Substation optical fiber aging performance analogue simulation method and system and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber aging simulation, in particular to a transformer substation optical fiber aging performance analogue simulation method and system and a medium. The method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining environment data and attenuation data; further acquiring a slope abrupt change point of the attenuation data, segmenting the attenuation data, and further acquiring an environmental influence coefficient according to the similarity of adjacent attenuation data in each segment and in combination with data change at the slope abrupt change point; performing attenuation data segmentation combination according to the change relevance between the low-frequency data of each segment of attenuation data and the environment data of each dimension; and finally, performing stage matching on the combined segmented attenuation data and simulation experiment data, thereby realizing real-time aging state evaluation and early warning of the optical fiber, effectively eliminating non-environmental interference, and improving prediction accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical fiber aging simulation technology, specifically to a method, system, and medium for simulating the aging performance of optical fibers in substations. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the complex environment of substations, optical fibers are exposed to strong electromagnetic fields, drastic temperature changes, mechanical stress, humidity, and other stress factors for extended periods, causing their performance to gradually age. If the optical fiber link is interrupted or its loss becomes excessive, communication disruptions may occur, leading to serious accidents. Traditional methods only detect problems after communication interruptions or a surge in bit error rates, failing to monitor the changing state of the optical fiber in real time. There is an urgent need for a method that can simulate and predict the aging state of substation optical fibers in real time, thereby enabling predictive maintenance and preventing problems before they occur.

[0003] Existing laboratory accelerated aging simulations simulate the fiber optic aging process by analyzing single physical fields (such as temperature or vibration). By analyzing the changes in the aging process under different conditions, they identify the dominant factors for the current period and simulate the complex multi-stress coupling environment of substations. However, due to external non-environmental stresses such as switch operation and electromagnetic interference during actual substation operation, inflection points in the fiber optic aging attenuation curve caused by changes in the slope of non-dominant factors appear. This affects the segmented analysis of the fiber optic aging monitoring process, leading to inaccurate fiber performance prediction results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of inaccurate fiber optic performance predictions caused by the current stage division in aging monitoring and early warning systems for non-environmental stress interference in substations, this invention aims to provide a method, system, and medium for simulating the aging performance of fiber optic cables in substations. The specific technical solution adopted is as follows: A method for simulating the aging performance of optical fibers in substations, the method comprising: Acquire multi-dimensional environmental data of the substation and attenuation data of optical fibers; The slope abrupt change points are obtained based on the fluctuations of the attenuation data; the attenuation data is segmented based on the slope abrupt change points; the environmental impact coefficient of each segment is obtained based on the similarity of adjacent attenuation data within each segment and the data changes at the slope abrupt change points; low-frequency data of each segment of the attenuation data is extracted; the possibility of merging adjacent segments is obtained based on the correlation between the low-frequency data of each segment and the changes in each dimension of environmental data and the environmental impact coefficient, and the attenuation data is segmented and merged. The merged segmented decay data is matched with the simulation experimental data in stages to conduct real-time aging status assessment and provide early warning.

[0005] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the environmental impact coefficient includes: The instantaneous aging coefficient is obtained based on the change in decay data at the slope abrupt change point; the similarity factor is obtained based on the similarity of adjacent decay data within each segment; The environmental impact coefficient is obtained by integrating the similarity factor of each segment of decay data and the instantaneous aging coefficient at the segment start point.

[0006] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the instantaneous aging coefficient includes: Obtain the attenuation amplitude at each slope abrupt change point; combine the ratio of the attenuation amplitude to the largest attenuation amplitude and the ratio of the smallest attenuation amplitude to the attenuation amplitude to obtain the instantaneous aging coefficient of each slope abrupt change point.

[0007] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the similarity factor includes: The absolute values ​​of the differences between all adjacent attenuation data within a segment are negatively correlated and fused to obtain the similarity factor for the corresponding segment.

[0008] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the merging probability includes: Each segment is selected as the target segment, and each dimension of environmental data is selected as the target environmental data. For the target segment, within the corresponding time domain, the response coefficient is obtained based on the correlation between the changes in the target environmental data and the attenuation data at the same time. The target segment and the response coefficients of the environmental data for each dimension are used to construct a response vector. Based on the similarity between the response vectors of adjacent segments and combined with the environmental impact coefficient, the merging probability of the corresponding adjacent segments is obtained.

