A coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous preparation device system and a preparation method

Abstract

The application provides a coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous preparation device system and a preparation method. The coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous preparation device system comprises a grading and quality separation unit and a biological activation soil preparation unit arranged in sequence along a material conveying direction. The grading and quality separation unit comprises a crushing module, a first-stage screening module, a second-stage screening module, a first storage bin, a second storage bin and a third storage bin. The biological activation soil preparation unit comprises a batching module, a degradation reaction tank, a microbial agent storage tank and an auxiliary bin. The application realizes large-scale continuous production of coal gangue-based artificial soil by taking coal-based solid waste as raw material, and produces coal and hard aggregate in parallel, realizes full-component utilization of coal gangue through grading and quality separation, rapidly and deeply decomposes pollutants in coal gangue, and rapidly constructs a healthy soil structure, and the prepared coal gangue-based artificial soil can be widely applied to mine repair surface covering soil and degraded soil improvement such as sandy land.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solid waste resource utilization and ecological restoration materials, and relates to the preparation of artificial soil, especially to a continuous preparation device system and preparation method for coal gangue-based artificial soil. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue refers to rocks with a dry basis ash content >50% generated during coal mine construction, development, mining, and coal washing. Broadly defined, it is a type of coal-based solid waste. my country's annual coal production is approximately 4 billion tons, ranking first in the world, while its annual coal gangue production reaches 800 million tons, with a current accumulated stockpile of nearly 7.5 billion tons. Although the application of coal gangue in power generation and building materials is quite mature, the highly concentrated production areas, massive output, and constraints imposed by the market capacity and transportation radius of building materials result in a comprehensive utilization rate of only about 60%. Furthermore, the annual increase in stockpile is still 200-300 million tons, posing a significant disposal pressure and necessitating the development of new large-scale utilization methods for coal gangue.

[0003] Given the homology and similarity between coal gangue and healthy soil in terms of phase composition and chemical composition, relevant enterprises and research institutions have begun to explore the use of coal gangue for backfilling and land reclamation in open-pit mining dumps, coal mining subsidence areas, and natural gullies. However, most coal-producing areas are located in arid or semi-arid regions, where desertification and salinization have led to severe soil degradation. Implementing the above-mentioned utilization often requires transporting large amounts of topsoil as surface soil to achieve the construction of a healthy soil layer and vegetation restoration. Because coal gangue typically contains common soil clay minerals such as kaolin and feldspar, which are very similar to the inorganic components of soil, and also contains various chemical elements essential for plant growth such as silicon, iron, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as 5% to 30% organic carbon sources, it is a good parent material for soil formation. Using coal gangue to prepare artificial soil to replace imported soil for the ecological restoration of degraded soil has natural advantages and is expected to become a promising technical approach for the large-scale utilization of coal gangue. It has also become one of the recent research hotspots for the large-scale utilization of coal gangue, but so far there have been no reports of industrial application.

[0004] CN110999753A discloses an artificial ecological substrate and its preparation method, which involves crushing coal gangue, adding microbial agents, mixing it evenly with plant-derived organic matter, and then processing it using a traditional composting fermentation process to prepare the artificial ecological substrate. CN111011159A discloses a method for preparing an ecologically improved substrate based on coal gangue and sludge, which involves crushing coal gangue and mixing it with 10-40 parts of sludge and 5-15 parts of fly ash, and then processing it using a traditional composting fermentation process to prepare a matured ecologically improved substrate. The application ratio of coal gangue in the above inventions is relatively low (≤70%), which cannot meet the demand for large-scale disposal of coal gangue stockpiles. Furthermore, coal gangue storage sites are usually far from densely populated areas such as cities and industrial parks. The availability and transportation costs of large quantities of municipal sludge, agricultural and forestry waste, and other organic matter matching the volume of coal gangue undoubtedly reduce the operability and economic viability of the technology. More importantly, the valuable coal content in coal gangue is not being fully utilized, and excessive coal content may lead to excessive levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzo[a]pyrene. In addition, the biotoxic pyrite / heavy metal components and hard and difficult-to-weather silicate minerals in coal gangue are unsuitable for soil making. If they are directly introduced into the soil, they will not only pose certain ecological risks, but also reduce soil quality.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for a system and method that can achieve efficient utilization of coal gangue by different grades, and also generate good ecological and economic benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a continuous preparation device system and method for coal gangue-based artificial soil. This system enables large-scale continuous production of coal gangue-based artificial soil, yields high-quality coal gangue-based artificial soil, and co-produces low-quality coal and hard aggregates. It also achieves graded and graded utilization of coal gangue and full-component utilization, thereby realizing large-scale on-site disposal of coal gangue and ecologically safe utilization of coal gangue-based artificial soil. This invention has broad application and promotion prospects.

[0007] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a continuous preparation device system for coal gangue-based artificial soil, comprising a grading and sorting unit and a bio-activated soil preparation unit arranged sequentially along the material conveying direction; the grading and sorting unit includes a crushing module, a primary screening module, a secondary screening module, a first storage bin, a second storage bin, and a third storage bin, wherein the crushing module, the primary screening module, the secondary screening module, and the first storage bin are connected sequentially along the material conveying direction, for sorting the material into soil-making gangue, finely ground gangue, and ground soil with different particle sizes. The coarse gangue, the primary screening module and the secondary screening module are respectively connected to the second storage bin and the third storage bin, the soil-making gangue is fed into the first storage bin, the finely ground gangue is fed into the second storage bin, and the coarsely ground gangue is fed into the third storage bin; the bio-activated soil-making unit includes a batching module, a degradation reaction tank, a microbial agent storage tank and an auxiliary material bin, the inlet end of the batching module is connected to the first storage bin, the microbial agent storage tank and the auxiliary material bin respectively, and the outlet end of the batching module is connected to the degradation reaction tank.

[0009] This invention mechanically grades and classifies coal gangue raw materials to obtain low-quality coal and hard aggregates for recycling. After producing soil-making gangue, it undergoes microbial detoxification and activation, which can rapidly and deeply decompose pollutants in coal gangue and construct a healthy soil structure to obtain high-quality coal gangue-based artificial soil. This artificial soil can be widely used in mine restoration topsoil and degraded soil improvement such as sandy land, realizing the large-scale on-site disposal of coal gangue and the ecologically safe utilization of coal gangue-based artificial soil.

[0010] The coal gangue raw material described in this invention can be bulk coal-based solid waste coal gangue.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the continuous preparation device system for coal gangue-based artificial soil further includes a coarse screening module, which is connected to the inlet end of the crushing module.

[0012] Preferably, the coarse screening module includes a coarse screening device and a feeding screening device connected sequentially along the material conveying direction, and the feeding screening device is connected to the crushing module.

[0013] Preferably, the crushing module includes at least one crushing device.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the primary screening module includes a first grinding device and a first screening device. The inlet end of the first grinding device is connected to the crushing module, the outlet end of the first grinding device is connected to the inlet end of the first screening device, and the outlet end of the first screening device is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the secondary screening module, and the other path is connected to the second storage bin.

