Multi-station non-standard part automatic welding machine tool

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of welding machine tool, specifically to a kind of multi-station non-standard part automatic welding machine tool, comprising: mechanical arm positioning system and the assembly plate of its output end, read-write device is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the assembly plate by support column, and the coil of the read-write device faces outward;Two cover bodies made of metal are rotatably installed on the assembly plate, the two cover bodies are symmetrically designed, and the assembly plate is provided with transmission structure for driving the two read-write devices to rotate oppositely;The assembly plate is also provided with an induction structure, when the induction structure detects that the coil surface of the read-write device collides with the RFID tag surface, the transmission structure will be controlled to make the two cover bodies rotate oppositely and combine into a protective cover;The outer wall of the opposite surface of the two cover bodies is provided with a locking structure;The present application realizes collision prediction and active protection, and the reliable stability of locking and thermal control unlocking mechanism guarantees reliability, adaptive deflection mechanism effectively resolves impact, and adjustable induction design adapts to complex working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of welding machine tools, specifically to a multi-station automatic welding machine tool for non-standard parts. Background Technology

[0002] Automatic welding machine tools are industrial equipment that automatically complete welding tasks through computer programming or robotic systems. They are automated, with the entire welding process, such as arc initiation, movement path, wire feeding speed, and current control, all controlled by preset programs. No manual operation is required. They also have high precision and consistency, as the machine can repeatedly perform the exact same actions, ensuring that the welding points, welding depth, and strength of each product are completely consistent, resulting in stable product quality. Furthermore, they can work continuously, significantly improving production efficiency.

[0003] RFID tag identification systems use tags to identify workpieces or pallets, facilitating automated machining processes on machine tools. While automatic welding machine tools can automatically weld and load / unload workpieces, this is only suitable for standard parts or large batches. When dealing with non-standard parts, it is difficult to quickly initiate welding processes. Although the system includes machining steps, RFID tags can be useful in this situation. By inserting an RFID tag onto the pallet, the system reader can read the non-standard workpiece information after recognizing the RFID, thereby calling the correct welding machine program, adjusting the welding parameters, and then the pallet enters the machine tool, where welding begins automatically. The entire process requires no human intervention to check drawings or input program code. After welding is completed, the reader can write new data into the tag, which then flows with the pallet to the next process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a multi-station automatic welding machine tool for non-standard parts, which realizes collision prediction and active protection. Its stable locking and thermal unlocking mechanism ensures reliability, the adaptive deflection mechanism effectively mitigates impact, and the adjustable sensing design adapts to complex working conditions. Ultimately, it ensures RFID recognition rate and long-term equipment stability in harsh environments, guaranteeing the continuity and accuracy of the automated welding process from the data source.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A multi-station automatic welding machine tool for non-standard parts, comprising:

[0007] The robotic arm positioning system and its output assembly plate have a reader / writer fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the assembly plate via support columns, with the coil face of the reader / writer facing outwards. Two metal covers are rotatably mounted on the assembly plate, symmetrically designed, and a transmission structure is installed on the assembly plate to drive the two covers to rotate in opposite directions. A sensing structure is also installed on the assembly plate; when the sensing structure detects a collision between the reader / writer coil face and the RFID tag face, it controls the transmission structure to cause the two covers to rotate in opposite directions to form a protective cover. A locking structure is installed on the outer walls of the opposing faces of the two covers, restricting the displacement of the two covers when the protective cover is formed.

[0008] Optionally, the transmission structure includes two rotating shafts mounted on the side wall of the assembly plate. Both covers are rotatably assembled with the assembly plate through the rotating shafts. Gears are fixedly mounted on both rotating shafts. A double-sided rack is slidably mounted on the assembly plate. The double-sided rack is located between the two gears and is meshed with the two gears respectively. When the double-sided rack slides, it can control the opposite rotation of the two covers.

[0009] Optionally, a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the side wall of the assembly plate and the gear, and an assembly block is also fixedly installed on the outer wall of the assembly plate. A slotted block is installed on the assembly block, and part of the outer wall of the double-sided rack slides through the inside of the slotted block. A truncated cone that limits the maximum expansion position of the two covers is also installed on the assembly block.

