be automatically retracted. Unless the same oil cylinder driven locking shaft 1-4 is simultaneously subjected to inward pushing force at both ends, the interface point can be released.

[0036] The specific structure of the above connecting assembly is further described below.

[0037] As shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 , the connecting assembly includes two guide blocks 1-6 with special shapes, the guide block 1-6 has three protruding parts, the first protruding part is provided with a round hole 1-6-1, the second protruding part is provided with an oblong hole 1-6-2, and the third protruding part is provided with an oblong hole 1-6-3; the two sides of the gap of the circular tube 1-3-2 are respectively fixed with an ear plate 1-3-3; the round holes 1-6-1 of the two guide blocks 1-6 are respectively connected with the corresponding ear plates 1-3-3 through the hinge parts (using pin shaft and split pin, or using bolt and nut); the oblong holes 1-6-2 of the two guide blocks 1-6 are connected with the cylinder rod through the hinge parts (using pin shaft and split pin, or using bolt and nut); the oblong holes 1-6-3 of the two guide blocks 1-6 are connected with the fixing holes of the corresponding locking shafts 1-4 through the hinge parts (using pin shaft and split pin, or using bolt and nut); the hinge point of the cylinder rod moves in the oblong hole 1-6-2 of the two guide blocks 1-6, so that the guide block 1-6 rotates around the round hole 1-6-1, and the rotation of the guide block 1-6 drives the oblong hole 1-6-3 of the guide block 1-6 to move the locking shaft 1-4 along the axis direction of the circular tube 1-3-2.

[0038] It should be noted that one oil cylinder 1-5 is connected with two guide blocks 1-6 respectively, and each guide block is connected with one locking shaft 1-4 respectively.

[0039] Further scheme, as shown in Figure 10 , the locking shaft 1-4 can extend a predetermined length from the locking hole 2-1, the extended part has a mechanical indication function, the driver can observe the extension or retraction of the locking shaft 1-4 on both sides of the accessory adapter 2 from the cab to determine whether the quick connector completes the hooking and releasing of the accessory.

[0040] The specific structure of the above accessory adapter is further described below.

[0041] As shown in Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown in the figure, the tool adapter 2 comprises a bottom plate and a plurality of side plates extending upward around the periphery of the bottom plate; the inner contour shape formed by the plurality of side plates is adapted to the outer contour shape of the upper coupling base 1-3 at the part provided with the locking shaft 1-4, so that the upper coupling base 1-3 can be fitted into the tool adapter 2 at the part provided with the locking shaft 1-4; the locking hole 2-1 is arranged on the side plate.

[0042] Further, as shown in the figure, Figure 7 , Figure 8 the top of the joint between any two adjacent side plates of the tool adapter 2 is provided with a guide groove 2-5, which is an L-shaped plate, and the upper part of the L-shaped plate is inclined outward in a manner protruding from the side plate; the upper coupling base 1-3 descends along the guide groove 2-5 of the tool adapter 2.

[0043] Further, since the quick connector is a single-axis connection, it cannot be precisely positioned by a four-bar linkage mechanism. Therefore, in order to enable the quick-change main body 1 to quickly position the tool adapter 2, a front-rear positioning mechanism, a left-right positioning mechanism and an up-down positioning mechanism are provided between the upper coupling base 1-3 and the tool adapter 2.

[0044] As shown in the figure, Figure 8 , Figure 11 the front-rear positioning mechanism is implemented in the following manner: the inner wall of the front and rear side plates of the tool adapter 2 is fixed with a reinforcing plate 2-3 coaxially arranged at the locking hole 2-1, the top of the reinforcing plate 2-3 is provided with a guide chamfer 2-3-1, and the bottom of the axial end face of the circular tube 1-3-2 in the upper coupling base 1-3 is provided with a guide chamfer 1-3-2-2; when the quick-change main body 1 descends, the slope of the guide chamfer 1-3-2-2 falls along the slope of the guide chamfer 2-3-1 and finally a small gap is achieved between the axial end face of the circular tube 1-3-2 and the reinforcing plate 2-3, thereby ensuring the front-rear positioning of the quick-change main body 1 and the tool adapter 2.