[0015] The secondary screening module includes a second grinding device and a second screening device. The inlet end of the second grinding device is connected to the primary screening module, and the outlet end of the second grinding device is connected to the inlet end of the second screening device. The outlet end of the second screening device is divided into two paths, one of which is connected to the first storage bin and the other of which is connected to the third storage bin.

[0016] This invention, by setting up a primary screening module and a secondary screening module, can continuously and simultaneously output two groups of particle sizes and properties that differ significantly, and can flexibly control the particle size and product structure of the output.

[0017] Preferably, the outlet end of the second screening device is also connected to the inlet end of the second grinding device.

[0018] Preferably, the primary screening module further includes a first transition chamber, the inlet end of which is connected to the crushing module, and the outlet end of which is connected to the inlet end of the first grinding device.

[0019] Preferably, the secondary screening module further includes a second transition chamber, the inlet end of which is connected to the primary screening module, and the outlet end of which is connected to the inlet end of the second grinding device.

[0020] Preferably, one of the inlet terminals of the second screening device is connected to the second transition chamber.

[0021] Preferably, both the first transition chamber and the second transition chamber are equipped with a feeding assembly.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ingredient preparation module includes a mixing and stirring device, the inlet of which is connected to the first storage bin, the auxiliary bin and the microbial agent storage tank respectively, and the outlet of which is connected to the degradation reaction tank.

[0023] Preferably, the first storage bin, the first auxiliary bin, and the second auxiliary bin are independently connected to the mixing and stirring device via a load-bearing metering belt.

[0024] Preferably, the mixing and stirring device is connected to the first storage bin, the first auxiliary material bin, and the second auxiliary material bin via conveyor belts, and the bottom of the first storage bin, the first auxiliary material bin, and the second auxiliary material bin are independently equipped with weighing and metering components.

[0025] Preferably, the bio-activated soil preparation unit further includes a packaging device connected to the outlet end of the degradation reaction tank.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cloth assembly is provided on the top of the degradation reaction tank, and a turning and tumbling assembly is provided in the inner cavity of the degradation reaction tank.

[0027] This invention utilizes a fabric assembly to achieve uniform fabric distribution and employs a turning and tumbling assembly to turn and tumble the material in the degradation reaction tank. The working surface of the turning and tumbling assembly can cover the entire area of ​​the degradation reaction tank, making the reaction in the degradation reaction tank more uniform and complete.

[0028] Preferably, the degradation reaction tank is equipped with a metering water tank, and the turning and throwing assembly is equipped with an atomizing water replenishment component, which is connected to the metering water tank.

[0029] Preferably, an aeration and water control component is also provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the degradation reaction tank.

[0030] Secondly, the present invention provides a continuous preparation method for coal gangue-based artificial soil, wherein the continuous preparation method for coal gangue-based artificial soil employs the continuous preparation device system for coal gangue-based artificial soil described in the first aspect, and the preparation method includes:

[0031] The coal gangue raw material is subjected to crushing and primary screening processes in sequence to obtain finely ground gangue and coarse material on the screen. The finely ground gangue is sent to the second storage silo, and the coarse material on the screen is subjected to secondary screening processes to obtain coarsely ground gangue and soil-making gangue. The soil-making gangue and the coarsely ground gangue are sent to the first storage silo and the third storage silo, respectively.

[0032] The soil gangue in the first storage silo is fed into the batching module, and microbial agents and auxiliary materials are added and mixed to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The homogeneous mixture is then fed into the degradation reaction tank to react and obtain artificial soil.

[0033] This invention involves mechanically grading and classifying coal gangue, followed by microbial detoxification and activation to produce high-quality artificial soil. This process also generates low-quality coal and hard aggregates, achieving full-scale, graded utilization of coal gangue.

[0034] The gangue used in this invention is a suitable raw material for preparing artificial soil. The aluminum-silicon ratio (Al / Si, mass ratio) of the gangue raw material is 0.2 to 0.8. The main mineral phases such as quartz, kaolinite, calcite, feldspar and mica have a content of more than 90%, and the clay mineral components such as kaolinite have a content of more than 10%.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method further includes: performing coarse screening on the coal gangue raw material before the crushing process.

[0036] Preferably, the particle size of the coal gangue raw material after coarse screening is <500mm, and more preferably <210mm.

[0037] Preferably, the particle size of the crushed coal gangue raw material is <200mm, and more preferably <80mm.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the primary screening process includes a grinding and a screening performed sequentially to obtain finely ground gangue and coarse material on the sieve.

[0039] Preferably, the secondary screening process includes: sequentially grinding and screening the coarse material on the screen to obtain coarse ground gangue, medium ground gangue, and soil-making gangue.

[0040] Preferably, the secondary screening process further includes: returning the gangue from the grinding process to the secondary grinding stage to repeat the secondary grinding and secondary screening to obtain the soil gangue.

[0041] Preferably, the primary grinding process employs ball milling.

[0042] Preferably, the ball-to-material ratio in the first grinding is ≤0.5, for example, it can be 0.1, 0.12, 0.15, 0.18, 0.2, 0.22, 0.25, 0.28, 0.3, 0.35, 0.38, 0.4, 0.45, 0.48 or 0.5, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable, and it is further preferred to be 0.15 to 0.3.

[0043] Preferably, the particle size of the finely ground slag is <0.75mm; more preferably, the particle size is <0.25mm.

[0044] Preferably, the primary grinding process employs ball milling.

[0045] Preferably, the ball-to-material ratio in the secondary grinding is >0.3, for example, it can be 0.3, 0.32, 0.35, 0.4, 0.42, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.58, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.8 or 0.9, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable, and it is further preferred to be 0.4 to 0.6.

[0046] Preferably, the particle size of the coarse grinding material is ≥5mm.

[0047] Preferably, the particle size of the soil gangue is ≤3mm; more preferably, the particle size is <0.75mm.

[0048] This invention improves the quality of artificial soil by strictly controlling the particle size of each stage of the product and by using deep phase dissociation and selective crushing to separate and remove unsuitable soil-making components from coal gangue to the greatest extent possible.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the excipients include organic excipients and inorganic excipients.

[0050] Preferably, the mixing process includes: mixing the soil gangue, organic additives and inorganic additives in a primary manner to obtain a mixture, adding the microbial agent to the mixture for a secondary mixing, and stirring to obtain the homogeneous mixture.

[0051] The microbial agent in this invention can be bacteria and / or fungi. The main targets of the microbial agent are inorganic minerals and residual coal organic matter in coal gangue. It can degrade toxic components such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and benzene compounds in coal gangue, and promote the weathering of inorganic minerals in coal gangue, thereby activating the release of beneficial elements from the coal gangue.

[0052] Preferably, the organic auxiliary material includes organic fertilizer.

[0053] Preferably, the inorganic auxiliary material includes clean fly ash and / or fly ash with heavy metals removed.

[0054] Preferably, the clean fly ash and the fly ash with heavy metals removed meet the screening value requirements for soil pollutants in agricultural land as specified in GB15618-2018.

[0055] Preferably, the mass fraction of the soil gangue in the mixture is 50% to 99%, for example, it can be 50%, 52%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 68%, 70%, 73%, 75%, 76%, 78%, 80%, 82%, 85%, 88%, 90%, 92%, 93%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable, preferably 60% to 80%.