[0010] Optionally, the sensing structure includes an assembly cylinder mounted on a double-sided rack. Inside the assembly cylinder, a probe is slidably mounted in a piston-like manner. The end of the probe is designed to be flexible, and the axis of the probe is perpendicular to the coil surface of the reader. The end of the probe extends beyond the coil surface of the reader. When the probe is compressed and retracted, and the compressed air is compressed to the point where it cannot be compressed further, it will break through the limitation of the torsion spring and push the double-sided rack to move.

[0011] Optionally, the assembly cylinder has an external thread on its outer surface, and a threaded sleeve is installed on the double-sided rack, forming a threaded assembly relationship between the assembly cylinder and the threaded sleeve.

[0012] Optionally, the locking structure includes a hook installed on one of the covers, the hook being a barb design, and an assembly cavity opened on the other cover. When the protective cover is formed, the hook can enter the assembly cavity. A sliding sleeve is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the assembly cavity, and a sliding rod is slidably installed inside the sliding sleeve. A limit ball is fixedly installed at the free end of the sliding rod, and a thermal control spring is fixedly installed between the sliding rod and the bottom of the inner wall of the sliding sleeve. The top of the hook is designed with a lifting slope. When the hook enters the assembly cavity, it pushes open the limit ball. After reaching the locking position, the limit ball engages with the inner wall of the hook.

[0013] Optionally, an electric heating plate is embedded in the inner wall of the assembly cavity, and a heat-conducting sleeve is fixedly installed at the output end of the electric heating plate. The heat-conducting sleeve surrounds and fits the outer wall of the sliding sleeve. The thermal control spring is made of shape memory alloy and will contract after being heated to a preset temperature.

[0014] Optionally, the robotic arm positioning system includes a main arm designed on a machine tool, a support arm rotatably mounted on the main arm, a three-dimensional rotating head mounted at the output end of the support arm, a positioning part, an assembly ring connected to the positioning part via a flange, and an assembly plate mounted on the assembly ring.

[0015] Optionally, the assembly ring has an integrally formed ball socket, a ball head is hinged inside the ball socket, a ball shaft is integrally formed on the ball head, the assembly plate is fixedly connected to the ball shaft, and a corrective spring is fixedly installed between the ball socket and the assembly plate, the corrective spring being coaxially sleeved on the outside of the ball shaft.

[0016] This invention provides a multi-station automatic welding machine tool for non-standard parts, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art;

[0017] The coordination between the sensing structure, transmission structure, and housing achieves an active intelligent protection effect based on collision prediction. The probe in the sensing structure, with its axis perpendicular to the reader coil surface and its tip positioned forward, acts as the system's "tactile nerve." When the robotic arm positioning system moves the reader towards the tray, if the reader coil surface is about to collide with the physical structure on the tray due to positioning deviation or other reasons, the probe will make contact first and be pressed back. Its ingenious internal pneumatic design provides a buffer and warning zone during the air compression phase. If the pressure continues, the probe's final displacement will push the double-sided rack to slide, thereby controlling the two housings to rotate in opposite directions. This allows the two housings to close quickly before a physical collision occurs, completely protecting the vulnerable reader and transforming passive impact into active protection. This greatly avoids equipment downtime and maintenance costs caused by accidental collisions, ensuring the continuity and stability of the production process.

[0018] The cooperation between the locking structure and the thermal triggering mechanism achieves the dual effects of stable locking of the cover and remote electronic unlocking. When the two covers rotate in opposite directions to the closed state, the hook moves and enters the assembly cavity. The inclined surface design of the top of the hook and the cooperation of the limit ball enable it to overcome the elasticity of the thermal control spring to push the limit ball open, and after it is in place, it rebounds and locks into the inside of the hook to complete the mechanical locking. Through thermal unlocking, remote operation can be performed without having to approach the machine tool and robotic arm system. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the safety mechanism in this invention;

[0021] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Front view;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the safety mechanism in this invention after the cover is removed;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the security mechanism protecting the reader in this invention;

[0024] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 The right view;

[0025] Figure 7 For the present invention along Figure 6 Sectional view at point AA;

[0026] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged detail view of point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the reader and assembly plate in this invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Main arm; 2. Support arm; 3. Three-dimensional rotating head; 4. Positioning part; 5. Assembly cavity; 6. Reader / writer; 7. Assembly ring; 8. Cover; 9. Ball socket seat; 11. Assembly plate; 12. Ball head; 13. Double-sided rack; 14. Groove block; 15. Gear; 16. Assembly cylinder; 17. Probe; 18. Correcting spring; 19. Limiting ball; 20. Hook; 21. Heat-conducting sleeve; 22. Sliding sleeve; 23. Heating plate; 24. Frustum. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Please see Figures 1 to 9 This invention provides a technical solution: a multi-station automatic welding machine tool for non-standard parts, comprising:

[0031] The robotic arm positioning system and its output end assembly plate 11 have a reader 6 fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the assembly plate 11 by support columns, with the coil surface of the reader 6 facing outwards. Two metal covers 8 are rotatably mounted on the assembly plate 11. The two covers 8 are symmetrically designed, and the assembly plate 11 is equipped with a transmission structure that drives the two covers 8 to rotate in opposite directions. The assembly plate 11 is also equipped with a sensing structure. When the sensing structure detects that the coil surface of the reader 6 collides with the RFID tag surface, it controls the transmission structure to make the two covers 8 rotate in opposite directions to form a protective cover. The outer walls of the opposite sides of the two covers 8 are equipped with a locking structure, which restricts the displacement of the two covers 8 when the protective cover is formed.

[0032] In this invention, the two covers 8 can be combined to form a protective cover, or they can be extended to expose the reader 6, allowing it to interface with the RFID tag on the machine tool tray. This makes the coil surface of the reader 6 close to and parallel to the coil surface of the RFID tag, with the center aligned. After recognizing the RFID tag, the reader 6 can read the information of the non-standard workpiece, thereby calling the correct welding machine program, adjusting the welding parameters, and then the tray enters the machine tool, where the machine tool begins the automatic welding process. In the event of a potential collision, the two covers 8 rotate in opposite directions to form a protective cover, thus protecting the reader 6 and preventing damage.

[0033] The two covers 8, the assembly plate 11, the transmission structure, the sensing structure and the locking structure together constitute a safety mechanism that provides real-time protection for the reader 6.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the transmission structure includes two rotating shafts mounted on the side wall of the assembly plate 11. Both covers 8 are rotatably assembled with the assembly plate 11 via these shafts. Gears 15 are fixedly mounted on each of the two rotating shafts. A double-sided rack 13 is slidably mounted on the assembly plate 11, positioned between the two gears 15. The double-sided rack 13 meshes with each of the two gears 15. When the double-sided rack 13 slides, it controls the opposing rotation of the two covers 8. (See also...) Figures 2 to 4 In this embodiment, the rotating shaft passes through the cover 8 and the gear 15 in sequence, and they are both fixedly connected. The double-sided rack 13 is displaced on the vertical line between the two gears 15. Therefore, the displacement of the double-sided rack 13 can make the two covers 8 rotate synchronously and in the same amount in opposite directions to complete the closing or opening.

[0035] Based on the transmission structure embodiment, a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the side wall of the mounting plate 11 and the gear 15. An assembly block is also fixedly installed on the outer wall of the mounting plate 11. A slotted block 14 is mounted on the assembly block. Part of the outer wall of the double-sided rack 13 slides through the interior of the slotted block 14. A frustum 24 is also mounted on the assembly block to limit the maximum expansion position of the two covers 8. Please refer to [link to previous text]. Figure 4The enlarged view shows that in this embodiment, under the constraint of the torsion spring, the two covers 8 will maintain a preset expansion angle. In fact, this is the maximum expansion angle of the two covers 8. For greater stability, the two conical surfaces of the truncated cone 24 are made to abut against the outer wall of the cover 8.

[0036] Furthermore, the sensing structure includes an assembly cylinder 16 mounted on a double-sided rack 13. A probe 17 is piston-slidably mounted inside the assembly cylinder 16. The end of the probe 17 is flexible, and its axis is perpendicular to the coil surface of the reader 6. The end of the probe 17 extends beyond the coil surface of the reader 6. When the probe 17 is compressed and retracted, and the compressed air reaches its limit, its continued displacement will break through the torsion spring's constraint and push the double-sided rack 13 to move. A portion of the assembly cylinder 16 has external threads, and a threaded sleeve is mounted on the double-sided rack 13. A threaded assembly relationship is formed between the assembly cylinder 16 and the threaded sleeve. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 The maximum retraction distance of probe 17 within assembly cylinder 16 is fixed. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the end of probe 17, the position of probe 17 can be adjusted by rotating assembly cylinder 16 to make it spiral in and out within threaded sleeve, thereby changing the distance at which the double-sided rack 13 is displaced, i.e. the collision warning distance. When a possible collision is warned, the displacement of probe 17 will cause the double-sided rack 13 to displace, so that the two covers 8 rotate in opposite directions and close before the collision occurs, forming a protective cover.

