ADI material thread cutting machining process

Abstract

The application discloses an ADI material thread cutting machining process and relates to the technical field of nut production, in particular to an ADI material thread cutting machining process. The right part of a machine body is provided with a driving barrel capable of moving synchronously with a tool rest, and the right end of the tool rest is rotationally connected in the driving barrel. The right side of the tool rest is fixedly connected with a driving shaft extending into the driving barrel. The driving barrel is provided with a first spring capable of promoting the rotation of the driving shaft. The right end of the machine body is provided with a driving motor capable of promoting the rotation of the driving barrel. Through the cooperative arrangement of the machine body, the tool rest, the driving barrel, the driving shaft, the driving block, the first driven block, the first spring, the driven limiting rod, the second driven block, the pressure sensor, the electromagnetic brake and the driving motor, the progressive transmission of the cutting force when the milling cutter cuts into the nut can be realized by the elastic deformation of the first spring, and the instantaneous peak force can be prevented from breaking through the maximum static friction force between the chuck and the nut.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nut manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to a thread cutting process for ADI materials. Background Technology

[0002] ADI, or isothermally hardened ductile iron, is a high-performance cast iron material formed by controlling the isothermal hardening heat treatment process of ductile iron with specific compositions. The isothermal hardening process endows it with a uniform and stable austenitic-bainitic multiphase structure. This microstructure is the source of its core advantages, achieving not only an excellent balance between high strength and high toughness, with superior tensile strength and impact toughness, but also, crucially, retaining good machinability suitable for conventional machining. These comprehensive characteristics make ADI an ideal material for manufacturing high-end nuts in fields such as engineering machinery and the automotive industry, meeting the high mechanical performance requirements of nuts while providing a technological foundation for subsequent machining processes.

[0003] As a key fastener in the field of mechanical connections, nuts bear the core responsibility of load transfer and ensuring structural stability in the assembly and fixing of various heavy equipment. In most application scenarios, nuts face complex working conditions such as heavy loads, high-frequency vibrations, and even corrosive media. This places stringent requirements on the comprehensive mechanical properties of materials, and ADI materials are precisely matched to these needs: their high strength can withstand deformation and fracture under heavy loads, their high toughness can alleviate stress impacts caused by vibrations, and their corrosion resistance is superior to conventional cast iron. More importantly, in the core process of nut manufacturing, thread cutting, ADI exhibits excellent process adaptability. It will not cause thread deformation due to insufficient hardness, nor will it exacerbate tool wear due to excessive hardness, providing material-level assurance for achieving thread accuracy.

[0004] Nuts are key fasteners in the field of mechanical connections. They play a core role in the assembly and fixing of various equipment such as engineering machinery, automotive industry, and heavy equipment, and play a crucial role in transmitting loads and ensuring structural stability. Because nuts need to withstand complex stresses such as heavy loads, high-frequency vibrations, and even corrosive media under many working conditions, extremely stringent requirements are placed on the comprehensive mechanical properties of materials. ADI materials can not only meet the requirements of nuts for high strength and high toughness, but more importantly, they exhibit excellent adaptability in subsequent machining processes, especially in thread cutting.

[0005] However, even though ADI materials themselves have good adaptability to thread processing, the detailed design of equipment and processes in actual processing may still affect the final accuracy. For example, a nut internal thread processing device and process with application number 202311605535.7, although effectively improving the processing efficiency of nut internal threads through structural optimization, still has potential problems in accuracy control: when the milling cutter is rigidly connected (such as directly driven by a motor shaft) and cuts into the nut instantly, the initial contact between the milling cutter and the nut is a point contact, and the contact area is extremely small, causing the cutting force to soar to 3-5 times the normal cutting state in a very short time. This instantaneous peak force is very likely to exceed the maximum static friction force between the chuck and the nut. At the same time, the dynamic cutting friction force generated by the rotation of the milling cutter and the contact with the nut will be converted into a lateral force acting on the nut. If the clamping rigidity of the nut tooling positioning is insufficient, or there is a slight deviation between the positioning reference and the cutting center, the lateral force and the instantaneous impact will be superimposed, which will break the force balance of the workpiece, causing the nut to twist or radially displace, thereby affecting the subsequent thread processing accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a thread cutting process for ADI materials, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a thread cutting process for ADI materials, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. Precisely fix the nut to be processed to the designated position on the machine body using the chuck body to ensure that the axis of the nut is aligned with the processing datum and to ensure coaxiality in subsequent processing.