[0009] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the response coefficient includes: The average value of the ratio of the target environment data to the attenuation data at the same time is used as the target segment and target environment data response coefficient.

[0010] Furthermore, the method for real-time aging status assessment and early warning includes: The current merged segments are matched with the simulated aging experiment to obtain the predicted current experimental decay data; the performance deviation value is obtained based on the difference between the current measured decay data and the experimental decay data; and real-time warning is given based on the performance deviation value.

[0011] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the slope abrupt change point includes: Obtain the first-order difference sequence of the attenuation data, use the three-standard-deviation method to obtain the abnormal attenuation threshold, and filter out slope abrupt change points based on the abnormal attenuation threshold.

[0012] This invention also proposes an aging performance simulation system for optical fibers in substations, the system comprising: The data acquisition module is used to acquire multi-dimensional environmental data of the substation and attenuation data of optical fibers; The aging phased processing module is used to obtain slope abrupt change points based on the fluctuations of the decay data; segment the decay data based on the slope abrupt change points; obtain the environmental impact coefficient of each segment based on the similarity of adjacent decay data within each segment and the data changes at the slope abrupt change points; extract low-frequency data from each segment of the decay data; obtain the merging probability of adjacent segments based on the correlation between the low-frequency data of each segment and the changes in each dimension of environmental data, and combine the environmental impact coefficients; and perform decay data segmentation and merging. The early warning module is used to match the merged segmented decay data with the simulated experimental data in stages, perform real-time aging status assessment, and issue early warnings.

[0013] The present invention also proposes a simulation medium for aging performance of substation optical fiber, the medium comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement any of the steps of the aging performance simulation method for substation optical fiber described above.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention first acquires environmental and attenuation data to provide a foundation for subsequent analysis. It then identifies abrupt slope changes in the attenuation data and segments the data to distinguish different aging stages. Further, based on the similarity of adjacent attenuation data within each segment and the data changes at the slope abrupt changes, it obtains an environmental impact coefficient, characterizing the likelihood of each segment being affected by environmental factors. Next, by combining the correlation between low-frequency data and environmental data changes in each segment, the attenuation data segments are merged to avoid excessive segmentation due to short-term interference. This results in merged segments that better reflect the actual aging process of optical fibers under environmental influences, improving the accuracy of lifetime assessment and early warning. Finally, the merged segmented attenuation data is matched with simulated experimental data to perform real-time aging status assessment and early warning. This invention, by analyzing the similarity between low-frequency data and environmental correlations in adjacent segments, as well as the similarity of adjacent data within segments, merges interfering segments, and finally matches them with simulated experiments, achieves real-time aging status assessment and early warning for optical fibers, effectively eliminating non-environmental interference and improving prediction accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for simulating the aging performance of optical fibers in a substation, as provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for obtaining an environmental impact coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A flowchart of a method for real-time aging status assessment and early warning provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a system block diagram of a simulation system for aging performance of optical fibers in a substation, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of a method, system, and medium for simulating the aging performance of optical fibers in substations according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0019] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the specific scheme of the aging performance simulation method, system, and medium for substation optical fibers provided by this invention.

[0020] Please see Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a simulation method for the aging performance of optical fibers in a substation, provided by an embodiment of the present invention, specifically including: Step S1: Obtain multi-dimensional environmental data of the substation and attenuation data of the optical fiber.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, temperature, humidity and vibration sensors are deployed in the substation to collect real-time environmental data of the substation. An OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) is deployed for real-time monitoring of fiber optic equipment.

[0022] The collected data is transmitted to the data processing center via the station's internal network to construct the substation environmental data layer and the fiber optic parameter data layer: Historical and real-time environmental data of the target substation are collected by environmental sensors. Environmental sensors are deployed at the fiber optic access and outgoing locations of the substation to upload multi-dimensional environmental data such as temperature, vibration, magnetic field, and optical power in real time. These data serve as input boundary conditions for the simulation model, thus constructing the substation environmental data layer. The initial parameters of the monitored optical fiber, including fiber type, length, number of fusion splices, initial loss value, attenuation data, etc., are integrated into an optical fiber parameter data layer.

[0023] The attenuation data and environmental data for each dimension were collected synchronously at a frequency of 5 minutes each time. The multidimensional environmental data and fiber optic attenuation data were extracted to provide a basis for subsequent analysis.