[0037] The metal shell formed by the closed cover 8 can effectively shield the strong electromagnetic interference generated during the welding process, block the splashing welding slag and sparks, and isolate oil and dust.

[0038] Furthermore, the locking structure includes a hook 20 installed on one of the covers 8, the hook 20 being a barbed design. The other cover 8 has an assembly cavity 5. When the protective cover is formed, the hook 20 can enter the assembly cavity 5. A sliding sleeve 22 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the assembly cavity 5. A sliding rod is slidably installed inside the sliding sleeve 22. A limit ball 19 is fixedly installed at the free end of the sliding rod. A thermally controlled spring is fixedly installed between the sliding rod and the bottom of the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 22. The top of the hook 20 is designed with a lifting ramp. When the hook 20 enters the assembly cavity 5, it pushes open the limit ball 19. After reaching the locking position, the limit ball 19 engages with the inner wall of the hook. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 8 In this embodiment, although the two covers 8 are rotated and docked, and the movement path of the hook 20 is an arc, the limiting ball 19 has a certain degree of mobility, so that the limiting ball 19 and the hook 20 can cooperate. The locking is achieved by extending and retracting the limiting ball 19. When the limiting ball 19 is hooked, the hook 20 is difficult to move downward, so that the two readers 6 are in close contact, avoiding interference from the external environment to the readers 6.

[0039] Based on the locking structure embodiment, an electric heating plate 23 is embedded in the inner wall of the assembly cavity 5. A heat-conducting sleeve 21 is fixedly installed at the output end of the electric heating plate 23. The heat-conducting sleeve 21 surrounds and fits against the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 22. The thermal control spring is made of shape memory alloy. The thermal control spring will contract after being heated to a preset temperature. The thermal control spring is preset to be in an expanded state at room temperature and has some characteristics of a spring. However, when the thermal control spring is heated to a preset temperature, it will contract instantly, thereby pulling the limit ball 19 back and releasing the lock on the hook 20. Therefore, when unlocking is required, it is only necessary to supply power to the electric heating plate 23. The heat energy generated by the electric heating plate 23 will be transferred to the heat-conducting sleeve 21, and the heat-conducting sleeve 21 will then transfer it to the sliding sleeve 22 and the thermal control spring in sequence.

[0040] In summary, the robotic arm positioning system further includes a main arm 1 designed on a machine tool, a support arm 2 rotatably mounted on the main arm 1, a three-dimensional rotating head 3 mounted at the output end of the support arm 2, a positioning part 4, an assembly ring 7 connected to the positioning part 4 via a flange, and an assembly plate 11 mounted on the assembly ring 7.

[0041] Furthermore, the assembly ring 7 has an integrally formed ball socket 9, within which a ball head 12 is hinged, and an integrally formed ball shaft on the ball head 12. The assembly plate 11 is fixedly connected to the ball shaft, and a straightening spring 18 is fixedly installed between the ball socket 9 and the assembly plate 11. The straightening spring 18 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the ball shaft. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 In this embodiment, when the protective cover is hit or scraped, the rotation of the ball head 12 can reduce stress impact and deflect to avoid it. Secondly, the corrective spring 18 can provide driving force for the reset of the mounting plate 11 after deflection.

[0042] This invention, through a series of innovative mechanical structures working in perfect harmony, transforms passive collision into active predictive protection, greatly improving equipment reliability and reducing maintenance costs. Furthermore, its purely mechanical interlocking and electrothermal unlocking mechanism ensures the stability of the protection and the convenience of remote operation. The ball joint and compression spring design effectively dissipates the energy of accidental collisions, protecting the expensive robotic arm itself. It successfully resolves the contradiction between the high-precision reading requirements of RFID systems and the physical protection needs of equipment in harsh environments such as welding.