[0056] The mass fraction of the organic excipient is 1% to 30%, for example, it can be 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 28% or 30%, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable, preferably 1% to 10%.

[0057] The mass fraction of the inorganic excipient is 0% to 30%, for example, it can be 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 28%, or 30%, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable, preferably 1% to 10%.

[0058] It should be noted that the inorganic excipient mass fraction of 0% means that no additional inorganic excipients are added.

[0059] Preferably, the mass fraction of the microbial agent in the homogeneous mixture is 0.03-0.2%, for example, it can be 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.1%, 0.12%, 0.14%, 0.15%, 0.16%, or 0.2%, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable, preferably 0.05-0.1%.

[0060] This invention effectively regulates the chemical composition and mineral structure of the soil mixture by controlling the ratio of soil gangue to auxiliary materials, and promotes the rapid shaping of large aggregate structure of artificial soil by adjusting the type and amount of microbial agents applied, thereby improving the soil quality and performance of artificial soil.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction temperature in the degradation reaction tank is 15 to 40°C, for example, it can be 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C or 40°C, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0062] Preferably, the reaction humidity in the degradation reaction tank is 1% to 30%, for example, it can be 10%, 12%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 28% or 30%, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0063] Preferably, the reaction cycle in the degradation reaction tank is 15 to 45 days, for example, it can be 15 days, 18 days, 20 days, 22 days, 25 days, 28 days, 30 days, 33 days, 35 days, 40 days or 45 days, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0064] Preferably, the degradation reaction tank is subjected to turning and aeration treatments during the reaction process.

[0065] The system refers to an equipment system, device system, or production device.

[0066] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0067] (1) The present invention provides a continuous preparation device system and preparation method for coal gangue-based artificial soil. Through graded sorting coupled with microbial detoxification-activation soil treatment, it can continuously produce coal gangue-based artificial soil on a large scale and co-produce low-quality coal and hard aggregate, realizing the full-quantity and graded utilization of coal gangue.

[0068] (2) The graded sorting process of coal gangue in this invention can achieve deep phase dissociation of coal gangue and selective separation of components unsuitable for soil making, thereby improving the performance and quality of soil making raw materials; by controlling the particle size of the material to obtain the required particle size of soil making material, the efficiency and reaction rate of microbial action are improved, which can accelerate the weathering and soil making process of coal gangue, and at the same time, the pollutants in the coal gangue are rapidly and deeply decomposed and transformed.

[0069] (3) This invention uses suitable coal gangue and exogenous auxiliary materials to scientifically regulate the mineral composition and nutrient structure of the raw materials. With the help of microbial agents, it can promote the transformation of powder raw materials into water-stable large aggregates, quickly build a healthy soil structure. The coal gangue-based artificial soil can be directly applied to mine restoration of surface cover soil and improvement of degraded soils such as sandy land, realizing the large-scale on-site disposal of coal gangue and the ecological and safe utilization of coal gangue-based artificial soil, generating good ecological and economic benefits.

[0070] (4) This invention can achieve good treatment results and high-quality artificial soil products by combining and modifying multiple sources of coal gangue raw materials through system combination and method. The modification mechanism is flexible and has high applicability and reproducibility. Attached Figure Description

[0071] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of a continuous preparation device system for coal gangue-based artificial soil provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of a continuous preparation device system for coal gangue-based artificial soil provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0073] Among them, 10-coarse screening module; 101-coarse screening device; 102-feeding screening device; 20-crushing module; 201-crushing device; 30-primary screening module; 301-first transition bin; 302-first ball mill device; 303-first screening device; 40-secondary screening module; 401-second transition bin; 402-second ball mill device; 403-second screening device; 50-first storage bin; 60-second storage bin; 70-third storage bin; 80-batching module; 801-mixing and stirring device; 802-microbial agent storage tank; 803-first auxiliary material bin; 804-second auxiliary material bin; 90-degradation reaction tank; 100-packing device. Detailed Implementation

[0074] It should be understood that in the description of this invention, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0075] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0076] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0077] In one specific embodiment, the present invention provides a continuous preparation device system for coal gangue-based artificial soil, comprising a grading and sorting unit and a bio-activated soil preparation unit arranged sequentially along the material conveying direction. The material can be bulk coal gangue, a type of coal-based solid waste. The grading and sorting unit includes a crushing module, a primary screening module, a secondary screening module, a first storage silo, a second storage silo, and a third storage silo. The crushing module, primary screening module, secondary screening module, and first storage silo are connected sequentially along the material conveying direction to perform deep phase dissociation on the coal gangue raw material, selectively separate components unsuitable for soil preparation, and sort the material into soil-making gangue, finely ground gangue, and coarsely ground gangue with different particle sizes. The soil-making gangue is fed into the first storage silo. The primary screening module is connected to the second storage silo, and the finely ground gangue is fed into the second storage silo, i.e., the selectively separated low-quality coal is recovered. The secondary screening module is connected to the third storage silo, and the ground coarse gangue is fed into the third storage silo for the selectively separated hard aggregate to be recycled. The bio-activated soil production unit includes a batching module, a degradation reaction tank, a microbial agent storage tank, and an auxiliary material silo. The inlet of the batching module is connected to the first storage silo, the microbial agent storage tank, and the auxiliary material silo, respectively. The outlet of the batching module is connected to the degradation reaction tank, realizing the compounding of soil-making gangue with exogenous auxiliary materials, regulating the mineral composition and nutrient structure of the soil-making gangue, and supplementing it with microbial detoxification and activation to quickly build a healthy soil structure.

[0078] In this invention, different units, modules, and devices are connected and transported using conventional solid material conveying devices such as conveyor belts or bucket elevators.

[0079] In some embodiments, the continuous preparation device system for coal gangue-based artificial soil further includes a coarse screening module connected to the inlet end of the crushing module. Specifically, the coarse screening module includes a coarse screening device and a feeding screening device connected sequentially along the material conveying direction. The feeding screening device is connected to the crushing module to screen out large-particle materials from the coal gangue raw material.

[0080] In some embodiments, the crushing module includes at least one crushing device. The crushing device in this invention is a device that selectively crushes materials based on differences in their hardness and crushing resistance, including but not limited to any one or a combination of at least two of the following: compression crushers, jaw crushers, cone crushers, and roller crushers, which are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0081] In some embodiments, the primary screening module includes a first grinding device and a first screening device. The inlet of the first grinding device is connected to the crushing module, and the outlet of the first grinding device is connected to the inlet of the first screening device. The outlet of the first screening device is divided into two paths: one path connects to the secondary screening module, and the other path connects to the second storage silo. The first grinding device and the first screening device are connected by a belt conveyor to classify the ground material. The outlet of the first screening device is divided into two paths, sending a portion of the classified material to the secondary screening module for further screening, and sending the other portion to the second storage silo for recycling. The secondary screening module includes a second grinding device and a second screening device. The inlet of the second grinding device is connected to the primary screening module, and the outlet of the second grinding device is connected to the inlet of the second screening device. The outlet of the second screening device is divided into two paths: one path connects to the first storage silo, and the other path connects to the third storage silo. The second grinding device and the second screening device are connected by a belt conveyor to further classify the ground material. The outlet of the second screening device is divided into two paths, sending a portion of the classified material to the first transition silo, and sending the other portion to the third storage silo for recycling. Specifically, both the first and second grinding devices are ball mills, which can continuously and simultaneously output two sets of particle sizes with significant differences.

