Multi-mode switching rolling type tobacco fertilizing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-mode switching rolling type tobacco fertilizing device, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco planting fertilizing equipment. Comprising an equipment frame, an automatic driving module is arranged at the top of the equipment frame, a stock bin module is erected below the equipment frame, the stock bin module is connected to a three-way mixing cavity through a conveying pipeline, the bottom of the three-way mixing cavity is communicated with a flow divider, and a flow dividing adjusting module is arranged between the flow divider and the stock bin module; and distance sensors are arranged on the two sides of the telescopic push rod. Mixed application of granular fertilizer, powder fertilizer and liquid fertilizer can be achieved, the problem of inaccurate dosage is solved through accurate flow control, the device adapts to complex tobacco areas such as hills and slopes, a single-row or double-row fertilization mode can be switched, switching of an automatic driving mode and a manual mode is supported, and the tobacco fertilization efficiency and accuracy are effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tobacco planting and fertilizing equipment, in particular to a tobacco rolling fertilizing device with multi-mode switching. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tobacco is an important economic crop in China, and its growth process has high requirements for the type, dosage and application method of fertilizer. At present, the existing tobacco fertilizing equipment has the following outstanding problems: 1. Single fertilizing type, unable to meet the demand for mixed fertilizing Traditional fertilizing devices can only apply a single type of fertilizer (such as granular fertilizer or liquid fertilizer), but tobacco fertilizing, especially the application of base fertilizer and early-stage topdressing, often requires multiple types of fertilizer (such as tobacco special fertilizer, which is usually granular, potassium sulfate, which is usually powder, superphosphate, which is usually powder, potassium nitrate, heavy superphosphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium potassium nitrate, which are usually in powder or granular form, and organic fertilizer, which is usually in granular or powder form; and topdressing often requires water-soluble fertilizer, i.e. liquid fertilizer). Manual mixed fertilizing not only has low efficiency, but also affects the fertilizing effect due to uneven mixing.

[0003] 2. Insufficient dosage control accuracy, relying on experience to make dynamic fertilizing difficult When manually fertilizing or using traditional mechanical fertilizing, the amount of fertilizer is often dependent on the experience of the operator, making it difficult to ensure uniformity in fertilizing, and making it impossible to dynamically adjust the amount of fertilizer according to the growth state of tobacco and the difference in soil fertility during topdressing. For example, manual fertilizing often results in inconsistent growth of tobacco plants due to different amounts of fertilizer; the amount of fertilizer required during the root extension period and the vigorous growth period of tobacco is significantly different, and traditional equipment cannot respond to this change in real time, which can easily lead to "less fertilizer and reduced yield" or "more fertilizer and burned seedlings".

[0004] 3. Single function, unable to meet diversified needs Traditional fertilizing devices can only achieve extensive application of a single material, lack the functions of expanding the type of fertilizer, measuring the flow rate, and switching modes, and cannot meet the requirements of fine tobacco planting.

[0005] Traditional fertilizing devices can only achieve single-row fertilizing and cannot perform double-row fertilizing, which cannot achieve balanced nutrition supply to both sides of the tobacco plants.

[0006] 4. Single adaptation scene, unable to meet the needs of hilly areas Traditional fertilizing machines can only meet the needs of flat or small-slope tobacco fields and cannot adapt to hilly tobacco areas or large-slope tobacco areas, or scattered plots, which account for a large proportion of tobacco areas in China. SUMMARY

[0007] The application aims to provide a tobacco rolling type fertilizer application device with multi-mode switching, which comprehensively improves the intelligent and accurate level of tobacco fertilization by integrating functions such as multi-type fertilizer storage and mixing, accurate flow regulation, single and double row mode switching, automatic driving and complex terrain adaptation.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides a tobacco rolling type fertilizer application device with multi-mode switching, which comprises a device frame, the top of the device frame is provided with an automatic driving module, the automatic driving module is arranged below a bin module, the bin module is fixed through a cross beam, the bin module is connected to a three-way mixing cavity through a conveying pipeline, the bottom of the three-way mixing cavity is communicated with a flow divider, a flow regulation module is arranged between the three-way mixing cavity and the flow divider, the bottom of the flow divider is provided with a flow divider pipe and a fertilizer application pipe, the bottom of the device frame is provided with a wheel module on both sides, a telescopic push rod is arranged at the center of the bottom of the device frame, and a plurality of distance sensors are arranged on both sides of the telescopic push rod.

