Concrete pipe pile size detection device using laser detection

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of concrete pipe pile size detection device using laser detection, it is related to pipe pile size detection tool technical field, including mounting frame;By comparing the rotation angle proportion of contrast roller and pipe pile and the average angular velocity, it can quickly distinguish whether the abnormality is caused by the rotation abnormality of contrast roller or the rotation abnormality of pipe pile, and generate a targeted warning signal, avoid the problem of "transmission abnormality but unable to locate the cause" in traditional detection, facilitate staff to quickly troubleshoot equipment failure, reduce downtime repair time;And by segmenting analysis size data according to pipe pile rotation period, comparing the abnormal markers in adjacent period, it can effectively exclude the occasional fluctuation caused by environmental interference, only the periodically occurring abnormality is determined as pipe pile real size defect, reduce the situation of "misjudgment qualified as unqualified", reduce subsequent manual review cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pipe pile size detection tools, and particularly relates to a concrete pipe pile size detection device using laser detection. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important building foundation component, concrete pipe piles are widely used in many fields such as municipal engineering, high-rise buildings, bridge construction, and port terminals. The size precision, including diameter, length, and wall thickness, of the concrete pipe piles is directly related to the stability and safety of the engineering structure. If the size of the pipe pile is deviated, it may cause uneven stress on the structure and increase engineering risks. Therefore, accurate size detection of the concrete pipe pile is a key link to ensure the quality of the project. At present, the size detection of the concrete pipe pile is mostly carried out by traditional methods, such as manual measurement using a tape measure or a caliper. This method not only consumes a large amount of manpower, but also has low measurement efficiency, and cannot meet the detection needs of large-scale production and construction. In addition, manual measurement is easily affected by human operation factors, and has large measurement errors and low data reliability. Especially for the curved surface part and hidden position of the pipe pile, the measurement is more difficult, and the situations of missed detection and false detection are likely to occur.

[0003] Although there are some semi-automatic detection devices on the market, these devices often have the problem of limited detection range, and most of them can only detect the local position of the pipe pile, and cannot realize full-size and full-range scanning. Moreover, the position adjustment of these devices is not flexible enough, and it is difficult to adapt to the detection needs of pipe piles of different specifications. When facing pipe piles with long length and diameter changes, the detection efficiency and accuracy will be greatly reduced.

[0004] Therefore, the above problems need to be improved. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a concrete pipe pile size detection device using laser detection.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a concrete pipe pile size detection device using laser detection, comprising two mounting frames, two mounting rods mounted on the top of the two mounting frames on both sides, and two base tables mounted between the two mounting frames, a moving mechanism is mounted on the mounting rod, a distance measuring mechanism is mounted below the moving mechanism, a rotating mechanism is mounted on the base table, and a pipe pile is mounted on the two groups of rotating mechanisms.

[0007] The control box of the detection device is provided with an intelligent control assembly, and the intelligent control assembly comprises an analysis module.

[0008] The analysis module analyzes the rotation angle data transmitted by the acquisition module, determines rotation abnormalities in the size detection process, analyzes the causes of the rotation abnormalities, generates a size abnormality signal according to the size of the abnormal area, and transmits the size abnormality signal and the corresponding abnormality marker number to the execution module; the light intensity, environmental humidity and dust concentration data transmitted by the acquisition module are analyzed to determine the detection error caused, and the abnormality determination range is adjusted according to the calculated detection error.

[0009] Preferably, the moving mechanism comprises two first motors mounted at the distal ends of the two mounting rods, a lead screw is mounted at the output end of the first motor through a shaft coupling, an installation block is threadedly connected to the lead screw, and an L-shaped mounting plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the installation block.

[0010] Preferably, the lead screw is rotatably mounted in the mounting rod, and a sliding groove for moving the installation block is formed through the bottom surface of the mounting rod.

[0011] Preferably, the distance measuring mechanism comprises a laser scanner slidingly mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting plate and an electric push rod mounted on the side surface of the mounting plate, a laser emitting port is mounted on the bottom surface of the laser scanner, an induction base is mounted on the other side of the laser scanner, and a plurality of laser inductors are equidistantly mounted on the inner side surface of the induction base.

[0012] Preferably, the electric push rod is connected to one side of the laser scanner, a T-shaped block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the laser scanner, and a T-shaped groove is formed in the mounting plate to cooperate with the sliding of the T-shaped block.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating mechanism comprises a turntable mounted on the top surface of the base and a second motor located on one side of the turntable, two rollers are rotatably mounted on the upper end of the turntable, a transmission wheel is mounted on one end of the rotation shaft of one of the rollers and the output end of the second motor, and a transmission belt is sleeved on the outer sides of the two transmission wheels.