[0010] S2. Clamp and secure the thread milling cutter to the machining body using a special tool holder to complete the tool setting and calibration, ensuring that the milling cutter cutting path matches the nut machining trajectory;

[0011] S3. Start the machine drive system and control the milling cutter to feed smoothly towards the nut along the preset trajectory, and perform thread cutting on the inner circumferential surface of the nut using ADI material until a thread structure that meets the accuracy requirements is formed.

[0012] The right side of the machine body is provided with a drive barrel that can move synchronously with the tool holder, and the right end of the tool holder is rotatably connected to the drive barrel. A drive shaft with one end extending into the drive barrel is fixedly connected to the right side of the tool holder. A first spring that can cause the drive shaft to rotate is provided inside the drive barrel. A drive motor that can cause the drive barrel to rotate is provided at the right end of the machine body.

[0013] Preferably, a lead screw slide is provided on the right end of the upper surface of the machine body, and an installation plate is fixedly connected to the slide. An installation bucket is fixedly connected to the left end of the upper surface of the installation plate, and a drive motor is fixedly installed on the right end of the upper surface of the installation plate. The end of the drive bucket away from the tool holder is rotatably connected inside the installation bucket.

[0014] Preferably, a driven shaft is rotatably connected to the right side of the mounting barrel, with one end extending into the mounting barrel. One end of the driven shaft is fixedly connected to the drive barrel, and the other end of the driven shaft is fixedly connected to a disc roller continuously variable transmission component. The end of the disc roller continuously variable transmission component away from the driven shaft is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the drive motor.

[0015] Preferably, a drive block is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the drive barrel, a first driven block is slidably connected to one side of the drive block, a second driven block is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the drive shaft, one side of the second driven block can fit against the drive block, a first spring is fixedly connected to the side of the first driven block away from the drive block with one end disposed on the second driven block, a driven limiting rod is fixedly connected to the side of the first driven block away from the drive block with one end inserted into the second driven block, and the first spring is sleeved on the driven limiting rod.

[0016] Preferably, an electromagnetic brake is installed inside the second driven block, and one end of the driven limit rod passes through the clamp of the electromagnetic brake.

[0017] Preferably, a second spring is fixedly connected to the side of the first driven block away from the driving block, and a third driven block is fixedly connected to the end of the second spring away from the first driven block. One end of the third driven block abuts against the driving shaft, and the other end of the third driven block abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the driving barrel.

[0018] Preferably, the third driven block has a first connecting port through one side, and both the first spring and the driven limiting rod pass through the first connecting port.

[0019] Preferably, a push block is fixedly connected to the right side of the first driven block, and an arc-shaped push plate that can move left and right is provided on the left side of the drive barrel. An adjusting rod with one end passing through the drive barrel and the mounting barrel is fixedly connected to the right side of the arc-shaped push plate. The end of the adjusting rod away from the arc-shaped push plate is hinged to the disc roller continuously variable transmission component.

[0020] Preferably, a first mounting groove is provided on the right side of the drive barrel, the arc-shaped push plate is slidably connected in the first mounting groove, a third spring is fixedly connected to the right side of the arc-shaped push plate, and the end of the third spring away from the arc-shaped push plate is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first mounting groove.

[0021] Beneficial effects

[0022] This invention provides a thread cutting process for ADI materials, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. This thread cutting process for ADI materials, through the coordinated setup of the machining body, tool holder, drive barrel, drive shaft, drive block, first driven block, first spring, driven limit rod, second driven block, pressure sensor, electromagnetic brake, and drive motor, can achieve the gradual transmission of cutting force when the milling cutter cuts into the nut by utilizing the elastic deformation of the first spring. This avoids the instantaneous peak force exceeding the maximum static friction between the chuck and the nut. At the same time, the pressure sensor monitors the force in real time, and the electromagnetic brake tightens the driven limit rod when the force value reaches the threshold, forming a rigid linkage between the drive barrel and the drive shaft. This effectively solves the problem of instantaneous change in cutting force when the milling cutter cuts into the nut through rigid connection, ensuring the force balance during the nut machining process and improving the accuracy and stability of internal thread machining of ADI material nuts.

