Modularized ultra-wide voltage inverter power supply

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of power electronics, and particularly discloses a modular ultra-wide voltage inverter power supply, which comprises a plurality of input sampling circuits with the same structure, a plurality of output sampling circuits with the same structure and a plurality of paths of DCDC conversion module intelligent matching and selecting circuits, the input sampling circuit is used for sampling a voltage signal of an input power supply to obtain a voltage sampling signal; the output sampling circuit is used for sampling the output current signal to obtain a current sampling signal; and the multi-channel DCDC conversion module intelligent matching and selecting circuit is used for receiving the voltage sampling signal and the current sampling signal and controlling DCDC channel selection based on the voltage sampling signal and the current sampling signal. According to the invention, efficient and stable inversion output under ultra-wide voltage input can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of power electronics technology, specifically relating to a modular ultra-wide voltage inverter power supply. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional inverter power supply technology generally has a narrow input voltage range, making it difficult to flexibly adapt to different levels of DC power supplies. This is especially true in applications such as electric vehicles, emergency power supply, or distributed energy storage, where common battery voltage levels range from 12V to 72V. Existing equipment often requires customized inverters of different specifications, resulting in poor system compatibility, high costs, and complex maintenance. Furthermore, existing inverter systems also have shortcomings in safety protection and intelligent control. Common faults such as reverse input connection, abnormal bus voltage, and output overcurrent can easily cause equipment damage or load failure if not addressed promptly.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an inverter power supply that is compatible with ultra-wide input voltage and has intelligent judgment and linkage protection mechanisms to improve the applicability, safety and intelligence of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this application is to provide a modular ultra-wide voltage inverter power supply. This application can achieve efficient and stable inverter output under ultra-wide voltage input and has complete intelligent protection functions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: A modular ultra-wide voltage inverter power supply includes: multiple identical input sampling circuits, multiple identical output sampling circuits, and a multi-channel DC-DC converter module intelligent matching and selection circuit. The input sampling circuits sample the voltage signal of the input power supply to obtain a voltage sampling signal; the output sampling circuits sample the output current signal to obtain a current sampling signal; and the multi-channel DC-DC converter module intelligent matching and selection circuit receives the voltage sampling signal and the current sampling signal, and controls the selection of DC-DC channels based on the voltage sampling signal and the current sampling signal.

[0006] Optionally, the input sampling circuit includes: a protection and voltage sampling module, a buffer and conditioning module, and an analog-to-digital conversion and output interface module, wherein the protection and voltage sampling module is used to perform current limiting and overvoltage protection on the voltage signal of the input power supply; the buffer and conditioning module is used to buffer, amplify, and level-condition the voltage signal after current limiting and overvoltage protection. The analog-to-digital conversion and output interface module is used to sample the conditioned voltage signal and convert it into a first digital signal, and to transmit the first digital signal to the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC conversion module.

[0007] Optionally, the protection and voltage sampling module includes a current-limiting resistor, a sampling capacitor, a TVS diode, and a voltage sensor. The first end of the current-limiting resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the second end of the current-limiting resistor is connected to the first input terminal of the voltage sensor to form a first node. The second input terminal of the voltage sensor is connected to the input terminal of the buffer and conditioning module. The cathode of the TVS diode is connected to the first node, and the anode of the TVS diode is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply to form a second node. The first end of the sampling capacitor is connected to the first node, and the second end of the sampling capacitor is connected to a first ground terminal via the second node.

[0008] Optionally, the buffering and conditioning module includes: a first buffer amplifier, a pull-up resistor, a pull-down resistor, and a second buffer amplifier. The non-inverting input of the first buffer amplifier serves as the input of the buffering and conditioning module. The inverting input of the first buffer amplifier is shorted to its output. The output of the first buffer amplifier is connected to the second node sequentially through the pull-up resistor and the pull-down resistor. The non-inverting input of the second buffer amplifier is connected to the junction of the pull-up resistor and the pull-down resistor. The inverting input of the second buffer amplifier is shorted to its output. The output of the second buffer amplifier is connected to the input of the analog-to-digital converter and output interface module.

[0009] Optionally, the output sampling circuit includes a current sampling module, a buffer and clamping protection module, a conversion module, an isolation and amplification module, and an output interface module. The current sampling module converts the current signal in the AC power line into an induced current signal. The buffer and clamping protection module performs voltage-following buffering on the induced current signal. The conversion module converts the buffered induced current signal into an equivalent DC true RMS signal. The isolation and amplification module provides electrical isolation and amplification of the DC true RMS signal. The output interface module samples the amplified DC true RMS signal and converts it into a second digital signal, and transmits the second digital signal to the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC conversion module.

[0010] Optionally, the current sampling module includes: a resettable fuse, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a current transformer. The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the power phase line via the resettable fuse, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the neutral line via the primary side of the current transformer. One end of the secondary side of the current transformer is connected to a second ground terminal, and the other end of the secondary side of the current transformer is connected to the input terminal of the buffer and clamping protection module to form a third node. The first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the third node, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the third ground terminal.

