Axial interval charging device and method for bench blasting of strip mine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of blasting charging structures, in particular to an axial spaced charging device and method for strip mine bench blasting, which comprises a bottom support, a plurality of elastic clamping plates are inserted into the top of the bottom support, a plurality of groups of clamping bulges are fixed on one sides of the elastic clamping plates, and blasting charges are put among the plurality of elastic clamping plates; the outer sides of the elastic clamping plates are sleeved with lantern rings, and the clamping protrusions are clamped between the elastic clamping plates and the explosive bag. The device has the beneficial effects that a surrounding and protecting structure for explosives is formed by the multiple elastic clamping plates, and the lantern rings and the clamping protrusions are matched, so that the explosive packages can be axially installed at different height positions of the elastic clamping plates at intervals; according to the interval charging mode, explosive energy can be reasonably distributed in the axial direction of the blast hole, the energy is prevented from being excessively concentrated or dispersed, and therefore the energy utilization rate of the explosive is increased, rock breaking is more uniform, the boulder rate is effectively reduced, and the blasting quality is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of blasting charge structure, in particular to an axial interval charging device and method for open-pit mine bench blasting. BACKGROUND

[0002] In open-pit mine bench blasting operation, a reasonable charge structure is crucial for improving blasting effect, reducing large block rate, and reducing blasting vibration and flying stone hazards. The traditional charging method mostly uses continuous charging or simple segmented charging, which has many drawbacks: when using continuous charging, the explosives are unevenly distributed in the blast hole, which can easily lead to uneven release of blasting energy, excessive fragmentation in some areas, and large blocks in some areas, affecting the subsequent mining efficiency. Although simple segmented charging improves the charge structure to some extent, due to the lack of effective fixing and spacing devices, the position of the explosives in the blast hole is difficult to accurately control, the spacing distance between the explosives in each segment is unstable, and the ideal blasting effect cannot be achieved, which cannot meet the precise requirements of blasting block size, throwing distance and other parameters under different geological conditions.

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional charging method and improve the quality and safety of open-pit mine bench blasting, it is of great practical significance to develop an axial interval charging device for open-pit mine bench blasting. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an axial interval charging device and method for open-pit mine bench blasting to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: an axial interval charging device for open-pit mine bench blasting, comprising a bottom support, a plurality of elastic clamping plates are inserted into the top of the bottom support, a plurality of groups of clamping protrusions are fixed on one side of the elastic clamping plates, explosives are placed between the plurality of elastic clamping plates, a sleeve ring is provided on the outside of the plurality of elastic clamping plates, and the clamping protrusions are clamped between the elastic clamping plates and the explosives.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom support is in a circular plate structure, the top surface of the bottom support has a mounting groove, the bottom surface of the bottom support has a reserved groove, the mounting groove and the reserved groove are both annular grooves, the bottom end of the elastic clamping plate is fixed with a mounting block, and the mounting block is inserted into the mounting groove.

[0007] Preferably, rubber limiting rings are fixed on both side walls of the mounting groove, the two rubber limiting rings are different in size, and the rubber limiting rings are elastically deformed between the mounting block and the side walls of the mounting groove.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom surface of the mounting groove has multiple through holes, and a screw is inserted into the inside of the through holes. The top end of the screw is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting block, the bottom end of the screw extends into the reserved groove, and a nut is screwed onto the bottom end of the screw.

[0009] Preferably, the elastic clamp has an arc-shaped plate structure, and multiple elastic clamps are arranged at equal intervals and of equal size along the mounting groove.

[0010] Preferably, the clamping protrusion is a frustum-shaped protrusion, and multiple sets of clamping protrusions are arranged at equal distances and of equal size along the long side of the elastic clamping plate. Each set of clamping protrusions has multiple protrusions, and the multiple clamping protrusions are arranged side by side.

[0011] Preferably, the collar is provided in multiple ways, and each collar has a corresponding set of clamping protrusions, with the collar and the corresponding clamping protrusions at the same height.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the elastic clamp is provided with multiple slots, which are arc-shaped. Each slot corresponds to a set of clamping protrusions. The slot and the corresponding clamping protrusions are at the same height. A rubber retaining ring is sleeved inside the slot and fixed to the inner ring surface of the collar.

[0013] Preferably, the outer ring surface of the collar is provided with a squeezing groove, which is an annular groove.