[0045] As shown in the figure, Figure 8 , Figure 12 the left-right positioning mechanism is implemented in the following manner: the outer wall of the left and right side plates 1-3-1 of the upper coupling base 1-3 is respectively provided with at least one adjusting plate 1-3-4, the bottom of the adjusting plate 1-3-4 is provided with a guide chamfer or a welded dovetail, and the inner wall of the left and right side plates of the tool adapter 2 is provided with an adjusting plate 2-4 corresponding to the adjusting plate 1-3-4, the top of the adjusting plate 2-4 is provided with a guide chamfer or a welded dovetail; when the quick-change main body 1 descends, the slope of the guide chamfer or the welded dovetail of the adjusting plate 1-3-4 slowly falls along the slope of the guide chamfer or the welded dovetail of the adjusting plate 2-4 and finally a small gap is achieved between the adjusting plate 1-3-4 and the adjusting plate 2-4, thereby ensuring the left-right positioning of the quick-change main body 1 and the tool adapter 2.

[0046] As shown in the figure,Figure 8 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, the upper and lower positioning mechanism is implemented in the following way: the bottom of the circumferential surface of the circular tube 1-3-2 in the upper coupling base 1-3 is provided with a stop plane 1-3-2-1, and the bottom plate of the attachment adapter 2 is provided with a stop seat 2-2. When the quick-change body 1 descends, the stop plane 1-3-2-1 stops after contacting the stop seat 2-2, thus ensuring the upper and lower positioning of the quick-change body 1 and the attachment adapter 2.

[0047] Further options, such as Figure 4 , Figure 13 As shown, the quick-change body 1 also includes a rotary reducer 1-2, which is installed between the swing frame 1-1 and the upper coupling base 1-3 to realize the rotation function of the attachment.

[0048] It should be noted that this quick connector is optionally equipped with a rotation function, and the rotation function of the lower attachment can be cancelled accordingly, effectively reducing the cost of the lower attachment.

[0049] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 3 -Appendix Figure 13 As shown, the assembly and disassembly methods of the above-mentioned quick connectors are given.

[0050] I. Initial State: The quick-change body 1 is connected to the boom shaft of the grabber. Initially, the hydraulic cylinder 1-5 is fully retracted, and the locking shaft 1-4 is fully positioned within the circular tube 1-3-2 of the upper coupling base 1-3. The operator adjusts the position of the quick-change body 1 by operating the working device, positioning it directly above the attachment adapter 2. The attachment adapter 2 can be welded or assembled with relevant attachments. The quick-change body 1 has a rotation function, therefore the lower attachment of the attachment adapter 2 can have its corresponding rotation function disabled.