[0011] Optionally, the buffer and clamping protection module includes: a first operational amplifier, a second capacitor, a first diode, and a second diode. The non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier serves as the input of the buffer and clamping protection module. The inverting input of the first operational amplifier is shorted to its output. The positive pin of the first operational amplifier is connected to a +5V power supply, and the negative pin is connected to a -5V power supply. The output of the first operational amplifier is connected to the first input of the conversion module to form a fourth node. The first end of the second capacitor is connected to the output of the first operational amplifier, and the second end of the second capacitor is connected to a fourth ground terminal. The cathode of the first diode is connected to the fourth node, and the anode of the first diode is connected to the second input of the conversion module and simultaneously connected to a -5V power supply. The anode of the second diode is connected to the fourth node, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to a +5V power supply.

[0012] Optionally, the isolation and amplification module includes: a second operational amplifier, a digital isolator, a third capacitor, a sixth resistor, and a seventh resistor, wherein the input terminal of the digital isolator serves as the input terminal of the isolation and amplification module, and the output terminal of the digital isolator is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier to form a fifth node; the first terminal of the third capacitor is connected to the fifth node, and the second terminal of the third capacitor is connected to an eighth ground terminal; The first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the inverting input of the second operational amplifier to form a sixth node, and the second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the ninth ground terminal; the first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the sixth node, and the second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the output terminal of the second operational amplifier; the output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the output interface module; the positive pin of the second operational amplifier is connected to a +5V power supply, and the negative pin of the second operational amplifier is connected to a -5V power supply.

[0013] Optionally, the output interface module includes: an eighth resistor, a ferrite bead, and a second analog-to-digital converter, wherein the first end of the ferrite bead serves as the input end of the output interface module, and the second end of the ferrite bead is connected to the input end of the second analog-to-digital converter through the eighth resistor; the output end of the second analog-to-digital converter is connected to the second input end of the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC conversion module. Optionally, the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC converter module includes: a microcontroller (MCU), multiple voltage follower buffer branches, and a multi-channel analog switch. The input pins of the MCU are connected to the input sampling circuit and the output sampling circuit, used to receive digital sampling signals of the input voltage and output current in real time. The output pins of the MCU are connected to the control terminal of the multi-channel analog switch. The output terminals of the multiple voltage follower buffer branches are respectively connected to the input terminals of the multi-channel analog switch, and the output terminals of the multi-channel analog switch are connected to the DC-DC control module.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application, by setting up multiple identical input and output sampling circuits and introducing intelligent matching and selection circuits for multiple DC-DC conversion modules, enables real-time monitoring and data acquisition of input voltage and output current. Based on the sampling results, it dynamically analyzes and selects the optimal DC-DC boost channel. This application improves the inverter's adaptability to various input voltage levels, achieves intelligent matching and efficient regulation of power modules, thereby improving system stability, conversion efficiency, and energy utilization, and ultimately meeting the diverse power supply performance requirements under complex load environments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a modular ultra-wide voltage inverter power supply provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the input sampling circuit provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the output sampling circuit provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC conversion module provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0016] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows: 11. Protection and voltage sampling module; 12. Buffer and conditioning module; 13. Analog-to-digital conversion and output interface module; 21. Current sampling module; 22. Buffer and clamping protection module; 23. Conversion module; 24. Isolation and amplification module; 25. Output interface module. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Specific embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While specific embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of this application and to fully convey the scope of this application to those skilled in the art.

[0018] It should be noted that certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art will understand that different terms may be used to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in terminology, but rather on differences in function. The terms "comprising" or "including" used throughout the specification and claims are open-ended and should be interpreted as "comprising but not limited to." The following descriptions in the specification are preferred embodiments for carrying out this application; however, these descriptions are for the purpose of understanding the general principles of the specification and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. The scope of protection of this application shall be determined by the appended claims.

[0019] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following will provide further explanation and description with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the accompanying drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application.

[0020] In one exemplary embodiment, this application provides a modular ultra-wide voltage inverter power supply, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the modular ultra-wide voltage inverter power supply includes multiple identical input sampling circuits, multiple identical output sampling circuits, and a multi-channel DC-DC conversion module intelligent matching and selection circuit. The input sampling circuits sample the voltage signal of the input power supply to obtain a voltage sampling signal; the output sampling circuits sample the output current signal to obtain a current sampling signal; and the multi-channel DC-DC conversion module intelligent matching and selection circuit receives the voltage sampling signal and the current sampling signal, and controls the selection of DC-DC channels based on these signals.

[0021] In this embodiment, the modular ultra-wide voltage inverter power supply also includes a reverse connection protection circuit, a push-pull circuit, a bridge rectifier H-bridge inverter circuit, and a drive protection circuit. This power supply can stably convert various levels of DC input voltage (such as 12V, 24V, 48V, 60V, 72V) into a 220V, 50Hz AC output for the load. First, the reverse connection protection circuit protects the polarity of the input power supply, preventing incorrect power connection. Then, the power input undergoes DC / DC boosting via the push-pull circuit, converting the low-voltage DC (such as 12V, 24V, 48V, 60V, 72V) to a higher voltage. Next, a filtering circuit removes voltage fluctuations and ripple, ensuring voltage stability. Finally, the voltage undergoes DC / AC conversion via the bridge rectifier H-bridge inverter circuit, converting the DC to a stable 220V, 50Hz AC for the load. The drive protection circuit provides overcurrent protection and voltage regulation throughout the process, ensuring safe system operation.