[0024] It should be noted that the installation and use of various sensors and instruments are already well-known technologies, and the sampling frequency can be adjusted by the implementer.

[0025] Step S2: Obtain slope abrupt change points based on the fluctuations in the attenuation data; segment the attenuation data based on the slope abrupt change points; obtain the environmental impact coefficient of each segment based on the similarity of adjacent attenuation data within each segment and the data changes at the slope abrupt change points; extract low-frequency data from each segment of attenuation data; obtain the merging probability of adjacent segments based on the correlation between the changes in each segment of low-frequency data and each dimension of environmental data, and combine the environmental impact coefficients; and perform attenuation data segmentation and merging.

[0026] Because interference from non-environmental stress factors can cause deviations in the division of different aging stages, the simulation results are inconsistent with the actual application scenario. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate the interference from non-environmental stress factors and accurately divide the attenuation data.

[0027] Considering that fiber aging is a gradual process, theoretically the fiber attenuation aging coefficient increases slowly and nearly linearly over time. Due to the different dominant influencing factors in different states during the attenuation aging process, there are some inflection points with obvious slope changes on the attenuation curve. By segmenting the fiber aging process through these inflection points, it is possible to effectively distinguish the dominant aging factors in the current state and differentiate between different aging stages. Therefore, the slope abrupt change points are obtained based on the fluctuations in the decay data; the decay data is segmented based on the slope abrupt change points, providing a basis for subsequent analysis and merging of the segments.

[0028] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the average slope of change within the time interval is approximated by calculating the difference between decay data at adjacent time points, thus obtaining a first-order difference sequence of decay data, which shows the fluctuation of decay data; Considering that the three-standard-deviation method can set a dynamic and adaptive judgment threshold based on the statistical characteristics of the data sequence itself, the three-standard-deviation method (3σ rule) is used to obtain the abnormal decay threshold, and the slope mutation point is screened out based on the abnormal decay threshold.

[0029] Specifically, the mean and standard deviation of the first-order difference sequence are obtained, and the sum of the mean and three times the standard deviation is used as the abnormal decay threshold. The time points where the difference value is greater than the abnormal decay threshold are marked as slope abrupt change points.

[0030] After obtaining the slope inflection point, the time intervals between the first time point and the first slope inflection point, between adjacent slope inflection points, and between the latest slope inflection point and the current time point are taken as a segment of decay data.

[0031] Each segment includes the left but excludes the right. For example, the first segment includes the first time point in the time series but excludes the first slope change point. The segments with adjacent slope change points include the slope change point on the left but exclude the slope change point on the right. The rightward direction is the positive direction in the time domain. This is because when calculating the first-order difference, the value of the next point is subtracted from the value of the current point to obtain the difference value of the current point. When the slope change point is used as the slope change point, it indicates that an abnormal situation has occurred between the two points, causing the fiber to age instantaneously. At this time, using the slope change point as the starting point of the next segment (stage) can completely capture the attenuation trend and abnormal information after the change. In subsequent calculations and analyses, the first segment does not contain any abrupt changes in slope and can be skipped directly.

[0032] It should be noted that in other embodiments of the present invention, the implementer may also obtain the abnormal attenuation threshold by setting an empirical threshold.

[0033] Considering that environmental changes can cause sudden changes in attenuation data, rather than environmental factors such as electromagnetic pulses from power generation or transient interference from switching operations, which can also cause sudden changes in the instantaneous transmission of information in optical fibers and thus cause sudden changes in attenuation data, these changes do not represent the natural process of actual physical aging of optical fibers, but are caused by the instantaneous external influence on the system itself. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the possibility of environmental influence. Considering that changes in environmental parameters can cause changes in the performance of optical fiber materials, these changes are manifested by altering the amplitude of transient signals generated by the optical fiber. This is reflected in the similarity of adjacent attenuation data within a segment, while the data changes at the slope abrupt change point represent the degree of transient interference. Therefore, based on the similarity of adjacent attenuation data within each segment, and combined with the data changes at the slope abrupt change point, the environmental impact coefficient of each segment is obtained, which characterizes the possibility that each segment is affected by environmental factors.

[0034] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 2 The flowchart illustrates a method for obtaining an environmental impact coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention, specifically including: Step S201: Obtain the instantaneous aging coefficient based on the change in decay data at the slope abrupt change point; obtain the similarity factor based on the similarity of adjacent decay data within each segment.

