An automatic regulation method and system for pulse ecological water replenishment of mountainous small and medium-sized rivers based on beach soil moisture content

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of mountainous small and medium-sized river pulse type ecological water replenishment automatic regulation method and system based on beach soil moisture regime.The method of the present application is to select an ecological water replenishment control section with stable beach downstream of the gate pump, lay water level and soil moisture regime monitoring equipment and power supply system; by field rating, establish water level-flow relationship curve, determine the maximum ecological water replenishment flow; based on real-time monitoring of soil moisture content, when lower than the first threshold value, the controller automatically calculates the water replenishment flow according to the current water level and rating relationship and starts the gate pump to replenish water, when the moisture content is higher than the second threshold value, stop water replenishment, so as to realize pulse type precise water replenishment according to beach moisture regime.The present application can effectively improve the problem of insufficient ecological water demand guarantee of mountainous river, improve the precision and intelligent level of water replenishment, maintain the health of river habitat and the stability of ecological system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of river ecological water supplement, in particular to a mountainous small and medium-sized river pulse ecological water supplement automatic regulation method and system based on beach soil moisture condition. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rainfall is the main supplement way of ecological flow of mountainous small and medium-sized river, and the amount and distribution of rainfall directly affect the size of ecological flow of mountainous small and medium-sized river. However, the rainfall in mountainous area usually has seasonal characteristics, and the rainfall is large in flood season and small in non-flood season. The seasonal change leads to the obvious seasonal fluctuation of river ecological flow. Especially, the long-time drought in dry season can cause the significant decrease of ecological flow of mountainous river, and affect the stability of river ecological system and the ecological service function of mountainous river. Whether the river ecological service function is sound becomes the key characterization of river and even the whole river basin water ecological environment governance, water conservancy engineering optimization scheduling effect and water ecological value transformation realization.

[0003] At present, there is no known automatic regulation system or method for ecological water supplement of mountainous small and medium-sized rivers. First, the ecological water supplement area is mainly in urban river, wetland, lake and other areas, and there is no method for ecological water supplement of mountainous small and medium-sized rivers. Secondly, the determination of river ecological water supplement is limited to the results of traditional water ecological water demand calculation method, water resources allocation model scheme and artificial experience decision, and there is no method for measuring the actual river ecological water supplement, which has the problems of poor timeliness, inaccurate regulation, and inability to respond to the ecological water demand of the beach in real time, resulting in waste of water resources or poor ecological water supplement effect. For example, the invention patent with publication number CN113420265A discloses a river ecological water demand fine calculation method, which divides the river into river sections according to the river division principle, calculates the river ecological water demand based on the ecological water demand guarantee target, calculates the water demand of the river under different ecological targets, and uses the typical year / month method to fine the annual ecological water demand to the time period, but only the fine calculation of the ecological water demand under different ecological restoration targets is calculated, and in fact, due to the differences in hydrological conditions and underlying surface conditions of each mountainous river, there is a certain gap between the actual ecological water demand and the calculated water demand, and the actual ecological water supplement of a river at different time periods also lacks corresponding technical support. The invention patent with publication number CN114611846A discloses a city new district multi-mode ecological water supplement system and method, which calculates the ecological water supplement demand of the river based on the scheduling mode of the river network water resources, selects or switches the corresponding water supplement mode based on the ecological water supplement demand, adopts the form of multi-source complementation based on the water supplement mode, and completes the water supplement according to the predetermined area and / or predetermined stage, but only the ecological water supplement quantity of large-scale ecological water supplement is selected and determined from the aspect of water resources allocation, and the accuracy of the actual ecological water supplement of a river at different time periods is relatively lacking. Finally, there is no intelligent regulation of river in the ecological water supplement intelligent system, only the regulation and intelligent control system of river ecological flow, mainly the equipment regulation of ecological flow guarantee method, regulation and operation method and ecological flow device architecture, and the ecological flow regulation and operation mainly targets large-scale area, and does not consider the intelligent regulation system of river ecological water demand, and does not consider the difference of river ecological flow caused by different hydrological characteristics and underlying surface conditions and the intelligent ecological water supplement.