[0024] 2. This ADI material thread cutting process, through the coordinated arrangement of a second spring, a third driven block, a push block, an arc-shaped push plate, an adjusting rod, a rotating connecting plate, a limiting rotating column, a limiting support plate, a telescopic rod, and a disc-roller continuously variable transmission component (driven disc, driving disc, wedge roller), can rely on the second spring and the first spring to jointly share the cutting cycle stress, reduce the fatigue damage of the first spring, and ensure the long-term reliability of the machining system. At the same time, using the cutting resistance as a feedback signal, the push block drives the arc-shaped push plate, and the adjusting rod links with the wedge roller to change the transmission ratio, realizing the adaptive matching of the milling cutter speed and the hardness of the nut material. This avoids the problems of tool vibration and wear when machining high-hardness nuts and chip accumulation when machining low-hardness nuts, and improves the process adaptability to the machining of nuts of different materials. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drive barrel of the present invention from the left.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the body of the present invention viewed from the front;

[0028] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped push plate of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disc roller continuously variable transmission component of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Machine body; 2. Tool holder; 3. Drive barrel; 4. Drive shaft; 5. Drive block; 6. First driven block; 7. Second spring; 8. First spring; 9. Driven limit rod; 10. Second driven block; 11. Third driven block; 12. First connecting port; 13. Push block; 14. Electromagnetic brake; 15. Mounting barrel; 16. Driven shaft; 17. Driven disc; 18. Driven disc; 19. Wedge roller; 20. Adjusting rod; 21. Drive motor; 22. Arc-shaped push plate; 23. Third spring. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] While existing technologies have effectively improved the machining efficiency of internal threads in nuts through structural optimization, the process still has potential problems with precision control. When the milling cutter is rigidly connected (e.g., directly driven by a motor-driven shaft) and cuts into the nut instantly, the initial contact between the milling cutter and the nut is a point contact with a very small contact area, causing the cutting force to surge to 3-5 times the normal cutting state in a very short time. This instantaneous peak force can easily exceed the maximum static friction force between the chuck and the nut. At the same time, the dynamic cutting friction force generated by the rotation of the milling cutter and contact with the nut will be converted into a lateral force acting on the nut. If the clamping rigidity of the nut tooling is insufficient, or if there is a slight deviation between the positioning reference and the cutting center, the lateral force and the instantaneous impact will be superimposed, breaking the force balance of the workpiece and causing the nut to twist or radially displace, thereby affecting the subsequent machining accuracy of the thread. This embodiment is invented to solve the above problems.

[0035] Please see Figures 1 to 6 This invention provides a technical solution: a thread cutting process for ADI materials, comprising the following steps:

[0036] S1. The nut to be processed is precisely fixed in the designated position of the processing machine body 1 by the chuck body to ensure that the axis of the nut is aligned with the processing reference and to ensure the coaxiality of subsequent processing;

[0037] S2. The thread milling cutter is clamped and secured to the machining body 1 via the special tool holder 2 to complete the tool setting and calibration, ensuring that the milling cutter cutting path matches the nut machining trajectory;

[0038] S3. Start the machine body 1 drive system, control the milling cutter to feed smoothly along the preset trajectory towards the nut, and perform thread cutting on the inner circumferential surface of the nut using ADI material until a thread structure that meets the accuracy requirements is formed;

[0039] The machine body 1 is a conventional thread cutting device on the market. Its working principle is common knowledge in this field, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0040] The right side of the machine body 1 is provided with a drive barrel 3 that can move synchronously with the tool holder 2, and the right end of the tool holder 2 is rotatably connected to the drive barrel 3. The connection between the tool holder 2 and the drive barrel 3 is provided with a first bearing. A drive shaft 4 extending into the drive barrel 3 is fixedly connected to the center of the right side of the tool holder 2. The end of the drive shaft 4 away from the tool holder 2 is inserted into the inner wall of the drive barrel 3, and the drive shaft 4 and the drive barrel 3 are rotatably connected. A first spring 8 that can cause the drive shaft 4 to rotate is provided inside the drive barrel 3. A drive motor 21 that can cause the drive barrel 3 to rotate is provided at the right end of the machine body 1.

[0041] Please see Figures 2 to 3 A lead screw slide is provided on the right end of the upper surface of the machine body 1. The working principle of the lead screw slide is existing technology, so its working principle will not be described in detail. A mounting plate is fixedly connected to the slide. A mounting barrel 15 is fixedly connected to the left end of the upper surface of the mounting plate. The drive motor 21 is fixedly installed on the right end of the upper surface of the mounting plate. The end of the drive barrel 3 away from the tool holder 2 is rotatably connected to the mounting barrel 15.

[0042] Therefore, when the lead screw slide is running, it can directly drive the mounting barrel 15 and the drive motor 21 to move synchronously. At the same time, as the mounting barrel 15 moves, it will further link the drive barrel 3 and the tool holder 2 to complete synchronous movement.

