A BIM-based digital management method for hydraulic engineering

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of BIM-based hydraulic engineering digital management methods, it is related to hydraulic engineering digital technical field, by the task offset ratio Gap of each task calculation, and by the combination of spatial position information generates the construction period offset mapping set Map with three-dimensional expression ability, the set makes progress lag information no longer stays in table and text level, but directly visualized in BIM model is presented.Further, lagging key tasks beyond limit can be automatically screened out, included in key offset task set Key, and the corresponding offset layer View is generated, realize the spatial visualization marking of progress abnormal task, effectively solve the technical bottleneck that task lag information is difficult to intuitively present in prior art, management personnel is difficult to find key problem area in time, also establish the visual expression mechanism of progress offset in BIM three-dimensional space, effectively enhance the perceptibility of progress risk and the timeliness of dispatch response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of digital technology for water conservancy projects, specifically a BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects. Background Technology

[0002] Digital infrastructure management technology is a key development direction in modern engineering construction management systems. Especially with the trend of integrating information technology with the entire engineering construction process, engineering projects are increasingly reliant on multi-dimensional information integration management. Within this technological system, Building Information Modeling (BIM), as a crucial core of information-based construction, has been widely applied in industries such as architecture, transportation, and municipal engineering, enabling collaborative management of 3D design, construction simulation, and completed status of engineering projects. As BIM develops in greater depth, its application in the specific field of "water conservancy engineering construction" is gradually gaining attention. Particularly in water conservancy projects with complex terrain, long construction cycles, and diverse system components, BIM can not only be used for morphological modeling but also embed unstructured data such as schedule, quality, and safety information, thereby enhancing the level of digital management for projects.

[0003] Current water conservancy projects primarily rely on project management systems for construction progress management, using data records in text or tabular form, such as project planning software, construction logs, and Excel progress tables. The task completion status at the construction site is generally collected manually by the construction unit and then entered into the system; the comparison between planned and actual progress is mostly done manually. This model, dependent on manual judgment and decentralized data sources, has significant limitations: firstly, the timeliness of detecting schedule deviations is poor, often only being reported after serious delays have occurred; secondly, it is impossible to visually represent the location and impact area of ​​a delay in a specific task or sub-item within the overall project structure; and finally, updating the critical path requires manual judgment by professional schedulers, lacking an efficient and dynamic response mechanism. These problems have been repeatedly exposed in actual projects, especially during periods of intensive task overlap, where lagging nodes can trigger chain reactions of delays and even affect the achievement of overall construction goals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Through the progress sensing terminal at the construction site, the execution status of the water conservancy project construction site is collected in real time and constructed into a set of on-site construction data.

[0007] S2. Analyze the planned task information bound to each construction object in the BIM model of the water conservancy project to form a BIM plan schedule set Plan;

[0008] S3. Based on the on-site construction data set Set and the BIM plan schedule set Plan, calculate the task offset ratio Gap item by item, and combine it with the corresponding spatial location information Loc to generate the schedule offset mapping set Map.

[0009] S4. Based on the schedule offset mapping set Map, filter out the task numbers whose task offset ratio Gap exceeds the preset offset threshold Thr and include them in the key offset task set Key. Simultaneously generate the offset layer View in the 3D BIM model according to the key offset task set Key.

[0010] S5. Based on the distribution density, total number, and task importance weight of the delayed tasks in the offset layer View, calculate the overall schedule offset assessment value Val of the water conservancy project, compare it with the preset schedule tolerance interval Lim, and trigger the schedule response mechanism according to the comparison result.

[0011] Preferably, S1 includes S11 and S12;

[0012] S11. By deploying progress sensing terminals at the construction site, periodically acquire basic parameters related to the task execution status, including actual completion rate Pr, current status identifier St and task number Id, and package them with timestamps to generate a set of preliminary status datasets. All collected preliminary status datasets are uploaded to the water conservancy project site data intermediate platform according to unified field specifications for structured preprocessing.

[0013] The progress sensing terminal includes a progress status sensor installed on the construction equipment, a personnel positioning terminal combined with a workstation activation signal sensor, an engineering vehicle meter, a concrete pouring record sensor, and a handheld data acquisition device.

[0014] The actual completion rate Pr represents the percentage of the actual workload completed in the construction task relative to the total planned workload, and is dynamically updated data.

[0015] The current state identifier St is used to indicate whether the task is currently in the state of not started, in progress, or completed.

[0016] The task number Id represents the code used to uniquely identify the task in the engineering system, which is used to make a one-to-one correspondence with the task primary key in the BIM model.

[0017] S12. The actual completion rate Pr, the current status identifier St, and the task number Id are encapsulated at the field level, and the collection timestamp T is added synchronously. Then, the task number Id is used as the index to organize and construct a standard data structure unit to form the on-site construction data set Set.

[0018] Preferably, S2 includes S21;

[0019] S21. Identify component objects that are bound to construction tasks in the BIM model of water conservancy projects. By traversing all component objects in the BIM model, and taking a single component object as the basic unit, call the model data access interface one by one to extract the task attribute fields attached to the component objects.

[0020] The task attribute fields are pre-set during the modeling phase and are included in the component data structure in the form of component attribute extended fields.