[0082] Furthermore, the outlet end of the second screening device is also connected to the inlet end of the second grinding device. The product particle size in the primary screening module and the secondary screening module can be directly adjusted by adjusting the mesh diameter of the screens of the first screening device and the second screening device. For the discharge of the second screening device, it is necessary to add a screen with a mesh diameter corresponding to the target particle size and add a discharge outlet. The medium-sized gangue, whose particle size range is between coarse gangue and soil gangue, is sent to the second grinding device by a belt conveyor device for secondary grinding treatment until it meets the requirements and is then sent to the first storage silo.

[0083] In some embodiments, the primary screening module further includes a first transition chamber, the inlet of which is connected to the crushing module, and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the first grinding device. The outlet of the first transition chamber is equipped with a feeding assembly and connected to the inlet of the first grinding device to supply material to it. The first grinding device and the first screening device are connected via a belt conveyor to classify the ground material. The outlet of the first screening device is divided into two paths: one path sends a portion of the classified material to the secondary screening module, and the other path sends the remaining material to a second storage silo for recycling.

[0084] The secondary screening module also includes a second transition chamber. The inlet of the second transition chamber is connected to the primary screening module, and the outlet of the second transition chamber is connected to the inlet of the second grinding device. The outlet of the second transition chamber is equipped with a feeding assembly, which is connected to the inlet of the second grinding device to supply material to it. The second grinding device and the second screening device are connected via a belt conveyor to further classify the ground material. The outlet of the second screening device is divided into two paths: one path sends a portion of the classified material to the first transition chamber, and the other path sends the remaining material to the third storage silo for recycling.

[0085] Furthermore, one of the inlet terminals of the second screening device is connected to the second transition bin. The discharge from the second screening device requires the addition of a screen with a mesh diameter corresponding to the target particle size and an additional discharge outlet. The medium-sized gangue, with a particle size range between coarse gangue and soil gangue, is conveyed to the second transition bin via a belt conveyor. It then enters the second grinding device and the second screening device for secondary grinding treatment until the requirements are met, after which it is sent to the first storage bin.

[0086] In some embodiments, a feeding assembly is provided at the outlet end of the first storage silo to control the feeding rate, thereby continuously and stably transporting the soil gangue to the bio-activated soil production unit via a belt conveyor.

[0087] In some embodiments, the batching module includes a mixing and stirring device. The inlet of the mixing and stirring device is connected to the first storage silo, the auxiliary material silo, and the microbial agent storage tank, respectively, and the outlet of the mixing and stirring device is connected to the degradation reaction tank. The auxiliary material silo is used to store auxiliary materials. The mixing and stirring device is used to mix the microbial agent into the mixture of soil gangue and auxiliary materials, homogenize it to obtain a homogeneous mixture, and then send it into the degradation reaction tank for degradation reaction.

[0088] Furthermore, the auxiliary material silo includes a first auxiliary material silo and a second auxiliary material silo, which are independently connected to the mixing and stirring device. The first auxiliary material silo stores organic auxiliary materials, and the second auxiliary material silo stores inorganic auxiliary materials.

[0089] To improve the reaction effect, the present invention also prepares each material according to the dosage ratio and strictly controls the material ratio, specifically providing the following two schemes: (1) The first storage silo, the first auxiliary material silo, and the second auxiliary material silo are independently connected to the mixing and stirring device through a load-bearing metering belt. The load-bearing metering belt refers to a metering belt with a weighing function, which is well known to those skilled in the art, to weigh each material separately and send it into the mixing and stirring device after the material ratio is met. (2) The mixing and stirring device is connected to the first storage silo, the first auxiliary material silo, and the second auxiliary material silo respectively through a conveyor belt. The bottom of the first storage silo, the first auxiliary material silo, and the second auxiliary material silo are independently equipped with weighing and metering components. The conveyor belt is a conventional transport belt well known to those skilled in the art. The weighing and metering components include, but are not limited to, a discharge machine with a metering function. The materials are weighed by the weighing and metering components independently configured in the first storage silo, the first auxiliary material silo, and the second auxiliary material silo to meet the material ratio and then send them into the mixing and stirring device.

[0090] Furthermore, the mixing and stirring device is connected to the microbial agent storage tank via a metering pump pipeline to quantitatively deliver the microbial agent. This invention does not specifically limit the form of the microbial agent; it can be a liquid or a solid microbial agent. When using a liquid microbial agent, the auxiliary materials are first fed into the mixing and stirring device, and then the microbial agent and water are directly pumped into the mixing and stirring device via the metering pump. When using a solid microbial agent, the auxiliary materials and the microbial agent are first weighed separately and then fed into the mixing and stirring device, and then water is pumped into the mixing and stirring device for mixing.

[0091] In some embodiments, the bio-activated soil preparation unit further includes a packaging device connected to the outlet end of the degradation reaction tank via a belt conveyor for packaging the artificial soil to obtain bagged coal gangue-based artificial soil products.

[0092] In some embodiments, a material distribution assembly is provided at the top of the degradation reaction tank, a metering water tank is configured in the degradation reaction tank, and a turning and mixing assembly is provided in the inner cavity of the degradation reaction tank. The turning and mixing assembly is equipped with an atomizing water supply component, which is connected to the metering water tank as the turning and mixing assembly reciprocates. An aeration and water control assembly is also provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the degradation reaction tank. In this invention, the material distribution assembly is connected to the mixing and stirring device via a belt conveyor, and is used to uniformly distribute the homogeneous mixture of soil-making gangue, auxiliary materials, and microbial agents into the inner cavity of the degradation reaction tank. After undergoing the turning and mixing action of the turning and mixing assembly, combined with aeration and microbial action, coal gangue-based artificial soil is obtained after a certain reaction cycle under mild operating conditions.

[0093] It should be noted that this invention does not specifically limit the structure of the fabric assembly, turning and turning assembly, aeration and water control assembly, and atomizing water replenishment component. Any related structure commonly used by those skilled in the art can be adopted. Those skilled in the art can add layouts based on the process flow and equipment structure selection; this invention does not impose special requirements or specific limitations in this regard. Furthermore, the degradation reaction tank can also be remotely controlled via a programmable logic controller, local remote control, or local power distribution cabinet operation. The related hardware, software, and electromechanical control technologies are all common technologies in this field.

[0094] In another specific embodiment, the present invention provides a continuous preparation method for coal gangue-based artificial soil. The continuous preparation method employs a continuous preparation device system for coal gangue-based artificial soil as described in a specific embodiment. The preparation method includes:

[0095] S1: The coal gangue raw material is crushed and screened in sequence to obtain finely ground gangue and coarse material on the screen. The finely ground gangue is sent to the second storage bin. The coarse material on the screen is screened in the second stage to obtain coarsely ground gangue and gangue for making soil. The gangue for making soil and the coarsely ground gangue are sent to the first storage bin and the third storage bin, respectively.