[0022] The drive control and protection section adopts a dual PWM chip architecture. IC1 is used for low-voltage side control, responsible for push-pull boost drive, overvoltage / undervoltage / overcurrent protection, and receiving fault feedback from IC2. IC2 is responsible for high-voltage side control, sampling the high-voltage DC bus voltage and outputting a dynamic PWM signal to adjust the inverter output. It also has a blocking function for the inverter bridge; once a bus or output abnormality is detected, it immediately cuts off the inverter output and notifies IC1 to terminate the upstream power supply. The two chips cooperate to achieve linked protection and intelligent control of the upstream and downstream circuits, greatly improving the system's safety, stability, and response speed, ensuring fast and reliable electrical protection for the load and the inverter itself under any abnormal conditions.

[0023] It should be noted that, in this application, the reverse connection protection circuit can adopt a conventional reverse connection protection structure composed of Schottky diodes (such as 1N5822) or P-channel MOSFETs (such as AO3401); the push-pull circuit can adopt a center-tapped push-pull boost topology composed of dual MOSFETs driven by general-purpose PWM chips such as SG3525 or TL494; the voltage filtering circuit can be a standard LC or π-type filter; and the full-bridge inverter circuit can be a full-bridge structure based on devices such as EG8010 and IR2110. The driving circuit can adopt SG3525, which is a PWM control chip commonly used in push-pull circuits and switching power supply drives. It is widely used in DC-DC boost / buck conversion, voltage regulation, and overcurrent protection applications, and can provide precise frequency control and protection functions, suitable for efficient power conversion. In summary, the above circuits have been widely used in the prior art, and their principles and structures are well known to those skilled in the art, therefore they are not included in the protection scope of this application.

[0024] In another exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, the input sampling circuit includes a protection and voltage sampling module 11, a buffer and conditioning module 12, and an analog-to-digital conversion and output interface module 13. The protection and voltage sampling module 11 is used to limit the current and protect the voltage signal of the input power supply from overvoltage. The buffer and conditioning module 12 is used to buffer, amplify, and condition the voltage signal after current limiting and overvoltage protection. The analog-to-digital conversion and output interface module 13 is used to sample the conditioned voltage signal and convert it into a first digital signal, and to transmit the first digital signal to the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC conversion module.

[0025] In another exemplary embodiment, the protection and voltage sampling module 11 includes a current-limiting resistor R1, a sampling capacitor C1, a TVS diode D1, and a voltage sensor VS. The first end of the current-limiting resistor R1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the second end of the current-limiting resistor R1 is connected to the first input terminal of the voltage sensor VS to form a first node N1. The second input terminal of the voltage sensor VS is connected to the input terminal of the buffer and conditioning module 12. The cathode of the TVS diode D1 is connected to the first node N1, and the anode of the TVS diode D1 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply to form a second node N2. The first end of the sampling capacitor C1 is connected to the first node N1, and the second end of the sampling capacitor C1 is connected to the first ground terminal G1 via the second node N2.

[0026] In this embodiment, the module aims to provide front-end protection and accurate voltage sampling for the input power supply. Its workflow is as follows: First, the input signal from the positive terminal of the power supply enters the module through a current-limiting resistor R1. R1 primarily suppresses sudden current surges, preventing damage to subsequent circuits and providing initial current limitation. Next, R1 connects to the input terminal of the voltage sensor VS to form the first node N1, where the voltage sampling signal is extracted. To cope with potential surge voltages or spike interference, the cathode of the TVS diode D1 is connected to N1, and the anode is grounded. Once the input voltage exceeds its breakdown voltage threshold, the TVS diode conducts, quickly clamping and releasing the overvoltage energy to ground, protecting subsequent devices. Simultaneously, the sampling capacitor C1 is connected in parallel between the first node N1 and ground. Its function is to filter and stabilize the input signal, reducing high-frequency noise and interference, enhancing the smoothness of the sampling signal, and improving measurement accuracy. Finally, the voltage signal, after initial protection and filtering, is transmitted to the voltage sensor VS, which performs high-precision voltage measurement and then transmits it to the subsequent buffering and conditioning module 12.

[0027] In summary, the protection and voltage sampling module 11 achieves current limiting protection through the current limiting resistor R1, high-energy surge suppression through the TVS diode D1, and smooths the waveform and improves the sampling quality through the sampling capacitor C1. This effectively enhances the power supply's anti-interference capability while ensuring the stability and accuracy of the measurement signal.

[0028] In another exemplary embodiment, the buffering and conditioning module 12 includes a first buffer amplifier U1, a pull-up resistor R2, a pull-down resistor R3, and a second buffer amplifier U2. The non-inverting input of the first buffer amplifier U1 serves as the input of the buffering and conditioning module 12, and the inverting input of the first buffer amplifier U1 is shorted to its output. The output of the first buffer amplifier U1 is connected to the second node N2 in sequence through the pull-up resistor R2 and the pull-down resistor R3. The non-inverting input of the second buffer amplifier U2 is connected to the connection point of the pull-up resistor R2 and the pull-down resistor R3, and the inverting input of the second buffer amplifier U2 is shorted to its output. The output of the second buffer amplifier U2 is connected to the input of the analog-to-digital conversion and output interface module 13.

