Three-dimensional suspension structure real-time coaxiality adjustment method of superconducting magnet

Abstract

The application discloses a real-time coaxiality adjusting method for a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet, and relates to the field of superconducting magnet applications. First, the output result of an axial output device is combined, and then the position of the three-dimensional suspension structure is adjusted. Second, the adjusting method is divided into two stages: large-size adjustment in a loose state and small-size fine adjustment in a cold shrink state. The whole adjustment process is carried out in a vacuum environment. The three-dimensional suspension structure can bear the impact load of a three-level highway, and the adjusting method realizes secondary adjustment of the high coaxiality between the magnetic axis of the superconducting magnet and the axis of the output device after long-distance transportation, and realizes high-precision magnetic field output.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of superconducting magnet applications, and particularly relates to a real-time coaxiality adjustment method for a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet, which is used in a scenario where the superconducting magnet is transported over a long distance in a strong vibration road condition and still needs to achieve high-precision magnetic field output after the transportation is completed. BACKGROUND

[0002] The strong magnetic field environment generated by a superconducting magnet is widely used in various scientific instruments and strong magnetic equipment. With the development of strong magnetic equipment, some strong magnetic equipment has higher requirements for the magnetic field output of the central axis of the superconducting magnet. Although the current suspension structure of the superconducting magnet can ensure high axial dimensions after assembly and adjustment, the position will still change after long-distance transportation. If the coaxial tool is used for adjustment again, disassembly work is needed, which is not allowed for the superconducting magnet and the timeliness of use. Therefore, it is an urgent need for the suspension structure of the superconducting magnet to be able to be adjusted in real time. Most suspension structures of superconducting magnets use two-dimensional decoupling structures. The advantage of the two-dimensional structure is that the adjustment process can be decoupled, but the impact resistance is low. The existing Chinese patent applications CN202210492835.8 and CN2022311335575.4 detail the composition of the three-dimensional suspension structure and the method of assembling and adjusting the magnet, but neither of them analyzes the method of secondary adjustment after the displacement of the magnetic axis and the mechanical structure changes. It is necessary to have a flexible adjustment method in a vacuum environment. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a real-time coaxiality adjustment method for a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet, which is based on the structure of the superconducting magnet, the mechanical sensor, the displacement detection system, and adjusts according to the position of the output device. Through the adjustment method of the present application, the coaxiality of the magnetic axis and the output device can be adjusted to 0.05mm again.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A real-time coaxiality adjustment method for a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet, comprising:

[0006] In a vacuum environment, the measured deviation between the magnetic shaft and the output axis is obtained through feedback from the output device. The type of deviation is determined based on the measured deviation. If the deviation exceeds a threshold, a large-size coarse adjustment is first performed. This involves simultaneously tightening or loosening the nuts in the corresponding quadrants of the eight tie rods of the three-dimensional suspension structure, causing the superconducting magnet to translate as a whole to quickly reduce the deviation. The feedback from the displacement detection system is continuously monitored during the large-size coarse adjustment. After the large-size coarse adjustment is completed, a small-size fine adjustment is performed. This involves using the elastic micro-deformation of the tie rods, which are already under tension, to slightly tighten the nuts on only the tie rods located in the deviation quadrant, causing the superconducting magnet to produce a micrometer-level displacement. The feedback from the displacement detection system is continuously monitored during the small-size fine adjustment, and the adjustment stops when the measured deviation drops to within 0.05 mm. The large-size coarse adjustment and the small-size fine adjustment are completed continuously according to the progressive logic of translation followed by micro-movement, without the need to disassemble the superconducting magnet.

[0007] Furthermore, the large-size coarse adjustment further includes: decomposing the measured deviation into upper and lower components and left and right components according to the four spatial quadrants, determining the required rotation angle ratio of the tightening nut for each tie rod based on the size of the components, and achieving translation by synchronously rotating the symmetrical pairs of tie rods in opposite directions.

[0008] Furthermore, the fine-tuning of small dimensions further includes: when the deviation is reduced to the level of hundreds of micrometers, only the tie rods located in the deviation quadrant are tightened, while the remaining tie rods remain locked, and micrometer-level size compensation is completed by utilizing the elastic deformation of the tie rods.