[0035] At the point of abrupt change in slope, the attenuation data shows an amplitude change, which may be caused by environmental stress or external disturbance. The instantaneous aging coefficient is obtained to quantify the intensity of the abrupt change. Fiber aging is a gradual and continuous process. If the attenuation data within a certain period is mainly affected by environmental factors, then the difference between the attenuation values ​​at adjacent moments will be small, and the overall change will show consistency or smoothness. Therefore, a similarity factor is obtained as the credibility weight of the instantaneous aging coefficient.

[0036] As an example: First, obtain the decay amplitude, that is, the first difference value at the slope abrupt change point is used as the decay amplitude; considering the ratio of the decay amplitude to the maximum decay amplitude, it reflects how prominent the absolute strength of the current mutation is among all mutations. The larger the ratio, the greater the absolute strength; the ratio of the minimum decay amplitude to the maximum decay amplitude reflects the significance of the current mutation. Even if the absolute value of a mutation is not large, it will appear extremely abnormal if it occurs against a background that is originally very calm.

[0037] Based on this, the instantaneous aging coefficient of each slope abrupt change point is obtained by fusing the ratio of the attenuation amplitude to the maximum attenuation amplitude and the ratio of the minimum attenuation amplitude to the attenuation amplitude.

[0038] Specifically, the ratio of the attenuation amplitude divided by the maximum attenuation amplitude and the ratio of the minimum attenuation amplitude divided by the attenuation amplitude are obtained. The product of the two ratios is used as the instantaneous aging coefficient of the corresponding slope abrupt change point, reflecting the data change at the slope abrupt change point.

[0039] Since the sampling frequency is fixed, the ratio can be divided by the time interval between adjacent sampling points, i.e., the ratio represents the attenuation rate. The ratio can naturally eliminate the same time interval, thus isolating the influence of the sampling frequency.

[0040] Considering that the smaller the absolute value of the difference between adjacent decay data, the stronger the smoothness of the decay data and the higher the similarity, we perform negative correlation mapping and fusion on the absolute values ​​of the differences between all adjacent decay data within a segment to obtain the similarity factor of the corresponding segment.

[0041] Specifically, the sum of the absolute difference between each pair of adjacent attenuation data within a segment and a preset positive parameter divided by zero is taken as the reciprocal, and the average of all the reciprocals is used as the similarity factor for the corresponding segment.

[0042] The preset positive parameter for division by zero can be set to 0.01 to prevent the denominator from being zero. Negative correlation mapping is performed by taking the reciprocal to adjust the logical relationship and show the similarity of adjacent attenuation data.

[0043] In other embodiments of the present invention, the implementer may also perform negative correlation adjustment through a negative correlation mapping function such as the exp(-x) function, where the exp(-x) function is an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base and x is the independent variable.

[0044] Step S202: Integrate the similarity factor of each segment of decay data and the instantaneous aging coefficient at the segment start point to obtain the environmental impact coefficient.

[0045] Finally, using the similarity factor as the confidence weight of the instantaneous aging coefficient, the environmental impact coefficient is obtained to characterize the probability that the corresponding segment is affected by the environment.

[0046] As an example, the product of the similarity factor of each segment of decay data and the instantaneous aging coefficient at the starting point of the segment is used as the environmental impact coefficient of the corresponding segment.

[0047] Fiber attenuation data fluctuations caused by non-environmental stress manifest as short-term transient interference, while environmental stress parameters and aging attenuation data remain stable over a long period. Therefore, we can approach this from a frequency domain perspective. Short-term transient changes appear as high-frequency components in the frequency domain data, while long-term stable data appears as a large amount of low-frequency data. By extracting the low-frequency data from each attenuation segment, we can separate the slowly varying components that reflect the true aging trend from transient noise or interference, thereby improving the reliability of segment merging and aging modeling.

[0048] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the processing is performed using short-time Fourier transform, with a window length of 288 (covering 288 samples, sampling every 5 minutes, corresponding to 24 hours), an overlap of 50%, and the FFT length being the nearest power of 2 greater than or equal to the window length, which facilitates spectral interpolation and smoothing. Set an energy percentage threshold, such as 90%, and integrate (accumulate) the square of the amplitude spectrum (representing power) starting from frequency 0 to obtain the cumulative energy curve. Determine the frequency at which the cumulative energy curve reaches the energy percentage threshold as the low-frequency cutoff frequency, then perform low-pass filtering, and finally perform inverse FFT transformation to obtain the component signal containing only low-frequency data.