[0096] S2: The soil gangue in the first storage bin is sent to the batching module, and microbial agents and auxiliary materials are added and mixed to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The homogeneous mixture is then sent to the degradation reaction tank for reaction to obtain artificial soil.

[0097] The artificial soil prepared in this invention possesses excellent air permeability, water retention, and fertilizer retention properties, making it a healthy soil that can partially or completely replace healthy imported soil. It can be applied in various scenarios, including but not limited to landscaping, desertification control, degraded farmland restoration, and mine restoration. Furthermore, the artificial soil can be combined with the hard aggregate produced in this invention as a base layer filler and surface covering for ecological restoration applications such as mine restoration and ground backfilling.

[0098] In some embodiments, the preparation method further includes: performing a coarse screening process on the coal gangue raw material before the crushing process. Those skilled in the art can adjust and add a coarse screening process according to the actual differences in the properties of the raw material, in order to screen out raw materials that do not meet the particle size requirements, ensuring that the particle size of the coal gangue raw material after the coarse screening process is <500mm, preferably <210mm.

[0099] In some embodiments, in step S1, the particle size of the crushed coal gangue raw material is <200mm, preferably <80mm. In some embodiments, in step S1, the primary screening process includes a sequential grinding and screening to obtain finely ground gangue and coarse material on the screen.

[0100] The primary grinding process employs ball milling, and the ball-to-material ratio in the primary grinding is ≤0.5, preferably 0.15 to 0.3.

[0101] The finely ground gangue described in this invention is the undersize material of the first screening device, which is a low-quality coal product with a particle size of <0.75mm, and more preferably <0.25mm. Its lower heating value is ≥6270kJ / kg, which meets the technical requirements for coal gangue for fuel in GBT29163-2012 "Technical Guidelines for the Utilization of Coal Gangue", and can be directly used as fuel.

[0102] In some embodiments, step S1 includes the secondary screening process of: sequentially grinding and screening the coarse material on the screen to obtain coarse ground gangue, medium ground gangue, and soil-making gangue.

[0103] The primary grinding process employs ball milling, and the ball-to-material ratio in the secondary grinding process is >0.3, preferably 0.4 to 0.6.

[0104] The coarse gangue mentioned in this invention is the material oversize from the second screening device, which is a hard aggregate product with a particle size ≥5mm. It meets the technical requirements for coal gangue used in roadbeds in GB / T29163-2012 "Technical Guidelines for the Utilization of Coal Gangue". It can be used as building material aggregate and base material. For example, the hard aggregate can be directly used as a base layer filler in ecological restoration fields such as mine restoration and ground backfilling.

[0105] Furthermore, the secondary screening process also includes: returning the gangue from the grinding process to the secondary grinding stage to repeat the secondary grinding and secondary screening to obtain the soil gangue.

[0106] The coal gangue used in this invention has a particle size ≤3mm, more preferably <0.75mm, making it a suitable raw material for preparing artificial soil. The aluminum-silicon ratio (Al / Si, mass ratio) of the raw material is 0.2–0.8, with the main mineral phases such as quartz, kaolinite, calcite, feldspar, and mica accounting for over 90%, and the content of clay minerals such as kaolinite exceeding 10%. This invention improves the quality of artificial soil by strictly controlling the particle size of each stage of the product and through deep phase dissociation and selective crushing to maximize the separation and removal of unsuitable components from the coal gangue.

[0107] In some embodiments, the auxiliary materials include organic and inorganic auxiliary materials. The auxiliary materials and the gangue used for soil preparation need to be scientifically compounded based on the characteristics of the gangue raw material and the future soil environment. The organic auxiliary materials include organic source auxiliary materials, which can be suitable raw materials for producing organic fertilizers, such as commonly used organic fertilizers, sludge, and waste from planting, animal husbandry, and processing industries, as well as natural raw materials. The pollutant content of the organic source auxiliary materials must meet the limit requirements of standard NY / T525-2021 "Organic Fertilizer". The inorganic auxiliary materials include inorganic source auxiliary materials, including but not limited to commonly used clean fly ash and / or fly ash with heavy metals removed. The clean fly ash is a compliant raw material whose heavy metal content is lower than the screening value limit for pollutants in agricultural land soil as specified in standard GB15618-2018 "Soil Environmental Quality Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Risk Control Standard (Trial)". The heavy metal-removed fly ash refers to fly ash raw material with excessive heavy metal content, which has been treated by physical and chemical means to achieve the required heavy metal content. For example, inorganic auxiliary materials include fly ash, gasification slag, gypsum, steel slag, furnace slag, waste rock, and other industrial materials (including raw materials and waste) that can provide inorganic nutrients and improve soil structure for coal gangue-based ecological utilization materials. Furthermore, the pollutant content of the inorganic auxiliary materials must meet the requirements of standard GB8173 for raw material pollutant control.

[0108] In some embodiments, the mixing process includes: mixing the soil gangue, organic additives and inorganic additives in a primary manner to obtain a mixture, adding the microbial agent to the mixture for a secondary mixing, and stirring to obtain the homogeneous mixture.

[0109] Preferably, the microbial agent comprises microbial powder or microbial liquid. The microbial agent of this invention can be bacteria and / or fungi, preferably a combination of bacteria and fungi. Bacteria can activate beneficial elements in coal gangue, fungi can degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and microorganisms have a weathering effect on minerals, thus improving their degradation and transformation effect on harmful organic matter such as PAHs in coal gangue, achieving the harmlessness of coal gangue. Exemplarily, the bacteria include, but are not limited to, any one or a combination of at least two of Mycobacterium, Bacillus megaterium, Rhodococcus, and Pseudomonas; the fungi include, but are not limited to, any one or a combination of at least two of white-rot fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Trichoderma echinospora, and Trichoderma harzianum.

[0110] Specifically, in the mixture, the mass fraction of the soil-making gangue is 50%–99%; the mass fraction of the organic additives is 1%–30%, preferably 1%–10%; and the mass fraction of the inorganic additives is 0%–30%, preferably 1%–10%. When the soil-making gangue itself contains the required inorganic additive components, no additional inorganic additives are needed to meet the material ratio requirements. In the homogeneous mixture, the mass fraction of the microbial agent is 0.03–0.2%, preferably 0.05–0.1%.

[0111] In some embodiments, the reaction temperature in the degradation reaction tank is 15–40°C, the reaction humidity is 1%–30%, and the reaction cycle is 15–45 days.

[0112] Furthermore, during the reaction process in the degradation reaction tank, a turning and aeration treatments are performed.

[0113] The reaction parameters in the degradation reaction tank of the present invention need to be adjusted according to the activation of raw materials and the difficulty of pollutant degradation, as well as the key technical indicators of the product soil. The process parameters of the turning and aeration treatments are adjusted by combining the artificial soil indicators with the operating parameters such as the turning frequency and aeration intensity.