[0004] Small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas generally face the problem of insufficient ecological water guarantee in dry season due to significant seasonal variation of runoff. The existing ecological water supplement technology mostly relies on fixed flow or simple threshold control based on river water level, lacks response to the actual water demand of the key ecological unit of river beach, and is difficult to achieve precise and intelligent water supplement. This may lead to insufficient water supplement and unable to effectively alleviate ecological stress, or excessive water supplement and cause negative effects such as waste of water resources and submerging of beach vegetation. Therefore, how to achieve intelligent, precise and automatic pulse ecological water supplement based on the real ecological water demand of the beach is a technical problem to be solved in the field. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a mountainous small and medium-sized river pulse ecological water supplement automatic control method and system based on beach soil moisture condition. The core of the method is to use beach soil moisture condition as a direct trigger signal for ecological water supplement, to achieve precise calculation of water supplement amount through field rated water level-flow relationship, and finally to realize intelligent start and stop of pulse water supplement through an automatic controller.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the method of the present application is as follows:

[0007] A mountainous small and medium-sized river pulse ecological water supplement automatic control method based on beach soil moisture condition, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, selecting an ecological water supplement control section: selecting a river section with water supplement demand downstream of an ecological water supplement gate pump as an ecological water supplement control section.

[0009] S2, laying out a monitoring and power supply system: installing a water level monitoring device and a beach soil moisture condition monitoring device at the ecological water supplement control section, and installing a first power supply device in a non-flooded area on the river bank.

[0010] S3, rating water level-flow relationship: in the field, different levels of flow are discharged by controlling the ecological water supplement gate pump, and after the water flow is stable at the control section, the corresponding water level is measured and recorded. Based on multiple sets of flow-water level data, the water level-flow relationship curve Q=f(H) of the ecological water supplement control section is fitted, and based on the highest elevation H 滩 of the beach, the maximum ecological water supplement flow Q max is determined.

[0011] S4, automatically controlling ecological water supplement: providing an ecological water supplement controller for receiving data sent by the water level monitoring device and the soil moisture condition monitoring device; when the soil moisture content is lower than the first threshold value, the ecological water supplement controller calculates the ecological water supplement flow Q 实 based on the current real-time water level H 补and control the ecological water supplement gate pump to Q 补 flow opening water supplement; when the soil moisture content is higher than the second threshold value, the ecological water supplement gate pump is controlled to stop water supplement.

[0012] Further, in step S1, the river section between the ecological water supplement gate pump and the control section has no tributary confluence and no river diversion project, to ensure the one-to-one correspondence between the water supplement flow and the monitoring data, and avoid interference; the control section should have a stable beach to provide a place for soil moisture monitoring and as a direct manifestation of the water supplement benefit area; the beach is suitable for shallow water plant growth;

[0013] Further, in step S2, the water level monitoring device is used for timing monitoring and sending section water level data, and the soil moisture monitoring device is buried in the beach soil layer for timing monitoring and sending soil moisture content data.

[0014] Further, the measuring point of the soil moisture monitoring device is 25-35 cm from the beach surface; the monitoring time interval of the water level monitoring device and the soil moisture monitoring device is 10-15 minutes.

[0015] Further, the step S3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0016] S31, obtaining the multi-year average flow Q 年 of the ecological water supplement control section, and calculating the rating flow value in the range of 5% to 30% of Q 年 , which is recorded as Q 5% , Q 10% , Q 15% , Q 20% , Q 25% and Q 30% , respectively;

[0017] S32, in the dry season, controlling the ecological water supplement gate pump to discharge each level of rating flow in turn, and taking Q 5% as the first level of rating flow;

[0018] S33, for each level of discharge flow, after the water flow reaches the ecological water supplement control section and the water level is stable, the corresponding section water level value is recorded, which is H 5%、 , H 10% , H 15% , H 20% , H 25% and H 30% , respectively;

[0019] S34, according to all levels of rating flow and the corresponding water level values, a quadratic function relationship is fitted by using the least square method:

[0020] Q = A + B × H + C × H², (1)

[0021] In the formula:

[0022] Q represents the cross-sectional flow rate, measured in m³ / s.

[0023] H represents the cross-sectional water level, in meters (m).

