Vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device, and belongs to the field of high-altitude wind energy utilization, the vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device comprises a power generation device vehicle-mounted box, the power generation device vehicle-mounted box is internally provided with a motor, a speed reducer, a winding drum, an energy storage flywheel, a planetary gear speed increaser and a power generator in sequence from left to right; a mooring rope is wound and unwound on the outer surface of the winding drum, a kite posture control device is fixedly connected to the top end of the mooring rope, and a kite body is connected to the upper portion of the kite posture control device; high-altitude wind energy captured by the kite body drives the generator to output electric energy. Wind energy in a high-altitude area is captured by means of high-altitude 8-shaped track movement of the kite body, the kite has two movement modes, when the kite moves upwards, the mooring rope drives the winding drum, the winding drum drives the energy storage flywheel through the rotating shaft, the flywheel drives the speed increaser through the rotating shaft, and the speed increaser drives the power generator through the rotating shaft to achieve efficient power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-altitude wind energy utilization technology, and more particularly to a device that generates electricity from the ground by using a tethered kite to move in a figure-eight trajectory. As an economical and efficient alternative to traditional wind energy, this device falls within the intersection of renewable and clean energy technologies. It captures stable high-altitude wind energy using a tethered kite and converts it into electricity. Mounted on a transport vehicle, this device is suitable for microgrid scenarios and distributed energy systems, including remote areas, temporary power supply, and off-grid installations. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, mainstream wind power technology is still mainly based on horizontal axis wind turbines. Its technical framework relies on blades, gearboxes, generators, tall towers, complex control systems, strict geographical space requirements, and high costs. It has many key bottlenecks and cannot meet the demand for efficient and flexible energy supply.

[0003] The utilization of high-altitude wind energy is severely insufficient: the hub height of traditional onshore wind turbines is generally ≤200 meters, which can only capture low-altitude wind energy, while the wind energy density at an altitude of 500-1000 meters can be up to 4 times that at ground level, and the wind speed is highly stable (daily fluctuation ≤±10%). Existing technologies have a utilization rate of less than 5% for wind energy in this area. Although kite-based power generation technologies such as KiteGen and Makani have attempted to break through the height limit, they have problems such as low cable control accuracy (trajectory deviation ≥±15°) and poor equipment durability (lifespan of core components ≤2000 hours), making it difficult to promote commercially.

[0004] Low energy conversion efficiency and low economy: Traditional doubly-fed generators have a mechanical loss rate of ≥8% and require an energy storage system accounting for more than 20% of the total investment to smooth out power output fluctuations; the energy recovery energy consumption of existing kite power generation technology is >20% (high power loss during the rope winding stage), resulting in a cost per kilowatt-hour that is 30% higher than that of traditional wind turbines, making it lack market competitiveness.

[0005] Deployment and cost pressures are prominent: traditional wind turbines require the construction of tall towers (single tower cost ≥ 1.5 million yuan) and occupy a large area (single unit requires ≥ 500 square meters), making them difficult to adapt to complex terrains (such as mountains and plateaus) and lacking mobility and flexibility; the localization rate of core components such as carbon fiber blades and high-end main shaft bearings is only 70%, and reliance on imports leads to a significant impact of raw material price fluctuations on the cost of electricity generation per unit (fluctuation range ≥ ±8%).

[0006] Poor grid stability and equipment reliability: The daily output of low-altitude (≤200 meters) wind power can fluctuate by ±30%, and the low voltage ride-through capability is insufficient. It is necessary to rely on long-term energy storage systems such as pumped storage and hydrogen energy for peak shaving, which has high supporting costs. At the same time, the failure rate of traditional wind turbine blade cracks and gearbox failures is ≥20%, and the efficiency of manual inspection is low. The popularization rate of intelligent detection technologies such as YOLOv10 is less than 30%, which further exacerbates the operation and maintenance pressure. In extreme environments such as typhoons and coastal salt spray, the blade breakage rate is 3 times higher than that in normal environments, the unit life is shortened by 30%, and the risk resistance is weak.

[0007] Existing technologies have not yet formed an integrated solution of "efficient high-altitude wind energy capture + flexible deployment + low-cost conversion". Therefore, there is a need for a vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device that can overcome height limitations, simplify the structure, and improve efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device. Through an integrated design of "high-altitude kite capture + vehicle-mounted integration + high-efficiency transmission + stable-speed energy storage", it solves the problems of "low utilization rate of high-altitude wind energy, poor deployment flexibility, low energy conversion efficiency, and insufficient grid stability" in traditional wind power.