[0021] During the reading of the task attribute fields, the planned task parameters contained in each component are extracted in sequence, including: the task number Id that identifies the construction task, the planned start time Ts and planned end time Te that define the task scheduling time window, and the spatial location information Loc that is used for spatial positioning and visualization.

[0022] The task number Id serves as the primary key for subsequent task matching and comparison, and is consistent with the task number Id in the on-site construction data set Set.

[0023] Preferably, S2 further includes S22;

[0024] S22. The obtained task number Id is used as the main index field. Combined with the planned start time Ts, planned end time Te, and spatial location information Loc, it is used as a component record. Consistency checks and data cleaning are performed on the component record. Records with missing fields are removed and marked as anomalies for isolation and management.

[0025] Integrate all component records that have undergone consistency checks and data cleaning to obtain the BIM plan schedule set.

[0026] Preferably, S3 includes S31;

[0027] S31. Using each component record in the BIM plan schedule set Plan as the unit of analysis, based on the current real-time time, the plan completion rate Pc is calculated by proportional conversion with the time range of the planned task. The obtained plan completion rate Pc is used as the theoretical benchmark value for subsequent task offset calculation and stored in the intermediate mapping table according to the task number Id index.

[0028] The plan completion rate Pc is obtained by reading the plan start time Ts and plan end time Te from each component record, and setting the current system running time as the current time Tn; then, the plan completion rate Pc is calculated based on the following three conditions.

[0029] Judgment condition 1: If the current time Tn is earlier than the planned start time Ts, then the planned completion rate Pc of the component record is 0%.

[0030] Judgment condition 2: If the current time Tn is later than the planned end time Te, then the planned completion rate Pc of the component record is 100%.

[0031] Judgment Condition 3: When Judgment Condition 1 and Judgment Condition 2 are not met, dynamic calculation is performed according to the following linear proportional model: Plan completion rate Pc = (Current time Tn − Plan start time Ts) ÷ (Plan end time Te − Plan start time Ts) × 100%.

[0032] Preferably, S3 further includes S32;

[0033] S32. Using task number Id as the primary index key, sequentially match and extract the actual completion rate Pr and the planned completion rate Pc corresponding to the same task from the on-site construction data set Set and the BIM plan schedule set Plan, calculate the difference between the two, and define the difference as the task offset ratio Gap. The task offset ratio Gap is used to quantify the current progress status of task number Id relative to the planned expected progress.

[0034] After calculating the task offset ratio Gap for each task using the task number Id as the primary key, the data is bound to the spatial location information Loc recorded in the BIM schedule plan set Plan, and combined to form a visual data unit containing the spatial location and offset degree of the task, thus constructing the schedule offset mapping set Map.

[0035] Preferably, S4 includes S41;

[0036] S41. Taking each task number Id in the project schedule offset mapping set Map as the analysis object, read the task offset ratio Gap one by one, and compare the task offset ratio Gap with the preset offset threshold Thr.

[0037] Specifically, the following comparison methods will be used for judgment and comparison:

[0038] When the task offset ratio Gap is less than the offset threshold Thr, the task with task number Id to which the task offset ratio Gap belongs is determined to be a task with a delayed schedule.

[0039] When the task offset ratio Gap is greater than or equal to the offset threshold Thr, the task with task number Id to which the task offset ratio Gap belongs is determined to be a task with normal progress and no action is taken.

[0040] For tasks that meet the conditions for delayed tasks, extract the task number Id and add the corresponding task record to the key offset task set Key;

[0041] Each record in the Key Offset Task Set carries the task offset ratio Gap associated with the task number Id and the spatial location information Loc.

[0042] Preferably, S4 further includes S42;

[0043] S42. Call the spatial location information Loc of each task number Id in the key offset task set Key, and perform layer generation operation in the 3D BIM model to build an offset layer View for highlighting lagging tasks.

[0044] The offset layer View exists as an additional layer of the BIM model, maintaining spatial consistency with the original component objects, and achieving a visual expression of the delayed task through overlay display.

[0045] Meanwhile, during the generation of the offset layer View, the color depth, transparency, and boundary outline style of the layer are dynamically mapped according to the value of the task offset ratio Gap.

[0046] Preferably, S5 includes S51;

[0047] S51. Using the delayed tasks displayed in the offset layer View as the statistical objects, extract the corresponding task offset ratio Gap according to their task number Id, calculate the average, minimum and standard deviation of the task offset ratio Gap of all delayed tasks, and combine the preset component weight parameters corresponding to the tasks to calculate the offset index of the current water conservancy project's overall progress using the weighted linear synthesis method, and mark it as the construction period offset evaluation value Val.

[0048] Preferably, S5 further includes S52;

[0049] S52. Based on the obtained schedule deviation assessment value Val, compare it with the preset schedule tolerance interval Lim, and determine whether the current water conservancy project is within the normal scheduling fluctuation range according to the comparison result, thereby triggering the corresponding response mechanism.

[0050] The response mechanism is triggered by the following comparison method:

[0051] When the project schedule deviation assessment value Val ≤ schedule tolerance interval Lim, the project schedule status is determined to be within a controllable range. The original schedule execution logic is maintained, and the deviation layer View is displayed in the BIM model in the conventional way.