[0014] A method for axially spaced charging in open-pit mine bench blasting, employing an axially spaced charging device for open-pit mine bench blasting, the method comprising the following steps: The explosive charge is pushed into multiple elastic clamps, and then pushed down to the clamping protrusion at the bottom of the elastic clamps. Then, a collar is placed on the multiple elastic clamps from top to bottom, and the collar is pushed down to the same height as the explosive charge. At this time, the clamping protrusion is clamped between the elastic clamps and the explosive charge, thus fixing the explosive charge. In this way, the explosive charge is installed axially at intervals between the remaining sets of clamping protrusions on the elastic clamps with the collar.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention proposes an axially spaced charging device and method for open-pit mine bench blasting. Multiple elastic clamps form a protective structure around the explosive, and, in conjunction with collars and clamping protrusions, allow for axially spaced installation of explosive charges at different heights on the elastic clamps. This spaced charging method ensures a rational distribution of explosive energy along the axial direction of the borehole, avoiding excessive energy concentration or dispersion, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the explosive, resulting in more uniform rock fragmentation, effectively reducing the proportion of large pieces, and improving blasting quality. The explosive charges at different heights can be flexibly arranged according to actual geological conditions and blasting requirements, enabling precise control of parameters such as blasted block size and throwing distance, meeting the blasting needs under different working conditions.

[0016] The clamping protrusions hold the explosive charge between the elastic clamping plate and the explosive charge, reliably securing it and preventing it from sliding, shifting, or even moving during loading or under blasting vibrations. This significantly reduces the probability of accidents such as premature detonation and misfires, ensuring the safety of construction workers and the surrounding environment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view of the structure at point AA; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the mounting block and the elastic clamping plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the collar structure of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base support; 2. Reserved groove; 3. Mounting groove; 4. Through hole; 5. Mounting block; 6. Screw; 7. Nut; 8. Elastic clamp; 9. Clamping protrusion; 10. Side groove one; 11. Side groove two; 12. Elastic metal strip; 13. Slot; 14. Collar; 15. Rubber retaining ring; 16. Picking groove; 17. Rubber limiting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clear and complete, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention, and are merely illustrative of the embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1 to 7This invention provides a technical solution: an axial interval charging device for blasting benches in open-pit mines, comprising a base 1, with multiple elastic clamping plates 8 inserted into the top of the base 1. The base 1 has a circular ring structure, with an installation groove 3 on the top surface and a reserved groove 2 on the bottom surface. Both the reserved groove 2 and the installation groove 3 are annular grooves. An installation block 5 is fixed to the bottom end of the elastic clamping plate 8 and is inserted into the installation groove 3. Rubber limiting rings 17 are fixed on both side walls of the installation groove 3. The two rubber limiting rings 17 are of different sizes and are clamped between the installation block 5 and the side wall of the installation groove 3 to produce elastic deformation. Multiple through holes 4 are opened on the bottom surface of the installation groove 3. A screw 6 is inserted into the through hole 4. The top end of the screw 6 is fixed to the bottom surface of the installation block 5, and the bottom end of the screw 6 extends into the reserved groove 2. A nut 7 is screwed onto the bottom end of the screw 6.

[0021] In use, the elastic clamping plate 8 and the base 1 are assembleable and detachable structures. That is, the mounting block 5 is inserted into the mounting groove 3, the screw 6 is passed through the corresponding through hole 4, and after the screw 6 extends into the reserved groove 2, the nut 7 is screwed onto the screw 6 and locked. At this time, the mounting block 5 is firmly installed in the mounting groove 3, and the elastic clamping plate 8 is vertically above the base 1. The remaining multiple elastic clamping plates 8 are installed in sequence according to the above method. After installation, the multiple elastic clamping plates 8 form a structure that surrounds and protects the explosive, and the multiple elastic clamping plates 8 can be stretched to produce slight deformation. After the multiple elastic clamping plates 8 are stretched outward, it is convenient to put the explosive charge.