[0009] Preferably, the automatic driving module comprises a control touch display screen, and the bottom of the control touch display screen is respectively provided with a camera and a laser radar.

[0010] Preferably, the bin module comprises a powder fertilizer bin, particle fertilizer bins and liquid fertilizer bins are arranged on the left and right sides of the powder fertilizer bin respectively, a screw conveyor one, a screw conveyor two and an electromagnetic flow valve are connected to the particle fertilizer bins, the powder fertilizer bin and the liquid fertilizer bin respectively, the screw conveyor one, the screw conveyor two and the electromagnetic flow valve are all mounted with conveying pipelines, and are connected to the three-way mixing cavity through the conveying pipelines.

[0011] Preferably, the flow regulation module comprises a flow regulation disc arranged above the flow divider, the flow regulation disc is connected to a driving motor arranged in the flow divider through a rotating shaft, and a single row fertilizer application hole and a double row fertilizer application hole are respectively arranged on the flow regulation disc.

[0012] Preferably, the flow divider pipe and the fertilizer application pipe respectively comprise a left flow divider pipe, a right flow divider pipe, a left side fertilizer application pipe and a right side fertilizer application pipe, the left flow divider pipe is connected to the left side fertilizer application pipe, and the right flow divider pipe is connected to the right side fertilizer application pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the wheel module comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the driving wheel is drivingly connected to a motor through an axle, the driven wheel is connected to the device frame through an axle, so that the overall frame is more stable, and antiskid tires are mounted on the outer surfaces of the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

[0014] Therefore, the tobacco rolling type fertilizer application device with multi-mode switching has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention achieves precise proportioning and mixing of three fertilizers through the coordinated design of granular fertilizer bins, powder fertilizer bins, liquid fertilizer bins and three-way mixing chamber, so as to meet the compound fertilization needs of tobacco at different growth stages.

[0015] (2) This invention relies on the quantitative conveying function of the screw conveyor and the electromagnetic flow valve, combined with the real-time feedback of the distance sensor, to dynamically adjust according to the tobacco growth status and avoid fertilizer waste.

[0016] (3) Based on traditional fertilization, this invention adds multiple types of fertilizer storage, flow metering, mixing and mode switching functions to achieve "one machine for multiple uses". Furthermore, the design of anti-slip tires and independent drive motor improves the stability of the equipment. This invention is suitable for operation in various terrain scenarios.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-mode switching tobacco rolling fertilizer application device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the diversion adjustment module structure of a multi-mode switching tobacco rolling fertilizer application device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the diversion adjustment module of a multi-mode switching tobacco rolling fertilizer application device according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side view schematic diagram of a multi-mode switching tobacco rolling fertilizer application device according to the present invention; Figure Labels 1. Control touch screen; 2. LiDAR; 3. Camera; 4. Granular fertilizer bin; 5. Powder fertilizer bin; 6. Liquid fertilizer bin; 7. Screw conveyor one; 8. Screw conveyor two; 9. Electromagnetic flow valve; 10. Conveying pipe; 11. Three-way mixing chamber; 12. Diversion adjustment module; 13. Diverter; 14. Left diversion pipe; 15. Right diversion pipe; 16. Left fertilization pipe; 17. Right fertilization pipe; 18. Telescopic push rod; 19. Distance sensor; 20. Drive wheel; 21. Equipment frame; 22. Anti-slip tires; 23. Axle; 24. Motor; 25. Single-row fertilization pipe; 26. Driven wheel; 121. Diversion adjustment disc; 122. Left fertilization hole; 123. Right fertilization hole; 124. Rotating shaft; 125. Drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0021] Example like Figures 1-3 As shown, this invention provides a multi-mode switching tobacco rolling fertilizer applicator, including a frame 21 as the mounting base for the entire device. Each functional module is fixed to the frame by bolts or welding. From top to bottom, the device integrates an automatic driving module, a hopper module, a three-way mixing chamber 11, a diversion adjustment module 12, a diverter 13, and a fertilizer pipe assembly. Wheel modules are located on both sides of the bottom, and a telescopic push rod 18 and a distance sensor 19 are located in the center. The modules work collaboratively through mechanical connections or electrical signals.