[0009] Furthermore, before proceeding to large-scale coarse adjustment, the rotation reference is determined based on the position of the output device at the large or small end of the superconducting magnet, and then the four spatial quadrants are divided.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotation reference is determined as follows: if the output device is close to the large end of the superconducting magnet, and the direction of the magnetic field lines is from the large end to the small end, the adjustment sequence of the pull rod is based on the one closer to the large end; if it is close to the small end of the superconducting magnet, and the direction of the magnetic field lines is from the small end to the large end, then the small end is used as the reference.

[0011] Furthermore, the proportionality coefficient between the rotation of the tightened nut and the elastic deformation of the tie rod is calibrated offline in the control cabinet during the initial assembly stage using a coaxial adjustment fixture and then fixed therein.

[0012] Furthermore, the real-time angle at which the lever is tightened or loosened is calculated by the control cabinet based on feedback from the displacement detection system in a closed loop, and then the electric wrench is driven to perform the operation.

[0013] Furthermore, the displacement detection system is installed on the side wall of the vacuum Dewar and transmits the displacement data of the superconducting magnet relative to the vacuum Dewar to the control cabinet in real time.

[0014] Furthermore, the three-dimensional suspension structure consists of eight high-strength tie rods, the ends of which are connected to the vacuum Dewar and magnet frame by tightening nuts, forming an adjustable closed-loop mechanical chain.

[0015] Furthermore, the entire adjustment process is completed within the vacuum dewar, without the need to open the vacuum or disassemble any components, and the magnetic field output is restored immediately after adjustment.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Unlike two-dimensional suspension structures where the tie rods are decoupled and can be adjusted left-right and up-down, all tie rods in a three-dimensional suspension structure are interconnected during adjustment. Therefore, this invention solves the problem of coupled adjustment in three-dimensional suspension structures and ensures that the magnet can achieve rapid adjustment with high coaxiality after long-distance maneuvering in complex road conditions.

[0018] 2. The solution of the present invention realizes the adjustment of the three-dimensional suspension structure under different states. In the process of fine adjustment of minute dimensions, precise coaxiality adjustment can be achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional suspension structure involved in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the naming of the eight suspension structures of a superconducting magnet;

[0021] Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of two types of output terminals; where A is the output terminal with the small end as the output terminal, B is the output terminal with the large end as the output terminal and the large end is the output terminal close to the large end, and C is the offset of the output terminal relative to the center point Z calculated by the deviation distance of the output result after determining the position of the output terminal.

[0022] Figure 4 The diagram shows the coaxiality error under different conditions; where A is the left offset end view, B is the 1st quadrant offset end view, C is the downward offset end view, D is the 4th quadrant offset end view, and E is the downward offset lateral view of B.

[0023] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Tightening nut; 2. Three-dimensional suspension structure; 3. Magnet skeleton; 4. Vacuum Dewar; 5. Suspension structure seat; 6. Mechanical sensor; 7. Displacement detection system; 8. Tie rod; F1, First suspension structure; F2, Second suspension structure; F3, Third suspension structure; F4, Fourth suspension structure; F5, Fifth suspension structure; F6, Sixth suspension structure; F7, Seventh suspension structure; F8, Eighth suspension structure. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Based on the examples of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "large end", "small end", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "reserved," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0028] After the superconducting magnet is transported over a long distance, it is structurally assembled with the output device. The output device is installed in the temperature hole of the superconducting magnet. The output of the magnetic field is judged by observing the output result on the target screen of the output device and the change in coaxiality of the target screen's calibrated position. At the same time, the displacement detection system of the superconducting magnet is observed and compared with the initial value. If there is a large change in coaxiality, coaxial adjustment is required.

[0029] Specifically, in the real-time coaxiality adjustment method for a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet according to the present invention, the initial state of the three-dimensional suspension structure is balanced. The mechanical detection system shows that the tension of the eight three-dimensional suspension components is balanced, and the displacement detection system of the superconducting magnet detects that the magnet's position distance is also similar. However, after motorized transport, the superconducting magnet may experience displacement changes with the output device installed in the central hole of the superconducting magnet. At this time, the values ​​of individual units in the displacement detection system and the mechanical detection system change. However, for minute numerical changes, the adjustment must still be determined based on the feedback results from the output device. The real-time coaxiality adjustment method calculates the adjustment dimensions of the three-dimensional suspension structure, and the position adjustment of the three-dimensional suspension structure is completed by rotating the outer side of the three-dimensional suspension structure and tightening the nut. Simultaneously, the adjustment process is observed using the superconducting magnet's own detection system. The values ​​of the detection system return to the initial state, and the output result of the output device is close to the calibrated position.