[0052] If the project schedule offset assessment value Val is greater than the schedule tolerance interval Lim, the schedule optimization mechanism will be automatically triggered. The normal display mode of the current offset layer View will be paused, and the layer status in the BIM model will be updated to red. At the same time, a flashing warning effect will be added to remind managers to intervene and schedule in a timely manner.

[0053] This invention provides a BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0054] (1) By calculating the task offset ratio Gap for each task and generating a three-dimensional schedule offset mapping set Map through the combination of spatial location information, the schedule lag information is no longer confined to tables and text, but is directly and visually presented in the BIM model. Furthermore, it can automatically filter out key tasks that are lagging beyond the limit, include them in the key offset task set Key, and generate the corresponding offset layer View, realizing the spatial visualization annotation of tasks with abnormal schedules. This effectively solves the technical bottlenecks in the existing technology where task lag information is difficult to present intuitively and managers are unable to discover key problem areas in a timely manner. It also establishes a visual expression mechanism for schedule offset in the BIM three-dimensional space, effectively enhancing the perceptibility of schedule risks and the timeliness of scheduling response, and overcoming the technical shortcomings of traditional schedules that rely on manual comparison, cannot be spatially located, and lack evaluation basis.

[0055] (2) Using the component records in the BIM plan schedule set Plan as the analysis unit, the corresponding plan completion rate Pc is dynamically calculated based on the plan start time Ts, plan end time Te, and current system running time. This indicator serves as the theoretical completion value that the current node of the task should achieve, thus constructing a unified and time-sensitive task completion expectation model. This approach breaks through the rigid structure of static progress division in traditional schedule tables, enabling real-time baseline reconstruction of task progress at any time. Using the task number Id as the main index, the actual completion rate Pr and the planned completion rate Pc of the same task are matched one by one from the on-site construction data set Set and the BIM plan schedule set Plan. The difference between the two is calculated and defined as the task offset ratio Gap. A schedule offset mapping set Map with three-dimensional model spatial semantics is constructed, which not only accurately locates the physical location of delayed or advanced tasks, but also makes the BIM model a response carrier for scheduling judgment, realizing the transformation from "data-driven planning" to "space-driven control". This invention enables the expression of construction task progress in a fine-grained, dynamic, and spatially integrated manner, effectively overcoming the technical problems of traditional methods such as lack of comparative reference, lack of spatial distribution support, and information fragmentation that make scheduling difficult to implement. It constructs a key bridge structure for model-driven project management.

[0056] (3) Based on the task lag screening and spatial layer expression mechanism driven by the schedule offset mapping set Map, an offset expression system with scheduling prompts, visual highlighting and dynamic feedback capabilities was constructed without changing the original engineering model structure. The task offset ratio Gap was compared with the offset threshold Thr set by the system one by one at the task level. The task number Id that deviated from the warning limit was accurately identified and organized into a key offset task set Key with structural specifications and spatial information. The intelligent screening of "high-risk lag tasks" was completed by automatically extracting them from the full set of tasks. This process not only avoids the subjective error of relying on manual identification of lag nodes in traditional scheduling, but also builds a clear target set for subsequent model expression. The spatial location information Loc carried in the key offset task set Key is called to dynamically construct the offset layer View in the 3D BIM model. The lag tasks are highlighted on the original component positions by overlay rendering. The color depth, transparency, and border blinking are styled by the value of the task offset ratio Gap. The severity of the task lag and the spatial distribution are presented intuitively at the visual level. Ultimately, this layer is embedded in the BIM management platform, allowing users to view the lag distribution of each stage from any angle. This significantly improves the response efficiency of scheduling decisions and the spatial sensitivity of task warnings, effectively making up for the technical shortcomings of traditional schedule planning, such as the fragmentation of text and graphics information and the lack of model space-assisted identification. It provides key support capabilities for realizing intelligent scheduling and prediction based on three-dimensional models. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects according to the present invention.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the data transmission process for a BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] Example 1: This invention provides a BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 This includes the following steps:

[0061] S1. Through the progress sensing terminal at the construction site, the execution status of the water conservancy project construction site is collected in real time and constructed into a set of on-site construction data.

[0062] S2. Analyze the planned task information bound to each construction object in the BIM model of the water conservancy project to form a BIM plan schedule set Plan;

[0063] S3. Based on the on-site construction data set Set and the BIM plan schedule set Plan, calculate the task offset ratio Gap item by item, and combine it with the corresponding spatial location information Loc to generate the schedule offset mapping set Map.

[0064] S4. Based on the schedule offset mapping set Map, filter out the task numbers whose task offset ratio Gap exceeds the preset offset threshold Thr and include them in the key offset task set Key. Simultaneously generate the offset layer View in the 3D BIM model according to the key offset task set Key.

[0065] S5. Based on the distribution density, total number, and task importance weight of the delayed tasks in the offset layer View, calculate the overall schedule offset assessment value Val of the water conservancy project, compare it with the preset schedule tolerance interval Lim, and trigger the schedule response mechanism according to the comparison result.