[0029] In this embodiment, the module is mainly used to buffer, amplify, and level-condition the voltage signal from the protection and voltage sampling module 11 to ensure that it meets the requirements of subsequent analog-to-digital conversion. The module includes two-stage buffer amplifiers U1 and U2, and a resistor network consisting of pull-up resistors R2 and R3, forming a voltage conditioning path with level limiting and signal stabilization functions. First, the first buffer amplifier U1 is configured as a unity-gain voltage follower. Its non-inverting input receives the voltage signal output from the voltage sensor VS, and its inverting input is shorted to the output, effectively providing high input impedance and low output impedance to prevent interference from the preceding signal source. The output signal of the first buffer amplifier U1 passes through a voltage divider and current-limiting network consisting of pull-up resistors R2 and R3. This network not only appropriately adjusts the signal level but also has current-limiting and anti-interference functions. Specifically, pull-up resistor R2 pulls the output signal of the first buffer amplifier U1 to a higher potential to match the input range of ADC1, while pull-down resistor R3 provides current-limiting protection and suppresses voltage spikes. Subsequently, the voltage divider signal is received and buffered again by the second buffer amplifier U2, which also operates in voltage follower mode to ensure that the signal finally sent to the analog-to-digital converter and output interface module 13 has good driving capability, low noise, high stability and precise level control capability.

[0030] In summary, this module, through its double-buffered design and resistor network, effectively solves problems such as signal distortion, level offset, and insufficient drive, which helps to significantly improve the system's sampling accuracy of input voltage, anti-interference capability, and reliability of analog-to-digital conversion.

[0031] In another exemplary embodiment, the analog-to-digital converter and output interface module 13 includes a first analog-to-digital converter ADC1, wherein the analog input pin AIN of the first analog-to-digital converter ADC1 serves as the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter and output interface module 13, and the digital output pin DOUT1 of the first analog-to-digital converter ADC1 is connected to the first input terminal of the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multiplex DC-DC converter module.

[0032] In this embodiment, the analog voltage signal output by the second buffer amplifier U2 is fed into the analog input pin AIN of ADC1. After undergoing pre-stage current limiting, protection, filtering, and level conditioning, this analog voltage signal possesses a high signal-to-noise ratio and suitable level for analog-to-digital conversion. Internally, ADC1 maps the input voltage to the corresponding digital code value proportionally based on the set sampling precision (e.g., 10-bit, 12-bit, or 16-bit) and reference voltage. After the sampling period is triggered, ADC1 begins acquiring the voltage on AIN and completes quantization and encoding processing. After conversion, the digital result is output from the digital output pin DOUT of ADC1 and transmitted to the first input terminal of the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC conversion module.

[0033] In another exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the output sampling circuit includes a current sampling module 21, a buffer and clamping protection module 22, a conversion module 23, an isolation and amplification module 24, and an output interface module 25. The current sampling module 21 converts the current signal in the AC power line into an induced current signal; the buffer and clamping protection module 22 performs voltage-following buffering on the induced current signal; the conversion module 23 converts the buffered induced current signal into an equivalent DC true RMS signal; the isolation and amplification module 24 provides electrical isolation and amplification of the DC true RMS signal; and the output interface module 25 samples the amplified DC true RMS signal and converts it into a second digital signal, and transmits the second digital signal to the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC conversion module.

[0034] In another exemplary embodiment, the current sampling module 21 includes a resettable fuse F, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a current transformer CT. The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the power phase line L through the resettable fuse F. The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the neutral line N through the primary side of the current transformer CT. One end of the secondary side of the current transformer CT is connected to the second ground terminal G2. The other end of the secondary side of the current transformer CT is connected to the input terminal of the buffer and clamping protection module 22 to form a third node N3. The first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the third node N3, and the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the third ground terminal G3.

[0035] In this embodiment, the power phase line L is connected to the module through a self-resetting fuse F. The self-resetting fuse F has the ability to automatically disconnect and recover from overcurrent. Once the current is abnormally high, it can quickly melt to prevent equipment damage or safety accidents. It can also automatically close after the current returns to normal, which helps to improve the system's anti-abnormal capability and maintenance convenience. Next, the current flows to the primary side of the current transformer CT through the fourth resistor R4 connected in series, and finally to the neutral line N. The fourth resistor R4 not only limits the current here, but also suppresses the saturation effect of current surges on the current transformer core, maintaining a stable magnetic field response. As an electromagnetic isolation element, the current transformer CT converts the primary side AC current into the secondary side induced current through its magnetic coupling structure, realizing electrical isolation from the high-voltage main circuit and improving system safety. After the secondary side output current of the current transformer CT forms a loop through the ground terminal G2, it outputs an induced signal from the other end to the input terminal of the buffer and clamping protection module 22, and at the same time forms a third node N3 for sampling signal extraction. To further stabilize the induced signal, the fifth resistor R5 is connected between the third node N3 and the third ground terminal G3, which serves to match the load and limit the voltage, while suppressing signal fluctuations and reducing high-frequency noise interference.