[0014] Preferably, the analysis module performs the rotation abnormality analysis step as follows:

[0015] S1: The rotation angle data of the roller (13) and the pipe pile (16) are detected respectively to obtain the rotation angle of the roller (13) and the rotation angle of the pipe pile (16) between them , that is ; if , it is determined that the transmission between the roller (13) and the pipe pile (16) is abnormal, and the abnormality is analyzed;

[0016] S2: call the real-time monitoring rotation angular velocity data of both within the set time period from the current time point, calculate the mean value of the real-time monitoring rotation angular velocity data within the set time period, if the mean value of the real-time monitoring rotation angular velocity data of the rotating roller (13) , it is determined that the transmission abnormality is caused by the rotation abnormality of the rotating roller (13), a rotating roller warning signal is generated, and the rotating roller warning signal is transmitted to the execution module; if the mean value of the real-time monitoring rotation angular velocity data of the pipe pile (16) , it is determined that the transmission abnormality is caused by the rotation abnormality of the pipe pile (16), and the reason for the rotation abnormality of the pipe pile (16) is analyzed;

[0017] S3: call the size detection data of the pipe pile (16), and segment the size detection data according to the rotation angle required for a complete circle , calculate the mean value of the size detection data within the corresponding time segment, and record the difference between the calculated mean value and other size detection data within the corresponding time segment, and mark the difference data with a difference greater than a preset difference threshold value as abnormal, obtain the detection time point corresponding to the abnormal mark, if there is also an abnormal mark in the detection time point range, it is determined that the size of the pipe pile (16) is abnormal; otherwise, it is determined that the abnormality is caused by detection fluctuation.

[0018] Preferably, the analysis module performs the abnormal area size analysis step as follows:

[0019] Q1: taking the center of the laser point as the base point, the interval of adjacent detection times as the time, calculating the displacement size of the laser point on the outside of the pipe pile (16) within a detection time point according to the rotation angular velocity data of the pipe pile (16), taking half of the displacement size as the center to construct a square image, and dividing the surface of the pipe pile (16) according to the constructed square image, and numbering the positions of the square images after the division according to the number of images at one end of the pipe pile (16) and the number of images in the clockwise direction at the position mark connection;

[0020] Q2: calculate the number of adjacent numbered abnormal marks, and the abnormal area size is equal to the number of abnormal marks multiplied by the area of the square image; a preset abnormal area threshold value , if , a size abnormality signal is generated, and the size abnormality signal and the number of corresponding abnormal marks are transmitted to the execution module.

[0021] Preferably, the analysis module performs the detection error analysis step as follows: ​

[0022] K1: detection size error caused by interfering light , is the light interference coefficient related to the ambient light intensity, and are the interfering light intensity and the laser emission intensity, respectively, is the propagation distance of the laser; detection size error caused by dust and water vapor , is the environmental attenuation coefficient, is the dust concentration, is the relative humidity of the environment; detection size error caused by vibration and inclination , is the included angle between the laser scanning direction and the radial direction of the pipe pile (16);

[0023] K2: detection size error caused by protrusions and depressions , and are the maximum depth of the surface protrusions or depressions, respectively, is the laser incidence angle; detection size error caused by ovality

[0024] , and are the diameters of the long axis and the short axis of the pipe pile cross section, respectively; detection size error caused by bending , is the maximum bending deflection of the pipe pile, is the length of the pipe pile, is the distance from the detection point to one end of the pipe pile;

[0025] K3: total error of pipe pile (16) size detection ; according to the deviation range of the detected size data is set to , and the detected size data within the deviation range is not marked as abnormal.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0027] By cooperation of the first motor and the lead screw, the detection position of the distance measuring mechanism in the axial direction of the pipe pile is adjusted, and the flexibility of detection is improved; by cooperation of the electric push rod and the laser scanner, the detection position of the distance measuring mechanism in the radial direction of the pipe pile is adjusted, and the comprehensiveness of detection is improved, so that the function of multi-dimensional size detection in the radial direction of the pipe pile is realized; by cooperation of the laser emission port and the plurality of laser sensors, the size data of the pipe pile is accurately captured, the detection precision is improved, and the function of efficient size scanning detection of the pipe pile is realized; by cooperation of the second motor, the transmission wheel and the transmission belt, the detection angle of the pipe pile in the circumferential direction is adjusted, the detection efficiency is improved, and the function of full-range size detection of the pipe pile in the circumferential direction is realized; finally, the problems of limited position adjustment, incomplete detection range, insufficient precision and low efficiency in the traditional pipe pile size detection are solved.