[0009] Technical Solution: To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, more specifically, a vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device, comprising:

[0010] The generator unit vehicle-mounted box is used to rigidly connect all functional components such as kite components (including kite attitude control device), energy storage flywheel, and electric motor to the vehicle. It can counteract the overturning moment generated by the kite's pull (maximum anti-overturning moment ≥120kN·m). The height after folding is ≤0.8m, which does not affect the normal driving of the vehicle. At the same time, the generator unit vehicle-mounted box can be moved to other vehicles, which has flexibility and assemblability.

[0011] The generator's onboard box contains, from left to right, an electric motor, a reducer, a drum, an energy storage flywheel, a planetary gear speed increaser, and a generator.

[0012] The kite body is made of domestically produced T700 grade carbon fiber composite material, with a wingspan of ≥8m, a windward area of ​​≥25㎡, and structural strength to withstand level 12 winds (elongation at break ≤1.8%).

[0013] The kite attitude control device includes an RS485 wind speed sensor (measurement range 0-40m / s, accuracy ±0.3m / s), a LoRa wireless controller (communication distance ≥1500 meters, delay ≤100ms), and a multi-degree-of-freedom angle adjuster (angle of attack adjustment range ±30°, heading adjustment range ±180°). It can collect high-altitude wind speed and direction data in real time, generate control commands to adjust the kite's angle of attack and heading, ensure that the kite maintains an "8" shaped trajectory (trajectory deviation ≤±5°), and maximize the capture of wind energy.

[0014] The tethering rope is woven from ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, with a diameter ≥20mm, a tensile strength ≥500kN, and a weight ≤150g / m, enabling stable deployment and retrieval at heights of 500-1000 meters.

[0015] The electric motor, reducer, drum, energy storage flywheel, planetary gear speed increaser, and generator are all connected by couplings or drive shafts.

[0016] Reducer: It is a planetary gear single-stage transmission reducer with a reduction ratio of 6:1 (to adapt to the drum and subsequent transmission requirements). It has both deceleration and braking functions. When the drum speed is >15rpm, the braking module can reduce the speed to a safe range (≤18rpm) within 10 seconds to avoid overloading the mooring rope.

[0017] Drum: Forged from No. 45 steel, with a diameter of 0.5m and a length of 1m, and a maximum rope capacity of ≥1200 meters. The kinetic energy of the kite can be converted into the mechanical rotational kinetic energy of the drum by the winding and unwinding of the mooring rope (rated speed 10-15 rpm); the drum is equipped with a drum clutch at both the left and right ends.

[0018] Energy storage flywheel: Made of high-strength carbon fiber composite material, with a rotational inertia of 65 kg·m. 2 The operating speed is 1500-2000 rpm. It is connected in series between the drum and the planetary gear speed increaser. It can absorb ±20% speed fluctuation of the transmission system and the output speed stability deviation is ≤±5%. The right end of the energy storage flywheel is equipped with a flywheel clutch.

[0019] Planetary gear speed increaser: It adopts a two-stage NGW type structure of "two-stage planetary transmission + one-stage parallel shaft fixed shaft transmission", with a design power of 2500KW and a total gear transmission ratio of 106:1. It can accurately increase the low speed of 10-15rpm input from the drum to the rated speed of 1174rpm required by the generator. The transmission efficiency is ≥96%, and it has a power redundancy of 1.25 times to cope with the load impact caused by high-altitude wind speed fluctuations.

[0020] Generator: It is a permanent magnet synchronous generator with a rated power of 2000KW, a rated speed of 1174rpm, a power generation efficiency of ≥95%, and can directly output 380V / 50Hz industrial frequency AC power, which is suitable for microgrids and distributed energy systems.

[0021] Couplings: All are flexible pin couplings, using polyurethane pins as buffer components, which can compensate for ±0.1mm installation coaxiality error between components, absorb more than 30% of vibration and shock, and reduce transmission noise (noise ≤75dB).

[0022] Electric motor: It is a 110KW permanent magnet synchronous motor with a two-way working mode of "drive-generator". It is connected to the drive end of the planetary gear reducer and the drum through the rotating shaft. When the kite line captures wind energy (wind speed ≥3m / s), the motor is in follow-up mode and does not output power. When the kite needs to be retrieved (wind speed <2m / s) or energy needs to be replenished, the motor switches to drive mode, drives the drum to reel in the line, or drives the generator to generate electricity through the transmission system (replenishment power ≤80KW). At this time, the motor switches to generator mode to generate electricity.