[0043] The standard parts used in this embodiment can be purchased directly from the market, and the non-standard structural parts described in the specification and drawings can also be processed without any doubt based on existing technical common sense. At the same time, the connection methods of each component adopt mature conventional methods in the existing technology, and the machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the existing technology, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0044] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-station automatic welding machine tool for non-standard parts, characterized in that: include: The robotic arm positioning system and its output end assembly plate (11) are provided with a reader (6) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the assembly plate (11) by a support column, and the coil surface of the reader (6) faces outward. Two metal covers (8) are rotatably mounted on the assembly plate (11). The two covers (8) are symmetrically designed, and the assembly plate (11) is equipped with a transmission structure that drives the two covers (8) to rotate in opposite directions. The assembly plate (11) is also equipped with a sensing structure. When the sensing structure detects that the coil surface of the reader (6) collides with the RFID tag surface, it will control the transmission structure to make the two covers (8) rotate in opposite directions to form a protective cover. The outer walls of the two opposing sides of the two covers (8) are fitted with a locking structure, which restricts the displacement of the two covers (8) when forming a protective cover; The transmission structure includes two rotating shafts installed on the side wall of the assembly plate (11). Both of the covers (8) are rotated together with the assembly plate (11) through the rotating shafts. Gears (15) are fixedly installed on both rotating shafts. A double-sided rack (13) is slidably installed on the assembly plate (11). The double-sided rack (13) is located between the two gears (15). The double-sided rack (13) is meshed with the two gears (15) respectively. When the double-sided rack (13) slides, the opposite rotation of the two covers (8) can be controlled. A torsion spring is fixedly connected between the side wall of the assembly plate (11) and the gear (15). An assembly block is also fixedly installed on the outer wall of the assembly plate (11). A slotted block (14) is installed on the assembly block. Part of the outer wall of the double-sided rack (13) slides through the inside of the slotted block (14). A cone (24) is also installed on the assembly block to limit the maximum expansion position of the two covers (8). The sensing structure includes an assembly cylinder (16) mounted on a double-sided rack (13). Inside the assembly cylinder (16), a probe (17) is slidably mounted in a piston-like manner. The end of the probe (17) is designed to be flexible, and the axis of the probe (17) is perpendicular to the coil surface of the reader (6). The end of the probe (17) extends beyond the coil surface of the reader (6). When the probe (17) is under pressure and retracts and the compressed air is compressed to the point that it cannot be compressed, it will continue to move and break through the limitation of the torsion spring to push the double-sided rack (13) to move.

2. The multi-station automatic welding machine tool for non-standard parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembly cylinder (16) has an external thread on its outer part, and a threaded sleeve is installed on the double-sided rack (13). The assembly cylinder (16) and the threaded sleeve form a threaded assembly relationship.

3. The multi-station automatic welding machine tool for non-standard parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking structure includes a hook (20) installed on one of the covers (8), the hook (20) being a barb design, and an assembly cavity (5) opened on the other cover (8). When the protective cover is formed, the hook (20) can enter the assembly cavity (5). A sliding sleeve (22) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the assembly cavity (5). A sliding rod is slidably installed inside the sliding sleeve (22). A limiting ball (19) is fixedly installed at the free end of the sliding rod. A thermal control spring is fixedly installed between the sliding rod and the bottom of the sliding sleeve (22). The top of the hook (20) is designed with a lifting slope. When the hook (20) enters the assembly cavity (5), it will push the limiting ball (19) open. After reaching the locking position, the limiting ball (19) is engaged with the inner wall of the hook.

4. The multi-station automatic welding machine tool for non-standard parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the assembly cavity (5) is embedded with a heating plate (23), and a heat-conducting sleeve (21) is fixedly installed at the output end of the heating plate (23). The heat-conducting sleeve (21) surrounds and fits the outer wall of the sliding sleeve (22). The thermal control spring is made of shape memory alloy and will contract after being heated to a preset temperature.

5. The multi-station automatic welding machine tool for non-standard parts according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The robotic arm positioning system includes a main arm (1) designed on a machine tool, a support arm (2) rotatably mounted on the main arm (1), a three-dimensional rotating head (3) mounted on the output end of the support arm (2), the three-dimensional rotating head (3) having a positioning part (4), the positioning part (4) being connected to an assembly ring (7) via a flange, and an assembly plate (11) mounted on the assembly ring (7).

6. The multi-station automatic welding machine tool for non-standard parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The assembly ring (7) has an integrally formed ball socket (9), and a ball head (12) is hinged inside the ball socket (9). A ball shaft is integrally formed on the ball head (12). The assembly plate (11) is fixedly connected to the ball shaft. A corrective spring (18) is fixedly installed between the ball socket (9) and the assembly plate (11). The corrective spring (18) is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the ball shaft.

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