Water mist fire extinguishing system suitable for public transport passenger cabin

Abstract

The invention relates to an efficient environment-friendly water mist fire extinguishing system suitable for a public transport passenger cabin. The system comprises a water mist spraying device, a fire extinguishing agent storage tank, a sensor module and a fire extinguishing main control unit. The spraying device adopts open nozzles, a single-row layout is adopted, and the adjustable range of the flow of the nozzles is 12 L / min to 60 L / min; the fire extinguishing agent is a water-based fire extinguishing agent based on a short fluorocarbon chain C4, and has the characteristics of rapid cooling, environmental protection, degradation and the like; the sensor module comprises a CO sensor, a photoelectric smoke sensor and a temperature sensor, and can quickly respond at the initial stage of a fire to trigger a fire extinguishing system. Rapid coverage and efficient cooling of a fire source are achieved through water mist spraying, the fire extinguishing time can be controlled within 12.3 seconds, the total water consumption does not exceed 9.2 L, and the fire extinguishing device is suitable for public transport means with limited space such as buses and rail trains. The linkage mechanism of the sensor module and the main control unit can adjust the water spraying flow and range in real time, and the fire extinguishing efficiency and the resource saving performance are guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fire extinguishing technology, and particularly relates to a public transportation passenger cabin water mist fire extinguishing system based on short fluorocarbon chain C4 extinguishing agent. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the widespread use of urban public transportation tools, the fire safety problem of public transportation passenger cabins has attracted increasing attention. The existing fire extinguishing system often has difficulty in quickly and efficiently extinguishing fires in the face of high-density, space-limited and high-speed moving environments such as public transportation passenger cabins, and may cause secondary hazards. The current market mainstream C8 extinguishing agent is gradually banned due to its long degradation period and pollution, and the short fluorocarbon chain C4 extinguishing agent becomes an ideal alternative solution due to its excellent fire extinguishing performance and environmental protection characteristics. However, there are still deficiencies in the design of the water mist fire extinguishing system for public transportation passenger cabins, which need to be further optimized. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a high-efficiency and environmentally friendly water mist fire extinguishing system suitable for public transportation passenger cabins, to solve the problems of low extinguishing efficiency, large water consumption and large environmental impact in the prior art.

[0004] The present application is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0005] 1. System composition

[0006] Spraying device: including one or two rows of staggered open water mist nozzles, the nozzle spacing is about 1.6 meters, and a nozzle with a flow coefficient of 6.15 is used, and the flow rate of each nozzle is 30 L / min.

[0007] Sensor system: including CO sensor, photoelectric smoke sensor and temperature sensor. The response time of the CO sensor to fire is 1.8 seconds, which serves as the starting controller of the fire extinguishing system.

[0008] Extinguishing agent: using a water-based extinguishing agent containing short fluorocarbon chain C4, which has high-efficiency degradation characteristics, is environmentally friendly and has superior performance.

[0009] Control module: the vehicle-mounted fire extinguishing host controls the nozzle start through the sensor signal and adjusts the water flow in real time.

[0010] 2. Working principle

[0011] When a fire occurs, the sensor system detects the fire source position and combustion characteristics, and the control module starts the water mist spraying device to accurately extinguish the fire at a flow rate of 30 L / min. The C4 component in the extinguishing agent can quickly reduce the flame temperature, suppress combustion and reduce smoke and toxic gas emissions.

[0012] 3. Key optimization

[0013] Nozzle layout optimization: double-row staggered layout improves coverage, single-row layout is suitable for scenarios where water tank capacity is limited.

[0014] Advantages in closed environment: fire extinguishing speed is doubled under the condition of closed windows.