[0049] It should be noted that, in other embodiments of the present invention, the parameters of the short-time Fourier transform and the energy ratio threshold can be adjusted by the implementer as needed, or a fixed empirical frequency threshold can be set to distinguish between low and high frequencies. We can also find the maximum inflection point of the amplitude spectrum, such as the maximum point of the second-order difference, to determine the low-frequency cutoff frequency, which will not be elaborated further.

[0050] The environmental impact coefficient reflects the likelihood of segments being truly affected by the environment, and also indirectly reflects the likelihood of non-environmental factors affecting the data; while the correlation between low-frequency data and the changes in environmental data for each dimension reflects the consistency and correspondence between specific environmental factors and fiber optic aging trends. Therefore, based on the correlation between the changes in each segment of low-frequency data and each dimension of environmental data, combined with the environmental impact coefficient, the possibility of merging adjacent segments is obtained and attenuation data segments are merged. This avoids excessive segmentation caused by short-term interference, making the merged segments more consistent with the actual aging process of optical fibers under environmental influence, and improving the accuracy of life assessment and early warning.

[0051] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, each segment is selected as the target segment, and each dimension of environmental data is selected as the target environmental data, so as to perform comparative analysis one by one; Considering the correlation between changes in target environmental data and attenuation data at the same time, which reflects the driving effect of environmental factors on fiber attenuation, this can be used to quantitatively describe the degree to which the segment is affected by the environment. Therefore, for the target segment, within the corresponding time domain, the response coefficient is obtained based on the correlation between changes in target environmental data and attenuation data at the same time. As an example, considering that there is an approximate proportional relationship between the fiber attenuation intensity and the intensity of environmental data change under environmental driving conditions, the average value of the ratio of the target environmental data to the attenuation data at the same time is used as the response coefficient of the target segment and the target environmental data. This characterizes the average response level of the attenuation of the segment to the environmental factor and reflects the correlation between the changes in low-frequency data and each dimension of environmental data.

[0052] Attenuation is the amount of power lost over distance or time during signal transmission. It is used to characterize the attenuation trend of optical fiber signal energy. Therefore, the attenuation data, as the denominator, must be greater than zero.

[0053] By constructing a response vector from the response coefficients of the target segment and the environmental data of each dimension, the sensitivity distribution of the segment under the influence of multidimensional environment can be comprehensively characterized. When the response vectors of adjacent segments have high similarity, it indicates that the driving mode of environmental factors is similar. At the same time, the higher the environmental influence coefficient, the more likely it is to be affected by environmental factors. Therefore, based on the similarity between the response vectors of adjacent segments and combined with the environmental impact coefficient, the merging probability of corresponding adjacent segments can be obtained.

[0054] As an example, the product of the average environmental impact coefficient of adjacent segments and the cosine similarity between response vectors is used as the merging probability of corresponding adjacent segments.

[0055] The merging probability is linearly normalized in the corresponding data dimension. The merging threshold is set to 0.68. Two adjacent segments with a merging probability greater than the merging threshold are merged, and the intermediate slope abrupt points are discarded.

[0056] It should be noted that cosine similarity is a well-known technique and will not be elaborated upon further. In other aspects of this invention, the environmental data for each dimension can be linearly normalized separately in their respective data dimensions to avoid a single response coefficient dominating the response vector; the merging threshold can also be adjusted independently.

[0057] Step S3: Match the merged segmented decay data with the simulated experimental data in stages to perform real-time aging status assessment and issue early warnings.

[0058] The merged segments more realistically reflect the different stages of fiber aging. By matching these stages with simulation experimental data, the experimental data can be used to assess the aging status in real time and provide early warnings.

[0059] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 3 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a method for real-time aging status assessment and early warning according to an embodiment of the present invention, specifically including: Step S301: Match the current merged segments with the simulated aging experiment to obtain the predicted current experimental decay data in the experiment.

[0060] The merged segmented attenuation data represents the continuous aging stages of optical fiber under environmental driving conditions. By matching the corresponding stages with the laboratory simulated aging data, the actual monitoring data can be compared with known aging models, thereby quantifying the current aging state and obtaining the predicted current experimental attenuation data.

