A method and system for assembling and positioning a cold screen and vacuum chamber in a compact fusion reactor

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of compact fusion reactor cold screen and vacuum chamber assembly positioning method and system, cold screen is enclosed in vacuum chamber, and automatic adjusting mechanism is respectively installed at multiple assembly reference points of vacuum chamber, the automatic adjusting mechanism is used to adjust the assembly gap of cold screen relative to vacuum chamber;Measure the current coordinates of cold screen at each assembly reference point and the theoretical coordinates of vacuum chamber at each assembly reference point;According to the theoretical coordinates and current coordinates of each assembly reference point, obtain the compensation value corresponding to each assembly reference point;According to the compensation value, the automatic adjusting mechanism corresponding to each assembly reference point adjusts the assembly gap of corresponding assembly reference point;When the assembly gap corresponding to each assembly reference point is less than the preset value, stop all automatic adjusting mechanism;Realize that cold screen and vacuum chamber assembly gap automatic adjusting in narrow gap in compact fusion reactor, improve positioning assembly efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fusion reactor cold shield installation, and particularly relates to a method and system for assembling and positioning a cold shield and a vacuum chamber in a compact fusion reactor. BACKGROUND

[0002] Magnetic confinement nuclear fusion is considered as the most likely way to solve the energy crisis of mankind in the future, and a tokamak device is one of the most effective means for researching magnetic confinement nuclear fusion energy. The main device of the tokamak device mainly comprises a divertor, a blanket, a vacuum chamber, a dewar, a cold shield and a magnet, etc. The main function of the cold shield is to provide a light-tight thermal barrier between the low-temperature superconducting magnet and the components working in a low-temperature environment and other thermal components. During the operation of the device, the cold shield reduces the thermal load on the superconducting magnet and the low-temperature components caused by thermal radiation or thermal conduction. Therefore, the installation of the cold shield is crucial for the operation of the whole device. The whole cold shield system comprises a bottom cold shield, a middle cold shield, a vacuum chamber cold shield and an upper cold shield, and the whole is a thin-walled cylindrical structure.

[0003] Since the cold shield is a large thin-walled part, there is local displacement after it is fixed to the vacuum chamber, and the gap between the cold shield and the vacuum chamber needs to be adjusted and repositioned multiple times to ensure the installation accuracy. At present, the temporary positioning and adjustment of the cold shield on the vacuum chamber of the magnetic confinement nuclear fusion reactor under construction mostly adopts manual adjustment. This scheme can reduce the complexity of the adjustment mechanism to a certain extent, but a large amount of manual adjustment work is needed and the adjustment time is increased, and the efficiency is extremely low. In the compact fusion reactor, the position adjustment needs to be carried out in a narrow gap, and it is difficult for people to move in the narrow space for a long time to adjust, therefore, the manual repeated measurement and adjustment method is complex and tedious, and there are many uncertainties in the adjustment process. SUMMARY

[0004] (I) Technical problem

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method and system for assembling and positioning a cold shield and a vacuum chamber in a compact fusion reactor, which solves the problem of automatic adjustment of the assembly gap between the cold shield and the vacuum chamber in a narrow gap in the compact fusion reactor, and improves the positioning and assembly efficiency.

[0006] (II) Technical scheme

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0008] A method for assembling and positioning a cold screen and a vacuum chamber in a compact fusion reactor, the cold screen is sleeved on the vacuum chamber, automatic adjusting mechanisms are installed on the vacuum chamber at a plurality of assembly reference points, the automatic adjusting mechanisms are used for adjusting assembly gaps of the cold screen relative to the vacuum chamber; current coordinates of the cold screen at each assembly reference point and theoretical coordinates of the vacuum chamber at each assembly reference point are measured; compensation values of each assembly reference point are obtained according to the theoretical coordinates and the current coordinates of each assembly reference point; the automatic adjusting mechanisms of each assembly reference point adjust the assembly gaps of the corresponding assembly reference points according to the compensation values; when the assembly gaps of each assembly reference point are less than a preset value, all the automatic adjusting mechanisms are stopped.

[0009] Preferably, the compensation value of each assembly reference point is d.

[0010] ;

[0011] Wherein, (O, P) is the current coordinate, and (U, V) is the theoretical coordinate.

[0012] Preferably, the current coordinates of the cold screen at each assembly reference point are measured by a measuring instrument, and the theoretical coordinates of the vacuum chamber at each assembly reference point are measured by the measuring instrument.

[0013] Preferably, the measuring instrument is a laser tracker or a three-coordinate measuring instrument.

[0014] Preferably, the automatic adjusting mechanism comprises a positioning and clamping structure for clamping on the vacuum chamber and abutting between the cold screen and the vacuum chamber, the positioning and clamping structure is provided with an adjusting structure for adjusting the assembly gaps of the cold screen relative to the vacuum chamber, the adjusting structure comprises an outer adjusting motor, and a displacement of the outer adjusting motor for each adjustment is the compensation value of the corresponding assembly reference point.