[0043] Please see Figures 2 to 3A driven shaft 16, extending into the mounting barrel 15, is rotatably connected to the right side of the mounting barrel 15. One end of the driven shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the drive barrel 3, and the other end of the driven shaft 16 is fixedly connected to a disc roller continuously variable transmission component. The end of the disc roller continuously variable transmission component away from the driven shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the drive motor 21. Therefore, when the drive motor 21 operates, the driven shaft 16 can be driven to rotate synchronously through the action of the disc roller continuously variable transmission component. The continuously variable transmission (CVT) component includes a driven disc 17 fixedly connected to the driven shaft 16 and a driving disc 18 fixedly connected to the shaft of the drive motor 21. The driven disc 17 and the driving disc 18 are arranged opposite to each other and their opposite ends are rotatably connected. At the same time, a wedge-shaped roller 19 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the mounting plate. The outer surface of the wedge-shaped roller 19 closely abuts against the corresponding contact surfaces of the driven disc 17 and the driving disc 18. Since the disc roller type CVT component is existing technology, its specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail here.

[0044] Please see Figures 1 to 6 A drive block 5 is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the drive barrel 3. A first driven block 6 is slidably connected to one side of the drive block 5. A pressure sensor is installed between the drive block 5 and the first driven block 6. When the first driven block 6 is subjected to resistance, the resistance can be fed back to the pressure sensor in real time to realize dynamic monitoring of the force state. A second driven block 10, one side of which can fit against the drive block 5, is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the drive shaft 4. A first spring 8, one end of which is set on the second driven block 10, is fixedly connected to the side of the first driven block 6 away from the drive block 5. Therefore, when the drive barrel 3 rotates, the drive block 5 will drive the first driven block 6 to move synchronously. At the same time, with the help of the first spring 8, the first spring 8 will push the second driven block 10 to rotate. During the rotation of the second driven block 10, it will further drive the drive shaft 4 to move synchronously. A driven limit rod 9 with one end inserted into the second driven block 10 is fixedly connected to the side of the first driven block 6 away from the drive block 5. The first spring 8 is sleeved on the driven limit rod 9, but there is no contact between the first spring 8 and the driven limit rod 9.

[0045] An electromagnetic brake 14 is installed inside the second driven block 10, and one end of the driven limit rod 9 passes through the clamp of the electromagnetic brake 14. The electromagnetic brake 14 is an existing mature device, and its specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail here. Meanwhile, a small controller is provided on the inner wall of the drive barrel 3. The pressure sensor and the electromagnetic brake 14 are electrically connected to the small controller through wires. Therefore, when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset threshold, it will immediately transmit a signal to the small controller. The small controller will then send a control signal to the electromagnetic brake 14 to drive it to start working. After the electromagnetic brake 14 starts, its clamp will tightly clamp the driven limit rod 9. Since the outer surface of the driven limit rod 9 is provided with anti-slip texture, it can further enhance the friction between the clamp and the driven limit rod 9, thereby quickly causing the driven limit rod 9 to stop moving.

[0046] Therefore, when the milling cutter on the tool holder 2 performs thread machining on the inner wall of the nut, the drive barrel 3 will synchronously drive the drive block 5 and the first driven block 6 to rotate. During this process, the first driven block 6 drives the second driven block 10 to rotate through the elastic force of the first spring 8, and the second driven block 10 further drives the drive shaft 4 to rotate. Finally, through the linkage between the drive shaft 4 and the tool holder 2, the synchronous rotation of the milling cutter is achieved.

[0047] According to the theory of dynamic and static load transmission, when a rotating milling cutter first contacts a stationary nut, a cutting driving force will be generated due to relative motion. However, the nut cannot move due to the positioning and limiting effect of the chuck. At this time, the cutting driving force will be transmitted in the opposite direction through the milling cutter to the tool holder 2, and then through the tool holder 2 to the drive shaft 4, and finally act on the second driven block 10. Since the second driven block 10 is blocked by the reaction force (resistance) generated by the nut's limitation, when the drive barrel 3 drives the first spring 8 to rotate through the first driven block 6, the first spring 8 will undergo elastic deformation due to the force and gradually compress. The gradual transmission of force is achieved through the deformation of the first spring 8, avoiding instantaneous changes in force.