[0028] By comparing the rotation angle ratio and the average angular velocity of the rotating roller and the pipe pile, it can be quickly distinguished whether the abnormality is caused by the rotation abnormality of the rotating roller or the rotation abnormality of the pipe pile, and a targeted warning signal is generated to avoid the problem of "transmission abnormality but unable to locate the cause" in the traditional detection, so that the staff can quickly troubleshoot equipment failures and reduce downtime for maintenance; and by segmenting the size data according to the pipe pile rotation period and comparing the abnormal marks in adjacent periods, the occasional fluctuations caused by environmental interference (such as instantaneous dust shielding) can be effectively excluded, only the periodic abnormality is determined as the real size defect of the pipe pile, and the situation of "misjudging qualified as unqualified" is reduced, and the subsequent manual review cost is reduced.

[0029] By analyzing the formula of the light interference, dust and water vapor, vibration and tilt, surface defects, ovality, bending and other six errors, and dynamically adjusting the abnormality judgment range by the total error, the influence of environmental fluctuations and pipe pile shape deviation on detection is automatically compensated, so that the size detection precision is improved to within ±0.5mm, meeting the requirements of high-standard engineering on pipe pile size. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of this application. The schematic embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 The device overall three-dimensional structure schematic diagram proposed by the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 The moving mechanism structure schematic diagram proposed by the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 The distance measuring mechanism structure schematic diagram proposed by the present application;

[0034] Figure 4A rotating mechanism structure schematic diagram provided by the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 A ranging mechanism cross-sectional structure schematic diagram provided by the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 A system flow chart provided by the present application.

[0037] In the figure, the serial number: 1, mounting frame; 2, mounting rod; 3, base; 4, first motor; 5, screw rod; 6, mounting block; 7, mounting plate; 8, electric push rod; 9, laser scanner; 10, laser emission port; 11, induction base; 12, laser inductor; 13, rotating roller; 14, second motor; 15, transmission belt; 16, pipe pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment 1: see Figures 1-5 A concrete pipe pile size detection device using laser detection in the present application, comprising two mounting frames 1, two mounting rods 2 mounted on the top of the two mounting frames 1 on both sides, and two base stations 3 mounted between the two mounting frames 1, which are convenient for supporting and installing the mounting rod 2 through the mounting frame 1; the moving mechanism is convenient for installation through the mounting rod 2; the moving mechanism is installed on the mounting rod 2, the ranging mechanism is installed below the moving mechanism, the rotating mechanism is installed on the base station 3, and the pipe pile 16 is installed on the two rotating mechanisms; the moving mechanism comprises two first motors 4 mounted on the distal ends of the two mounting rods 2, which are convenient for driving the screw rod 5 to rotate through the first motor 4; the first motor 4 output end is provided with a screw rod 5 through a shaft coupling, which is convenient for driving the mounting plate 7 to move through the screw rod 5; the mounting block 6 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 5, the L-shaped mounting plate 7 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting block 6, and the electric push rod 8 and the laser scanner 9 are conveniently installed through the mounting plate 7; the screw rod 5 is rotatably installed in the mounting rod 2, and a sliding groove for matching the movement of the mounting block 6 is provided through the bottom surface of the mounting rod 2, the ranging mechanism comprises a laser scanner 9 slidingly installed on the bottom surface of the mounting plate 7 and an electric push rod 8 installed on the side surface of the mounting plate 7, and the position of the laser scanner 9 is conveniently changed through the electric push rod 8.

[0040] In the application, the laser scanner 9 is provided with a laser emission port 10 on the bottom surface, through which laser is emitted to scan the pipe pile 16; and the other side of the laser scanner 9 is provided with an induction base 11, through which the laser inductor 12 is matched to measure the distance; a plurality of laser inductors 12 are equidistantly arranged on the inner side of the induction base 11, the telescopic end of the electric push rod 8 is connected to one side of the laser scanner 9, and a T-shaped block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the laser scanner 9; a T-shaped groove is formed in the mounting plate 7 and is matched with the T-shaped block to slide; the rotating mechanism comprises a rotating table arranged on the top surface of the base 3 and a second motor 14 arranged on one side of the rotating table, through which one of the rotating rollers 13 is driven to rotate; the rotating table is provided with two rotating rollers 13 rotatably arranged on the upper end, through which the pipe pile 16 is driven to rotate; the transmission wheels are arranged on the output end of the second motor 14 and the rotating shaft of one of the rotating rollers 13, and the transmission belt 15 is sleeved outside the two transmission wheels, through which the second motor 14 drives the rotating roller 13 to rotate.