[0023] Furthermore, a rotating platform is fixed to the left side of the vehicle's top, a rotating frame is provided on the top of the rotating platform, and a kite hook is fixed to the top of the rotating frame; after the kite body is raised to a certain height by rotating the rotating frame, the kite is released to a certain height in the air by the kite hook on the rotating frame.

[0024] The power generation process of the vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device: The kite body has two movement modes in the high altitude: one is upward movement and the other is downward movement; when moving upward, the generator is generating electricity, and when moving downward, the motor retracts the rope.

[0025] Power generation process: As the kite moves upward, it drives the drum, which in turn drives the energy storage flywheel via a shaft. The flywheel, in turn, drives the speed increaser via a shaft, which in turn drives the generator, thus generating electricity. The speed increaser has a large speed ratio, resulting in a high generator speed and high-efficiency power generation.

[0026] During descent, to prevent the kite from falling, an electric motor with a speed reducer drives a drum via a shaft. The drum tightens the rope, and the kite's entire trajectory forms a figure-eight pattern.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] (1) This invention utilizes a high-altitude kite to capture wind energy in high-altitude areas, where the wind energy density is much higher than at ground level. Simultaneously, the kite has two motion modes: when moving upwards, it drives a reel, which in turn drives an energy storage flywheel via a shaft. The flywheel, in turn, drives a speed increaser via the shaft, which in turn drives a generator, thus generating electricity. The speed increaser has a large speed ratio, resulting in a high generator speed and high-efficiency power generation.

[0029] (2) Through optimized design and intelligent operation mode of electric motor, this invention can both drive and generate electricity, effectively reducing energy consumption in the energy recovery process. The energy consumption level is superior to existing kite power generation technology. In addition, it eliminates the tower construction stage of traditional wind turbines, reducing a large amount of cost investment. Moreover, the high degree of localization of core components makes the cost per kilowatt-hour not only lower than existing high-altitude power generation technology, but also significantly lower than traditional onshore wind power, resulting in outstanding economic advantages.

[0030] (3) Based on the vehicle-mounted power generation unit, this invention can be quickly deployed on the top of a vehicle, requiring far less time than traditional wind turbines. It can flexibly travel to remote pastoral areas, mountainous areas, uninhabited areas, disaster sites, and other scenarios with temporary power needs. At the same time, each unit occupies a small area, only a tiny fraction of that of a traditional wind turbine, and can adapt to complex terrains such as mountains and plateaus, effectively solving the industry pain points of difficult site selection and slow deployment speed of traditional wind power.

[0031] (4) The application of the energy storage flywheel in this invention can effectively smooth out wind speed fluctuations and ensure stable operation of the generator without relying on a long-term energy storage system, thus reducing supporting costs. The device has a simplified transmission structure, and the core components have a power redundancy design, reducing the risk of failure. Combined with the precise control of the kite attitude control device, the failure rate of the core components is greatly reduced, thereby reducing operation and maintenance costs. In addition, the kite body and mooring rope adopt a wind-resistant and corrosion-resistant design, which can still maintain a good service life in extreme environments such as typhoons and coastal salt spray. Its extreme environment tolerance is significantly better than that of traditional equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vehicle-mounted box of the power generation device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the two-stage planetary transmission of the planetary gear speed increaser in this invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Power generation unit onboard box; 21. Kite body; 22. Kite attitude control device; 23. Mooring line; 31. Reducer; 32. Drum; 33. Energy storage flywheel; 34. Planetary gear speed increaser; 35. Generator; 36. Coupling; 37. Speed ​​increaser speed sensor; 38. Flywheel clutch; 39. Drum clutch; 4. Electric motor; 5. Vehicle; 6. Rotary platform; 7. Rotating frame; 8. Kite hook. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present application can be combined with each other.

[0039] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Reference Figures 1-3 A vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device, taking the scenario of "off-grid power supply in plateau pastoral areas, mountainous areas or uninhabited areas" as an example, includes the following assembly and workflow:

[0042] Component assembly: The generator unit on-board box 1 is rigidly connected to the roof of the modified passenger bus with bolts to ensure normal vehicle operation; the rotary table is rigidly connected to the roof of the modified passenger bus with bolts; the kite body 21 is connected to the drum 32 with the tethering rope 23; the components are installed in the generator unit on-board box 1 in the order of "motor 4-reducer 31-drum 32-energy storage flywheel 33-planetary gear speed increaser 34-generator 35", and each component is connected by a flexible pin coupling 36.