[0022] Multiple sets of clamping protrusions 9 are fixed on one side of the elastic clamping plate 8. Explosive charges are placed between the multiple elastic clamping plates 8. A collar 14 is sleeved on the outer side of the multiple elastic clamping plates 8. The clamping protrusions 9 are clamped between the elastic clamping plates 8 and the explosive charges. The elastic clamping plate 8 has an arc-shaped plate structure. Multiple elastic clamping plates 8 are arranged at equal distances and of equal size along the mounting groove 3. The clamping protrusions 9 are frustum-shaped protrusions. Multiple sets of clamping protrusions 9 are arranged at equal distances and of equal size along the long side of the elastic clamping plate 8. Each set of clamping protrusions 9 has multiple protrusions. Multiple clamping protrusions 9 are arranged side by side. Multiple collars 14 are provided, each collar 14 corresponding to a set of clamping protrusions 9, and the collar 14 and the corresponding clamping protrusions 9 are at the same height; multiple slots 13 are provided on the surface of the elastic clamping plate 8, the slots 13 are arc-shaped slots, each slot 13 corresponds to a set of clamping protrusions 9, the slots 13 and the corresponding clamping protrusions 9 are at the same height, a rubber retaining ring 15 is fitted inside the slot 13, and the rubber retaining ring 15 is fixed to the inner ring surface of the collar 14; a picking groove 16 is provided on the outer ring surface of the collar 14, the picking groove 16 is an annular groove.

[0023] In use, the explosive charge is pushed into multiple elastic clamps 8, and then pushed down to the clamping protrusion 9 at the bottom of the elastic clamps 8. Next, a collar 14 is fitted onto the multiple elastic clamps 8 from top to bottom, and then pushed down to the same height as the explosive charge. At this point, the clamping protrusion 9 clamps between the elastic clamps 8 and the explosive charge, thus fixing the explosive charge. The rubber retaining ring 15 is engaged in the retaining groove 13, preventing the collar 14 from detaching. Due to the fitting of the collar 14, multiple... The elastic clamp 8 will not bend or deform at the fitting point of the collar 14; in this way, the explosive charges can be installed axially at intervals between the remaining multiple sets of clamping protrusions 9 of the elastic clamp 8 and the collar 14; and side grooves 10 are opened at both ends of the mounting block 5, and side grooves 21 are opened on both sides of the elastic clamp 8. Side grooves 211 and side grooves 10 are connected, and the same elastic metal strip 12 is fixed in side grooves 211 and side grooves 10, thereby improving the bending resistance of the base support 1.

[0024] Example 2, based on Example 1, proposes a method for axially spaced charging in open-pit mine bench blasting, comprising the following steps: I. Assembly of the Device: Insert the mounting block 5 at the bottom of the elastic clamping plate 8 into the mounting groove 3 on the top surface of the base 1. Pass the screw 6 through the corresponding through hole 4 on the bottom surface of the mounting groove 3, fixing the top end of the screw 6 to the bottom surface of the mounting block 5, with the bottom end of the screw 6 extending into the reserved groove 2. Fit the nut 7 onto the bottom end of the screw 6 extending into the reserved groove 2 and screw it in to lock it. At this time, the mounting block 5 is firmly installed in the mounting groove 3, and the elastic clamping plate 8 is perpendicular to the top of the base 1. Install the remaining multiple elastic clamping plates 8 in sequence according to the above method, so that the multiple elastic clamping plates 8 are arranged at equal distances and of equal size along the mounting groove 3, forming a structure for surrounding and protecting the explosive. During the installation process, the rubber limiting rings 17 of different sizes fixed on the two side walls of the mounting groove 3 will clamp between the mounting block 5 and the side walls of the mounting groove 3, producing elastic deformation to help fix the mounting block 5. Side grooves 10 are made at both ends of the mounting block 5, and side grooves 21 are made on both sides of the elastic clamping plate 8 to ensure that side grooves 211 and side grooves 10 are connected. Then, the same elastic metal strip 12 is fixed in side grooves 211 and side grooves 10 to improve the bending resistance of the base support 1.

[0025] 2. Deploying the explosive charge: Since multiple elastic clamps 8 can be stretched to produce slight deformation, the multiple elastic clamps 8 are stretched outward to create sufficient space between them, facilitating the deployment of the explosive charge. The explosive charge is pushed into the multiple stretched elastic clamps 8, and then pushed down to the clamping protrusion 9 at the bottom of the elastic clamps 8.

[0026] 3. Securing the Explosive Charge: A collar 14 is fitted onto the multiple elastic clamping plates 8 from top to bottom, and the collar 14 is pushed down to the same height as the explosive charge. At this point, the clamping protrusions 9 clamp between the elastic clamping plates 8 and the explosive charge, achieving initial securing of the explosive charge. After the collar 14 is in place, the rubber retaining ring 15 fixed to the inner ring surface of the collar 14 will engage in the corresponding groove 13 on the surface of the elastic clamping plate 8, achieving anti-detachment and limiting of the collar 14. Due to the fitting of the collar 14, the multiple elastic clamping plates 8 will not bend or deform at the fitting point of the collar 14.