[0048] Based on the above mechanism, the cutting force of the milling cutter on the nut can increase gradually, rather than suddenly spike. Combined with the workpiece force balance theory, this gradual force transmission can effectively avoid the problem that "when the milling cutter rotates and contacts the nut, the dynamic cutting friction force is converted into a large instantaneous lateral force acting on the nut", ensuring that the nut is always in a state of force balance during the machining process, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of subsequent thread machining;

[0049] By coordinating the pressure sensor and the electromagnetic brake 14, the torsional force threshold under normal machining conditions of the nut can be preset. When the milling cutter performs cutting operations, the force on the first spring 8 will be transmitted to the pressure sensor through the first driven block 6. The pressure sensor will feed back the real-time force signal to the small controller.

[0050] When the detected force value reaches the preset threshold, the small controller immediately triggers the electromagnetic brake 14 to start working. The clamp on the electromagnetic brake 14 will quickly tighten the driven limit rod 9. By restricting the movement of the driven limit rod 9, the drive barrel 3 and the drive shaft 4 form a relatively stationary state with rigid linkage. This mechanism ensures that the milling cutter can obtain stable driving force transmission during the normal cutting stage, thereby achieving high-precision and stable machining of nuts.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] Although the above embodiment effectively avoids the problem of "dynamic cutting friction force being converted into a large instantaneous lateral force acting on the nut when the milling cutter rotates and contacts the nut" through the gradual force transmission mechanism, thus providing a reliable guarantee for the thread machining accuracy, from the perspective of fatigue failure theory in mechanics of materials, the first spring 8 will continuously bear the cyclic stress caused by the cutting load during long-term machining. This cyclic stress will cause fatigue damage to accumulate inside the material of the first spring 8. As the number of uses increases, the elastic deformation capacity of the first spring 8 will gradually decrease, and its originally stable force transmission performance will also decrease accordingly. It may even lead to elastic failure or breakage, thereby affecting the stability and accuracy maintenance capability of the entire machining system. This embodiment is invented to solve the above problems.

[0053] Please see Figures 1 to 6 Based on the above embodiments, the technical solution adopted includes a second spring 7 fixedly connected to the side of the first driven block 6 away from the driving block 5, a third driven block 11 fixedly connected to the end of the second spring 7 away from the first driven block 6, one end of the third driven block 11 abutting against the driving shaft 4, and the other end of the third driven block 11 abutting against the inner circumferential surface of the driving barrel 3. The third driven block 11 adopts a double sliding fit setting, one side of the third driven block 11 forms a sliding connection with the driving barrel 3, and the other side of the third driven block 11 also forms a sliding connection with the driving shaft 4, so that the third driven block 11 can slide smoothly between the driving shaft 4 and the driving barrel 3 along a preset trajectory without interfering with the respective movement states of the driving shaft 4 and the driving barrel 3.

[0054] The first communication port 12 is passed through one side of the third driven block 11, and the first spring 8 and the driven limiting rod 9 both pass through the first communication port 12.

[0055] When the drive barrel 3 rotates and drives the drive block 5 and the first driven block 6 to rotate synchronously, the first driven block 6 will synchronously drive the second spring 7, the first spring 8 and the driven limit rod 9 to move with it. During this process, the second spring 7 will drive the third driven block 11 to move smoothly along the sliding trajectory of the inner wall of the drive barrel 3 and the outer circumference of the drive shaft 4 by its own elastic thrust. The movement process will not interfere with the rotation of the drive barrel 3 or the transmission of the drive shaft 4.

[0056] Until the third driven block 11 moves away from the side of the second spring 7 and comes into contact with the second driven block 10, which is stationary due to the cutting resistance of the nut's reaction force, as the drive barrel 3 continues to drive the first driven block 6 to move, the first spring 8 will begin to compress elastically due to the obstruction of the second driven block 10. At the same time, the second spring 7 will also be compressed synchronously under the combined action of the thrust of the first driven block 6 and the reaction force of the third driven block 11.

[0057] In the original embodiment, the cutting cycle stress borne solely by the first spring 8 is rationally distributed to the dual components of the first spring 8 and the second spring 7. This significantly reduces the stress amplitude borne by the single first spring 8. Combined with the principle of material fatigue damage accumulation, the reduction in stress amplitude can significantly slow down the initiation and propagation speed of microcracks inside the first spring 8, effectively disperse fatigue damage, and avoid the problem of elastic decay and failure fracture of the single first spring 8 after long-term use. At the same time, the synergistic compression of the first spring 8 and the second spring 7 can still maintain the core advantage of "gradual force transmission", avoid instantaneous changes in cutting force, and ensure the stability of force when the milling cutter contacts the nut.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] Although the above embodiments effectively alleviate the fatigue failure problem of a single first spring 8 after long-term service by designing the first spring 8 and the second spring 7 to work together, thus ensuring the long-term stability of the machining system, there is still a technical shortcoming in the insufficient compatibility between the milling cutter speed and the workpiece material when facing nut machining scenarios of different materials. As the core cutting parameter of thread machining, the milling cutter speed directly determines the thread machining accuracy.