[0030] The real-time coaxiality adjustment method of the three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet is closely related to the spatial attitude of the three-dimensional suspension structure. The spatial attitude mainly refers to the angle between each suspension structure and the Cartesian coordinate axis. Different angles result in different structural arrangements, and different spatial attitude distributions will affect the adjustment distance of each suspension structure. At the same time, the attitude distribution of the three-dimensional suspension structure greatly affects the impact resistance of the magnet structure. Therefore, the attitude distribution of the three-dimensional suspension structure is optimized with the goal of increasing the natural frequency of the magnet structure.

[0031] Furthermore, when calculating the adjustment dimensions, the real-time coaxiality adjustment method for the three-dimensional suspension structure of the superconducting magnet should first determine the position of the output device, select different calculation modes according to the position, and use the midpoint of the superconducting magnet axis as a reference to determine the position of the output device before and after the midpoint Z of the axis, thereby guiding the next step of adjustment.

[0032] Furthermore, when adjusting the deflection error of coaxiality, attention should be paid to the positional changes of the displacement detection system. The internal structural gaps of the superconducting magnet are limited. If the adjustment process involves continuously tightening the nuts for dimensional adjustment, the superconducting magnet body may come into contact with other structures, which is not allowed.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 consists of eight high-strength tie rods 8, connected between the vacuum Dewar 4 and the magnet frame 3. A tightening nut 1 is installed at the top of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 and presses against the suspension structure base 5. The superconducting magnet's mechanical sensor 6 (as a mechanical detection system) is installed inside the tie rods 8 of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2. The displacement detection system 7 is installed on the side wall of the vacuum Dewar 4. The data collected by the mechanical sensor 6 and the displacement detection system 7 are all concentrated in the data panel of the control cabinet. The three-dimensional suspension structure 2 has two states: relaxed and tightened. The relaxed state of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 corresponds to the large-scale coarse adjustment of the suspension structure, while the tightened state corresponds to the small-scale fine adjustment of the suspension structure.

[0034] The fine-tuning of the small dimensions is achieved by compensating for minor deviations through stress-strain changes in the three-dimensional suspension structure under conditions of excessive mechanical constraints. The spatial attitude of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 mainly depends on three distribution angles of the tie rod 8 in the Cartesian coordinate system. These three distribution angles are the angles between the tie rod 8 and the three Cartesian coordinate axes, and the optimal angle distribution can be calculated based on a mechanical optimization model. That is, the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 is suspended between the vacuum Dewar 4 and the superconducting magnet skeleton 3. In the Cartesian coordinate system, the spatial attitude of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 is represented by a set of angles α, β, and γ formed with the X, Y, and Z coordinate systems. These angles will change due to variations in the size of the superconducting magnet. However, from the perspective of long-distance transportation and impact resistance, the spatial attitude of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 has an optimal structure that can be adjusted according to actual working conditions. By adjusting the spatial attitude of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2, the coaxial accuracy between the magnetic shaft and the output axis is adjusted, and the coaxial deviation is converted into the rotation angle of the tightening nut 1. The suspension structure seat 5 is equipped with corresponding angle scales, and the superconducting magnet is divided into large and small ends according to the end plate size.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the superconducting magnet includes eight suspension structures, designated as suspension structures F1 through F8. Suspension structures F1, F2, F3, and F4 are suspended at the large end, while suspension structures F5, F6, F7, and F8 are suspended at the small end. These eight suspension structures constitute eight tie rods. If we consider the quadrants as 1-4 clockwise from the upper left of the small end, then suspension structures F2 and F5 are located in quadrant 1, F1 and F6 in quadrant 2, F3 and F8 in quadrant 3, and F4 and F7 in quadrant 4.

[0036] The error between the output axis and the superconducting magnet axis is converted into the adjustment dimension of the pull rod 8 through the spatial angle of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 and the size of the pull rod 8, and further converted into the adjustment angle of tightening the nut.

