Vertical biomass fuel particle forming machine

Abstract

The vertical biomass fuel particle forming machine comprises a die holder, a forming assembly and a main shaft assembly, the forming assembly is arranged in the die holder and comprises a main disc and a pressing roller assembly, the pressing roller assembly comprises a pressing roller shaft, a roller wheel and a pressing cover plate, an oil inlet cavity and an oil return cavity are formed in the pressing roller shaft, and the main shaft assembly is arranged on the main disc. The main shaft assembly comprises a main shaft, a branch connector and a rotating connector, the branch connector and the rotating connector are arranged at the two ends of the main shaft, a first oil inlet and a first oil return opening are formed in the rotating connector, a second oil inlet and a second oil return opening are formed in the branch connector, and an oil inlet path and an oil return path are arranged in the main shaft. Therefore, the rotating joint of the lubricating system is arranged below the main shaft, and then the lubricating oil pipeline is arranged in the forming area in a penetrating manner by utilizing the hollow main shaft structure, so that the rotating joint and the pipeline are prevented from spanning in the forming bin, the invasion influence of powder on the rotating joint can be effectively avoided, and the service life of the rotating joint is prolonged; and the lubricating oil pipeline can be prevented from penetrating through the cover body of the forming bin, so that the overhaul and maintenance efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pellet manufacturing technology, and in particular to a vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine. Background Technology

[0002] A biomass pellet machine is a device that uses agricultural and forestry waste such as wood chips, straw, rice husks, and bark as raw materials. Through pretreatment and processing, it solidifies these materials into high-density pellet fuel, making it an ideal alternative to kerosene. It saves energy and reduces emissions, resulting in significant economic and social benefits.

[0003] Biomass pellet fuel forming machines operate using a die extrusion method. The main shaft drives the pressure rollers, which compress the material through the die to form pellets. The equipment is typically driven by a motor with speed regulation via a reducer. During this process, the pelleting of biomass pellets relies entirely on the extrusion force between the pressure rollers and the ring die. Therefore, the working environment for both the ring die and the pressure rollers is relatively harsh. To reduce wear on the pressure rollers, lubrication is performed manually or automatically. However, manual lubrication requires stopping the machine, which not only affects production progress but also makes operation inconvenient due to limited space, potentially affecting lubrication effectiveness. Traditional automatic lubrication systems, such as the one described in patent CN110280188B (an automatic oil injection device for biomass pellet mill rollers), require a separate lubrication pipeline within the forming chamber, connected to a rotary joint. The rotary joint distributes lubricating oil to each roller. However, this results in the lubrication pipeline and rotary joint extending across the upper part of the forming chamber, affecting biomass powder feeding. Furthermore, the rotary joint and related components are constantly exposed to biomass powder, making them susceptible to powder intrusion and significantly reducing their service life. Additionally, to ensure the forming chamber's airtightness, the lubrication pipeline passes through the chamber's cover, which impacts the efficiency of inspection and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine.