[0022] The autonomous driving module includes a control touchscreen display 1, a camera 3, and a lidar 2, all three fixed to the top of the equipment frame 21 via a bracket. It enables switching between autonomous and manual modes, while simultaneously monitoring the field environment and adjusting fertilization parameters in real time. The autonomous driving mode involves lidar 2 scanning the terrain and obstacles ahead with a laser beam to generate a 3D environmental map; camera 3 capturing images of tobacco plants and identifying row spacing, plant height, and growth status. Data from both is transmitted to the control system built into the control touchscreen display 1. This system, combined with pre-planned fertilization paths, allows for manual planning via the display. It calculates the speed and steering angle of the drive wheels and sends control signals to the motor 24 of the wheel module, enabling automatic obstacle avoidance and row-based fertilization.

[0023] Manual mode: Operators can switch to manual mode by controlling the touch screen 1 and directly control the steering and speed of the drive wheel through the screen buttons or external handles, which is suitable for precise operation in complex terrain.

[0024] Data feedback: The control system receives signals from the distance sensor 19 and each flow regulation component in real time, and displays parameters such as the current fertilizer application rate, driving speed, and remaining fertilizer amount on the display screen 1, which is convenient for operators to monitor.

[0025] The silo module includes a granular fertilizer silo 4, a powder fertilizer silo 5, and a liquid fertilizer silo 6, along with matching screw conveyors 7 and 8, and an electromagnetic flow valve 9, all of which are fixed side-by-side on the crossbeam of the equipment frame 21. It can store granular fertilizer, powder fertilizer, and liquid fertilizer, and precisely convey them to the three-way mixing chamber 11 as needed.

[0026] Specifically, the granular fertilizer conveying process involves a screw conveyor 7 at the bottom of the granular fertilizer bin 4. The screw blades are driven by a motor to rotate, and the friction between the blades and the granular fertilizer pushes the fertilizer along the pipeline to the conveying pipeline 10. The control system adjusts the speed of the screw conveyor motor according to the set dosage, precisely controlling the unit time conveying rate of the granular fertilizer within the range of 5-50 kg / h.

[0027] Specifically, the powder fertilizer conveying mechanism is as follows: The screw conveyor 28 at the bottom of the powder fertilizer bin 5 has a similar structure to the screw conveyor 17, but the blade spacing is smaller to adapt to the poor flowability of powder. The quantitative conveying range of powder fertilizer is achieved by adjusting the rotation speed: 2-50 kg / h.

[0028] Specifically, liquid fertilizer is transported as follows: the liquid fertilizer tank 6 is connected to the electromagnetic flow valve 9 through a pipeline. The valve opening is adjusted from 0 to 100% by the control system through an electrical signal. Combined with the feedback from the pressure sensor in the pipeline, the liquid fertilizer flow rate is precisely controlled within the range of 1-50L / h.

[0029] The delivery ratio of the three fertilizers can be preset via the touch screen 1 to meet the ratio requirements of different growth stages of tobacco. For example, when applying base fertilizer, it is tobacco-specific granular fertilizer + potassium sulfate powder fertilizer; when applying topdressing, nitrogen and potassium granular fertilizer + liquid trace element fertilizer is needed during the root extension period or early vigorous growth period, or nitrogen and potassium fertilizer can be dissolved in water to become liquid fertilizer + liquid trace element fertilizer.

[0030] The three-way mixing chamber 11 adopts a cylindrical cavity structure. The top is connected to the granular fertilizer chamber, powder fertilizer chamber, and liquid fertilizer chamber via three conveying pipes 10, respectively, while the bottom is connected to the distributor 13. This chamber initially mixes the three types of fertilizer, achieving synergistic application of "granules + powder + liquid," solving the problem of traditional devices being unable to mix fertilizers. The three fertilizers enter the three-way mixing chamber 11 under certain pressure through the conveying pipes 10. Granular fertilizer and powder fertilizer are propelled by a screw conveyor, while liquid fertilizer is pressurized by a pump. The chamber is equipped with guide plates to create turbulence during the flow, achieving uniform mixing through collision and entrainment. The mixed fertilizer can be directly applied to the soil, avoiding the unevenness caused by manual mixing. This is particularly suitable for tobacco applications combining "base fertilizer + top dressing," such as simultaneous application of granular fertilizer as base fertilizer and liquid fertilizer as top dressing.