[0037] Preferably, the adjustment error is expressed in four quadrants. For coupled quadrants, decomposition adjustment is used. For example, the deviations in quadrants one and three, and quadrants two and four, can be further decomposed into combinations of up / down and left / right situations during large-scale coarse adjustment. When entering small-scale fine adjustment, the relationship between strain and micro-displacement is used. Size adjustment is performed by calculating the size of the three-dimensional suspension structure to be adjusted based on the small displacement deviation between the output of the output device and the calibrated target value. The small deviation is converted into the rotation angle of tightening nut 1 to tighten the three-dimensional suspension structure 2. The small deviation is compensated by elastic deformation, where σ is the deformation value, E is the elastic modulus of the material, ε is the strain, and α is the deflection angle of the corresponding suspension structure.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the output of the output device strikes the target screen. The position of the calibration target on the target screen is determined by the deviation between the output of the output device and the calibration position. A two-dimensional coordinate system is established with the center of the calibration target's position as the origin, dividing the target screen into four quadrants. Taking the large end as an example, the deflection may occur in the left-right, up-down, and first / third quadrants. Figure 3 13) Quadrants 2 and 4 ( Figure 3 Different coaxial deviations, such as 24 in the example.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the adjustment of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2 of the superconducting magnet is based on the center point Z of the magnet's geometric dimensions as the rotation reference. The position of the output device within the superconducting magnet's hole also affects the adjustment direction of the three-dimensional suspension structure 2. This is mainly because the output deviation of the output device is affected by its position and direction. The adjustment dimension of the pull rod 8 is related to the position of the output device. Therefore, the position of the output device needs to be determined before adjustment. Taking up-down offset as an example, the distance D1 between the output end of the output device and the center point of the superconducting magnet, and the deviation dx of the output result after deflection, can be used to calculate the deflection angle α = arcsin(dx / D1). When the deviation dx is large, this value should be in the millimeter range, allowing for a wide range of adjustments. When the deviation is reduced to the micrometer level, the adjustment displacement of the suspension structure can be calculated using the deflection angle and the dimensions of the superconducting magnet suspension structure. Figure 3 As shown, the output position can be mainly divided into the following three types: close to the little end, with the little end as the output terminal, such as... Figure 3 As shown in Figure A, the output terminal is located closer to the large end, with the large end serving as the output terminal. Figure 3 As shown in Figure B, after determining the position of the output device, the offset of the output device relative to the center point Z can be calculated from the deviation distance of the output result, such as...Figure 3 As shown in C.

[0040] To prevent adjustments from exceeding the limits, a method of relative positional symmetrical adjustment is adopted. Figure 4 Taking the vertical offset of A as an example, tighten suspension structures F1 and F2 by an angle δ (δ is the adjustment angle for tightening the nuts), and loosen suspension structures F7 and F8 by an angle δ. Simultaneously, if... Figure 4 C and Figure 4 When the deviation of D is different, the adjustment angle ratio δxy of each suspension structure is different because the magnitude of the deviation is different in different directions.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the deviation between the output device and the magnetic shaft is divided into four quadrants. For the deviations dxy and dx1y1 in quadrants one and three, and quadrants two and four, during the large-size coarse adjustment, the deviation can be decomposed into simple upper deviation, lower deviation, left deviation, and right deviation, i.e., dxy = upper deviation + lower deviation, dx1y1 = left deviation + right deviation. Based on the magnitude of the deviation in the vertical and horizontal directions, the tightening nut 1 is adjusted according to different proportions: δxy = dx / η x +dy / η y Where δxy is the angle that needs to be adjusted when tightening the nut, dx and dy are the vertical and horizontal dimensions that the pull rod needs to be adjusted, and η is the vertical dimension that needs to be adjusted. x、 η y The vertical and horizontal distribution ratios are determined; when the adjustment error enters the hundreds of micrometers level, adjustments are made according to the suspension structure of the corresponding quadrant, based on the relationship between strain and micro-deformation. Make the corresponding size adjustment, α=arcsin(dx / D1). Based on dx and the calculated σ, convert it into the adjustment angle δ for tightening the nut. During the adjustment process, monitor the displacement change of the displacement detection system in real time to prevent over-adjustment. After the adjustment is completed, the output device outputs the confirmation error again, and the final error reaches below 0.05. Figure 4 A is the left offset end view. Figure 4 B is the offset end-view diagram of quadrant 1. Figure 4 C represents the downward offset end diagram. Figure 4 D is the 4-quadrant offset end-view diagram. Figure 4 E is Figure 4 The downward offset lateral view of B.