[0036] In summary, this module, through its triple mechanisms of current limiting protection, magnetic isolation, and impedance regulation, not only ensures the accuracy and linear response of current sampling but also enhances the system's anti-interference capability and operational safety, serving as the foundational front-end for subsequent current analysis and control algorithms.

[0037] In another exemplary embodiment, the buffer and clamping protection module 22 includes a first operational amplifier U3, a second capacitor C2, a first diode D2, and a second diode D3. The non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier U3 serves as the input of the buffer and clamping protection module 22. The inverting input of the first operational amplifier U3 is shorted to its output. The positive pin of the first operational amplifier U3 is connected to a +5V power supply, and the negative pin is connected to a -5V power supply. The output of the first operational amplifier U3 is connected to the first input of the conversion module 23 to form a fourth node N4. The first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the output of the first operational amplifier U3, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to a fourth ground terminal G4. The cathode of the first diode D2 is connected to the fourth node N4, and the anode of the first diode D2 is connected to the second input of the conversion module 23 and simultaneously connected to a -5V power supply. The anode of the second diode D3 is connected to the fourth node N4, and the cathode of the second diode D3 is connected to a +5V power supply.

[0038] In this embodiment, the module is responsible for voltage buffering and stabilization of the induced current signal from the current transformer (CT), and has overvoltage clamping protection to ensure that the subsequent conversion module 23 can receive and process signals within a safe and reliable voltage range. First, the first operational amplifier U3 forms a unity-gain voltage follower. Its non-inverting input receives the voltage signal from the secondary winding of the CT. Since the inverting input and output of the first operational amplifier U3 are shorted, this structure provides extremely high input impedance and extremely low output impedance, effectively isolating the load of the preceding signal source while improving signal driving capability and ensuring linear response of the subsequent sampling stage. The output of the first operational amplifier U3 is not only directly connected to the first input of the conversion module 23, but also connected in parallel to the second capacitor C2 to the fourth ground terminal G4. The second capacitor C2 acts as a low-pass filter, suppressing high-frequency noise and spike interference, and improving signal smoothness and signal-to-noise ratio.

[0039] To prevent damage to the conversion chip due to excessively high voltage in abnormal current signals, this module also incorporates a bipolar clamping protection mechanism. Diodes D2 and D3 are connected between the fourth node N4 and the ±5V power supply, respectively. The cathode of diode D2 is connected to the fourth node N4, and the anode to the -5V power supply. Similarly, the anode of diode D3 is connected to the fourth node N4, and the cathode to the +5V power supply. When the output voltage of the first operational amplifier U3 is within the ±5V range, both diodes D2 and D3 are cut off, ensuring normal signal transmission. However, if interference or surges cause the output voltage to exceed +5V or fall below the -5V threshold, the corresponding diodes will conduct, diverting excess current to the power rail or ground, thus clamping the output voltage within a safe range and protecting the conversion module from damage.

[0040] In summary, this module combines high-impedance buffering, noise filtering, and amplitude limiting clamping, which not only improves the transmission stability and accuracy of the current sampling signal, but also enhances the system's robustness against overvoltage and interference.

[0041] In another exemplary embodiment, the conversion module 23 includes a true RMS-DC converter, wherein the first input pin IN1 of the true RMS-DC converter serves as the first input terminal of the conversion module 23, and the negative clamping pin VSS of the true RMS-DC converter serves as the second input terminal of the conversion module 23.

[0042] In this embodiment, the first input pin IN1 of the true RMS-DC converter receives the processed voltage signal output from the buffer and clamping protection module 22. Internally, the RMS-DC is based on the principles of multiplication, integration, and square root operations. It first performs real-time squaring and averaging filtering on the input signal, then takes its square root to obtain a DC voltage output that purely reflects the energy intensity, independent of the input AC voltage waveform. This output voltage is proportional to the true RMS value of the input signal. Furthermore, the negative clamping pin VSS is used to set the negative power supply terminal of the device, ensuring the linear response and electrical safety of the converter during negative half-cycle signal processing. The true RMS-DC converter has extremely high accuracy, stability, and excellent low-distortion characteristics. Regardless of how the waveform of the input AC signal changes (such as sine wave, square wave, pulse, etc.), the output result can accurately reflect its effective energy, avoiding errors caused by traditional peak or average value measurements.

[0043] Furthermore, in the peripheral circuit connections of the RMS-DC true RMS converter, the configuration of each pin ensures its operational stability, electrical safety, and signal output accuracy. First, the ground pin GND of the RMS-DC is connected to the fifth ground terminal G5, forming the power supply and signal reference for the entire device, ensuring the normal operation of the internal analog and digital circuits. The EANLE# pin of the RMS-DC is connected to the sixth ground terminal G6, employing a low-level enable logic design. Grounding this pin ensures it remains active, preventing the converter from shutting down or becoming unstable due to floating or high levels. The signal reference ground pin OUT RTN of the RMS-DC is connected to the seventh ground terminal G7. This pin serves as the reference loop ground for the output signal, matching the VOUT output path to form a closed-loop signal chain, improving the integrity and anti-interference capability of the output signal. The power supply pin VDD of the RMS-DC is connected to a +5V power supply, providing a stable power supply to the RMS-DC and ensuring the normal operation of its internal precision analog circuitry. The second input pin IN2 of the true RMS-DC converter is shorted to the first input pin IN1. This shorting means that a single-ended input mode is used, processing only one input channel. This is suitable for the single-ended signal structure of most current transformer secondary side outputs, improving adaptability and circuit simplicity. The output pin VOUT of the true RMS-DC converter is connected to the input terminal of the isolation and amplification module 24, which can accurately transmit the processed DC true RMS signal to the subsequent signal chain for further isolation, amplification, and sampling.