[0060] From the perspective of metal cutting mechanism, the hardness difference of workpiece material directly affects the cutting resistance, tool wear rate and surface quality during the cutting process. When machining nuts with higher hardness, the intermolecular bonding force within the material is stronger, and the milling cutter needs to overcome greater shear resistance during the cutting process. If the higher speed used when machining low-hardness nuts is used, the dynamic cutting force between the milling cutter and the workpiece will increase sharply, which will not only easily cause tool vibration, but also accelerate tool wear, resulting in deviations in thread profile accuracy and excessive surface roughness. Conversely, when machining low-hardness nuts, if a low speed suitable for high-hardness materials is used, the insufficient cutting efficiency will lead to chip accumulation, which will also affect the thread machining accuracy.

[0061] The milling cutter speed needs to be matched with the hardness of the nut material. The higher the material hardness, the lower the milling cutter speed is required, so as to balance the cutting resistance through smooth cutting motion and reduce abnormal interaction between the tool and the workpiece. The lower the material hardness, the milling cutter speed can be appropriately increased to improve machining efficiency while ensuring cutting quality. This embodiment was invented to solve the above problems.

[0062] Please see Figures 1 to 6Based on the above embodiments, the technical solution adopted includes a push block 13 fixedly connected to the right side of the first driven block 6, an arc-shaped push plate 22 that can move left and right is provided on the left side of the drive barrel 3, and an adjustment rod 20 with one end passing through the drive barrel 3 and the mounting barrel 15 is fixedly connected to the right side of the arc-shaped push plate 22. The end of the adjustment rod 20 away from the arc-shaped push plate 22 is hinged to the disc roller continuously variable transmission component.

[0063] The right side of the drive barrel 3 is provided with a first mounting groove. The arc-shaped push plate 22 is slidably connected in the first mounting groove. The right side of the arc-shaped push plate 22 is fixedly connected with a third spring 23. The end of the third spring 23 away from the arc-shaped push plate 22 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first mounting groove. The setting of the third spring 23 can ensure that the arc-shaped push plate 22 can be stably reset when there is no external force or when the external force disappears, so that it returns to the initial working position.

[0064] Among them, the side of the arc-shaped push plate 22 closest to the tool holder 2 is an inclined guide surface. When the first driven block 6 continues to rotate with the drive barrel 3, and the drive shaft 4 is in a relatively stationary state because it has not yet received sufficient driving force, the push block 13 on the first driven block 6 will gradually abut against the inclined surface of the arc-shaped push plate 22. As the drive barrel 3 drives the first driven block 6 to continue to rotate, the push block 13 will generate a lateral thrust along the inclined guide surface, driving the arc-shaped push plate 22 to move towards the wedge roller 19, thereby driving the adjusting rod 20 to move synchronously.

[0065] A rotating connecting plate is rotatably connected to the side of the wedge roller 19 away from the driven disk 17 and the driving disk 18. A telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the end of this rotating connecting plate away from the wedge roller 19. The end of the telescopic rod away from the wedge roller 19 is rotatably connected to the adjusting rod 20. Limiting rotating columns are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the rotating connecting plate, and correspondingly, limiting support plates are fixedly connected to the mounting plate. The limiting support plates, through their rotational cooperation with the limiting rotating columns, provide stable rotational support for the rotating connecting plate. Therefore, when the adjusting rod 20 translates, it pulls the rotating connecting plate around the limiting rotating columns via the telescopic rod, thereby causing the wedge roller 19 to deflect synchronously, changing the contact position of its outer circumference on the driven disk 17 and the driving disk 18. Figure 3 As shown, the driven disk 17, the driving disk 18 and the wedge roller 19 are in the initial engagement state. Based on this, the deflection adjustment of the wedge roller 19 will change the transmission ratio between the driving disk 18 and the driven disk 17. Under the premise that the output speed of the drive motor 21 is constant, the speed of the driven disk 17 will gradually decrease as the deflection degree of the wedge roller 19 increases.