[0005] A vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: Mold base, the mold base including a molding cavity; A molding assembly is disposed in the molding cavity. The molding assembly includes a main disc and a pressure roller assembly. The pressure roller assembly includes a pressure roller shaft, a roller, and a pressure cover plate. The roller is sleeved on the pressure roller shaft. One end of the pressure roller shaft is connected to the main disc, and the other end is connected to the pressure cover plate. The pressure roller shaft is provided with an oil inlet chamber and an oil return chamber. A spindle assembly includes a spindle, a branch connector, and a rotary joint. The spindle is connected to the main disk. The branch connector is connected to the upper end of the spindle, and the rotary joint is connected to the lower end of the spindle. The rotary joint has a first oil inlet and a first oil return port. The branch connector has a second oil inlet and a second oil return port. The spindle has an oil inlet path and an oil return path. The two ends of the oil inlet path are respectively connected to the first oil inlet and the second oil inlet, and the second oil inlet is connected to the oil inlet chamber. The two ends of the oil return path are respectively connected to the first oil return port and the second oil return port, and the oil return chamber is connected to the second oil return port.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the return oil path is a return oil chamber, and the inlet oil path is an inlet oil chamber.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the spindle is provided with a cavity, the oil return path is an oil return pipe, the oil inlet path is an oil inlet pipe, and the oil inlet pipe and the oil return pipe are provided in the cavity.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine further includes: a temperature measuring component, the temperature measuring component including a temperature probe, a temperature detector and a wire, the temperature probe being electrically connected to the temperature detector through the wire, the temperature sensor being connected to the main shaft near the rotary joint, the wire passing through the cavity, the pressure plate having a probe groove, and the temperature probe being embedded in the probe groove.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the probe slot is inclined.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mold base further includes a gear cavity and a dust discharge cavity. The gear cavity is located below the forming cavity, and a first dust discharge hole is provided between the forming cavity and the gear cavity. The dust discharge cavity is located below the gear cavity, and a dust discharge port is provided on the side wall of the dust discharge cavity. A driving gear and a driven gear are provided inside the gear cavity. The driving gear is connected to the output shaft of the power motor, and the driven gear is sleeved on the main shaft. The driven gear is meshed with the driving gear, and a second dust discharge hole is provided on the driven gear.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ash discharge chamber is provided with an ash guide hopper, the upper end of the outer side of the ash guide hopper is located near the outer surface of the main shaft, and the lower end extends to the ash discharge port. The temperature sensor is located in the inner space of the ash guide hopper.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine further includes: a first sealing ring, the first sealing ring being disposed below the main disc, the first sealing ring including a first ring body and a first convex ring, the first convex ring being in close contact with the bottom surface of the main disc.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine further includes: a second sealing ring, the second sealing ring being sleeved on the main shaft below the main disc, the second sealing ring including a second ring body and a second convex ring, the second ring body being sealed on the bearing hole of the main shaft, the second convex ring being disposed on the second ring body, and the second convex ring being in close contact with the bottom surface of the main disc.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first sealing ring is an FB fluororubber sealing ring, and the second sealing ring is an FB fluororubber sealing ring.

[0015] Beneficial effects

[0016] This invention places the rotary joint of the lubrication system below the main shaft, and then uses the hollow main shaft structure to pass the oil lubrication pipe into the forming area, thereby avoiding the rotary joint and pipe running horizontally in the forming chamber. This not only effectively avoids the intrusion of powder on the rotary joint and improves the service life of the rotary joint, but also avoids the oil lubrication pipe passing through the cover of the forming chamber, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of inspection and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a vertical ring die pellet forming machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure roller assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature measuring component structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an ash removal system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure label: 1. Mold base; 11. Forming cavity; 12. Gear cavity; 13. Ash discharge cavity; 131. Ash guide hopper; 14. First ash drop hole; 2. Main disc; 3. Pressure roller assembly; 31. Pressure roller shaft; 311. Oil inlet cavity; 312. Oil return cavity; 32. Roller; 33. Pressure cover plate; 331. Probe groove; 4. Main shaft; 41. Oil inlet path; 42. Oil return path; 43. Pipe cavity; 5. Rotary joint; 51. First oil inlet; 52. First oil return port; 6. Branch joint; 61. Second oil inlet; 62. Second oil return port; 7. Temperature measuring component; 71. Temperature probe; 72. Temperature sensor; 73. Wire; 81. Driving gear; 82. Driven gear; 821. Second ash drop hole; 91. First sealing ring; 92. Second sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments disclosed in this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The descriptions of the embodiments are merely illustrative and exemplary, and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Furthermore, techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification.