[0114] Example 1

[0115] This embodiment provides a continuous preparation device system for coal gangue-based artificial soil, including a grading and sorting unit and a biologically activated soil preparation unit arranged sequentially along the material conveying direction. Figure 1 As shown, the grading and sorting unit includes a crushing module 20, a primary screening module 30, a secondary screening module 40, a first storage silo 50, a second storage silo 60, and a third storage silo 70. The crushing module 20 includes a crushing device 201. The primary screening module 30 includes a first ball mill device 302 and a first screening device 303 connected sequentially along the material conveying direction. The secondary screening module 40 includes a second ball mill device 402 and a second screening device 403 connected sequentially along the material conveying direction. The first ball mill device 302 is connected to the crushing device 201. The outlet of the first screening device 303 is divided into two paths: one path connects to the second ball mill device 402, and the other path connects to the second storage silo 60. The outlet of the second screening device 403 is divided into three paths: one path connects to the first storage silo 50, one path connects to the third storage silo 70, and the other path connects to the inlet of the second ball mill device 402.

[0116] The bio-activated soil preparation unit includes a batching module 80, a degradation reaction tank 90, a microbial agent storage tank 802, a first auxiliary material bin 803, a second auxiliary material bin 804, and a packaging device 100. The batching module 80 includes a mixing device 801. The inlet of the mixing device 801 is connected to the first storage bin 50, the first auxiliary material bin 803, the second auxiliary material bin 804, and the microbial agent storage tank 802 via a load-bearing metering belt. The outlet of the mixing device 801 is connected to the degradation reaction tank 90. ​​The microbial agent storage tank 802 provides microbial agents, the first auxiliary material bin 803 provides organic fertilizer, and the second auxiliary material bin 804 provides clean fly ash. The outlet of the degradation reaction tank 90 is connected to the packaging device 100 via a belt conveyor. A material distribution assembly is installed on the top of the degradation reaction tank 90, and the material distribution assembly is connected to the mixing device 801. The degradation reaction tank 90 is equipped with a turning and agitating component inside its cavity. The degradation reaction tank 90 is also equipped with a metering water tank. The turning and agitating component is equipped with an atomizing water supply component connected to the metering water tank. An aeration and water control component is also installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the degradation reaction tank 90.

[0117] Example 2

[0118] This embodiment provides a continuous preparation device system for coal gangue-based artificial soil, including a grading and sorting unit and a biologically activated soil preparation unit arranged sequentially along the material conveying direction. Figure 2 As shown, the grading and sorting unit includes a coarse screening module 10, a crushing module 20, a primary screening module 30, a secondary screening module 40, a first storage bin 50, a second storage bin 60, and a third storage bin 70. The coarse screening module 10 includes a coarse screening device 101 and a feeding screening device 102 connected sequentially along the material conveying direction. The crushing module 20 includes a crushing device 201, the inlet of which is connected to the feeding screening device 102 via a belt conveyor. The primary screening module 30 includes a first transition bin 301, a first ball mill device 302, and a first screening device 303 connected sequentially along the material conveying direction. The secondary screening module 40 includes a second transition bin 401, a second ball mill device 402, and a second screening device 403 connected sequentially along the material conveying direction. The first transition bin 301 is connected to the outlet of the crushing device 201. The outlet of the first screening device 303 is divided into two paths: one path connects to the second transition bin 401 via a belt conveyor, and the other path connects to the second storage bin 60. The outlet of the second screening device 403 is divided into three paths: one path connects to the first storage bin 50, one path connects to the third storage bin 70, and the other path connects to the second transition bin 401 via a belt conveyor. Both the first transition bin 301 and the second transition bin 401 are equipped with feeding components at their outlets.

[0119] The bio-activated soil preparation unit includes a batching module 80, a degradation reaction tank 90, a microbial agent storage tank 802, a first auxiliary material silo 803, a second auxiliary material silo 804, and a packaging device 100. The batching module 80 includes a mixing device 801, the inlet of which is connected to the microbial agent storage tank 802, the first storage silo 90, the first auxiliary material silo 803, and the second auxiliary material silo 804 via conveyor belts. The bottoms of the first storage silo 90, the first auxiliary material silo 803, and the second auxiliary material silo 804 are independently equipped with weighing and metering components. The microbial agent storage tank 802 provides microbial agents, the first auxiliary material silo 803 provides organic fertilizer, and the second auxiliary material silo 804 provides clean fly ash. The outlet of the mixing device 801 is connected to the degradation reaction tank 90 via a belt conveyor. The outlet of the degradation reaction tank 90 is connected to the packaging device 100 via a belt conveyor. A cloth-laying assembly is installed at the top of the degradation reaction tank 90, and the cloth-laying assembly is connected to a mixing and stirring device 801. A turning and shoveling assembly is installed inside the degradation reaction tank 90, and the degradation reaction tank 90 is equipped with a metering water tank. The turning and shoveling assembly is equipped with an atomizing water supply component, which is connected to the metering water tank. An aeration and water control assembly is also installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the degradation reaction tank 90.

[0120] Application Example 1

[0121] This application example uses coal gangue as raw material to prepare artificial soil using the apparatus system provided in Example 2. The basic physicochemical properties and ash chemical composition of the coal gangue raw material are shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. The preparation is carried out using the following steps:

[0122] (1) The coal gangue raw material is fed into the coarse screening device 101 for coarse screening. The material with a particle size <210mm is fed into the crushing device 201 through the feeding screening device 102 for crushing to obtain material with a particle size <30mm.

[0123] (2) The crushed material is fed into the primary screening module 30, and is ground and screened once in sequence. The ball-to-material ratio of the first ball mill 302 is controlled to be 0.15 to obtain coarse material on the screen and fine grinding material with a particle size <0.25mm. The fine grinding material is fed into the second storage bin 60, and the coarse material on the screen is transported to the secondary screening module 40.

[0124] (3) The coarse material on the screen entering the secondary screening module 40 is subjected to secondary grinding and secondary screening in sequence, and the ball-to-material ratio of the second ball mill 402 is controlled to be 0.6, so as to obtain coarse grinding gangue with a particle size ≥5mm, soil gangue with a particle size <3mm, and medium grinding gangue with a particle size range of 3-5mm. The coarse grinding gangue is transported to the third storage bin 70, the soil gangue is transported to the first storage bin 50, and the medium grinding gangue is returned to the second transition bin 401. The secondary grinding and secondary screening are repeated until the particle size meets the requirements and then it is sent to the first storage bin 50.

[0125] (4) The soil gangue in the first storage bin 50 is transported to the mixing device 801 by a belt conveyor. The soil gangue, inorganic auxiliary materials and organic auxiliary materials are mixed according to the mass ratio of 80:15:5 and then sent to the mixing device 801. Microbial agents are then added and thoroughly mixed to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The amount of microbial agents added is 0.1%.

[0126] (5) The homogeneous mixture is transported to the fabric assembly, and then the fabric assembly evenly distributes the mixture to the degradation reaction tank 90. ​​After undergoing a combination of turning, aeration and microbial action, the reaction temperature in the degradation reaction tank 90 is controlled at 40°C, the reaction humidity is 10%, and the reaction cycle is 30 days to obtain artificial soil.

[0127] Application Example 2

[0128] This application example uses coal gangue as raw material and the apparatus system provided in Example 2 to prepare artificial soil. The basic physicochemical properties and ash chemical cost of the coal gangue raw material are shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. The preparation is carried out using the following steps:

[0129] (1) The coal gangue raw material is fed into the coarse screening device 101 for coarse screening. The material with a particle size <210mm is fed into the crushing device 201 through the feeding screening device 102 for crushing to obtain material with a particle size <35mm.