[0066] In this embodiment, the execution status of each task is collected in real time by on-site progress sensing terminals, constructing a set of on-site construction data (Set). This data is then combined with a BIM plan schedule set (Plan) extracted from the BIM model to calculate the task offset ratio (Gap) for each task. A three-dimensional schedule offset mapping set (Map) is generated by combining spatial location information. This map allows schedule lag information to be directly and visually presented in the BIM model, moving beyond tables and text. Furthermore, it automatically filters out critical tasks that exceed delay limits, includes them in a key offset task set (Key), and generates corresponding offset layers (View), enabling spatial visualization of tasks with abnormal schedules. This effectively solves the technical bottlenecks of existing technologies, such as the difficulty in intuitively presenting task lag information and the difficulty for managers to promptly identify key problem areas. Finally, by statistically evaluating the distribution density, number, and importance of lagging tasks in the layers, a comprehensive indicator, the schedule offset assessment value (Val), is calculated and compared with a preset schedule tolerance interval (Lim). This allows for a quantitative judgment of the overall project schedule status and risk level response, transforming schedule control from a traditional "post-event response" to a proactive management model of "dynamic early warning" and "model-driven" approaches. This invention not only improves the efficiency of identifying lagging tasks on the critical path, but also establishes a visual expression mechanism for schedule deviation in BIM 3D space, effectively enhancing the perceptibility of schedule risks and the timeliness of scheduling response, overcoming the technical shortcomings of traditional schedules that rely on manual comparison, cannot be spatially located, and lack evaluation basis.

[0067] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Specifically: S1 includes S11 and S12;

[0068] S11. By deploying progress sensing terminals at the construction site, periodically acquire basic parameters related to the task execution status, including actual completion rate Pr, current status identifier St and task number Id, and package them with timestamps to generate a set of preliminary status datasets. All collected preliminary status datasets are uploaded to the water conservancy project site data intermediate platform according to unified field specifications for structured preprocessing.

[0069] The progress sensing terminal includes a progress status sensor installed on the construction equipment, a personnel positioning terminal combined with a workstation activation signal sensor, an engineering vehicle meter, a concrete pouring record sensor, and a handheld data acquisition device.

[0070] The actual completion rate Pr represents the percentage of the actual workload completed in the construction task relative to the total planned workload, and is dynamically updated data.

[0071] The current state identifier St is used to indicate whether the task is currently in the state of not started, in progress, or completed.

[0072] The task number Id represents the code used to uniquely identify the task in the engineering system, which is used to make a one-to-one correspondence with the task primary key in the BIM model.

[0073] Example of Pr data collection showing actual completion rate:

[0074] The actual completion rate (Pr) represents the percentage of work completed for a construction task out of the total planned work for that task. It is a core indicator of the task execution status that is dynamically updated in real time, and its collection and calculation are based on the following logic:

[0075] Data collection strategies driven by different task classifications:

[0076] Different types of construction tasks have different completion status representations; therefore, the progress sensing terminal adopts a layered data collection method based on task type:

[0077] Structural tasks, including concrete pouring, rebar tying, and formwork erection:

[0078] Utilize engineering quantity measurement modules installed on the equipment, such as pressure and flow sensors for concrete pump stations and tape measure-type distance measuring devices;

[0079] Collect data on completed work, such as the volume of poured concrete and the length of tied reinforcing bars; compare this data with the "planned work," such as the total cubic meters or meters of work assigned; and calculate: Actual completion rate Pr = Completed work ÷ Planned work × 100%.

[0080] Prefabricated tasks, such as pipe section installation, sluice gate pre-embedding, and equipment hoisting:

[0081] Using RFID tags or QR codes linked to task numbers, combined with sensing devices, it is determined whether components are installed correctly; the "number of installed components" is counted and compared with the "planned number of installations"; the actual completion rate Pr = number of installed components ÷ planned number of installations × 100%.

[0082] For manual tasks, such as surveying and setting out, and foundation clearing: assess the "completed work time" or "manual progress tracking ratio" by recording the location of workers, such as wearing location cards and clocking in, combined with on-site supervision records: Actual completion rate Pr = Completed mileage or time ÷ Planned mileage or time × 100%;

[0083] S12. The actual completion rate Pr, the current status identifier St, and the task number Id are encapsulated at the field level, and the collection timestamp T is added synchronously. Then, the task number Id is used as the index to organize and construct a standard data structure unit to form a set of on-site construction data. The same task number Id can correspond to multiple records, and can be sorted by the collection timestamp T to retain the latest status.

[0084] In this embodiment, by deploying various types of progress sensing terminals, differentiated parameter acquisition logic is constructed for structural tasks, assembly tasks, and manual tasks, enabling accurate acquisition of the key dynamic indicator, the actual completion rate Pr. Combined with the current status identifier St and task number Id, the system can comprehensively reconstruct the true state of each construction task during on-site execution, ensuring a high degree of consistency between the data foundation and the actual project. By encapsulating core fields such as the actual completion rate Pr, current status identifier St, and task number Id in a unified format, and introducing a data time sequence logic using a collection timestamp T, the system achieves traceable recording of the historical execution trajectory of the same task number, constructing a standardized on-site construction data set Set. This ensures field-level compatibility and data integrity when subsequently performing logical comparisons and dynamic calculations with the BIM plan schedule set Plan. The execution of this step ensures that the construction progress data not only has the ability to identify types and control accuracy, but also has clear structure and system compatibility. This provides a high-quality, low-noise raw data source for subsequent offset analysis, modeling calculations and spatial visualization, avoiding the data distortion and calculation deviation problems caused by inconsistent data granularity, single collection methods or manual intervention in existing technologies.