[0031] The diversion adjustment module 12 includes a diversion adjustment disc 121, a left fertilizer hole 122, a right fertilizer hole 123, a rotating shaft 124 and a drive motor 125, and is installed on the top of the diverter 13; The bottom of the diverter 13 is connected to the left diverter pipe 14, the right diverter pipe 15, and the single-row fertilizer pipe 25, which lead to the left fertilizer pipe 16 and the right fertilizer pipe 17, respectively.

[0032] It enables switching between single-row and double-row fertilization modes to adapt to different tobacco planting densities, such as 30cm plant spacing in single rows and 50cm row spacing in double rows.

[0033] Dual-row fertilization mode: The drive motor 125 drives the diversion adjustment plate 121 to rotate through the rotating shaft 124, so that the left fertilization hole 122 and the right fertilization hole 123 are aligned with the two feed ports of the diverter 13. The mixed fertilizer simultaneously enters the left fertilization pipe 16 and the right fertilization pipe 17 through the left diversion pipe 14 and the right diversion pipe 15, realizing dual-row synchronous fertilization and improving efficiency by more than 50%.

[0034] Single-row fertilization mode: The drive motor 125 drives the diversion adjustment plate 121 to rotate until the left fertilization hole 122 or the right fertilization hole 123 is aligned with one of the feed ports of the diverter 13, and is only connected to the single-row fertilization pipe 25. The middle can be selected through the display screen to achieve single-row precise fertilization.

[0035] The wheel module includes a drive wheel 20, an axle 23, a motor 24, a driven wheel 26, and anti-slip tires 22, symmetrically mounted on both sides of the front bottom of the equipment frame 21. The driven wheels 26 are located at both ends of the rear bottom of the equipment frame 21. It primarily provides the power for movement, adapting to various terrains such as plains, hills, and slopes, solving the problem of traditional machinery navigating complex tobacco-growing areas. Each drive wheel 20 is driven by an independent motor 24 via the axle 23, thereby driving the driven wheel 26 to rotate. The motor power can be dynamically adjusted according to the terrain: 500W on flat ground and 1000W on slopes. This allows for differential steering, with the inner drive wheel decelerating and the outer wheel accelerating during turns. The minimum turning radius is ≤1.5m, suitable for fragmented fields. The four-wheel structure of the drive wheel 20 and driven wheel 26 enhances overall stability (e.g., ...). Figure 4 (As shown).

[0036] Anti-skid tires 22 are installed on the outer surface of the drive wheel. They are made of high-elasticity rubber and have a diamond pattern on the surface. The ground pressure is ≤0.05MPa. They can effectively prevent slippage on slopes with a gradient of ≤25°. Traditional tires are prone to slippage on slopes above 15°.

[0037] The control system detects the slope using lidar 2 and automatically adjusts the output power of the motors on both sides of the drive wheel. When going uphill, the power of the rear drive wheel increases, and when going downhill, the front drive wheel brakes to ensure stable operation of the device.

[0038] The telescopic push rod 18 is an electro-hydraulic push rod, which is vertically installed at the center of the bottom of the equipment frame 21; the distance sensor 19 is an infrared sensor, which is symmetrically installed on both sides of the telescopic push rod, with a quantity of ≥2.

[0039] The height of the fertilizer pipe is dynamically adjusted, and the distance between the pipe and the tobacco plant or the ground is monitored in real time to ensure accurate fertilization depth. The optimal fertilization depth for tobacco is 5-10cm.

[0040] Distance detection: The distance sensor 19 detects the distance between the device and the ground or the roots of the tobacco in real time, and transmits the data to the control system.

[0041] Height adjustment: When terrain undulations such as slope height difference or tobacco plant height change are detected, the control system drives the telescopic push rod 18 to extend and retract, which drives the fertilizer pipe assembly to rise and fall. The adjustment range is 30-80cm to ensure that the fertilizer pipe is stably inserted into the soil within the preset range, avoiding excessive depth resulting in low fertilizer utilization or excessive shallow depth leading to easy volatilization.

[0042] Dynamic fertilization linkage: The distance sensor data is linked with the flow regulation of the silo module. When the control system detects that the plant spacing is small in densely growing tobacco areas, it automatically reduces the fertilizer delivery by 20-30%; while it increases the amount in sparsely growing areas, thus achieving "fertilization on demand".