[0041] Embodiment 2: see Figure 6 The control box of the detection device is provided with an intelligent control assembly, which comprises a collection module, an analysis module and an execution module.

[0042] The collection module collects the rotation angle data of the rotating roller (13) and the pipe pile (16), collects the light intensity data, collects the environmental humidity and dust concentration data, and transmits the collected data to the analysis module.

[0043] The analysis module analyzes the rotation angle data transmitted by the collection module, determines the rotation abnormality in the size detection process, analyzes the reason for the rotation abnormality, generates a size abnormality signal according to the size of the abnormal area, and transmits the size abnormality signal and the corresponding abnormality mark number to the execution module; analyzes the light intensity, environmental humidity and dust concentration data transmitted by the collection module, determines the detection error caused, and adjusts the abnormality determination range according to the calculated detection error;

[0044] Every 3 months (or after 1000 pipe piles are detected in total), the actual output power of the laser emission port is measured by using a laser power meter, and compared with the standard power (such as 5mW) when the device is shipped; if the power attenuation exceeds 10%, the current parameter of the laser emitter is adjusted through the device control system to compensate for the power loss; if it cannot be compensated (such as hardware aging), the laser emission module is replaced to complete the power output calibration operation;

[0045] Place the standard calibration block 500 mm directly below the laser emission port (simulate the typical detection distance), observe the spot shape formed by the laser on the surface of the block; if the spot appears diffuse or offset, adjust the focusing lens of the port (some models can be manually rotated and adjusted) to restore the spot diameter to the factory standard (such as ≤3 mm), ensuring energy concentration, complete the spot focusing calibration operation;

[0046] Fix the high reflectivity calibration block at a known distance (such as 1000 mm), start the laser emission port 10, record the signal strength value received by each laser sensor 12, and compare it with the initial calibration value; if the signal strength of a sensor decreases by more than 20%, clean the surface of the sensor base 11 (remove dust); if it still does not meet the standard, increase the gain parameter (such as amplification) of the sensor through the control system, or replace the failed sensor, complete the reflection signal strength calibration operation;

[0047] Place calibration blocks of different thicknesses between the laser emission port 10 and the sensor in turn, record the thickness value measured by the device, compare it with the actual thickness of the calibration block, and calculate the error value; if the error exceeds ±0.5 mm (set according to the detection accuracy requirements of the pipe pile), input the correction coefficient (such as actual thickness = measured value + error compensation value) through the device's supporting software to realize system-level calibration, complete the distance measurement precision calibration operation;

[0048] Start the moving mechanism, control the lead screw 5 to drive the distance measuring mechanism to move 1000 mm in the axial direction, verify the actual moving distance through the scale of the coordinate reference plate, if the deviation exceeds ±1 mm, adjust the pulse parameters (step motor) or encoder feedback value (servo motor) of the first motor 4 to correct the displacement accuracy, complete the axial position calibration operation; control the electric push rod 8 to push the laser scanner 9 to move 500 mm in the radial direction, use the caliper to measure the actual moving distance, compare it with the set value, if the deviation exceeds ±0.5 mm, calibrate the extension amount parameters (such as adjust the hydraulic / gas pressure or motor speed) of the electric push rod 8, complete the radial scanning range calibration operation; start the rotating mechanism, make the pipe pile (or a standard cylinder as a substitute) rotate 360°, record the circumference data detected by the laser scanner 9, compare it with the standard circumference (π × standard diameter), if the deviation exceeds ±1 mm, adjust the speed of the second motor 14 and the tension of the transmission belt to ensure the accuracy of the pipe pile 16 rotation angle, complete the circumferential angle calibration operation;

[0049] Make a position mark on the outer surface of both ends of the pipe pile 16, draw a line between the position mark and the center of one end of the pipe pile 16, the angle between the line and the perpendicular line of the center when the pipe pile 16 rotates is the rotation angle; when the rotating roller 13 drives the pipe pile 16 to rotate, detect the rotation angle data of the rotating roller 13 and the pipe pile 16 respectively, get the ratio between the rotation angle of the rotating roller 13 and the rotation angle of the pipe pile 16 ​ ,Right now ;like If so, it is determined that there is an abnormality in the transmission between the rotating roller 13 and the pipe pile 16, and the cause of the abnormality is analyzed.