[0051] II. Locking state: the driver slowly drops the quick-change main body 1, the four corners of the upper part of the tool adapter 2 have outwardly angled guide grooves 2-5, and the quick-change main body 1 descends along the guide grooves 2-5 of the tool adapter 2. The two side end faces of the circular tube 1-3-2 are below guide chamfers 1-3-2-2, and the upper part of the reinforcing plate 2-3 of the tool adapter 2 has a guide chamfer 2-3-1. When the quick-change main body 1 is descending, the inclined surfaces of the guide chamfers 1-3-2-2 of the front and rear circular tubes 1-3-2 slowly descend along the inclined surfaces of the guide chamfer 2-3-1 of the reinforcing plate 2-3 of the tool adapter 2 and finally reach a small gap, ensuring the positioning of the front and rear of the quick-change main body 1 and the tool adapter 2; the outer wall of the left and right side plates 1-3-1 of the quick-change main body 1 has four adjusting plates 1-3-4, and the inner wall of the left and right side plates of the tool adapter 2 also has four adjusting plates 2-4 corresponding thereto, and guide chamfers or welded dovetails are respectively arranged below the adjusting plates 1-3-4 and above the adjusting plates 2-4. When the quick-change main body 1 is descending, the inclined surfaces of the guide chamfers or welded dovetails below the left and right adjusting plates 1-3-4 slowly descend along the inclined surfaces of the guide chamfers or welded dovetails above the left and right adjusting plates 2-4 of the tool adapter 2 and finally reach a small gap, ensuring the positioning of the left and right of the quick-change main body 1 and the tool adapter 2; the lower part of the circular tube 1-3-2 has a stop plane 1-3-2-1, and the bottom plate of the tool adapter 2 has a stop seat 2-2. When the quick-change main body 1 is descending, the lower stop plane 1-3-2-1 of the circular tube 1-3-2 contacts the upper surface of the stop seat 2-2 of the tool adapter 2 to stop, ensuring the positioning of the upper and lower of the quick-change main body 1 and the tool adapter 2. At this time, the quick-change main body 1 and the tool adapter 2 complete the positioning in all directions through the stop structure, and the four locking shafts 1-4 of the quick-change main body 1 are in a state of substantially aligning with the four locking holes 2-1 of the tool adapter 2. The driver drives the oil cylinder 1-5 to extend, the cylinder rod hinge point of the oil cylinder 1-5 moves in the long circular hole 1-6-2 of the guide block 1-6, so that the guide block 1-6 rotates around the circular hole 1-6-1, and the rotation of the guide block 1-6 drives the long circular hole 1-6-3 of the guide block 1-6 to drive the locking shaft 1-4 to extend to both sides along the axis direction of the circular tube 1-3-2. The locking shaft 1-4 extending from the circular tube 1-3-2 simultaneously extends into the locking hole 2-1 of the tool adapter 2, completing the hooking of the tool adapter 2. At the same time, the quick connector has a mechanical indication function, and the driver can see the extended shaft end from the cab to determine whether the quick-change main body 1 has completed the hooking of the tool adapter 2 in place.

[0052] III. Unlocked state: the driver drives the oil cylinder 1-5 to retract, the cylinder rod hinge point of the oil cylinder 1-5 moves in the long circular hole 1-6-2 of the guide block 1-6, so that the guide block 1-6 rotates around the circular hole 1-6-1, and meanwhile the rotation of the guide block 1-6 drives the long circular hole 1-6-3 of the guide block 1-6 to retract the locking shaft 1-4 along the axis direction of the circular tube 1-3-2 to the inside. The locking shaft 1-4 is retracted from the locking hole 2-1 of the tool adapter 2 into the circular tube 1-3-2, and the release of the tool adapter 2 is completed. Meanwhile, the quick connector has a mechanical indication function, and the driver can see from the driver's cabin that the shaft end has been retracted, so as to determine whether the quick change main body 1 has been released to the tool adapter 2.

[0053] In summary, the present application provides a quick connector, which realizes the following functions and effects: 1. The up and down movement of the cylinder rod of the quick connector drives the guide block to drive the left and right locking shafts to realize the extension or retraction of the left and right sides, so as to complete the switching of the lower end tool. Meanwhile, the structure principle can realize double locking function mechanically, when the oil cylinder fails, the locking shaft cannot be retracted automatically. Unless the same oil cylinder driven locking shaft is simultaneously subjected to the inward pushing force at both ends, the docking point can be loosened.

[0054] 2. The quick connector has a mechanical indication function, and the driver can observe the extension or retraction of the locking shaft end on both sides of the lower end tool adapter hinge hole from the inside of the driver's cabin, to determine whether the quick connector has completed the hooking and releasing of the tool.

[0055] 3. The quick connector and the tool adapter have a positioning structure, which can realize precise positioning of the single-axis quick connector and the adapter.

[0056] 4. The tool adapter is suitable for various tools and can be welded or assembled with the tool end.