[0043] The specific working process of the device in this invention is as follows: Preliminary preparations Fill the granular fertilizer bin 4, powder fertilizer bin 5, and liquid fertilizer bin 6 with the corresponding fertilizers, and calibrate the initial parameters of each conveying component (such as the screw conveyor speed-flow curve and the electromagnetic flow valve opening-flow curve) by controlling the touch screen 1.

[0044] Set the fertilization mode: Select the fertilizer type (single or mixed), ratio (e.g., granular fertilizer: powder fertilizer: liquid fertilizer = 5:2:1), fertilization mode (single row / double row), fertilization depth (e.g., 8cm), and driving path (plan the path in automatic driving mode, and set the initial speed in manual mode).

[0045] Start running Switching to automatic or manual mode, the device is driven forward by the wheel module, and the lidar 2 and camera 3 scan the environment in real time to avoid obstacles such as stones and weeds in the field.

[0046] The silo module starts conveying according to the set parameters: granular fertilizer enters the three-way mixing chamber 11 through screw conveyor 7, powdered fertilizer through screw conveyor 8, and liquid fertilizer through electromagnetic flow valve 9. After being mixed in the chamber, it flows into the distributor 13.

[0047] Diversion and Fertilization The diversion adjustment module 12 adjusts the position of the diversion adjustment plate 121 according to the set mode (single / double row). The mixed fertilizer enters the left / right fertilizer pipe 16 / 17 through the left / right diversion pipe and is finally applied to the soil.

[0048] Distance sensor 19 detects the distance in real time, and the control system adjusts the height of the fertilizer pipe through telescopic push rod 18, while dynamically adjusting the material conveying volume of the hopper to ensure fertilizer application accuracy.

[0049] Operation monitoring The control touch screen 1 displays data such as the current fertilizer application rate, driving speed, and remaining fertilizer in real time. When fertilizer is insufficient or a malfunction occurs, such as pipe blockage, it will automatically alarm and stop the machine.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-mode switching tobacco rolling fertilizer applicator, characterized in that, The device includes a frame, an automatic driving module at the top of the frame, a hopper module below the automatic driving module and fixed by a crossbeam, the hopper module being connected to a three-way mixing chamber via a conveying pipe, a flow divider at the bottom of the three-way mixing chamber and a flow divider adjustment module between the three-way mixing chamber and the flow divider, a flow divider pipe and a fertilizer pipe at the bottom of the flow divider, wheel modules on both sides of the bottom of the frame, and a telescopic push rod fitted at the center of the bottom of the frame, with several distance sensors on both sides of the telescopic push rod.

2. The multi-mode switching tobacco rolling fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The autonomous driving module includes a control touch screen, and a camera and a lidar are respectively installed at the bottom of the control touch screen.

3. The multi-mode switching tobacco rolling fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silo module includes a powder fertilizer silo, and granular fertilizer silos and liquid fertilizer silos are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the powder fertilizer silo. The granular fertilizer silos, the powder fertilizer silos and the liquid fertilizer silos are respectively connected to a screw conveyor one, a screw conveyor two and an electromagnetic flow valve. The screw conveyor one, the screw conveyor two and the electromagnetic flow valve are all equipped with conveying pipes and are connected to the three-way mixing chamber through the conveying pipes.

4. The multi-mode switching tobacco rolling fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion adjustment module includes a diversion adjustment plate disposed above the diversion device. The diversion adjustment plate is connected to a drive motor disposed inside the diversion device via a rotating shaft, and the diversion adjustment plate is respectively provided with a single row of fertilizer holes and a double row of fertilizer holes.

5. A multi-mode switching tobacco rolling fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion pipe and the fertilizer application pipe each include a left diversion pipe, a right diversion pipe, a left-side fertilizer application pipe, and a right-side fertilizer application pipe, and the left diversion pipe is connected to the left-side fertilizer application pipe, and the right diversion pipe is connected to the right-side fertilizer application pipe.

6. A multi-mode switching tobacco rolling fertilizer applicator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wheel module includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel. The driving wheel is connected to a motor via an axle, and the driven wheel is connected to the equipment frame via an axle. Both the driving wheel and the driven wheel are equipped with anti-slip tires on their outer surfaces.

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