[0061] As an example, based on the aging response morphology, the measured sequence of the decay data of the latest segment in the current merged segment is obtained as a function of time. For the experimental sequence of each stage in the experimental simulation, the DTW algorithm is used to obtain the DTW similarity between each experimental sequence and the measured sequence. Select the experimental sequence with the highest similarity as the baseline, then extract the alignment path of DTW, and obtain the experimental data corresponding to the latest decay data as the current experimental decay data; In particular, considering that there may be multiple alignment points during DTW alignment, if the current measured attenuation data corresponds to multiple experimental data in the alignment path, the data with the earliest order will be selected.

[0062] In another embodiment of the present invention, the implementer may also calculate the average aging rate (overall slope of the decay data) of the field segments, then calculate the average aging rate of the curves of each stage in the experimental simulation, select the experimental curve whose average aging rate is closest to that of the field, then align the left end of the time domain and read the current experimental decay data; the DTW algorithm is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0063] Step S302: Obtain the performance deviation value based on the difference between the current measured attenuation data and the experimental attenuation data.

[0064] By comparing the measured attenuation data with the predicted data from the simulation experiment, the performance deviation value can be obtained. This value can reflect whether the optical fiber deviates from the expected aging trend in actual operation. It can detect both excessively rapid aging and abnormal fluctuations. Therefore, by comparing the measured data with the experimental simulation, the performance deviation value can be obtained.

[0065] As an example, the difference between the measured attenuation data and the experimental attenuation data is used as the performance deviation value.

[0066] Step S303: Provide real-time early warning based on performance deviation values.

[0067] The deviation value can be used to set a performance abnormality threshold. When the deviation exceeds the performance abnormality threshold, an alarm is triggered immediately, enabling timely response to potential faults or abnormal aging.

[0068] As an example, the performance anomaly threshold is 0.5, with the unit corresponding to the attenuation data in dB / km.

[0069] It should be noted that the warning method may be to display the corresponding icon in the system status bar, flash a yellow light on the monitoring interface, etc. In other embodiments of the present invention, the implementer may adjust the performance abnormality threshold as needed.

[0070] One embodiment of the present invention also provides a simulation system for the aging performance of optical fibers in substations. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4The diagram shows a system block diagram of an aging performance simulation system for substation optical fiber provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes a data acquisition module 401, an aging stage processing module 402, and an early warning module 403.

[0071] The data acquisition module 401 is used to acquire multi-dimensional environmental data of the substation and attenuation data of optical fibers.

[0072] The aging phased processing module 402 is used to obtain slope abrupt change points based on the fluctuations of the decay data; to segment the decay data based on the slope abrupt change points; to obtain the environmental impact coefficient of each segment based on the similarity of adjacent decay data within each segment and the data changes at the slope abrupt change points; to extract the low-frequency data of each segment of decay data; and to obtain the merging probability of adjacent segments based on the correlation between the changes of each segment of low-frequency data and each dimension of environmental data, combined with the environmental impact coefficient, and to merge the decay data segments.

[0073] The early warning module 403 is used to perform phase matching between the merged segmented attenuation data and the simulation experimental data, to conduct real-time aging status assessment and issue early warnings.

[0074] The specific processing procedures of the data acquisition module 401, the aging stage processing module 402, and the early warning module 403 have been described in steps S1-S3 and will not be repeated here.

[0075] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a simulation medium for aging performance of substation optical fibers. The medium includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program. The memory is used to store the corresponding computer program, and the processor is used to run the corresponding computer program. When the computer program runs in the processor, it can realize the aging performance simulation method for substation optical fibers described in steps S1-S3.

[0076] In summary, to address the problem of inaccurate fiber performance predictions caused by the current stage-based aging monitoring and early warning systems for non-environmental stress interference in substations, this invention provides a method, system, and medium for simulating the aging performance of substation optical fibers. This invention first acquires environmental and attenuation data; then, it identifies the slope abrupt change points in the attenuation data and segments the data; further, based on the similarity of adjacent attenuation data within each segment and the data changes at the slope abrupt change points, it obtains the environmental influence coefficient; next, it merges the attenuation data segments based on the correlation between low-frequency data and environmental data changes in each segment; finally, it performs stage-based matching of the merged segmented attenuation data with simulation experimental data to conduct real-time aging status assessment and early warning. This invention, by analyzing the similarity between the low-frequency data of adjacent segments and the environment, as well as the similarity of adjacent data within segments, merges interference segments, and finally matches them with simulation experiments, achieving real-time aging status assessment and early warning of optical fibers, effectively eliminating non-environmental interference and improving prediction accuracy.