[0050] If the rotation angles of the two are proportional, then their rotational angular velocities are... and Also proportional, that is ; Retrieve real-time monitoring rotational angular velocity data from both devices within a set time interval from the current time point, calculate the average of the real-time monitoring rotational angular velocity data within the set time interval, and if the average of the real-time monitoring rotational angular velocity data of roller 13 is... If the transmission abnormality is determined to be caused by an abnormal rotation of the roller 13, a roller warning signal is generated and transmitted to the execution module; if the average real-time monitored rotational angular velocity data of the pipe pile 16 is... If the transmission abnormality is determined to be caused by the abnormal rotation of the pipe pile 16, the cause of the abnormal rotation of the pipe pile 16 will be analyzed.

[0051] After receiving the warning signal from the rotating roller, the execution module will issue an audible and visual alarm through the warning light of the detection device and display "Roller rotation abnormal" on the display screen of the control box, so that the staff can quickly locate the abnormality.

[0052] The dimensional inspection data of pipe pile 16 were retrieved and analyzed according to the rotation angle. Time required to complete one lap Divide the dimensional inspection data into time segments and average the dimensional inspection data within each time segment. The calculation, and the mean obtained. The differences between the data and other size detection data within the corresponding time segment are recorded, and data with differences exceeding a preset difference threshold are marked as anomalies. The detection time points corresponding to the anomaly marks are then recorded. To acquire, if the detection time point If abnormal markers are also present within the range, it is determined that the dimensions of pipe pile 16 are abnormal; otherwise, it is determined that the abnormality is caused by detection fluctuation.

[0053] This threshold is set according to the pipe pile size tolerance standard. For example, GB / T13476-2017 specifies that the allowable deviation of the concrete pipe pile diameter is ±5mm, so the preset difference threshold is set to 5mm; the unit of "±1" is seconds, used to tolerate time deviations caused by small fluctuations in the pipe pile rotation speed (such as ±5% fluctuation in rotation speed due to power supply voltage changes); for example, if This is an anomaly marker that appeared at the 10th second. 12 seconds, then the range of 21-23 seconds; if the abnormal mark appears again in the range, it indicates that the defect has periodicity (such as fixed protrusions on the surface of the pipe pile), and it is determined to be a real size anomaly; otherwise, if only the abnormality appears, it may be a detection fluctuation caused by transient dust shielding, and it is not marked.

[0054] Taking the center of the laser point as the base point and the interval of adjacent detection times as the time, the displacement of the laser point outside the pipe pile 16 at a detection time point is calculated according to the rotational angular velocity data of the pipe pile 16, and the half of the displacement size is taken as the center to construct a square image, and the surface of the pipe pile 16 is segmented according to the constructed square image, and the segmented square image is numbered according to the number of the image and the position mark and the number of the image in the clockwise direction at the position of the pipe pile 16 at one end; the number of adjacent numbered abnormal marks is calculated, and the abnormal area size is equal to the number of abnormal marks multiplied by the area of the square image; a preset abnormal area threshold , if , a size anomaly signal is generated, and the size anomaly signal and the number of the corresponding abnormal mark are transmitted to the execution module;

[0055] The side length of the square is "half of the displacement size of the laser point", wherein the displacement size is calculated by the rotational angular velocity of the pipe pile and the detection time interval; it is ensured that the square can completely cover the scanning range of the laser point, so as to avoid missing small defects. The segmented image is positioned according to "the number of the image from one end of the pipe pile + the clockwise number", such as "3-5", which represents the third axial unit from the left end and the fifth circumferential unit in the clockwise direction, so as to realize accurate mapping of the defect position;

[0056] The threshold is set in combination with the tolerance of the pipe pile surface defect in the project, for example, the area of a single defect on the surface of the pipe pile in the municipal engineering should not exceed 500 mm² (about 22 mm x 22 mm); the calculation method is that the number of abnormal marks is multiplied by the area of a single square, if there are 8 continuous abnormal marks in a certain area, and the area of a single square is 6.8 mm², then 54.4 mm², if 50 mm², that is, a size anomaly signal is triggered; the setting basis includes structural strength requirements (large-area defects may cause stress concentration) and durability requirements (defects are easy to become corrosion starting points);

[0057] After receiving the size anomaly signal, the execution module sends a buzzing alarm through the buzzer in the intelligent control component, and displays the image number corresponding to the anomaly on the display screen of the laser scanner 9, so as to facilitate the staff to quickly locate the anomaly.