[0044] In another exemplary embodiment, the isolation and amplification module 24 includes a second operational amplifier U4, a digital isolator ISO, a third capacitor C3, a sixth resistor R6, and a seventh resistor R7. The input terminal of the digital isolator ISO serves as the input terminal of the isolation and amplification module 24. The output terminal of the digital isolator ISO is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U4 to form a fifth node N5. The first terminal of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the fifth node N5, and the second terminal of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the eighth ground terminal G8. The first terminal of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U4 to form a sixth node N6, and the second terminal of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the ninth ground terminal G9. The first terminal of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the sixth node N6, and the second terminal of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the output terminal of the second operational amplifier U4. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier U4 is connected to the input terminal of the output interface module 25. The positive pin of the second operational amplifier U4 is connected to a +5V power supply, and the negative pin of the second operational amplifier U4 is connected to a -5V power supply.

[0045] In this embodiment, the module provides electrical isolation and precision amplification of the low-level DC signal from the true RMS-DC converter to ensure the accuracy of subsequent signal sampling and the electrical safety of the system. First, the input of the digital isolator ISO receives the true RMS-DC output voltage signal and transmits it from the primary side to the secondary side via optocouplers or magnetic couplings. Its output is connected to the non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier U4, forming signal node N5, achieving electrical isolation while maintaining signal integrity. To improve anti-interference capability, a third capacitor C3 is connected in parallel to ground (G8) at node N5, forming a low-pass filter network to further suppress high-frequency noise and stabilize the signal. In the amplification section, the second operational amplifier U4 adopts a differential amplifier structure. Its inverting input is connected to ground (G9) through a sixth resistor R6, and simultaneously forms a negative feedback loop with a seventh resistor R7, giving the output of the second operational amplifier U4 good linear gain and stability. Finally, the output of the second operational amplifier U4 is connected to the input of the output interface module 25, sending the isolated and amplified signal to the analog-to-digital converter for high-precision sampling.

[0046] In summary, this module, through the dual approach of "digital isolation + precision operational amplifier amplification," not only effectively eliminates potential ground potential differences and common-mode interference that may be introduced into the signal chain, ensuring system safety and signal purity, but also linearly amplifies weak current signals, improving measurement resolution.

[0047] In another exemplary embodiment, the output interface module 25 includes an eighth resistor R8, a ferrite bead FB, and a second analog-to-digital converter ADC2. The first end of the ferrite bead FB serves as the input end of the output interface module 25, and the second end of the ferrite bead FB is connected to the input end of the second analog-to-digital converter ADC2 through the eighth resistor R8. The digital output pin DOUT2 of the second analog-to-digital converter ADC2 is connected to the second input end of the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multiplex DC-DC conversion module. In this implementation, this module is mainly used to filter and suppress interference on the DC signal output from the isolation and amplification module 24, and then send it to the second analog-to-digital converter (ADC2) for high-precision digital sampling, thereby achieving accurate monitoring and intelligent control feedback of the true RMS value of the load current. First, the analog voltage signal from the output of the second operational amplifier U4 enters the module's input terminal, namely the first terminal of the ferrite bead FB. The ferrite bead FB acts as a high-frequency noise filter here; its inductive characteristics provide extremely high impedance to high-frequency interference, effectively suppressing high-frequency interference introduced by switching power supplies, electromagnetic radiation, etc., on the signal line, improving signal purity and sampling accuracy. After passing through the ferrite bead, the signal enters its second terminal, then is current-limited by the eighth resistor R8 and provided with impedance matching, finally being sent to the input terminal of the second ADC2. The second ADC2 performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog signal, outputting the corresponding digital signal. This digital output is transmitted to the second input terminal of the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC converter module, and used in conjunction with the input-side sampling results to allow the control logic to judge the load status, evaluate the operating current, and further guide the DC-DC module to dynamically select the optimal channel, achieving high-efficiency power supply regulation.

[0048] In summary, this module significantly enhances the signal chain's anti-interference capability through the combined filtering and impedance conditioning of ferrite beads and resistors. At the same time, with the high-precision ADC sampling, it can ensure the accurate acquisition of the true RMS value of the current, thereby providing reliable output data support for intelligent matching control strategies.

[0049] In another exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 4As shown, the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC converter module includes a microcontroller (MCU), multiple voltage follower buffer branches, and a multi-channel analog switch. The input pins of the MCU are connected to the input sampling circuit and the output sampling circuit (for example, the first input pin ADC_CH1 of the MCU is connected to the digital output pin DOUT1 of the first analog-to-digital converter ADC1 in the input sampling circuit, and the second input pin ADC_CH2 of the MCU is connected to the digital output pin DOUT2 of the second analog-to-digital converter ADC2 in the output sampling circuit), used to receive digital sampling signals of input voltage and output current in real time. The output pins of the MCU (e.g., GPIO output pins) are connected to the control terminals of the multi-channel analog switch. The output terminals of the multiple voltage follower buffer branches are respectively connected to the input terminals of the multi-channel analog switch, and the output terminals of the multi-channel analog switch are connected to the DC-DC control module.