[0015] Fire extinguishing time: the system can extinguish a 10L gasoline fire in 12.3 seconds.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0017] The present application develops a public cabin fine water mist fire extinguishing system, which shortens the fire extinguishing time to 25% of the traditional system compared with the traditional fire extinguishing system. At the same time, the optimized layout of the system reduces the consumption of water and extinguishing agent, and is suitable for the space and weight limitation of public transportation. The short fluorocarbon chain C4 extinguishing agent used in the present application has a degradation period of only 18 days, avoiding persistent pollution. The system can be adapted to different types of public transportation tools, including buses and rail trains. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The simulation model of the bus fire extinguishing system;

[0019] Figure 2 The layout of the single-column water spraying device;

[0020] Figure 3 The fire extinguishing process of the water spraying system in the public cabin;

[0021] Figure 4 The fire extinguishing process of the water spraying system after the windows are closed; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the examples. The following examples are only used to help understand the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary people in the technical field, some modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

[0023] Example 1:

[0024] The present application first optimizes the design and layout of the nozzle. The nozzle adopts an open fine water mist nozzle, and the flow rate of each nozzle is set to 30L / min, the flow coefficient is 6.15, and the nozzle coverage diameter is 3 meters. The optimized nozzle layout adopts a single-row layout, and the nozzles are arranged along the center axis of the cabin roof with a spacing of 1.6 meters.

[0025] Example 2:

[0026] The embodiment of the application optimizes the sensor type and arrangement and the sensor linkage mechanism. The CO sensor is arranged at the top of the passenger cabin, 2.1 meters away from the ground. A sensor is arranged every 3 meters to detect the CO concentration. The photoelectric smoke sensor is arranged at the same height as the CO sensor, and a sensor is arranged every 3 meters to capture the smoke generated by the fire. The temperature sensor is arranged in the middle area of the passenger cabin, 1.3 meters away from the ground, and a high-temperature point is arranged every 2.5 meters to monitor the temperature change in real time. The response time of the CO sensor to the initial stage of the fire is 1.8 seconds, and when the detected CO concentration exceeds 1.0*10 ⁻4 mol / mol, the control module triggers the water spraying device. The temperature and photoelectric smoke sensors provide auxiliary information, and when the temperature exceeds 60 ℃ or the smoke concentration is abnormal, the fire extinguishing system can also be triggered.

[0027] Embodiment 3:

[0028] The embodiment of the application develops a fire extinguishing system control logic. When the system is in automatic monitoring mode, the fire extinguishing device is started as soon as any sensor signal reaches the trigger condition. The control module supports a manual start mode, which is manually triggered by the driver or safety personnel in an emergency. When the system is started, the spray head sprays fine water mist at the maximum flow rate (30 L / min) in the initial stage to quickly cover the fire source area. The short fluorocarbon chain C4 chemical component in the fire extinguishing agent quickly reduces the flame temperature by inhibiting the combustion chain reaction and cooling the surface of the fire source. At the same time, the fine water mist significantly reduces the cabin environment temperature by evaporative heat absorption and suppresses the diffusion of smoke and toxic gases. After the fire is extinguished, the system automatically detects the environmental recovery. When the sensor detects that the CO concentration and temperature return to below the safe value, the system automatically closes the spraying device. The control module prompts the driver to check the system status, and at the same time, the fire extinguishing agent stock is automatically recorded.

[0029] Through the above specific embodiments, the application realizes rapid, efficient and safe fire fighting in the passenger cabin of public transportation, provides reliable protection means for passengers and equipment, and at the same time meets the environmental protection requirements and reduces the long-term impact on the environment.

Claims

1. A fine water mist fire extinguishing system suitable for public transportation cabins, comprising a spraying device, a sensor system, a control module, and a fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that: The spraying device uses open fine water mist nozzles with a flow rate of 30L / min, with a nozzle spacing of 1.6 meters and arranged in two staggered rows; The sensor system includes a CO sensor, a photoelectric smoke sensor, and a temperature sensor. The CO sensor has a response time of less than 2 seconds and is used to activate the fire suppression system. The extinguishing agent is a water-based extinguishing agent containing short-chain fluorine C4 components, which has the functions of rapid cooling and inhibiting combustion; The control module adjusts the water spray flow in real time through sensor signals and is linked with the vehicle-mounted fire extinguishing host.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray nozzles of the spraying device can be arranged in a single row, with each nozzle having a flow rate of up to 60L / min, making it suitable for scenarios where water resources are limited.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, With the windows closed, the system's fire suppression efficiency is improved, and the fire suppression time is reduced to less than 19.8 seconds.

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