[0020] Combination Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention generally includes: a mold base 1, a forming component and a main shaft assembly. The mold base 1 is provided with a forming cavity 11, and the forming component is disposed in the forming cavity 11. The forming component includes a main disc 2 and a pressure roller assembly 3. The pressure roller assembly 3 includes a pressure roller shaft 31, a roller 32 and a pressure cover plate 33. The roller 32 is sleeved on the pressure roller shaft 31. One end of the pressure roller shaft 31 is connected to the main disc 2 and the other end is connected to the pressure cover plate 33. The pressure roller shaft 31 is provided with an oil inlet cavity 311 and an oil return cavity 312, thereby playing the role of limiting and fixing the pressure roller.

[0021] The spindle assembly includes a spindle 4 and branch connectors 6 and rotary connectors 5 located at both ends of the spindle 4. During assembly, the upper end of the spindle 4 is connected to the main disk 2, and the branch connectors 6 are connected to the upper end of the spindle 4. At the same time, the lower end of the spindle 4 is limited and fitted in the mold base 1, and the rotary connectors 5 are connected to the lower end of the spindle 4.

[0022] In addition, the rotary joint 5 is provided with a first oil inlet 51 and a first oil return port 52, the branch joint 6 is provided with a second oil inlet 61 and a second oil return port 62, the main shaft 4 is provided with an oil inlet path 41 and an oil return path 42, the two ends of the oil inlet path 41 are respectively connected to the first oil inlet 51 and the second oil inlet 61, the second oil inlet 61 is connected to the oil inlet chamber 311, the two ends of the oil return path 42 are respectively connected to the first oil return port 52 and the second oil return port 62, and the oil return chamber 312 is connected to the second oil return port 62.

[0023] In use, the main shaft 4 is driven to rotate by the power unit, which in turn drives the main disk 2 to rotate synchronously. Since the pressure roller assembly 3 is connected to the main disk 2, the pressure roller assembly 3 and the main shaft assembly can remain relatively stationary. At the same time, the rotary joint 5 can be an inner tube rotary joint, which allows the outer tube to be statically sealed to the oil pump pipeline, while the inner tube rotates synchronously with the main shaft 4. This pumps the lubricating fluid into the oil inlet path 41 inside the main shaft 4 through the first oil inlet 51. The lubricating fluid then moves upward along the oil inlet path 41 and enters the oil inlet chamber 311 of the pressure roller shaft 31 through the second oil inlet 61. A bearing cavity is provided between the pressure roller shaft 31 and the roller 32. After the lubricating fluid lubricates the bearing and its supporting structure in the bearing cavity, the lubricating waste fluid can leave the pressure roller shaft 31 from the oil return cavity 312 and enter the oil return path 42 through the second oil return port 62. Finally, it leaves from the first oil return port 52 and enters the lubricating oil tank, thus forming a lubrication loop circulation.

[0024] It should be noted that, as Figure 4 As shown, the structure of the oil inlet passage 41 or the oil return passage 42 within the main shaft 4 can be formed by opening an oil cavity within the main shaft 4 body, i.e., forming an oil inlet cavity 311 and an oil return cavity 312. Alternatively, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, after opening a cavity inside the spindle 4, an independent oil pipe structure is additionally set inside the cavity, so as to form an oil inlet path 41 through the oil inlet pipe and an oil return path 42 through the oil return pipe.

[0025] Therefore, this application places the rotary joint 5 of the lubrication system below the main shaft 4, and then uses the hollow main shaft 4 structure to pass the oil lubrication pipe into the molding area, thereby avoiding the rotary joint 5 and the pipe from running horizontally in the molding chamber. This not only effectively avoids the intrusion of powder on the rotary joint 5 and improves the service life of the rotary joint 5, but also avoids the oil lubrication pipe from passing through the cover of the molding chamber, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of inspection and maintenance.

[0026] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown, the vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine also includes a temperature measuring component 7, which includes a temperature probe 71, a temperature detector, and a wire 73. The temperature probe 71 is electrically connected to the temperature detector through the wire 73. During assembly, the temperature sensor 72 can be clamped to the lower end of the main shaft 4, and the wire 73 can be passed through the tube 43. The branch connector 6 is provided with a wire hole, and the pressure plate 33 is provided with a probe groove 331. The temperature probe 71 is embedded in the probe groove 331 to monitor the temperature of the pressure roller. In this way, the temperature detector body is placed outside the forming chamber, which can avoid the high temperature and high humidity environment of the forming area and extend its service life.