[0085] Example 3: Specifically: S2 includes S21;

[0086] S21. Identify component objects that are bound to construction tasks in the BIM model of water conservancy projects. By traversing all component objects in the BIM model, and taking a single component object as the basic unit, call the model data access interface one by one to extract the task attribute fields attached to the component objects.

[0087] The task attribute fields are pre-set during the modeling phase and are included in the component data structure in the form of component attribute extended fields.

[0088] During the reading of the task attribute fields, the planned task parameters contained in each component are extracted in sequence, including: the task number Id that identifies the construction task, the planned start time Ts and planned end time Te that define the task scheduling time window, and the spatial location information Loc that is used for spatial positioning and visualization.

[0089] The task number Id serves as the primary key for subsequent task matching and comparison, and must be consistent with the task number Id in the on-site construction data set Set.

[0090] The spatial location information Loc can be calculated and obtained by the model platform, such as by positioning through the geometric bounding box of the component object, the three-dimensional coordinate center point, or the component geometric index, to ensure that the model task has spatial representation capability.

[0091] S2 further includes S22;

[0092] S22. The obtained task number Id is used as the main index field. Combined with the planned start time Ts, planned end time Te, and spatial location information Loc, it is used as a component record. Consistency checks and data cleaning are performed on the component record. Records with missing fields are removed and marked as anomalies for isolation and management.

[0093] Integrate all component records that have undergone consistency checks and data cleaning to obtain the BIM plan schedule set.

[0094] In this embodiment, all component objects in the BIM model are used as the basic traversal unit. The preset task attribute fields within each component are extracted through the model data access interface, obtaining key parameters including task number (Id), planned start time (Ts), planned end time (Te), and spatial location information (Loc). This enables precise anchoring of task entities in the scheduling logic to spatial components in the model, providing underlying logical support for subsequent progress analysis in a three-dimensional structure-task-space framework. Simultaneously, a unique index relationship is established based on the extracted task number (Id), ensuring that this number can be directly compared and matched with the on-site construction data set (Set) in the future, achieving consistent connection across data sources. A complete record unit is constructed using the task number (Id) as the main index field, and a consistency verification and field integrity detection mechanism is introduced to automatically remove and isolate missing or abnormal records. Finally, this is integrated to form a structurally standardized, field-uniform, and time-series complete BIM plan schedule set (Plan). This step not only establishes a spatial positioning and task comparison mechanism for task plan information in the 3D model, but also significantly enhances the availability, readability, and solution integration capabilities of scheduling plan data through anomaly filtering and standardized encapsulation. It effectively solves key problems in existing technologies such as scattered model task information structure, unmappable spatial locations, and high missing rate of task plan fields.

[0095] Example 4: Specifically: S3 includes S31;

[0096] S31. Using each component record in the BIM plan schedule set Plan as the unit of analysis, based on the current real-time time, the plan completion rate Pc is calculated by proportional conversion with the time range of the planned task. The obtained plan completion rate Pc is used as the theoretical benchmark value for subsequent task offset calculation and stored in the intermediate mapping table according to the task number Id index.

[0097] The plan completion rate Pc is obtained by reading the plan start time Ts and plan end time Te from each component record, and setting the current system running time as the current time Tn; then, the plan completion rate Pc is calculated based on the following three conditions.

[0098] Judgment condition 1: If the current time Tn is earlier than the planned start time Ts, then the planned completion rate Pc of the component record is 0%.

[0099] Judgment condition 2: If the current time Tn is later than the planned end time Te, then the planned completion rate Pc of the component record is 100%.

[0100] Judgment Condition 3: When Judgment Condition 1 and Judgment Condition 2 are not met, dynamic calculation is performed according to the following linear proportional model: Plan completion rate Pc = (Current time Tn − Plan start time Ts) ÷ (Plan end time Te − Plan start time Ts) × 100%.

[0101] S3 further includes S32;

[0102] S32. Using task number Id as the primary key, sequentially match and extract the actual completion rate Pr and planned completion rate Pc corresponding to the same task from the on-site construction data set Set and the BIM plan schedule set Plan, calculate the difference between the two, and define the difference as the task offset ratio Gap. The task offset ratio Gap is used to quantify the current progress status of task number Id relative to the planned expected progress. A positive task offset ratio Gap indicates that the task is executed ahead of schedule, and a negative task offset ratio Gap indicates that the task is lagging behind schedule.

[0103] After calculating the task offset ratio Gap for each task using the task number Id as the primary key, the data is bound to the spatial location information Loc recorded in the BIM schedule plan set Plan. This combination forms a visual data unit containing the spatial location and offset degree of the task, and constructs a schedule offset mapping set Map. The schedule offset mapping set Map not only provides spatial positioning capabilities for schedule lag data, but also builds a dynamic linkage bridge between the construction scheduling system and the BIM model. This is significantly better than the time sequence information islands provided by traditional static schedule tables. It is the fundamental structural achievement of this invention that supports the core function of "space-driven schedule control".