[0057] 5. The quick connector can be optionally provided with a rotary function, and the lower end tool can correspondingly cancel the rotary function, effectively reducing the cost of the lower end tool.

[0058] The working device provided by the present application is described below, and the working device described below can be correspondingly referred to the quick connector described above.

[0059] The working device provided by the present application can include the quick connector described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0060] The beneficial effects achieved by the working device provided by the present application are consistent with the beneficial effects achieved by the quick connector provided by the present application, and therefore will not be described here.

[0061] The construction machine provided by the present application will be described below, and the construction machine described below can be referred to the working device described above.

[0062] The construction machine provided by the present application can comprise the working device according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0063] The beneficial effects achieved by the construction machine provided by the present application are consistent with the beneficial effects achieved by the working device provided by the present application, and thus will not be described here.

[0064] It should be noted that the construction machine described above can be a grab.

[0065] In the specification provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it can be understood that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In some examples, well-known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail in order not to obscure the understanding of the present specification.

[0066] In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features contained in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of features of different embodiments also means to be within the protection scope of the present application and form different embodiments. For example, in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can use in a combined manner according to the known technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved by the present application.

[0067] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Although the present application has been disclosed as above with the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any skilled person in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above-mentioned technical content as equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application are still within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A quick connector, characterized by The utility model relates to a quick connector, which comprises a quick-change main body and a tool adapter. The quick-change main body comprises a swing frame and an upper coupling base, and the swing frame is connected with a boom shaft in a working device. The tool adapter is used for welding or assembling with a relevant tool. The upper coupling base is provided with power components, connecting assemblies and locking shafts connected together. When the upper coupling base and the tool adapter are connected together, the power components drive the locking shafts to extend from the upper coupling base and penetrate into the locking holes through the connecting assemblies. At this time, the quick-change main body and the tool adapter are in a locked state. The power components drive the locking shafts to retract into the upper coupling base through the connecting assemblies. At this time, the quick-change main body and the tool adapter are in an unlocked state.

2. The quick connector according to claim 1, wherein the upper coupling base comprises an upper cavity and a lower circular tube, and the circular tube horizontally penetrates through the entire cavity. The power components are provided with a telescopic rod for linear reciprocating motion, and the power components are fixed in the cavity, and the telescopic rod is vertically downward. The middle region of the circular tube is provided with a notch in communication with the cavity, and the telescopic rod is located above the notch. The left half tube and the right half tube of the circular tube are each provided with a locking shaft, the telescopic rod is connected with the two locking shafts at the notch through connecting assemblies, and the two locking shafts are driven to move towards each other or away from each other along the axis direction of the circular tube through the telescopic rod.

3. The quick connector according to claim 2, wherein the connecting assemblies comprise two guide blocks with special shapes, the guide blocks are provided with three protrusions, the first protrusion is provided with a circular hole, the second protrusion is provided with a long circular hole I, and the third protrusion is provided with a long circular hole II. Each of the two guide blocks is connected with a corresponding ear plate through a hinged part at both sides of the notch of the circular tube. The long circular holes I of the two guide blocks are connected with the telescopic rod through a hinged part, and the long circular holes II of the two guide blocks are connected with the corresponding locking shafts through a hinged part. The hinged point of the telescopic rod moves in the long circular holes I of the two guide blocks, so that the guide blocks rotate around the circular hole, and the rotation of the guide blocks drives the long circular holes II of the guide blocks to drive the locking shafts to move along the axis direction of the circular tube.

4. The quick connector according to claim 2, wherein the locking shafts can extend from the locking holes by a preset length, and the extended parts have a mechanical indication function. The driver can observe the extension or retraction of the locking shafts on both sides of the tool adapter from the driver's cabin to determine whether the quick connector completes the hooking and releasing of the tool.

5. The quick connector according to claim 2, wherein the cavity is provided with two power components, which are respectively fixed on the inner walls of two oppositely arranged side plates in the cavity. The two circular tubes are respectively and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the bottom of the cavity, the tool adapter is provided with four locking holes, and one locking hole corresponds to one locking shaft. The four locking shafts are driven to move synchronously by the two power components.