[0066] Therefore, when the milling cutter processes nuts with different hardness, the difference in cutting resistance will trigger the adaptive adjustment of the speed. According to the theory of metal cutting, the greater the hardness of the nut material, the greater the comprehensive cutting resistance that the milling cutter needs to overcome, such as the material's shear resistance and plastic deformation resistance. This resistance will be transmitted to the drive shaft 4 through the milling cutter and the tool holder 2, which will then form a stronger reaction force on the second driven block 10. This reaction force will make the first driven block 6 more obstructed when it follows the drive barrel 3, and the distance that the push block 13 moves on the arc-shaped push plate 22 will also increase. This will cause the arc-shaped push plate 22 to drive the adjusting rod 20 to move a longer distance, which will ultimately make the wedge roller 19 deflect more and the speed of the driven plate 17 and the drive barrel 3 decrease more significantly, thereby achieving the adaptation effect of "the higher the hardness of the nut, the lower the milling cutter speed automatically".

[0067] Therefore, using cutting resistance as a feedback signal, the mechanical transmission mechanism composed of components such as push block 13 and arc-shaped push plate 22 converts the resistance change into parameter adjustment of the disc roller continuously variable transmission component. Dynamic matching of speed and material hardness can be completed without manual intervention. On the one hand, it avoids tool vibration and cutting edge wear caused by excessive cutting force when machining high-hardness nuts at high speeds, effectively ensuring the thread profile accuracy and surface roughness requirements. On the other hand, it also prevents chip accumulation caused by insufficient cutting efficiency when machining low-hardness nuts at low speeds. Finally, through the adaptive adjustment capability of the mechanical structure, the process adaptability to the machining of nuts of different materials is greatly improved, and the operation complexity is reduced. At the same time, relying on the dynamic adaptation characteristics of the disc roller continuously variable transmission component, the accuracy and stability of thread machining under various working conditions are ensured.

[0068] In summary, when using this ADI material thread cutting process, the drive motor 21 drives the drive barrel 3 to rotate. The drive block 5 inside the drive barrel 3 synchronously drives the first driven block 6. The first driven block 6 pushes the second driven block 10 through the first spring 8, which in turn drives the drive shaft 4 and the milling cutter on the tool holder 2 to rotate. When the milling cutter contacts the nut for the first time, the first spring 8 realizes the gradual transmission of cutting force through elastic deformation, avoiding instantaneous peak force. In conjunction with the pressure sensor between the drive block 5 and the first driven block 6, the force is monitored in real time. When the force value reaches the threshold, the small controller on the inner wall of the drive barrel 3 triggers the electromagnetic brake 14 inside the second driven block 10 to clamp the driven limit rod 9, so that the drive barrel 3 and the drive shaft 4 form a rigid linkage, ensuring the stability of the normal cutting stage.

[0069] To address the fatigue problem of the first spring 8 during long-term machining, the second spring 7 and the third driven block 11 work synchronously. The first driven block 6 drives the second spring 7, and the second spring 7 drives the third driven block 11, which can slide between the drive shaft 4 and the drive barrel 3. When the third driven block 11 contacts the second driven block 10, which is stationary due to resistance, the first spring 8 and the second spring 7 are compressed synchronously, sharing the cutting cycle stress, delaying the fatigue damage of the first spring 8, and maintaining the long-term operating accuracy of the system.

[0070] To meet the speed adaptation requirements of machining nuts of different materials, adaptive adjustment is achieved. The push block 13 on the right side of the first driven block 6 rotates with the drive barrel 3, abutting against the inclined guide surface of the arc-shaped push plate 22 on the left side of the drive barrel 3. This pushes the arc-shaped push plate 22 to compress the third spring 23 and drive the adjusting rod 20 to move. The adjusting rod 20 pulls the rotating connecting plate around the limiting rotating column through the telescopic rod, causing the wedge roller 19 to change the contact position between the driven plate 17 and the driving plate 18 of the disc roller continuously variable transmission component. This adjusts the speed of the drive barrel 3 and the milling cutter. The higher the hardness of the nut, the greater the reaction force of the cutting resistance transmitted to the second driven block 10 through the milling cutter, tool holder 2, and drive shaft 4. The longer the distance that the push block 13 pushes the arc-shaped push plate 22, the greater the deflection of the wedge roller 19, and the lower the speed of the driven plate 17, thus achieving a precise match between the speed and the material hardness.