[0104] In this embodiment, component records in the BIM plan schedule set Plan are used as analysis units. Based on the planned start time Ts, planned end time Te, and current system running time, the corresponding planned completion rate Pc is dynamically calculated. This indicator serves as the theoretical completion value that the current node of the task should achieve, constructing a unified, time-sensitive task completion expectation model. This approach breaks through the rigid structure of static progress division in traditional schedule tables, enabling real-time baseline reconstruction of task progress at any given time. Using the task number Id as the main index, the actual completion rate Pr and planned completion rate Pc of the same task are matched one by one from the on-site construction data set Set and the BIM plan schedule set Plan. The difference between the two is calculated and defined as the task offset ratio Gap. This offset forms a clear measure of execution status difference at each task granularity. Furthermore, this offset value is combined with the original component spatial location information Loc to construct a schedule offset mapping set Map with three-dimensional model spatial semantics. This not only accurately locates the physical location of delayed or advanced tasks but also makes the BIM model a response carrier for scheduling judgments, realizing the transformation from "data-driven planning" to "space-driven control". The execution of this step enables the present invention to express the progress of construction tasks in a fine-grained, dynamic, and spatially integrated manner, effectively overcoming the technical problems of traditional methods such as lack of comparative reference, lack of spatial distribution support, and information fragmentation that make scheduling difficult to implement, and constructing a key bridge structure for model-driven project management.

[0105] Example 5: Specifically: S4 includes S41;

[0106] S41. Taking each task number Id in the project schedule offset mapping set Map as the analysis object, read the task offset ratio Gap one by one, and compare the task offset ratio Gap with the preset offset threshold Thr.

[0107] Specifically, the following comparison methods will be used for judgment and comparison:

[0108] When the task offset ratio Gap < offset threshold Thr, it indicates that the offset exceeds the system's allowed range. It is usually a negative value. In this case, the task with task number Id to which the task offset ratio Gap belongs is a task with a delayed schedule.

[0109] When the task offset ratio Gap is greater than or equal to the offset threshold Thr, the task with task number Id to which the task offset ratio Gap belongs is determined to be a task with normal progress and no action is taken.

[0110] For tasks that meet the conditions for delayed tasks, extract the task number Id and add the corresponding task record to the key offset task set Key;

[0111] Each record in the Key Offset Task Set Key carries the task offset ratio Gap and spatial location information Loc associated with the task number Id, which are used for subsequent spatial annotation and layer construction in the model. Through this step of screening, the process of identifying "severe schedule offset tasks" from all construction tasks is completed, providing an accurate target set for the spatial marking of lagging areas.

[0112] S4 further includes S42;

[0113] S42. Call the spatial location information Loc of each task number Id in the key offset task set Key, and perform layer generation operation in the 3D BIM model to build an offset layer View for highlighting lagging tasks.

[0114] The offset layer View exists as an additional layer of the BIM model, maintaining spatial consistency with the original component objects, and achieving a visual expression of the delayed task through overlay display.

[0115] Meanwhile, during the generation of the offset layer View, the color depth, transparency and boundary outline style of the layer are dynamically mapped according to the value of the task offset ratio Gap. For example, mechanisms such as setting the color to be darker and the border to flash as a hint are set to enhance the warning effect of the model.

[0116] After the offset layer View is rendered, it will be embedded in the BIM management platform, allowing users to view the current task lag distribution from any perspective and realize spatial visualization and positioning of progress offset.

[0117] In this embodiment, a task lag screening and spatial layer representation mechanism driven by a schedule offset mapping set (Map) is constructed without altering the original engineering model structure. This mechanism features scheduling prompts, visual highlighting, and dynamic feedback capabilities. Tasks are compared one by one at the task level with their offset ratio (Gap) and the system-defined offset threshold (Thr). Tasks whose deviation exceeds the warning limit (Id) are accurately identified and organized into a key offset task set (Key) that carries structural specifications and spatial information. This intelligently extracts "high-risk delayed tasks" from the entire task pool. This process not only avoids the subjective errors of relying on manual identification of delayed nodes in traditional scheduling but also establishes a clear target set for subsequent model representation. The spatial location information (Loc) carried in the key offset task set (Key) is used to dynamically construct an offset layer (View) in the 3D BIM model. Through overlay rendering, delayed tasks are highlighted at their original component locations. The magnitude of the task offset ratio (Gap) is used to map the color depth, transparency, and border flickering, making the severity and spatial distribution of task lag visually apparent. Ultimately, this layer is embedded in the BIM management platform, allowing users to view the lag distribution of each stage from any angle. This significantly improves the response efficiency of scheduling decisions and the spatial sensitivity of task warnings, effectively making up for the technical shortcomings of traditional schedule planning, such as the fragmentation of text and graphics information and the lack of model space-assisted identification. It provides key support capabilities for realizing intelligent scheduling and prediction based on three-dimensional models.