[0027] IV. Axially Spaced Installation of Explosive Charges: Following the methods described above for placing and fixing explosive charges, the remaining sets of clamping protrusions 9 on the elastic clamping plate 8 are sequentially operated in conjunction with the collars 14 to achieve axially spaced installation of the explosive charges. Each collar 14 corresponds to a set of clamping protrusions 9, and the collar 14 and its corresponding clamping protrusion 9 are at the same height. Each slot 13 also corresponds to a set of clamping protrusions 9, and the slot 13 and its corresponding clamping protrusion 9 are at the same height. If it is necessary to adjust the position of the collar 14 or remove the collar 14 during installation, it can be done through the annular slot 16 opened on the outer surface of the collar 14 for easy removal.

[0028] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An axially spaced charging device for bench blasting in open-pit mines, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: Multiple elastic clamps (8) are inserted into the top of the base (1). Multiple sets of clamping protrusions (9) are fixed on one side of the elastic clamps (8). Explosives are placed between the multiple elastic clamps (8). A collar (14) is sleeved on the outside of the multiple elastic clamps (8). The clamping protrusions (9) are clamped between the elastic clamps (8) and the explosives.

2. The axially spaced charging device for bench blasting in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) has a circular ring plate structure. The top surface of the base (1) has an installation groove (3), and the bottom surface of the base (1) has a reserved groove (2). Both the reserved groove (2) and the installation groove (3) are annular grooves. The bottom end of the elastic clamp (8) is fixed with an installation block (5), which is inserted into the installation groove (3).

3. The axially spaced charging device for bench blasting in open-pit mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: Rubber limiting rings (17) are fixed on both side walls of the mounting groove (3). The two rubber limiting rings (17) are of different sizes. The rubber limiting rings (17) are clamped between the mounting block (5) and the side wall of the mounting groove (3) and undergo elastic deformation.

4. The axial interval charging device for bench blasting in open-pit mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the mounting groove (3) is provided with multiple through holes (4), and a screw (6) is inserted into the inside of the through hole (4). The top end of the screw (6) is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting block (5), the bottom end of the screw (6) extends into the reserved groove (2), and a nut (7) is screwed onto the bottom end of the screw (6).

5. The axially spaced charging device for bench blasting in open-pit mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic clamp (8) has an arc-shaped plate structure, and multiple elastic clamps (8) are arranged at equal distances and of equal size along the mounting groove (3).

6. The axially spaced charging device for bench blasting in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping protrusion (9) is a frustum-shaped protrusion. Multiple sets of clamping protrusions (9) are arranged at equal distances and of equal size along the long side of the elastic clamping plate (8). Each set of clamping protrusions (9) has multiple protrusions, and the multiple clamping protrusions (9) are arranged side by side.

7. The axially spaced charging device for bench blasting in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collar (14) is provided in multiple ways, and each collar (14) has a corresponding set of clamping protrusions (9). The collar (14) and the corresponding clamping protrusions (9) are at the same height.

8. The axially spaced charging device for bench blasting in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the elastic clamp (8) is provided with multiple slots (13). The slots (13) are arc-shaped. Each slot (13) corresponds to a set of clamping protrusions (9). The slots (13) and the corresponding clamping protrusions (9) are at the same height. A rubber retaining ring (15) is sleeved inside the slot (13). The rubber retaining ring (15) is fixed to the inner ring surface of the collar (14).

9. The axially spaced charging device for bench blasting in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring surface of the collar (14) is provided with a squeezing groove (16), which is an annular groove.

10. A method for axially spaced charging in open-pit mine bench blasting, employing the axially spaced charging device for open-pit mine bench blasting as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: Push the explosive charge into multiple elastic clamps (8), push the explosive charge down to the clamping protrusion (9) at the bottom of the elastic clamp (8), and then put one on the multiple elastic clamps (8) from top to bottom. Push the collar (14) down to the same height as the explosive charge. At this time, the clamping protrusion (9) clamps between the elastic clamp (8) and the explosive charge to fix the explosive charge. In this way, the explosive charge can be installed axially at intervals between the remaining multiple sets of clamping protrusions (9) of the elastic clamp (8) in conjunction with the collar (14).

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