[0071] The entire process, through the coordinated action of components such as machine body 1, tool holder 2, drive barrel 3, drive shaft 4, first spring 8, second spring 7, pressure sensor, electromagnetic brake 14, driven disc 17, drive disc 18, and wedge roller 19 of the disc-roller continuously variable transmission, not only solves the problem of instantaneous change in cutting force when the milling cutter is rigidly connected and cutting in, but also alleviates the fatigue failure problem of the first spring 8 after long-term use. It also realizes adaptive adjustment of the speed for machining nuts of different materials, ultimately ensuring the accuracy and stability of internal thread machining of ADI material nuts, the long-term reliability of equipment operation, and the adaptability to multiple working conditions, and greatly improving processing efficiency and product quality.

[0072] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," which indicate direction or positional relationships, are based on the direction or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are used merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0073] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ADI material thread cutting machining process, characterized by: Includes the following steps: S1. The nut to be processed is precisely fixed to the designated position of the processing machine body (1) by means of the chuck body, so as to ensure that the axis of the nut is aligned with the processing reference and to ensure the coaxiality of subsequent processing; S2. The thread milling cutter is clamped and fastened to the machining body (1) through the special tool holder (2) to complete the tool setting and calibration, and ensure that the milling cutter cutting path matches the nut machining trajectory; S3. Start the machine body (1) drive system, control the milling cutter to feed smoothly along the preset trajectory towards the nut, and perform thread cutting on the inner circumferential surface of the nut using ADI material until a thread structure that meets the accuracy requirements is formed; The right side of the machine body (1) is provided with a drive barrel (3) that can move synchronously with the tool holder (2), and the right end of the tool holder (2) is rotatably connected to the drive barrel (3). The right side of the tool holder (2) is fixedly connected with a drive shaft (4) that extends into the drive barrel (3). The drive barrel (3) is provided with a first spring (8) that can cause the drive shaft (4) to rotate. The right end of the machine body (1) is provided with a drive motor (21) that can cause the drive barrel (3) to rotate. A drive block (5) is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the drive barrel (3). A first driven block (6) is slidably connected to one side of the drive block (5). A second driven block (10) with one side able to fit against the drive block (5) is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the drive shaft (4). A first spring (8) with one end set on the second driven block (10) is fixedly connected to the side of the first driven block (6) away from the drive block (5). A driven limiting rod (9) with one end inserted into the second driven block (10) is fixedly connected to the side of the first driven block (6) away from the drive block (5), and the first spring (8) is sleeved on the driven limiting rod (9). An electromagnetic brake (14) is installed inside the second driven block (10), and one end of the driven limit rod (9) passes through the clamp of the electromagnetic brake (14).

2. The process of claim 1, wherein: A lead screw slide is provided on the right end of the upper surface of the machine body (1), and an installation plate is fixedly connected to the slide. An installation bucket (15) is fixedly connected to the left end of the upper surface of the installation plate, and a drive motor (21) is fixedly installed on the right end of the upper surface of the installation plate. The end of the drive bucket (3) away from the tool holder (2) is rotatably connected to the installation bucket (15).

3. The process of claim 2, wherein: The right side of the mounting barrel (15) is rotatably connected to a driven shaft (16) that extends into the mounting barrel (15). One end of the driven shaft (16) is fixedly connected to the drive barrel (3), and the other end of the driven shaft (16) is fixedly connected to a disc roller continuously variable transmission component. The end of the disc roller continuously variable transmission component away from the driven shaft (16) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the drive motor (21).

4. The process of claim 3, wherein: A second spring (7) is fixedly connected to the side of the first driven block (6) away from the drive block (5). A third driven block (11) is fixedly connected to the end of the second spring (7) away from the first driven block (6). One end of the third driven block (11) abuts against the drive shaft (4), and the other end of the third driven block (11) abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the drive barrel (3).

5. The process of claim 4, wherein: The third driven block (11) has a first connecting port (12) through one side, and the first spring (8) and the driven limiting rod (9) both pass through the first connecting port (12).

6. A process for thread cutting of an ADI material according to claim 5, characterized in that: A push block (13) is fixedly connected to the right side of the first driven block (6). An arc-shaped push plate (22) that can move left and right is provided on the left side of the drive barrel (3). An adjustment rod (20) with one end passing through the drive barrel (3) and the mounting barrel (15) is fixedly connected to the right side of the arc-shaped push plate (22). The end of the adjustment rod (20) away from the arc-shaped push plate (22) is hinged to the disc roller continuously variable transmission component.

7. The process of claim 6, wherein: The drive barrel (3) has a first mounting groove on its right side. The arc-shaped push plate (22) is slidably connected in the first mounting groove. A third spring (23) is fixedly connected to the right side of the arc-shaped push plate (22). The end of the third spring (23) away from the arc-shaped push plate (22) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first mounting groove.

Images