[0118] Example 6: Specifically: S5 includes S51;

[0119] S51. Taking the lagging tasks displayed in the offset layer View as the statistical objects, extract the corresponding task offset ratio Gap according to their task number Id, calculate the average, minimum and standard deviation of the task offset ratio Gap of all lagging tasks, and combine the preset component weight parameters corresponding to the tasks to calculate the offset index of the current water conservancy project's overall progress using the weighted linear synthesis method, and mark it as the construction period offset evaluation value Val.

[0120] The project schedule deviation assessment value Val is the core decision-making basis for measuring the stability of the current construction progress and the risk of delay.

[0121] S5 also includes S52;

[0122] S52. Based on the obtained schedule deviation assessment value Val, compare it with the preset schedule tolerance interval Lim, and determine whether the current water conservancy project is within the normal scheduling fluctuation range according to the comparison result, thereby triggering the corresponding response mechanism.

[0123] The response mechanism is triggered by the following comparison method:

[0124] When the project schedule deviation assessment value Val ≤ schedule tolerance interval Lim, the project schedule status is determined to be within a controllable range. The original schedule execution logic is maintained, and the deviation layer View is displayed in the BIM model in the conventional way.

[0125] If the project schedule offset assessment value Val is greater than the schedule tolerance interval Lim, the schedule optimization mechanism will be automatically triggered. The normal display mode of the current offset layer View will be paused, and the layer status in the BIM model will be updated to red. At the same time, a flashing warning effect will be added to remind managers to intervene and schedule in a timely manner.

[0126] In this embodiment, the delayed tasks identified in the offset layer View are used as the statistical basis. Their corresponding task offset ratios (Gap) are extracted sequentially. Based on the structural importance of the delayed tasks in the project implementation, combined with the weighting factors of the components, a weighted linear synthesis method is used to uniformly quantify the offset statistical characteristics of each task, calculating an index value representing the overall project schedule offset status, namely the project schedule offset assessment value Val. This index, as a global stability measurement parameter for construction progress, aggregates the local lag degree and structural position at different task levels into a single macroscopic expression for the first time. It has good traceability and comparability, providing direct support for subsequent decision-making. Using the project schedule offset assessment value Val as the judgment benchmark, it is dynamically compared with the schedule tolerance interval Lim set in the system, thereby triggering different levels of response mechanisms: if within the allowable fluctuation range, the current scheduling status and the normal display logic of the offset layer View are maintained; if exceeding the set threshold, the layer color change and flashing warning effect are immediately triggered to enhance the risk perception intensity of the scheduler and assist them in accurately intervening in the area where the delayed tasks are located. It effectively realizes multi-index normalization analysis of deviation status and layer-level response linkage, significantly reduces the potential risk of overall project schedule loss of control, and provides a solid foundation for achieving closed-loop management of complex schedule fluctuations.

[0127] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Through the progress sensing terminal at the construction site, the execution status of the water conservancy project construction site is collected in real time and constructed into a set of on-site construction data. S2. Analyze the planned task information bound to each construction object in the BIM model of the water conservancy project to form a BIM plan schedule set Plan; S3. Based on the on-site construction data set Set and the BIM plan schedule set Plan, calculate the task offset ratio Gap item by item, and combine it with the corresponding spatial location information Loc to generate the schedule offset mapping set Map. S4. Based on the schedule offset mapping set Map, filter out the task numbers whose task offset ratio Gap exceeds the preset offset threshold Thr and include them in the key offset task set Key. Simultaneously generate the offset layer View in the 3D BIM model according to the key offset task set Key. S5. Based on the distribution density, total number, and task importance weight of the delayed tasks in the offset layer View, calculate the overall schedule offset evaluation value Val of the water conservancy project, compare it with the preset schedule tolerance interval Lim, and trigger the schedule response mechanism according to the comparison result. S3 includes S31; S31. Using each component record in the BIM plan schedule set Plan as the unit of analysis, based on the current real-time time, the plan completion rate Pc is calculated by proportional conversion with the time range of the planned task. The obtained plan completion rate Pc is used as the theoretical benchmark value for subsequent task offset calculation and stored in the intermediate mapping table according to the task number Id index. The plan completion rate Pc is obtained by reading the plan start time Ts and plan end time Te from each component record, and setting the current system running time as the current time Tn. Then, the plan completion rate Pc is calculated based on the following three conditions; Judgment condition 1: If the current time Tn is earlier than the planned start time Ts, then the planned completion rate Pc of the component record is 0%. Judgment condition 2: If the current time Tn is later than the planned end time Te, then the planned completion rate Pc of the component record is 100%. Judgment Condition 3: When Judgment Condition 1 and Judgment Condition 2 are not met, dynamic calculation is performed according to the following linear proportional model: Plan Completion Rate Pc = (Current Time Tn - Plan Start Time Ts) ÷ (Plan End Time Te - Plan Start Time Ts) × 100%; S3 further includes S32; S32. Using task number Id as the primary index key, sequentially match and extract the actual completion rate Pr and the planned completion rate Pc corresponding to the same task from the on-site construction data set Set and the BIM plan schedule set Plan, calculate the difference between the two, and define the difference as the task offset ratio Gap. The task offset ratio Gap is used to quantify the current progress status of task number Id relative to the planned expected progress. After calculating the task offset ratio Gap for each task using the task number Id as the primary key, the data is bound to the spatial location information Loc recorded in the BIM schedule plan set Plan, and combined to form a visual data unit containing the spatial location and offset degree of the task, thus constructing the schedule offset mapping set Map.