[0058] ​The light of the outside environment will affect the receiving of the laser sensor, and the proportion of the effective signal will decrease. The detection size error caused by the interference light , is the light interference coefficient related to the ambient light intensity, and are the interference light intensity and the laser emission intensity, respectively, is the propagation distance of the laser; the detection size error caused by dust and water vapor , is the environmental attenuation coefficient, is the dust concentration, is the relative humidity of the environment; the detection size error caused by vibration and inclination , is the included angle between the laser scanning direction and the radial direction of the pipe pile 16;

[0059] reflects the interference degree of the ambient light on the laser signal, and the value range is 0.01-0.1. In strong light environment (such as noon sunlight), 0.1 is taken, and in weak light environment (such as workshop lighting), 0.01 is taken. It is obtained through experimental calibration (such as measuring the signal-to-noise ratio of the laser sensor under different light intensities); quantifies the attenuation effect of dust and water vapor on the laser, and the value is 0.005-0.02. When the dust concentration is 100 mg / m³ and the humidity is 80%, 0.02 is taken, and in a clean environment, 0.005 is taken. It is derived based on the propagation loss formula of laser in different media; is caused by equipment vibration or pipe pile inclination, for example, the unevenness of the base station causes the pipe pile to incline by 3°, then 3°, at this time the laser measurement value is the chord length of the pipe pile, and the error 1000×(1-cos3°)≈1.3mm;

[0060] The surface protrusions, depressions or stains of the pipe pile 16 will change the laser reflection path, and the detection size error caused by the protrusions and depressions , and are the maximum depth of the surface protrusions or depressions, respectively, is the laser incidence angle; the pipe pile bending or ovality will cause the radial size measurement value to deviate from the actual value, and the detection size error caused by the ovality , and are the diameters of the long axis and the short axis of the pipe pile cross section, respectively; the detection size error caused by bending , is the maximum bending deflection of the pipe pile, is the length of the pipe pile, is the distance from the detection point to one end of the pipe pile;

[0061] The angle between the laser and the surface of the pipe pile is typically set to 45° (balancing scanning range and reflection intensity). If the surface of the pipe pile has a 2mm protrusion, then... 2×sin45°≈1.4mm; both are monitored in real time by tilt sensors installed on the laser scanner to ensure the dynamic nature of error calculation;

[0062] In summary, the total error in the dimensional inspection of pipe pile 16 is the vector sum of the errors caused by the above six factors, which is simplified by summing the absolute values. ;according to Set the deviation range of the measured dimensional data as follows: For the measured dimensional data that is within the deviation range, no abnormality marking is performed;

[0063] The derivation of the six error formulas is based on physical principles: and This is due to the propagation loss of laser light in a non-ideal medium (light intensity attenuation leads to ranging error). and Because the laser path deviates from the ideal direction (measuring chord length instead of diameter); and This reflects the influence of pipe pile morphological deviations on radial dimensions (ellipticity causes diameter to change with angle, and bending causes the detection point to deviate from the axis). The total error is calculated by summing the absolute values. This is to conservatively estimate the maximum possible deviation. For example, the six errors are ±2mm, ±3mm, ±1mm, ±4mm, ±2mm, and ±1mm, with a total error of... The anomaly detection range is set to ±13mm to ensure that 99% of normal fluctuations are included within the acceptable range, thus reducing misjudgments.

[0064] Light interference error middle, The coefficient is dimensionless. and The ratio is also dimensionless. If the unit is mm, then the calculation result is... The unit is also mm; dust and water vapor error middle, The unit is mg / m³. The unit is %, and the coefficient is calibrated experimentally. The unit is mm⁻¹・m³ / mg・%⁻¹, so that the calculation results The unit is also mm; vibration tilt error middle, If the value is dimensionless, then the calculation result is... The unit is also mm; surface defect error middle, and unit: mm, , the calculation result unit: mm; ovality error , and unit: mm, the calculation result unit: mm; bending error , , , unit: mm, the calculation result unit: mm.

[0065] An ultrasonic probe is arranged on the mounting plate 7 at a position corresponding to the laser scanner 9, and an automatic coupling agent applying device (such as a micro pump and a nozzle) is arranged, which automatically sprays the coupling agent on the contact area between the probe and the pipe pile before ultrasonic detection;

[0066] A calibration test is performed on a standard pipe pile without defects, the received ultrasonic data is preprocessed, abnormal values are removed, and a preset reference wave speed range and a reference amplitude threshold value are obtained; according to the measured propagation time and the propagation path length of the ultrasonic wave in the pipe pile , the real-time propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave is calculated , if , it is determined that there is a cavity or crack inside the pipe pile; and according to the amplitude ratio of the transmitted signal and the received signal, the amplitude attenuation value of the current ultrasonic signal is obtained , if , it is determined that there is a defect inside the pipe pile;

[0067] Assuming that the defect is a spherical cavity (simplified model, a crack can be equivalent to a flat cavity), the equivalent path length of the ultrasonic wave propagating around the defect and the defect diameter satisfy: , the path correction coefficient is calibrated by experiment, and the spherical defect takes ; the amplitude attenuation and the defect area have a linear relationship: , is the amplitude attenuation value of the standard pipe pile without defects, and the attenuation coefficient is determined by the standard pipe pile experiment; then the volume of the defect ;