[0024] A, B, and C are the fitting parameters;

[0025] S35, the elevation H of the highest point of the beach was measured. 滩 and H 滩 Substituting into the relationship (1), the maximum ecological water replenishment flow rate Q is calculated. max Q max This serves as the upper limit for water replenishment flow to prevent excessive water replenishment from damaging the vegetation habitat on the beach. Maximum ecological water replenishment flow Q max Relationship:

[0026] , (2)

[0027] In the formula:

[0028] Q max The maximum ecological water replenishment flow rate is expressed in m³ / s.

[0029] H 滩 This is the water level at the highest point of the beach, in meters (m).

[0030] B and C are the fitting parameters.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S4, when the soil moisture content of the control section is lower than the first threshold, the beach vegetation is already facing drought stress and ecological water replenishment needs to be initiated; when the soil moisture content of the control section is higher than the second threshold, water replenishment is stopped.

[0032] Furthermore, the ecological water replenishment flow rate Q 补 The calculation formula is:

[0033] , (3)

[0034] In the formula:

[0035] Q 补 Ecological water replenishment flow rate, in m³ / s;

[0036] Q max The maximum ecological water replenishment flow rate is expressed in m³ / s.

[0037] H 实 Real-time water level at the section for replenishing water to the beach, in meters;

[0038] A, B, C are fitting parameters.

[0039] The technical scheme of the system is as follows:

[0040] The application relates to an automatic control system for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of a mountainous medium-small river based on beach soil moisture content, which is applied to the automatic control method for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of a mountainous medium-small river based on beach soil moisture content. The system comprises water level monitoring equipment arranged at an ecological water replenishment control section and used for monitoring the water level of a river channel; soil moisture content monitoring equipment arranged at a beach of the ecological water replenishment control section and used for monitoring soil water content; an ecological water replenishment gate pump used for replenishing water to the river channel; first power supply equipment used for providing power supply for the water level monitoring equipment and the soil moisture content monitoring equipment; second power supply equipment used for providing power supply for an ecological water replenishment controller; and the ecological water replenishment controller in communication connection with the water level monitoring equipment, the soil moisture content monitoring equipment and the ecological water replenishment gate pump respectively. The ecological water replenishment controller is configured to receive water level and soil water content data, store water level-flow rate relationship data and maximum ecological water replenishment flow rate Q max obtained through calibration, calculate a water replenishment flow rate Q 补 according to real-time water level and the water level-flow rate relationship when the soil water content is lower than a first threshold value, and control the ecological water replenishment gate pump to be opened, and control the ecological water replenishment gate pump to be closed when the soil water content is higher than a second threshold value.

[0041] Further, the first power supply equipment 4 and the second power supply equipment 5 are both solar power supply equipment.

[0042] Further, the ecological water replenishment controller is integrated with a wireless communication module and is used for remotely receiving monitoring data and sending control instructions.

[0043] (1) The system has high precision and strong ecological relevance, the water replenishment triggering signal is changed from a traditional water level or time index into soil moisture content directly reflecting water demand of a beach ecological system, water replenishment decision is more in line with actual ecological water demand law, and a change from 'water supply management' to 'water demand management' is realized.

[0044] (2) The system has high intelligence and automation degree, through an integrated controller and a preset algorithm, full-process automation from monitoring, decision making to execution is realized, manual intervention is greatly reduced, response speed and management efficiency are improved, and the system is particularly suitable for remote mountainous rivers.

[0045] (3) The water replenishment strategy is scientific and reasonable, a pulse-type water replenishment mode is adopted, natural hydrological conditions are simulated, and the health of a river ecological system is beneficial. Meanwhile, through on-site calibration and hydraulic calculation, water replenishment flow rate is accurately controllable, water replenishment deficiency is avoided, and damage of excessive water replenishment to a beach habitat is prevented.

[0046] (4) The system is flexible and reliable, uses solar power supply and wireless communication technology, reduces the dependence on external power supply and wired network, and enhances the applicability and reliability of the system in different geographical environments. In summary, the present application effectively solves the problems of poor precision and intelligence of ecological water supplement for mountainous small and medium-sized rivers, and plays an important role in maintaining river habitat health, ensuring river ecosystem stability and service function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method of the present application;

[0048] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the selected ecological water supplement control section of the present application;

[0049] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the system of the present application.