2. The BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1 includes S11 and S12; S11. By deploying progress sensing terminals at the construction site, periodically acquire basic parameters related to the task execution status, including actual completion rate Pr, current status identifier St and task number Id, and package them with timestamps to generate a set of preliminary status datasets. All collected preliminary status datasets are uploaded to the water conservancy project site data intermediate platform according to unified field specifications for structured preprocessing. The progress sensing terminal includes a progress status sensor installed on the construction equipment, a personnel positioning terminal combined with a workstation activation signal sensor, an engineering vehicle meter, a concrete pouring record sensor, and a handheld data acquisition device. The actual completion rate Pr represents the percentage of the actual workload completed in the construction task relative to the total planned workload, and is dynamically updated data. The current state identifier St is used to indicate whether the task is currently in the state of not started, in progress, or completed. The task number Id represents the code used to uniquely identify the task in the engineering system, which is used to make a one-to-one correspondence with the task primary key in the BIM model. S12. The actual completion rate Pr, the current status identifier St, and the task number Id are encapsulated at the field level, and the collection timestamp T is added synchronously. Then, the task number Id is used as the index to organize and construct a standard data structure unit to form the on-site construction data set Set.

3. The BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: S2 includes S21; S21. Identify component objects that are bound to construction tasks in the BIM model of water conservancy projects. By traversing all component objects in the BIM model, and taking a single component object as the basic unit, call the model data access interface one by one to extract the task attribute fields attached to the component objects. The task attribute fields are pre-set during the modeling phase and are included in the component data structure in the form of component attribute extended fields. During the reading of the task attribute fields, the planned task parameters contained in each component are extracted in sequence, including: the task number Id that identifies the construction task, the planned start time Ts and planned end time Te that define the task scheduling time window, and the spatial location information Loc that is used for spatial positioning and visualization. The task number Id serves as the primary key for subsequent task matching and comparison, and is consistent with the task number Id in the on-site construction data set Set.

4. The BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: S2 further includes S22; S22. The obtained task number Id is used as the main index field. Combined with the planned start time Ts, planned end time Te, and spatial location information Loc, it is used as a component record. Consistency checks and data cleaning are performed on the component record. Records with missing fields are removed and marked as anomalies for isolation and management. Integrate all component records that have undergone consistency checks and data cleaning to obtain the BIM plan schedule set.

5. The BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: S4 includes S41; S41. Taking each task number Id in the project schedule offset mapping set Map as the analysis object, read the task offset ratio Gap one by one, and compare the task offset ratio Gap with the preset offset threshold Thr. Specifically, the following comparison methods will be used for judgment and comparison: When the task offset ratio Gap is less than the offset threshold Thr, the task with task number Id to which the task offset ratio Gap belongs is determined to be a task with a delayed schedule. When the task offset ratio Gap is greater than or equal to the offset threshold Thr, the task with task number Id to which the task offset ratio Gap belongs is determined to be a task with normal progress and no action is taken. For tasks that meet the conditions for delayed tasks, extract the task number Id and add the corresponding task record to the key offset task set Key; Each record in the Key Offset Task Set carries the task offset ratio Gap associated with the task number Id and the spatial location information Loc.

6. The BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects according to claim 5, characterized in that: S4 further includes S42; S42. Call the spatial location information Loc of each task number Id in the key offset task set Key, and perform layer generation operation in the 3D BIM model to build an offset layer View for highlighting lagging tasks. The offset layer View exists as an additional layer of the BIM model, maintaining spatial consistency with the original component objects, and achieving a visual expression of the delayed task through overlay display. Meanwhile, during the generation of the offset layer View, the color depth, transparency, and boundary outline style of the layer are dynamically mapped according to the value of the task offset ratio Gap.

7. The BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: S5 includes S51; S51. Using the delayed tasks displayed in the offset layer View as the statistical objects, extract the corresponding task offset ratio Gap according to their task number Id, calculate the average, minimum and standard deviation of the task offset ratio Gap of all delayed tasks, and combine the preset component weight parameters corresponding to the tasks to calculate the offset index of the current water conservancy project's overall progress using the weighted linear synthesis method, and mark it as the construction period offset evaluation value Val.

8. The BIM-based digital management method for water conservancy projects according to claim 7, characterized in that: S5 also includes S52; S52. Based on the obtained schedule deviation assessment value Val, compare it with the preset schedule tolerance interval Lim, and determine whether the current water conservancy project is within the normal scheduling fluctuation range according to the comparison result, thereby triggering the corresponding response mechanism. The response mechanism is triggered by the following comparison method: When the project schedule deviation assessment value Val ≤ schedule tolerance interval Lim, the project schedule status is determined to be within a controllable range. The original schedule execution logic is maintained, and the deviation layer View is displayed in the BIM model in the conventional way. If the project schedule offset assessment value Val is greater than the schedule tolerance interval Lim, the schedule optimization mechanism will be automatically triggered. The normal display mode of the current offset layer View will be paused, and the layer status in the BIM model will be updated to red. At the same time, a flashing warning effect will be added to remind managers to intervene and schedule in a timely manner.

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