[0027] In actual operation, in order to facilitate data transmission, a wireless transmitter can be installed on the main shaft 4, and the temperature sensor 72 can be electrically connected to the wireless transmitter. The data can be wirelessly transmitted to the wireless receiver on the operation console using the wireless transmitter, which is beneficial for real-time monitoring of the temperature of the pressure roller.

[0028] Preferably, based on the above embodiment, the probe slot 331 is inclined, so that the temperature probe 71 is inclined in the probe slot 331, which can reduce the error of heat conduction and improve the measurement accuracy.

[0029] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 6 As shown, the mold base 1 also includes a gear cavity 12 and a dust discharge cavity 13. The gear cavity 12 is located below the forming cavity 11. A first dust discharge hole 14 is provided between the forming cavity 11 and the gear cavity 12. The gear cavity 12 is provided with a driving gear 81 and a driven gear 82. The driving gear 81 is connected to the output shaft of the power motor. The driven gear 82 is sleeved on the main shaft 4 and meshes with the driving gear 81. A second dust discharge hole 821 is provided on the driven gear 82. The dust discharge cavity 13 is located below the gear cavity 12 and a dust discharge port is provided on the side wall of the dust discharge cavity 13.

[0030] In use, the first ash-collecting hole 14 is located below the main disk 2 and on the path of the biomass powder. This allows the biomass powder that has entered the area below the main disk 2 to leave the molding cavity 11 directly through the first ash-collecting hole 14, preventing the powder from accumulating below the main disk 2 and from entering the rotating structure of the main shaft 4. When the biomass powder leaves the molding cavity 11 and enters the gear cavity 12, the driven gear 82 is located below the first ash-collecting hole 14, and the driven gear 82 is provided with a second ash-collecting hole 821. This allows the biomass powder to pass directly through the second ash-collecting hole 821, leave the gear cavity 12, and enter the ash discharge cavity 13, thus achieving the final guided discharge of the powder.

[0031] Compared to traditional ash removal schemes, this application constructs a larger ash removal cavity 13 below the gear cavity 12. This facilitates the guidance of powder that has intruded below the main disk 2 into the larger ash removal cavity 13, thereby reducing the adverse effects of powder aggregation. On one hand, this avoids the limitations imposed by the main disk 2 structure on the structure of the ash removal cavity 13 and the size of the ash removal opening, allowing the ash removal cavity 13 to accommodate a larger amount of powder and preventing excessive powder accumulation that could clog the ash removal cavity 13 and the ash removal opening, thus preventing powder from intruding into the main shaft 4 bearing. Simultaneously, it also helps reduce the frequency of cleaning and the workload of operators.

[0032] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the ash discharge chamber 13 is equipped with an ash guide hopper 131. The upper end of the outer side of the ash guide hopper 131 is located near the outer surface of the main shaft 4, and the lower end extends to the ash discharge port, forming a platform structure. This allows the ash guide hopper 131 to be inclined so that the powder can be directly guided to the ash discharge port at the lower end for discharge, preventing continuous accumulation of powder in the ash discharge chamber 13 and reducing the frequency of cleaning. Simultaneously, a platform space can be formed inside the ash guide hopper 131, where the temperature sensor 72 can be placed, thus preventing the temperature sensor 72 from being affected by the powder.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine also includes a first sealing ring 91, which is located below the main disc 2 and is in close contact with the bottom surface of the main disc 2. This first sealing ring 91 improves the sealing between the main disc 2 and the bottom surface of the forming cavity 11, reducing the amount of powder entering below the main disc 2. This not only helps reduce the probability of powder intruding into the bearing structure of the main shaft 4, but also improves the forming utilization rate of biomass powder.