[0068] The total volume of all the detected defects The calculation is performed, and a preset volume threshold is compared If the comparison result is , it is determined that the detection pipe pile cannot be used, an internal defect signal is generated, and the internal defect signal is transmitted to an execution module;

[0069] After receiving the internal defect signal, the execution module sends a buzzing alarm through a buzzer inside the intelligent control assembly, and displays "defective piece, internal defect" on the display screen of the laser scanner 9, so that the staff can place the defective piece separately.

[0070] Working principle: when the present application is used, first, the device is powered on, then the pipe pile 16 is placed on the rotating roller 13 of the rotating mechanism on the two base tables 3, the second motor 14 is started, the output end transmission wheel rotates, the transmission belt 15 drives the rotating roller 13 to rotate, realizes the initial placement of the pipe pile 16 above the rotating table and the subsequent rotatable basis, and prepares for the circumferential adjustment of the pipe pile 16 during detection; then the first motor 4 is started to drive the screw rod 5 to rotate, because the mounting block 6 is threadedly connected with the screw rod 5, the mounting block 6 moves along the sliding groove on the bottom surface of the mounting rod 2, thereby driving the L-shaped mounting plate 7 and the lower distance measuring mechanism to move synchronously, adjusting the detection position of the distance measuring mechanism in the axial direction (length direction) of the pipe pile 16, so as to detect the size of the pipe pile 16 at different axial positions; then the electric push rod 8 is started, the telescopic end pushes the laser scanner 9 to slide along the T-shaped slot of the mounting plate 7, adjusts the detection position of the laser scanner 9 in the radial direction (diameter direction) of the pipe pile 16, and the laser performs self-checking operation before size detection, after the self-checking operation is completed, the laser emission port 10 emits laser, which is reflected after encountering the pipe pile 16, the reflected laser is received by the laser sensor 12 in the inductive base 11, according to the time difference, optical path, etc. of laser emission and reception, combined with the distribution position of the laser sensor 12, the size data of the corresponding detection position of the pipe pile 16 is calculated, realizing the accurate detection of the size of the pipe pile 16;

[0071] During the detection process, the second motor 14 can be started again, the transmission belt 15 drives the rotating roller 13 to rotate, so that the pipe pile 16 rotates above the rotating table, changes the circumferential position of the pipe pile 16, and enables the distance measuring mechanism to detect the size of the pipe pile 16 at different angle positions in the circumferential direction, the moving mechanism and the distance measuring mechanism act cooperatively, continuously adjust the detection position, the distance measuring mechanism continuously collects data, realizes the comprehensive and accurate detection of the overall size of the pipe pile 16, the detection data is transmitted to the control system in real time for processing, recording and analysis, after the detection is completed, each mechanism is reset, and the next pipe pile 16 is detected.