[0050] In the figure: 1 - water level monitoring equipment; 2 - soil moisture monitoring equipment; 3 - ecological water supplement gate pump; 4 - first power supply equipment; 5 - second power supply equipment; 6 - ecological water supplement controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] The selected river channel of the present embodiment is a mountainous small and medium-sized river, with a total length of about 9 km, a trapezoidal river section, a bottom width of about 5 m, a water surface width of about 10 m, a longitudinal slope of about 0.1%, and a comprehensive roughness coefficient of about 0.035. An ecological water supplement gate pump 3 is arranged at the upstream stake number 0K+000 of the river channel, serving as the ecological water supplement source. The river section from the gate pump to the river mouth has no tributary inflow and no water diversion project, ensuring accurate calculation of the water supplement amount. There are stable beaches at the middle and lower reaches of the river channel at stake numbers 4K~4K+500, which are suitable for shallow water plant growth and are the core ecological maintenance area of the present embodiment.

[0053] As shown in Figure 1 , the present application is a mountainous small and medium-sized river pulse type ecological water supplement automatic regulation and control method based on beach soil moisture, which comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1, selecting an ecological water supplement control section

[0055] As shown in Figure 2 , the selected ecological water supplement control section is located about 4250 m downstream of the ecological water supplement gate pump (stake number 4K+250). The section has stable beach conditions, is suitable for shallow water plant growth, and has clear ecological water supplement demand; at the same time, there is no tributary inflow and no river water diversion project between it and the upstream gate pump, meeting the technical requirements of the control section.

[0056] S2, Deployment of monitoring and power supply systems

[0057] At chainage 4K+250, an ecological water replenishment control section was selected, and the following equipment was installed:

[0058] Water level monitoring device 1 uses a radar water level gauge, installed at the control section, and collects water level data every 10 minutes and transmits it wirelessly; soil moisture monitoring device 2 uses a soil moisture monitor, buried in the highest area of ​​the beach, with the probe located 30 cm below the surface, and collects soil moisture content data every 10 minutes and transmits it wirelessly; the first power supply device 4 is a solar power system, deployed in the non-flood-inundated area of ​​the riverbank, to power water level monitoring device 1 and soil moisture monitoring device 2; the ecological water replenishment controller 6 is located in the gate pump control room, receives monitoring data through a wireless communication module, and sends control commands to the ecological water replenishment gate pump 3; the second power supply device 5 is a solar power system, which powers the control terminal of the ecological water replenishment controller 6.

[0059] S3, Calibration water level-flow rate relationship

[0060] The specific steps for conducting on-site calibration during the dry season are as follows:

[0061] S31, Obtain the multi-year average flow rate Q of the ecological water replenishment control section. 年 =10.4 m³ / s, based on this, calculate Q 年 The six different calibration flow values ​​are in the range of 5% to 30%, respectively, Q 5% =0.52m³ / s, Q 10% =1.04m³ / s, Q 15%= 1.56 m³ / s, Q 20% =2.08m³ / s, Q 25% =2.60m³ / s, Q 30% =3.12 m³ / s;

[0062] S32, during the dry season, the ecological water replenishment gate pump 3 is controlled sequentially to release the above-mentioned flow rate, in order to Q 5% This is the initial flow rate;

[0063] S33, after each flow release, wait 10 minutes for the water level at the control section to stabilize, and record the corresponding water level values, which are H. 5% =72.39m, H 10% =72.70m, H 15% =72.91m, H 20% =73.03m, H 25% =73.10m, H 30% =73.18m;

[0064] S34. Based on the above 6 sets of data, the water level-flow rate relationship is obtained by fitting using the least squares method:

[0065] Q = A + B × H + C × H² (1)

[0066] Substituting the data, we get A = 71.956, B = 0.8382, C = -1.1466, that is:

[0067] ,

[0068] S35, Substitute the values ​​of the fitting parameters A, B, and C into relation (2);

[0069] (2)

[0070] Right now ,

[0071] The measured elevation H of the highest point of the beach 滩 Substituting 73.15m into the equation, the maximum ecological water replenishment flow rate Q is calculated. max The value is 2.95 m³ / s. The values ​​of fitting parameters A, B, and C, and Q are... max Store in the ecological water replenishment controller 6.

[0072] S4, Automatic Regulation of Ecological Water Replenishment

[0073] After the system starts up, the ecological water replenishment controller 6 executes the following automatic control logic:

[0074] When the soil moisture content is detected to be less than 10% of the first threshold, it is determined that water replenishment needs to be initiated.