6. The quick connector according to claim 1, The tool adapter comprises a bottom plate and a plurality of side plates extending upward around the periphery of the bottom plate; the inner contour shape of the plurality of side plates is adapted to the outer contour shape of the upper coupling base at the part provided with the locking shaft, so that the upper coupling base at the part provided with the locking shaft can be fitted into the tool adapter; and the locking hole is arranged on the side plate.

7. The quick connector of claim 6, wherein: The top of the connection between any two adjacent side plates of the tool adapter is provided with a guide groove, the guide groove is an L-shaped plate, and the upper part of the L-shaped plate is inclined outward in a protruding manner from the side plate, and the upper coupling base descends along the guide groove of the tool adapter.

8. The quick connector of claim 6, wherein: The front and rear positioning mechanisms, the left and right positioning mechanisms, and the up and down positioning mechanisms are provided between the upper coupling base and the tool adapter; The front and rear positioning mechanisms are implemented in the following manner: The inner wall of the front and rear side plates of the tool adapter is fixed with a reinforcing plate coaxially arranged at the locking hole, the top of the reinforcing plate is provided with a guide chamfer I, the bottom of the axial end face of the circular tube in the upper coupling base is provided with a guide chamfer II, when the quick-change main body descends, the inclined surface of the guide chamfer II descends along the inclined surface of the guide chamfer I and finally a predetermined gap is achieved between the axial end face of the circular tube and the reinforcing plate; The left and right positioning mechanisms are implemented in the following manner: The outer wall of the left and right side plates of the upper coupling base is provided with at least one adjusting plate I, the bottom of the adjusting plate I is provided with a guide chamfer III, the inner wall of the left and right side plates of the tool adapter is provided with an adjusting plate II corresponding to the adjusting plate I, the top of the adjusting plate II is provided with a guide chamfer IV, when the quick-change main body descends, the inclined surface of the guide chamfer III descends along the inclined surface of the guide chamfer IV and finally a predetermined gap is achieved between the adjusting plate I and the adjusting plate II; The up and down positioning mechanisms are implemented in the following manner: The bottom of the circumferential surface of the circular tube in the upper coupling base is provided with a stop plane, the bottom plate of the tool adapter is provided with a stop seat, and when the quick-change main body descends, the stop plane contacts the stop seat and is stopped.

9. The quick connector of claim 1, wherein: The quick-change main body further comprises a rotary reducer installed between the swing frame and the upper coupling base, which realizes the rotation function of the tool.

10. A working device comprising a boom and a tool, characterized in that: The boom and the tool are connected through the quick connector of any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. An engineering machine, characterized in that: The quick connector of any one of claims 1 to 9 is installed; or the working device of claim 10 is installed.

12. A disassembly and assembly method of a quick connector, characterized in that: In the initial state, the quick-change main body is connected with the boom shaft, the locking shaft is completely placed in the quick-change main body, the driver adjusts the position of the quick-change main body by operating the working device, so that the quick-change main body is located directly above the tool adapter, and the tool adapter is welded or assembled with the related tool. Locking state: the driver slowly drops the quick-change main body, and the quick-change main body is lowered along the guide groove of the tool adapter; the quick-change main body and the tool adapter are positioned in the left-right direction, the front-rear direction and the up-down direction through the stop structure; the driver drives the power component to extend the locking shaft out of the quick-change main body and into the locking hole, to complete the hooking of the tool adapter; at the same time, the driver can see the extended shaft end from the cab, to determine whether the quick-change main body has completed the hooking of the tool adapter in place. Unlocking state: the driver drives the power component to retract the locking shaft into the quick-change main body, to complete the release of the tool adapter; at the same time, the driver can see that the shaft end has been retracted from the cab, to determine whether the quick-change main body has completed the release of the tool adapter in place.

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