[0034] Similarly, the vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine also includes a second sealing ring 92, which is sleeved on the main shaft 4 below the main disc 2, and the second sealing ring 92 is in close contact with the bottom surface of the main disc 2. In this way, the second sealing ring 92 can improve the sealing performance near the bearing hole of the main shaft 4, thereby reducing the probability of powder entering the bearing hole of the main shaft 4 and effectively improving the working reliability of the main shaft 4.

[0035] Preferably, the first sealing ring 91 is made of FB fluororubber, and the second sealing ring 92 is made of FB fluororubber. Since the fluororubber sealing ring can withstand high temperatures up to 300°C, it is beneficial to improve its durability under harsh working conditions. At the same time, its oil resistance is the best among oil-resistant rubbers, so it is not affected by the bearing grease or lubricating oil, which facilitates the extension of the sealing ring's service life and reduces the frequency of replacement.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0037] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0038] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine, characterized in that, include: Mold base, the mold base including a molding cavity; A molding assembly is disposed in the molding cavity. The molding assembly includes a main disc and a pressure roller assembly. The pressure roller assembly includes a pressure roller shaft, a roller, and a pressure cover plate. The roller is sleeved on the pressure roller shaft. One end of the pressure roller shaft is connected to the main disc, and the other end is connected to the pressure cover plate. The pressure roller shaft is provided with an oil inlet chamber and an oil return chamber. A spindle assembly includes a spindle, a branch connector, and a rotary joint. The spindle is connected to the main disk. The branch connector is connected to the upper end of the spindle, and the rotary joint is connected to the lower end of the spindle. The rotary joint has a first oil inlet and a first oil return port. The branch connector has a second oil inlet and a second oil return port. The spindle has an oil inlet path and an oil return path. The two ends of the oil inlet path are respectively connected to the first oil inlet and the second oil inlet, and the second oil inlet is connected to the oil inlet chamber. The two ends of the oil return path are respectively connected to the first oil return port and the second oil return port, and the oil return chamber is connected to the second oil return port.

2. The vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The return oil path is the return oil chamber, and the inlet oil path is the inlet oil chamber.

3. A vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main shaft is provided with a cavity, the oil return path is an oil return pipe, the oil inlet path is an oil inlet pipe, and the oil inlet pipe and the oil return pipe are located in the cavity.

4. A vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The temperature measuring assembly includes a temperature probe, a temperature detector, and a wire. The temperature probe is electrically connected to the temperature detector via the wire. The temperature sensor is connected to the main shaft near the rotary joint. The wire passes through the cavity. The pressure plate has a probe slot, and the temperature probe is embedded in the probe slot.

5. A vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The probe slot is set at an angle.

6. A vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The mold base also includes a gear cavity and a dust discharge cavity. The gear cavity is located below the forming cavity, and a first dust discharge hole is provided between the forming cavity and the gear cavity. The dust discharge cavity is located below the gear cavity, and a dust discharge port is provided on the side wall of the dust discharge cavity. A driving gear and a driven gear are provided inside the gear cavity. The driving gear is connected to the output shaft of the power motor, and the driven gear is sleeved on the main shaft. The driven gear is meshed with the driving gear, and a second dust discharge hole is provided on the driven gear.

7. A vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ash discharge chamber is equipped with an ash guide hopper. The upper end of the outer side of the ash guide hopper is located near the outer surface of the main shaft, and the lower end extends to the ash discharge port. The temperature sensor is located in the inner space of the ash guide hopper.

8. A vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A first sealing ring is located below the main disk and is in close contact with the bottom surface of the main disk.

9. A vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The second sealing ring is sleeved on the main shaft below the main disk and is in close contact with the bottom surface of the main disk.

10. A vertical biomass fuel pellet forming machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first sealing ring is an FB fluororubber sealing ring, and the second sealing ring is an FB fluororubber sealing ring.

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