[0075] Get real-time water level H 实 =72.31m, according to the relationship

[0076] (3)

[0077] Substituting the data, the current ecological water replenishment flow rate Q is calculated. 补 =2.49 m³ / s:

[0078] The controller commands the ecological water replenishment gate pump 3 to open, and presses Q. 补 =2.49 m³ / s discharge and replenishment water;

[0079] During the water replenishment process, the soil moisture content is continuously monitored. When the soil moisture content reaches the second threshold of 18%, the ecological water replenishment gate pump 3 is immediately instructed to stop water replenishment, thus completing one pulse-type ecological water replenishment process.

[0080] The embodiment is successful in realizing precise and on-demand pulse ecological water replenishment for the vegetation on the beach of the mountainous small and medium-sized river by laying monitoring equipment, calibrating the water level-flow relationship and automatically regulating the start and stop of the ecological water replenishment gate pump and the water replenishment flow based on the soil moisture content threshold and the real-time water level, thereby effectively saving water resources while ensuring ecological health and providing a predictable and reusable precise water replenishment solution for the ecological vegetation restoration of the river section.

[0081] As shown in Figure 3 The application discloses a mountainous small and medium-sized river pulse ecological water replenishment automatic regulation system based on beach soil moisture content, and the system is applied to the mountainous small and medium-sized river pulse ecological water replenishment automatic regulation method based on beach soil moisture content. The system comprises water level monitoring equipment 1 arranged at an ecological water replenishment control section and used for monitoring a river water level, soil moisture content monitoring equipment 2 arranged at a beach of the ecological water replenishment control section and used for monitoring soil moisture content, an ecological water replenishment gate pump 3 used for replenishing water to the river, first power supply equipment 4 used for providing power for the water level monitoring equipment 1 and the soil moisture content monitoring equipment 2, second power supply equipment 5 used for providing power for an ecological water replenishment controller 6, and the ecological water replenishment controller 6 is in communication connection with the water level monitoring equipment 1, the soil moisture content monitoring equipment 2 and the ecological water replenishment gate pump 3 respectively. The ecological water replenishment controller 6 is configured to receive water level and soil moisture content data, store calibrated water level-flow relationship data and maximum ecological water replenishment flow Q max When the soil moisture content is lower than a first threshold value, calculate a water replenishment flow Q 补 based on the real-time water level and the water level-flow relationship and control the ecological water replenishment gate pump 3 to be opened, and when the soil moisture content is higher than a second threshold value, control the ecological water replenishment gate pump 3 to be closed.

[0082] The first power supply equipment 4 and the second power supply equipment 5 are both solar power supply equipment.

[0083] The ecological water replenishment controller 6 is integrated with a wireless communication module and is used for remotely receiving monitoring data and sending control instructions.

[0084] The above embodiment and the specific parameters in the embodiment are only for clearly describing the application verification process and are not used to limit the patent protection scope of the application, and the patent protection scope of the application is still subject to the claims, and any equivalent structural changes made by referring to the content of the specification and the drawings of the application should also be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. An automatic control method for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the riverbank, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1, Selecting the ecological water replenishment control section: Select a river section with water replenishment needs downstream of the ecological water replenishment gate pump as the ecological water replenishment control section. S2, Deploy monitoring and power supply system: Install water level monitoring equipment and beach soil moisture monitoring equipment at the ecological water replenishment control section, and install the first power supply equipment in the non-flood-inundated area along the riverbank; S3, Calibrate the water level-flow relationship: On-site, by controlling the release of different flow rates from the ecological water replenishment gate pump, after the water flow stabilizes at the control section, measure and record the corresponding water level. Based on multiple sets of flow-water level data, fit the water level-flow relationship curve Q=f(H) of the ecological water replenishment control section, and based on the elevation H of the highest point of the beach... 滩 Determine the maximum ecological water replenishment flow rate Q max ; S4, Automatic Regulation of Ecological Water Replenishment: An ecological water replenishment controller is provided to receive data from the water level monitoring device and the soil moisture monitoring device; when the soil moisture content is detected to be lower than a first threshold, the ecological water replenishment controller adjusts the real-time water level H at the current beach water replenishment section. 实 The ecological water replenishment flow rate Q is calculated from the water level-flow rate relationship curve. 补 And control the ecological water replenishment gate pump to Q 补 The flow rate is activated to replenish water; when the soil moisture content is detected to be higher than the second threshold, the ecological water replenishment gate pump is controlled to stop replenishing water. Where A, B, and C are the fitting parameters of the water level-discharge relationship curve Q=f(H) of the ecological water replenishment control section; The monitoring interval for both the water level monitoring equipment and the soil moisture monitoring equipment is 10-15 minutes.