[0130] (2) The crushed material is fed into the primary screening module 30 and ground and screened once in sequence. The ball-to-material ratio of the first ball mill 302 is controlled to be 0.3 to obtain coarse material on the screen and fine grinding gangue with a particle size <0.5mm. The fine grinding gangue is fed into the second storage bin 60 and the coarse material on the screen is transported to the secondary screening module 40.

[0131] (3) The coarse material on the screen entering the secondary screening module 40 is subjected to secondary grinding and secondary screening in sequence, and the ball-to-material ratio of the second ball mill 402 is controlled to be 0.8, so as to obtain coarse grinding gangue with a particle size ≥5mm, soil gangue with a particle size <3mm, and medium grinding gangue with a particle size range of 3-5mm. The coarse grinding gangue is transported to the third storage bin 70, the soil gangue is transported to the first storage bin 50, and the medium grinding gangue is returned to the second transition bin 401. The secondary grinding and secondary screening are repeated until the particle size meets the requirements and then it is sent to the first storage bin 50.

[0132] (4) The soil gangue in the first storage bin 50 is transported to the mixing device 801 by a belt conveyor. The soil gangue, inorganic auxiliary materials and organic auxiliary materials are mixed according to the mass ratio of 67:30:3 and then sent to the mixing device 801. Microbial agents are then added and thoroughly mixed to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The amount of microbial agents added is 0.05%.

[0133] (5) The homogeneous mixture is transported to the fabric assembly, and then the fabric assembly evenly distributes the mixture to the degradation reaction tank 90. ​​After undergoing a combination of turning, aeration and microbial action, the reaction temperature in the degradation reaction tank 90 is controlled at 15°C, the reaction humidity at 30%, and the reaction cycle is 45 days to obtain artificial soil.

[0134] Application Example 3

[0135] This application example uses coal gangue as raw material and the apparatus system provided in Example 2 to prepare artificial soil. The basic physicochemical properties and ash chemical cost of the coal gangue raw material are shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. The preparation is carried out using the following steps:

[0136] (1) The coal gangue raw material is fed into the coarse screening device 101 for coarse screening. The material with a particle size <210mm is fed into the crushing device 201 through the feeding screening device 102 for crushing to obtain material with a particle size <40mm.

[0137] (2) The crushed material is fed into the primary screening module 30, and is ground and screened once in sequence. The ball-to-material ratio of the first ball mill 302 is controlled to be 0.5 to obtain coarse material on the screen and fine grinding gangue with a particle size <0.2mm. The fine grinding gangue is fed into the second storage bin 60, and the coarse material on the screen is transported to the secondary screening module 40.

[0138] (3) The coarse material on the screen entering the secondary screening module 40 is subjected to secondary grinding and secondary screening in sequence, and the ball-to-material ratio of the second ball mill 402 is controlled to be 0.6, so as to obtain coarse grinding gangue with a particle size ≥5mm, soil gangue with a particle size <3mm, and medium grinding gangue with a particle size range of 3-5mm. The coarse grinding gangue is transported to the third storage bin 70, the soil gangue is transported to the first storage bin 50, and the medium grinding gangue is returned to the second transition bin 401. The secondary grinding and secondary screening are repeated until the particle size meets the requirements and then it is sent to the first storage bin 50.

[0139] (4) The soil gangue in the first storage bin 50 is transported to the mixing device 801 by a belt conveyor. The soil gangue, inorganic auxiliary materials and organic auxiliary materials are mixed according to the mass ratio of 89:1:10 and then sent to the mixing device 801. Microbial inoculants are then added and thoroughly mixed to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The amount of microbial inoculants added is 0.05%.

[0140] (5) The homogeneous mixture is transported to the fabric assembly, and then the fabric assembly evenly distributes the mixture to the degradation reaction tank 90. ​​After undergoing a combination of turning, aeration and microbial action, the reaction temperature in the degradation reaction tank 90 is controlled at 30°C, the reaction humidity is controlled at 20%, and the reaction cycle is 15 days to obtain artificial soil.

[0141] Table 1

[0142] serial number Moisture content (%) pH Loss on ignition (%) Calorific value (kcal / kg) Application Example 1 5.75 7.74 19.22 993 Application Example 2 5.18 7.35 25.13 1462 Application Example 3 2.77 7.85 36.10 2157

[0143] Table 2

[0144]

[0145] The calorific value of the artificial soil obtained by the present invention in corresponding application example 1, application example 2 and application example 3 was tested, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0146] Table 3

[0147] serial number Application Example 1 Application Example 2 Application Example 3 Calorific value (kcal / kg) 2096 2235 3163

[0148] The basic physicochemical properties of the coarse grinding gangue produced in conjunction with Application Example 1, Application Example 2 and Application Example 3 of this invention were tested, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0149] Table 4

[0150]

[0151] The component content of the soil gangue produced by the present invention in corresponding application example 1, application example 2 and application example 3 was detected, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0152] Table 5

[0153] name Application Example 1 Application Example 2 Application Example 3 Aluminum-silicon ratio 0.46 0.54 0.69 Main ore phase content (%) 92.31 93.05 91.77 Clay mineral content (%) 34.64 27.68 54.72

[0154] The basic physicochemical properties of the artificial soil obtained by the present invention in corresponding use case 1, application example 2 and application example 3 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 6.

[0155] Table 6

[0156] name Application Example 1 Application Example 2 Application Example 3 Organic matter (%) 11.65 9.72 16.5 pH 7.21 7.40 7.44 Salt content EC value (mS / cm) 0.46 0.31 0.35 texture Sandy soil Sandy soil Sandy soil <![CDATA[Unit weight (g / cm 3 )]]> 1.31 1.24 ≤1.34 Field water holding capacity (%) 43.0 51.6 45.8 Gravel, particle size > 2 mm (%) 3.27 6.54 6.20

[0157] As can be seen from Tables 2 to 6, this invention, by strictly controlling the particle size of the output material in each process of mechanical sorting and grading, can achieve deep dissociation of coal gangue raw materials, co-produce low-quality coal and hard aggregates unsuitable for soil making, and effectively adjust the amount of added gangue, auxiliary materials and microbial agents for soil making, thereby regulating the chemical composition and mineral composition of the soil mixture, constructing a healthy soil structure, and obtaining high-quality coal gangue-based artificial soil.