[0043] Workflow:

[0044] Deployment Phase: The vehicle travels to the target location in the high-altitude pastoral area. The kite body 21 is raised to a certain height via the rotation of the rotating frame 6. Then, the kite body 21 is released into the air via the kite hook 7 on the rotating frame 6. Simultaneously, the motor 4 drives the drum 32 to release the line. The wind speed sensor of the kite attitude control device 22 collects the high-altitude wind speed. The wireless controller adjusts the angle of attack and heading of the kite body 21 to the optimal downwind direction. The kite gradually ascends to an altitude of 500-1000 meters, entering a figure-eight trajectory (e.g.,...). Figure 1 The dashed line in the middle shows the trajectory of the kite body 21.

[0045] During the power generation stage: The kite body 21 drives the mooring rope 23 under the action of high-altitude wind energy, causing the drum 32 to rotate; the left end of the drum 32 transmits power to the reducer 31 through the coupling 36, while the reducer 31 is in a follow-up state and does not engage braking; the right end of the drum 32 drives the energy storage flywheel 33 to rotate through the drive shaft, the energy storage flywheel 33 stabilizes the speed, and then transmits it to the planetary gear speed increaser 34 through the coupling 36 to increase the speed; the planetary gear speed increaser 34 drives the generator 35 to run, outputting AC power to supply users or output to the power grid.

[0046] Switching phase: When the wind speed at high altitude decreases, the kite attitude control device 22 sends a command, and the motor 4 switches to drive mode, driving the drum 32 to reel in the rope through the gear pair. At the same time, the energy storage flywheel 33 releases the stored energy to maintain the stable speed of the generator 35 and ensure that the power supply is not interrupted. When the wind speed rises again, the motor 4 switches back to follow mode, and the device resumes normal power generation.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] Reference Figures 1-3 A vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device is designed for situations where power needs to be quickly restored at earthquake disaster sites (such as medical tents, command centers, and temporary living areas in disaster areas). Traditional generators rely on fuel, which is highly polluting and has a short operating range.

[0049] Towed to the site by an off-road vehicle, deployment was completed within 2 hours. The kite itself rose to a height of 500 meters to capture wind energy, meeting the power needs of the medical tent (including ventilators, lighting, and communication equipment), with no fuel consumption or emissions, and its flight time was only affected by wind speed.

[0050] Compared with traditional onshore wind turbines (2MW) and existing kite power generation technology (Makani), this invention can effectively capture high-altitude wind energy, far exceeding the height limit of ≤200 meters for traditional onshore wind turbines, and is also superior to the utilization range of 300-600 meters for existing kite power generation technology; in terms of high-altitude wind energy utilization rate, it significantly improves the utilization efficiency of high-altitude wind energy.

[0051] In terms of energy recovery, the energy consumption is significantly lower than that of existing kite power generation technology, while traditional onshore wind turbines do not involve this energy consumption because they do not have a rope winding process. In terms of generator speed stability, the speed fluctuation of this invention is much lower than that of traditional onshore wind turbines and existing kite power generation technology, which greatly improves the stability of grid output. This invention is significantly superior to existing technologies in terms of high-altitude wind energy utilization range, energy conversion efficiency, deployment flexibility, cost control and extreme environment tolerance, and has clear technological advancement and commercial promotion value.