2. The automatic regulation method for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the beach area as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, there are no tributaries flowing into the control section and no river channels diverting water between the control section and the ecological water replenishment gate pump. The control section has a stable beach suitable for the growth of shallow-water plants.

3. The automatic regulation method for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the beach area as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the water level monitoring device is used to monitor and transmit cross-sectional water level data at regular intervals, and the beach soil moisture monitoring device is buried under the beach soil layer to monitor and transmit soil moisture content data at regular intervals.

4. The automatic regulation method for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the beach area as described in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The measuring points of the soil moisture monitoring equipment are 25-35 cm away from the surface of the beach.

5. The automatic regulation method for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the beach area according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 includes the following sub-steps: S31, Obtain the multi-year average flow rate Q of the ecological water replenishment control section. 年 And calculate Q 年 Six different levels of calibration flow rate within the range of 5% to 30% are denoted as Q. 5% Q 10% Q 15% Q 20% Q 25% and Q 30% ; S32, during the dry season, control the ecological water replenishment gate pump to release the rated flow rates of each stage in sequence, and in accordance with Q. 5% As the first-level rated flow; S33, for each discharge flow rate, after the water flow reaches the ecological water replenishment control section and the water level stabilizes, record the corresponding section water level value, which is H. 5%、 H 10% H 15% H 20% H 25% and H 30% ; S34. Based on the calibration flow rate of all levels and their corresponding water level values, the least squares method is used to fit the quadratic function relationship: Q = A + B × H + C × H². In the formula: Q represents the cross-sectional flow rate, measured in m³ / s. H represents the cross-sectional water level, in meters (m). A, B, and C are the fitting parameters; S35, the elevation H of the highest point of the beach was measured. 滩 and H 滩 Substituting into the relationship described in S34, the maximum ecological water replenishment flow rate Q is calculated. max Relationship: ； In the formula: Q max The maximum ecological water replenishment flow rate is expressed in m³ / s. H 滩 This is the water level at the highest point of the beach, in meters (m). A, B, and C are the fitting parameters.

6. The automatic regulation method for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the beach area according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, when the soil moisture content of the control section is lower than the first threshold, the beach vegetation is facing drought stress and ecological water replenishment needs to be initiated; when the soil moisture content of the control section is higher than the second threshold, water replenishment is stopped.

7. An automatic pulse-type ecological water replenishment control system for small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the riverbank, characterized in that: The system is applied to the automatic regulation method for pulsed ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the floodplain, as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the system comprises: Water level monitoring equipment (1) is installed at the ecological water replenishment control section to monitor the river water level; Soil moisture monitoring equipment (2) is set up at the beach of the ecological water replenishment control section to monitor soil moisture content; Ecological water replenishment gate pump (3) is used to replenish water to the river channel; The first power supply equipment (4) is used to provide power to the water level monitoring equipment (1) and the soil moisture monitoring equipment (2); The second power supply equipment (5) is used to provide power to the ecological water replenishment controller (6); The ecological water replenishment controller (6) is communicatively connected to the water level monitoring device (1), the soil moisture monitoring device (2), and the ecological water replenishment gate pump (3), respectively; the ecological water replenishment controller (6) is configured to: receive water level and soil moisture content data; and store calibrated water level-flow rate relationship data and maximum ecological water replenishment flow rate Q. max When the soil moisture content is below the first threshold, the replenishment flow rate Q is calculated based on the real-time water level and the water level-flow rate relationship. 补 And control the opening of the ecological water replenishment gate pump (3); when the soil moisture content is higher than the second threshold, control the closing of the ecological water replenishment gate pump (3).

8. The automatic control system for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the beach area according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both the first power supply device (4) and the second power supply device (5) are solar power supply devices.

9. The automatic control system for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the beach area according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ecological water replenishment controller (6) integrates a wireless communication module for remotely receiving monitoring data and sending control commands.

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