[0158] The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous production device system, characterized in that, This includes a graded and graded unit and a biologically activated soil preparation unit arranged sequentially along the material conveying direction; The grading and sorting unit includes a crushing module, a primary screening module, a secondary screening module, a first storage bin, a second storage bin, and a third storage bin. The crushing module, the primary screening module, the secondary screening module, and the first storage bin are connected sequentially along the material conveying direction to sort the material into soil gangue, finely ground gangue, and coarsely ground gangue with different particle sizes. The primary screening module and the secondary screening module are also connected to the second storage bin and the third storage bin, respectively. The soil gangue is fed into the first storage bin, the finely ground gangue is fed into the second storage bin, and the coarsely ground gangue is fed into the third storage bin. The bio-activated soil preparation unit includes a batching module, a degradation reaction tank, a microbial agent storage tank, and an auxiliary material silo. The inlet end of the batching module is connected to the first material silo, the microbial agent storage tank, and the auxiliary material silo, respectively, and the outlet end of the batching module is connected to the degradation reaction tank. The primary screening module includes a first grinding device and a first screening device. The inlet end of the first grinding device is connected to the crushing module, and the outlet end of the first grinding device is connected to the inlet end of the first screening device. The outlet end of the first screening device is divided into two paths, one of which is connected to the secondary screening module and the other of which is connected to the second storage bin. The secondary screening module includes a second grinding device and a second screening device. The inlet end of the second grinding device is connected to the primary screening module, and the outlet end of the second grinding device is connected to the inlet end of the second screening device. The outlet end of the second screening device is divided into two paths, one of which is connected to the first storage bin and the other of which is connected to the third storage bin. The outlet end of the second screening device is also connected to the inlet end of the second grinding device; The primary screening module also includes a first transition chamber, the inlet of which is connected to the crushing module, and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the first grinding device. The secondary screening module also includes a second transition chamber, the inlet of which is connected to the primary screening module, and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the second grinding device. One of the inlet terminals of the second screening device is connected to the second transition chamber; Both the first and second transition chambers are equipped with feeding components.

2. The coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous production device system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The continuous preparation device system for coal gangue-based artificial soil also includes a coarse screening module, which is connected to the inlet end of the crushing module.

3. The coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous production device system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The coarse screening module includes a coarse screening device and a feeding screening device connected in sequence along the material conveying direction, and the feeding screening device is connected to the crushing module.

4. The coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous production device system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing module includes at least one crushing device.

5. The coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous production device system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ingredient preparation module includes a mixing and stirring device. The inlet end of the mixing and stirring device is connected to the first storage bin, the auxiliary bin, and the microbial agent storage tank, respectively. The outlet end of the mixing and stirring device is connected to the degradation reaction tank.

6. The coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous production device system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The auxiliary material silo includes a first auxiliary material silo and a second auxiliary material silo, which are independently connected to the mixing and stirring device.

7. The coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous production device system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first storage bin, the first auxiliary bin, and the second auxiliary bin are independently connected to the mixing and stirring device via a load-bearing metering belt.

8. The coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous production device system according to claim 5, wherein, The mixing and stirring device is connected to the first storage bin, the first auxiliary material bin, and the second auxiliary material bin via conveyor belts. The bottom of the first storage bin, the first auxiliary material bin, and the second auxiliary material bin is independently equipped with a weighing and metering component.

9. The coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous production device system according to claim 1, wherein, The bio-activated soil preparation unit also includes a packaging device connected to the outlet end of the degradation reaction tank.

10. The coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous production device system according to claim 1, wherein, The top of the degradation reaction tank is equipped with a cloth assembly, and the inner cavity of the degradation reaction tank is equipped with a turning and tumbling assembly.

11. The coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous production device system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The degradation reaction tank is equipped with a metering water tank, and the turning and throwing assembly is equipped with an atomizing water replenishment component, which is connected to the metering water tank.

12. The coal gangue-based artificial soil continuous production device system according to claim 1, wherein, An aeration and water control assembly is also installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the degradation reaction tank.

13. A method for continuous production of a coal gangue-based artificial soil, characterized in that, The continuous preparation method for coal gangue-based artificial soil uses the continuous preparation device system for coal gangue-based artificial soil as described in any one of claims 1-12, and the preparation method includes: The coal gangue raw material is subjected to crushing and primary screening processes in sequence to obtain finely ground gangue and coarse material on the screen. The finely ground gangue is sent to the second storage silo, and the coarse material on the screen is subjected to secondary screening processes to obtain coarsely ground gangue and soil-making gangue. The soil-making gangue and the coarsely ground gangue are sent to the first storage silo and the third storage silo, respectively. The soil gangue in the first storage silo is fed into the batching module, and microbial agents and auxiliary materials are added and mixed to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The homogeneous mixture is then fed into the degradation reaction tank to react and obtain artificial soil.

14. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 13, characterized in that, The preparation method further includes: performing coarse screening on the coal gangue raw material before the crushing process.

15. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 14, characterized in that, The particle size of the coal gangue raw material after coarse screening is <500mm.

16. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 13, characterized in that, The particle size of the crushed coal gangue raw material is <200mm.

17. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 13, characterized in that, The primary screening process includes a grinding and a screening process performed sequentially to obtain finely ground gangue and coarse material on the sieve.

18. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 13, characterized in that, The secondary screening process includes: sequentially grinding and screening the coarse material on the screen to obtain coarse ground gangue, medium ground gangue, and soil-making gangue.

19. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 18, characterized in that, The secondary screening process further includes: returning the gangue from the grinding process to the secondary grinding stage for repeated secondary grinding and screening to obtain the soil gangue.

20. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 17, wherein, The first grinding process uses ball milling.

21. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 17, characterized in that, The ball-to-material ratio in the first grinding step is ≤0.

5.

22. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 17, wherein, The particle size of the fine grinding material is <0.75mm.

23. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 18, wherein, The secondary grinding process uses ball milling.

24. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 18, wherein, The ball-to-material ratio in the secondary grinding is >0.

3.

25. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 18, wherein, The particle size of the coarse grinding material is ≥5mm.

26. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 18, wherein, The particle size of the soil gangue is ≤3mm.

27. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 13, characterized in that, The excipients include organic excipients and inorganic excipients.

28. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 13, wherein, The mixing process includes: mixing the soil gangue, organic additives and inorganic additives in one step to obtain a mixture, adding the microbial agent to the mixture for a second mixing, and stirring to obtain the homogeneous mixture.

29. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 28, wherein, The microbial agents mentioned above include microbial powder or microbial liquid.

30. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 27, wherein, The organic auxiliary materials include organic fertilizer.

31. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 27, wherein, The inorganic auxiliary materials include clean fly ash and / or fly ash with heavy metals removed.

32. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 31, wherein, The clean fly ash and the fly ash with heavy metals removed meet the screening value requirements for soil pollutants in agricultural land as specified in GB15618-2018.

33. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 28, wherein, In the mixture, the mass fraction of the soil gangue is 50%~99%, the mass fraction of the organic auxiliary materials is 1%~30%, and the mass fraction of the inorganic auxiliary materials is 0~30%.

34. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 13, wherein, In the homogeneous mixture, the mass fraction of the microbial agent is 0.03~0.2%.

35. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 13, wherein, The reaction temperature in the degradation reaction tank is 15~40℃.

36. The continuous preparation method of coal gangue-based artificial soil according to claim 13, wherein, The reaction humidity inside the degradation reaction tank is 1%~30%.

37. The continuous coal refuse-based artificial soil production method of claim 13, wherein, The reaction cycle in the degradation reaction tank is 15 to 45 days.

38. The continuous coal refuse-based artificial soil production method of claim 13, wherein, During the reaction process in the degradation reaction tank, the tank undergoes turning and aeration treatments.

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