[0050] In this embodiment, the microcontroller (MCU) receives digital sampling signals from the input and output sampling circuits to monitor the input voltage and output current in real time. The MCU has preset channel matching parameters for comparing and analyzing the sampled data to determine the optimal DC-DC operating channel under the current voltage and current conditions. Based on this, it outputs control signals to the multi-channel analog switch to select the corresponding channel for conduction. Multiple voltage-following buffer branches receive externally conditioned analog control signals, and their outputs are connected to the inputs of the multi-channel analog switch. Under the control of the MCU, the multi-channel analog switch selects and activates the output signal of a specific buffer branch and transmits this signal to the DC-DC control module through its common output terminal. This enables dynamic voltage or current adjustment of the DC-DC channel, thereby achieving intelligent channel selection and precise control under different input sources or load conditions.

[0051] Furthermore, this application describes the circuit structure of one of the voltage follower buffer branches as an example, such as... Figure 4As shown, the voltage follower buffer branch includes a third operational amplifier U5, a ninth resistor R9, a fourth capacitor C4, a third diode D4, and a fourth diode D5. The non-inverting input of the third operational amplifier U5 is connected to the first analog control voltage output pin Vctr1 of the microcontroller MCU (similarly, the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier in the other voltage follower buffer branch is connected to the second analog control voltage output pin Vctr2 of the MCU, and so on). The inverting input of the third operational amplifier U5 is shorted to its output. The output of the third operational amplifier U5 is connected to the multiplexer through the ninth resistor R9. The first input pin IN1 of the analog switch is connected (similarly, the output of the operational amplifier in the other voltage follower buffer branch is connected to the second input pin IN2 of the multiplex analog switch, and so on); the first end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the connection point of the ninth resistor R9 and the multiplex analog switch, and the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the ninth ground terminal G9; the anode of the third diode D4 is connected to the output terminal of the third operational amplifier U5, the cathode of the third diode D4 is connected to the +5V power supply, the anode of the fourth diode D5 is connected to the -5V power supply, and the cathode of the fourth diode D5 is connected to the output terminal of the third operational amplifier U5.

[0052] In the voltage follower buffer branch described above, the third operational amplifier U5 adopts a voltage follower structure. Its non-inverting input receives the analog control voltage signal generated by the microcontroller MCU, and its inverting input is shorted to the output to form a unity-gain negative feedback loop. This ensures that the output voltage always closely follows the input signal and has the characteristics of high input impedance and low output impedance. This configuration ensures that the front-end signal source is not disturbed by load changes, while enhancing the driving capability of the multi-channel analog switch. The output of the third operational amplifier U5 is connected to the first input pin of the multi-channel analog switch through the ninth resistor R9. The ninth resistor R9 serves both as a current limiter and participates in the construction of the RC filter network.

[0053] To further optimize signal quality, a small-capacity bypass capacitor C4 is connected in parallel between the ninth resistor R9 and the analog switch input to form a first-order low-pass filter, which can effectively suppress high-frequency spikes, EMI interference, etc., improve signal response speed and stability, and ensure that the control voltage input to the multi-channel analog switch is smooth and accurate.

[0054] In addition, the output terminal of the fourth operational amplifier U5 is also connected to a third protection diode D4 and a fourth protection diode D5, which respectively implement overvoltage and undervoltage clamping protection. The anode of the third diode D4 is connected to the output terminal of the third operational amplifier U5, and the cathode is connected to the +5V power supply, which can be used to prevent the output voltage from exceeding the power supply limit due to abnormal rise. The anode of the fourth diode D5 is connected to the -5V power supply, and the cathode is connected to the output terminal of the third operational amplifier U5, which is used to quickly conduct protection when the output voltage is too low (approaching or below -5V), forming a bidirectional limiting mechanism.

[0055] In summary, this voltage follower buffer branch has multiple functions such as signal buffering, fast drive, filtering and anti-interference, and overvoltage clamping protection. While ensuring the integrity and stability of the control signal, it greatly improves the on / off accuracy of multi-channel analog switches and the system response efficiency, and is a key supporting circuit for realizing reliable analog channel control.

[0056] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A modular ultra-wide voltage inverter power supply, characterized in that, The modular ultra-wide voltage inverter power supply includes: Multiple identical input sampling circuits, multiple identical output sampling circuits, and a multi-channel DC-DC converter module intelligent matching and selection circuit are included. The input sampling circuit is used to sample the voltage signal of the input power supply to obtain a voltage sampling signal; The output sampling circuit is used to sample the output current signal to obtain a current sampling signal; The intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC conversion module is used to receive the voltage sampling signal and the current sampling signal, and control the selection of DC-DC channels based on the voltage sampling signal and the current sampling signal.