[0072] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A laser-based device for detecting the dimensions of concrete pipe piles, comprising two mounting frames (1), two mounting rods (2) mounted on both sides of the top of the two mounting frames (1), and two bases (3) mounted between the two mounting frames (1), characterized in that: A moving mechanism is installed on the mounting rod (2), a ranging mechanism is installed below the moving mechanism, a rotating mechanism is installed on the base (3), and pipe piles (16) are installed on the two sets of rotating mechanisms. The rotating mechanism includes a turntable installed on the top surface of the base (3) and a second motor (14) located on one side of the turntable. Two rotating rollers (13) are rotatably installed on the upper end of the turntable. The control box of the detection device is equipped with an intelligent control component, which includes an analysis module; The analysis module analyzes the rotation angle data transmitted from the acquisition module, determines rotational anomalies during the size detection process, analyzes the causes of rotational anomalies, generates a size anomaly signal based on the size of the anomaly area, and transmits the size anomaly signal and the corresponding anomaly marker number to the execution module; it also analyzes the light intensity, ambient humidity, and dust concentration data transmitted from the acquisition module, determines the resulting detection error, and adjusts the anomaly judgment range based on the calculated detection error. The analysis module performs the following steps to analyze rotational anomalies: S1: The rotation angle data of the rotating roller (13) and the pipe pile (16) are detected respectively to obtain the rotation angle of the rotating roller (13). Rotation angle with pipe pile (16) The ratio between ,Right now ;like If the transmission between the roller (13) and the pipe pile (16) is abnormal, the cause of the abnormality will be analyzed. S2: Retrieve the real-time monitored rotational angular velocity data of both devices within a set time interval from the current time point, and calculate the average of the real-time monitored rotational angular velocity data within the set time interval. If the average of the real-time monitored rotational angular velocity data of the rotating roller (13) is... If the transmission abnormality is determined to be caused by the abnormal rotation of the roller (13), a roller warning signal is generated and transmitted to the execution module; if the average value of the real-time monitoring rotational angular velocity data of the pipe pile (16) is... If the transmission abnormality is determined to be caused by the abnormal rotation of the pipe pile (16), the cause of the abnormal rotation of the pipe pile (16) will be analyzed. S3: Retrieve the dimensional inspection data of the pipe pile (16) and according to the rotation angle Time required to complete one lap Divide the dimensional inspection data into time segments and average the dimensional inspection data within each time segment. The calculation, and the mean obtained. The differences between the data and other size detection data within the corresponding time segment are recorded, and data with differences exceeding a preset difference threshold are marked as anomalies. The detection time points corresponding to the anomaly marks are then recorded. To acquire, if the detection time point If there are abnormal markers within the range, it is determined that the dimensions of the pipe pile (16) are abnormal; otherwise, it is determined that the abnormality is caused by the fluctuation of the detection. The analysis module performs the following steps to analyze the size of abnormal areas: Q1: Taking the center of the laser point as the base point and the interval between adjacent detection times as the time, the displacement of the laser point on the outside of the pipe pile (16) within a detection time point is calculated based on the rotational angular velocity data of the pipe pile (16). Half of the displacement is used to construct a square shape with the base point as the center. The surface of the pipe pile (16) is divided according to the constructed square image. The square shape after division is numbered according to the number of shapes at one end of the pipe pile (16) and the clockwise number of shapes at the position mark. Q2: Calculate the number of adjacent outlier markers and the size of the outlier area. Equals the number of anomaly markers multiplied by the area of ​​the square image; preset anomaly area threshold. ,like If so, a size anomaly signal is generated, and the size anomaly signal and the corresponding anomaly marker number are passed to the execution module.

2. The concrete pipe pile size detection device using laser detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism includes two first motors (4) installed at the far ends of two mounting rods (2). The output end of the first motor (4) is equipped with a lead screw (5) through a coupling. The lead screw (5) is threadedly connected to a mounting block (6). The lower end of the mounting block (6) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped mounting plate (7).

3. The concrete pipe pile size detection device using laser detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lead screw (5) is rotatably installed inside the mounting rod (2), and the bottom surface of the mounting rod (2) is provided with a sliding groove that moves in conjunction with the mounting block (6).

4. The concrete pipe pile size detection device using laser detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ranging mechanism includes a laser scanner (9) slidably mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting plate (7) and an electric push rod (8) mounted on the side of the mounting plate (7). The bottom surface of the laser scanner (9) is equipped with a laser emission port (10), and the other side of the laser scanner (9) is equipped with a sensing base (11). Multiple laser sensors (12) are equidistantly mounted on the inner side of the sensing base (11).

5. A laser-based concrete pipe pile dimension detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic end of the electric push rod (8) is connected to one side of the laser scanner (9), and a T-shaped block is fixed to the upper end of the laser scanner (9). A T-shaped groove is provided on the mounting plate (7) to cooperate with the sliding of the T-shaped block.

6. The concrete pipe pile size detection device using laser detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the rollers (13) has a drive wheel installed on one end of its shaft and the output end of the second motor (14), and a drive belt (15) is sleeved on the outside of the two drive wheels.

7. The concrete pipe pile size detection device using laser detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis module performs the following steps to analyze detection errors: K1: Detection size error caused by interfering light. , The light interference coefficient is related to the ambient light intensity. and These are the interference light intensity and the laser emission intensity, respectively. The laser propagation distance; the measurement size error caused by dust and moisture. , Environmental degradation coefficient, Dust concentration, The relative humidity of the environment; the measurement size error caused by vibration and tilt. , The angle between the laser scanning direction and the radial direction of the pipe pile (16); K2: Measurement dimensional error caused by protrusions and depressions , and These represent the maximum depth of surface protrusions or depressions. The laser incident angle; the measurement size error caused by ellipticity. , and These are the diameters of the major and minor axes of the pipe pile section, respectively; dimensional errors caused by bending. , This represents the maximum bending deflection of the pipe pile. For the length of the pipe pile, This is the distance from the testing point to one end of the pipe pile; K3: Total error in the dimensional inspection of pipe pile (16) ;according to Set the deviation range of the measured dimensional data as follows: For the measured dimensional data that is within the deviation range, no abnormality marking is performed.

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