[0077] It should be noted that the order of the above embodiments of the present invention is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0078] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for simulating the aging performance of optical fibers in substations, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire multi-dimensional environmental data of the substation and attenuation data of optical fibers; The slope abrupt change points are obtained based on the fluctuations of the attenuation data; the attenuation data is segmented based on the slope abrupt change points; the environmental impact coefficient of each segment is obtained based on the similarity of adjacent attenuation data within each segment and the data changes at the slope abrupt change points; low-frequency data of each segment of the attenuation data is extracted; the possibility of merging adjacent segments is obtained based on the correlation between the low-frequency data of each segment and the changes in each dimension of environmental data and the environmental impact coefficient, and the attenuation data is segmented and merged. The merged segmented decay data is matched with the simulation experimental data in stages to conduct real-time aging status assessment and provide early warning.

2. The aging performance simulation method for optical fibers in substations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the environmental impact coefficient includes: The instantaneous aging coefficient is obtained based on the change in decay data at the slope abrupt change point; the similarity factor is obtained based on the similarity of adjacent decay data within each segment; The environmental impact coefficient is obtained by integrating the similarity factor of each segment of decay data and the instantaneous aging coefficient at the segment start point.

3. The aging performance simulation method for optical fibers in substations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the instantaneous aging coefficient includes: Obtain the attenuation amplitude at each slope abrupt change point; combine the ratio of the attenuation amplitude to the largest attenuation amplitude and the ratio of the smallest attenuation amplitude to the attenuation amplitude to obtain the instantaneous aging coefficient of each slope abrupt change point.

4. The aging performance simulation method for optical fibers in substations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the similarity factor includes: The absolute values ​​of the differences between all adjacent attenuation data within a segment are negatively correlated and fused to obtain the similarity factor for the corresponding segment.

5. The aging performance simulation method for optical fibers in substations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the possibility of merging includes: Each segment is selected as the target segment, and each dimension of environmental data is selected as the target environmental data. For the target segment, within the corresponding time domain, the response coefficient is obtained based on the correlation between the changes in the target environmental data and the attenuation data at the same time. The target segment and the response coefficients of the environmental data for each dimension are used to construct a response vector. Based on the similarity between the response vectors of adjacent segments and combined with the environmental impact coefficient, the merging probability of the corresponding adjacent segments is obtained.

6. The aging performance simulation method for optical fibers in substations according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the response coefficient includes: The average value of the ratio of the target environment data to the attenuation data at the same time is used as the target segment and target environment data response coefficient.

7. The aging performance simulation method for optical fibers in substations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for real-time aging status assessment and early warning includes: The current merged segments are matched with the simulated aging experiment to obtain the predicted current experimental decay data; the performance deviation value is obtained based on the difference between the current measured decay data and the experimental decay data; and real-time warning is given based on the performance deviation value.

8. The aging performance simulation method for optical fibers in substations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the slope abrupt change point includes: Obtain the first-order difference sequence of the attenuation data, use the three-standard-deviation method to obtain the abnormal attenuation threshold, and filter out slope abrupt change points based on the abnormal attenuation threshold.

9. A simulation system for the aging performance of optical fibers in substations, characterized in that, The system includes: The data acquisition module is used to acquire multi-dimensional environmental data of the substation and attenuation data of optical fibers; The aging phased processing module is used to obtain slope abrupt change points based on the fluctuations of the decay data; segment the decay data based on the slope abrupt change points; obtain the environmental impact coefficient of each segment based on the similarity of adjacent decay data within each segment and the data changes at the slope abrupt change points; extract low-frequency data from each segment of the decay data; obtain the merging probability of adjacent segments based on the correlation between the low-frequency data of each segment and the changes in each dimension of environmental data, and combine the environmental impact coefficients; and perform decay data segmentation and merging. The early warning module is used to match the merged segmented decay data with the simulated experimental data in stages, perform real-time aging status assessment, and issue early warnings.

10. A simulation medium for aging performance of optical fibers in substations, the medium comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the aging performance simulation method for substation optical fiber as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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