[0042] During the assembly and adjustment process, the conversion coefficient η between the coaxiality deviation and the rotation angle of the tightened nut is determined using a coaxial adjustment fixture. .

[0043] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for real-time coaxiality adjustment of a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet, characterized in that, include: In a vacuum environment, the measured deviation between the magnetic shaft and the output axis is obtained through feedback from the output device; The type of deviation is determined based on the measured deviation. If the deviation exceeds the threshold, a large-size coarse adjustment is performed first. This involves simultaneously tightening or loosening the nuts in the corresponding quadrants of the eight tie rods of the three-dimensional suspension structure, causing the superconducting magnet to translate as a whole to quickly reduce the deviation. The feedback from the displacement detection system is continuously monitored during the large-size coarse adjustment. After the large-size coarse adjustment is completed, a small-size fine adjustment is performed. This involves using the elastic micro-deformation of the tie rods, which are already under tension, to slightly tighten the nuts on only the tie rods located in the deviation quadrant, causing the superconducting magnet to produce a micrometer-level displacement. The feedback from the displacement detection system is continuously monitored during the small-size fine adjustment, and the adjustment stops when the measured deviation drops to within 0.05 mm. The large-size coarse adjustment and the small-size fine adjustment are completed continuously according to the progressive logic of translation followed by micro-movement, without the need to disassemble the superconducting magnet. Large-size coarse adjustment further includes: decomposing the measured deviation into upper and lower components and left and right components according to the four spatial quadrants, determining the required rotation angle ratio of the tightening nut for each tie rod based on the size of the components, and achieving translation by synchronously rotating the symmetrical pairs of tie rods in opposite directions. Fine-tuning of small dimensions further includes: when the deviation is reduced to the level of hundreds of micrometers, only the tie rods located in the deviation quadrant are tightened, while the remaining tie rods remain locked, and micrometer-level size compensation is completed by utilizing the elastic deformation of the tie rods.

2. The method for real-time coaxiality adjustment of a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before proceeding with large-scale coarse adjustment, the rotation reference is determined based on the position of the output device at the large or small end of the superconducting magnet, and then the four spatial quadrants are divided.

3. The method for real-time coaxiality adjustment of a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotation reference is determined as follows: if the output device is close to the large end of the superconducting magnet, and the direction of the magnetic field lines is from the large end to the small end, the adjustment sequence of the pull rod is based on the one closer to the large end; if it is close to the small end of the superconducting magnet, and the direction of the magnetic field lines is from the small end to the large end, the small end is used as the reference.

4. The method for real-time coaxiality adjustment of a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The proportionality coefficient between the rotation of the tightened nut and the elastic deformation of the tie rod is calibrated offline using a coaxial adjustment fixture and fixed in the control cabinet during the initial assembly stage.

5. The method for real-time coaxiality adjustment of a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet according to claim 1, characterized in that, During large-size adjustment, the real-time angle of tightening or loosening the lever is calculated by the control cabinet based on feedback from the displacement detection system and the electric wrench is driven to perform the operation.

6. The method for real-time coaxiality adjustment of a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet according to claim 5, characterized in that, The displacement detection system is installed on the side wall of the vacuum Dewar and transmits the displacement data of the superconducting magnet relative to the vacuum Dewar to the control cabinet in real time.

7. The method for real-time coaxiality adjustment of a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional suspension structure consists of eight high-strength tie rods. The ends of the tie rods are connected to the vacuum Dewar and magnet frame by tightening nuts, forming an adjustable closed-loop mechanical chain.

8. The method for real-time coaxiality adjustment of a three-dimensional suspension structure of a superconducting magnet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The entire adjustment process is completed inside the vacuum dewar, without the need to open the vacuum or disassemble any parts, and the magnetic field output is restored immediately after adjustment.

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