2. The power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input sampling circuit includes: The module includes a protection and voltage sampling module, a buffer and conditioning module, and an analog-to-digital conversion and output interface module. The protection and voltage sampling module is used to limit current and provide overvoltage protection for the voltage signal of the input power supply. The buffering and conditioning module is used to buffer, amplify, and condition the voltage signal after current limiting and overvoltage protection. The analog-to-digital conversion and output interface module is used to sample the conditioned voltage signal and convert it into a first digital signal, and to transmit the first digital signal to the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC conversion module.

3. The power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protection and voltage sampling module includes: Current-limiting resistor, sampling capacitor, TVS diode, and voltage sensor, among which, The first end of the current-limiting resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, the second end of the current-limiting resistor is connected to the first input terminal of the voltage sensor to form a first node, and the second input terminal of the voltage sensor is connected to the input terminal of the buffer and conditioning module. The cathode of the TVS tube is connected to the first node, and the anode of the TVS tube is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply to form the second node. The first end of the sampling capacitor is connected to the first node, and the second end of the sampling capacitor is connected to the first ground terminal via the second node.

4. The power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that, The buffering and conditioning module includes: The system consists of a first buffer amplifier, a pull-up resistor, a pull-down resistor, and a second buffer amplifier. The non-inverting input terminal of the first buffer amplifier serves as the input terminal of the buffer and conditioning module, the inverting input terminal of the first buffer amplifier is shorted to its output terminal, and the output terminal of the first buffer amplifier is connected to the second node in sequence through the pull-up resistor and the pull-down resistor; The non-inverting input terminal of the second buffer amplifier is connected to the connection point of the pull-up resistor and the pull-down resistor, the inverting input terminal of the second buffer amplifier is shorted to its output terminal, and the output terminal of the second buffer amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter and output interface module.

5. The power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output sampling circuit includes: The module includes a current sampling module, a buffer and clamping protection module, a conversion module, an isolation and amplification module, and an output interface module. The current sampling module is used to convert the current signal in the AC power line into an induced current signal. The buffer and clamping protection module is used to perform voltage following buffering on the induced current signal; The conversion module is used to convert the buffered induced current signal into an equivalent DC true RMS signal. The isolation and amplification module is used for electrical isolation and amplification of the DC true RMS signal; The output interface module is used to sample the amplified DC true RMS signal and convert it into a second digital signal, and to transmit the second digital signal to the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC conversion module.

6. The power supply according to claim 5, characterized in that, The current sampling module includes: The components include a resettable fuse, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a current transformer. The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the power phase line through the self-resetting fuse, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the neutral line through the primary side of the transformer. One end of the secondary side of the current transformer is connected to the second ground terminal, and the other end of the secondary side of the current transformer is connected to the input terminal of the buffer and clamping protection module to form a third node; The first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the third node, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the third grounding terminal.

7. The power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that, The buffer and clamping protection module includes: The system comprises a first operational amplifier, a second capacitor, a first diode, and a second diode, wherein... The non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier serves as the input terminal of the buffer and clamping protection module. The inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is shorted to its output terminal. The positive pin of the first operational amplifier is connected to a +5V power supply, and the negative pin of the first operational amplifier is connected to a -5V power supply. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the first input terminal of the conversion module to form a fourth node. The first end of the second capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the second end of the second capacitor is connected to the fourth ground terminal. The cathode of the first diode is connected to the fourth node, and the anode of the first diode is connected to the second input terminal of the conversion module and simultaneously connected to a -5V power supply. The anode of the second diode is connected to the fourth node, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to a +5V power supply.

8. The power supply according to claim 5, characterized in that, The isolation and amplification module includes: The second operational amplifier, digital isolator, third capacitor, sixth resistor, and seventh resistor, among which, The input terminal of the digital isolator serves as the input terminal of the isolation and amplification module, and the output terminal of the digital isolator is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier to form a fifth node; The first end of the third capacitor is connected to the fifth node, and the second end of the third capacitor is connected to the eighth ground terminal. The first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the inverting input of the second operational amplifier to form the sixth node, and the second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the ninth ground terminal. The first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the sixth node, and the second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the output of the second operational amplifier. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the output interface module; The positive pin of the second operational amplifier is connected to a +5V power supply, and the negative pin of the second operational amplifier is connected to a -5V power supply.

9. The power supply according to claim 8, characterized in that, The output interface module includes: The eighth component is a resistor, a ferrite bead, and the second is an analog-to-digital converter. The first end of the magnetic bead serves as the input end of the output interface module, and the second end of the magnetic bead is connected to the input end of the second analog-to-digital converter through the eighth resistor; The output of the second analog-to-digital converter is connected to the second input of the intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC conversion module.

10. The power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent matching and selection circuit of the multi-channel DC-DC converter module includes: The microcontroller (MCU), multiple voltage follower buffer branches, and multiple analog switches, among which, The input pins of the microcontroller (MCU) are connected to the input sampling circuit and the output sampling circuit, and are used to receive digital sampling signals of input voltage and output current in real time. The output pin of the microcontroller (MCU) is connected to the control terminal of the multiplex analog switch. The outputs of the multiple voltage follower buffer branches are respectively connected to the inputs of the multi-channel analog switch, and the outputs of the multi-channel analog switch are connected to the DC-DC control module.

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