[0052] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device, comprising a power generation device vehicle-mounted box (1) and a vehicle (5), characterized in that: The generator unit's on-board box (1) contains, from left to right, an electric motor (4), a reducer (31), a drum (32), an energy storage flywheel (33), a planetary gear speed increaser (34), and a generator (35); The outer surface of the reel (32) is provided with a mooring rope (23), the top of the mooring rope (23) is fixedly connected to a kite attitude control device (22), and the kite body (21) is connected above the kite attitude control device (22). The left end of the drum (32) is rigidly connected to the power input end of the reducer (31) via a coupling (36), the right end of the drum (32) is connected to the power input end of the planetary gear speed increaser (34), and the power output end of the planetary gear speed increaser (34) is coaxially connected to the power input end of the generator (35) via a coupling (36). The energy storage flywheel (33) is connected in series on the transmission path between the drum (32) and the planetary gear speed increaser (34) to absorb the speed fluctuation of the transmission system and store surplus electrical energy; The motor (4) is connected to the drive end of the drum (32) for transmission, and is used to assist in the winding and unwinding of the mooring rope (23) and to supplement energy input when wind energy is insufficient; The kite attitude control device (22) is used to adjust the spatial attitude and movement trajectory of the kite body (21) in real time so as to efficiently capture stable wind energy at a height of 500-1000 meters. The high-altitude wind energy captured by the kite body (21) drives the drum (32) of the ground power generation system to rotate through the tethering rope (23). The energy is transmitted to the energy storage flywheel (33) through the shaft and coupling (36). The flywheel (33) is transmitted to the planetary gear speed increaser (34) through the shaft. The planetary gear speed increaser (34) increases the speed to the rated power generation speed of the generator (35), and finally drives the generator (35) to output electrical energy. At the same time, the energy storage flywheel (33) adjusts the speed stability in real time to ensure the output voltage is stable. The motor (4) switches between drive or follow-up states according to the working conditions.

2. The vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planetary gear speed increaser (34) adopts a structure of "two-stage planetary transmission + one-stage parallel shaft fixed shaft transmission", and its total gear transmission ratio is 95:1-110:

1. It can convert the low speed of 10-15 rpm input from the drum (32) into the rated speed of 1100-1200 rpm required by the generator (35).

3. The vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generator (35) has a rated power of 2000KW and the planetary gear speed increaser (34) has a design power of 2500KW, with a power redundancy of 1.25 times to cope with the load impact caused by high-altitude wind speed fluctuations.

4. The vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The kite attitude control device (22) includes a wind speed sensor, a wireless controller and a multi-degree-of-freedom angle adjuster; The wind speed sensor collects high-altitude wind speed and direction data in real time. The wireless controller generates control commands based on the collected data. The multi-degree-of-freedom angle adjuster executes the commands to adjust the angle of attack and heading of the kite body (21), so that the kite body (21) maintains a figure-eight trajectory to maximize the capture of high-altitude wind energy density.

5. The vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reducer (31) is a planetary gear reducer (31) with a reduction ratio of 5:1-8:

1. When the kite descends, the motor (4) tightens the mooring rope (23) to ensure the stable operation of the kite body (21). At the same time, the high torque and low speed motion output by the drum (32) is converted into low torque and medium speed motion adapted to the input end of the planetary gear speed increaser (34), so as to avoid the planetary gear speed increaser (34) from bearing excessive impact load.

6. The vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motor (4) is a permanent magnet synchronous motor with a "drive-generate" bidirectional working mode: when the kite body (21) releases the line to capture wind energy, the motor (4) is in a follow-up state and does not output power; when it is necessary to retrieve the kite body (21) or the high-altitude wind speed is lower than the cut-in wind speed, the motor (4) switches to the drive state and drives the drum (32) to rotate to retrieve and release the mooring rope (23).

7. The vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling (36) is an elastic pin coupling. The pin coupling (36) uses polyurethane pins as buffers to compensate for the installation coaxiality error between the drum (32) and the reducer (31), and between the planetary gear speed increaser (34) and the generator (35).

8. The vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage flywheel (33) is made of high-strength carbon fiber composite material and has a moment of inertia of 50-80 kg·m. 2 It can control the speed fluctuation of the generator (35) within ±5% under the condition of wind speed fluctuation of ±20%, thereby improving the stability of the power grid output; The energy storage flywheel (33) is provided with a flywheel clutch (38) at its right end; the drum (32) is provided with a drum clutch (39) at both its left and right ends.

9. The vehicle-mounted mobile high-altitude kite wind power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rotating platform (6) is fixed on the top left of the vehicle (5), which drives the rotating frame (7) to rotate. The kite body (21) is released from the ground to a certain height in the air. A kite hook (8) is fixed at the top of the rotating frame (7) for retrieving and releasing the kite body (21) from the ground. When the kite reaches a certain height, the kite hook (8) opens to release the kite body (21). When the kite body (21) needs to be retrieved from the ground, after the kite body (21) reaches a certain height on the ground, the kite hook (8) at the top of the rotating frame (7) retrieves the kite body (21). After the rotating frame (7) completes the retrieval and release of the kite body (21), it folds back to the initial position.

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