[0015] Preferably, the positioning and clamping structure comprises a clamp upper part and a clamp lower part, the clamp lower part is clamped on the vacuum chamber through fixing bolts, a lower wedge block is slidably installed on the clamp upper part through a guide rail and a sliding block, an upper wedge block is slidably matched with an inclined surface of the lower wedge block, the clamp upper part is provided with a guide screw, the upper wedge block is slidably matched with the guide screw, and a top surface of the upper wedge block abuts on the cold screen; an inner adjusting motor is installed on the clamp upper part, an inner adjusting screw is connected to an output shaft of the inner adjusting motor, and the inner adjusting screw is threadedly matched with the lower wedge block.

[0016] Preferably, the adjusting structure comprises an outer adjusting screw which is installed at intervals on the clamp upper part, an outer support block is slidably arranged on the clamp upper part, the outer adjusting screw is threadedly matched with the outer support block, and a top portion of the outer support block abuts against the cold screen.

[0017] The outer side adjusting motor is connected with the outer side adjusting screw rod.

[0018] Preferably, the upper wedge block is embedded with an inner side pressure sensing unit, and the outer side supporting block is embedded with an outer side pressure sensing unit.

[0019] Preferably, the lower part of the clamp is provided with a lower pad, the upper part of the clamp is provided with an upper pad, the upper wedge block is provided with an inner side pad, and the outer side supporting block is provided with an outer side pad.

[0020] The application further provides a compact fusion reactor cold screen and vacuum chamber assembly positioning system, comprising a measuring instrument and an upper computer; the measuring instrument is used to measure the current coordinates of the cold screen at each assembly reference point and the theoretical coordinates of the vacuum chamber at each assembly reference point; the upper computer is used to calculate the compensation value of each assembly reference point and control the automatic adjustment mechanism of each assembly reference point to adjust the assembly gap of each assembly reference point.

[0021] (Three) beneficial effects

[0022] By installing the automatic adjustment mechanism at each assembly reference point of the vacuum chamber, measuring the current coordinates and the theoretical coordinates of the cold screen and the vacuum chamber at each assembly reference point, calculating the compensation value of moving the cold screen from the current coordinates to the theoretical coordinates, and then controlling the automatic adjustment mechanism to adjust the assembly gap according to the compensation value of the corresponding assembly reference point, the adjustment is stopped until the assembly gap is less than the preset value; thus, the automatic adjustment of the assembly gap of the cold screen and the vacuum chamber at multiple assembly reference points is realized, the assembly gap adjustment in a narrow gap is realized, and the automation degree of the adjustment process is improved.

[0023] While meeting the accurate positioning requirements of the cold screen, the position adjustment difficulty in a narrow space is reduced, and the problem of manual adjustment in a narrow gap is solved. ACCURACY

[0024] Figure 1 The method flowchart of the embodiment of the application;

[0025] Figure 2 The adjustment coordinate diagram of the embodiment of the application;

[0026] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the automatic adjustment mechanism in the embodiment of the application is assembled between the vacuum chamber and the cold screen;

[0027] Figure 4 is Figure 3 The local enlarged structure diagram of A in the embodiment of the application;

[0028] Figure 5A first perspective view of the automatic adjusting mechanism in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 A second perspective view of the automatic adjusting mechanism in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 A third perspective view of the automatic adjusting mechanism in the embodiment of the present application

[0031] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the automatic adjusting mechanism in the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] In Figures 1 to 8 , the correspondence between the component names or lines and the figure numbers is as follows:

[0033] Cold shield 100, vacuum chamber 200, automatic adjusting mechanism 300, measuring instrument 400, inner adjusting motor 1, first speed changer 2, clamp upper part 3, clamp lower part 4, outer adjusting motor 5, second speed changer 6, guide rail 7, lower wedge 8, upper wedge 9, inner spacer 10, guide screw 11, outer spacer 12, outer support 13, inner adjusting screw 14, upper spacer 15, lower spacer 16, fixing bolt 17, inner pressure sensing unit 18, outer pressure sensing unit 19, outer adjusting screw 20, sliding block 21. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments.

[0035] Referring to Figures 1-4 the embodiment of the present application, a compact fusion reactor cold shield and vacuum chamber assembly positioning method is proposed. After the cold shield 100 is fitted on the vacuum chamber 200, preliminary positioning is achieved, and then the cold shield 100 needs to be adjusted to install the cold shield 100 on the vacuum chamber 200 according to the design requirements, so as to ensure that the cold shield 100 provides a good thermal barrier for the inside. Specifically, automatic adjusting mechanisms 300 are installed at a plurality of assembly reference points of the vacuum chamber 200, and the automatic adjusting mechanisms 300 are used to adjust the assembly gap of the cold shield 100 relative to the vacuum chamber 200. The assembly gap has a certain preset value according to the design requirements, and when the preset value range is met, it can be determined that the cold shield 100 is installed in place. Specifically, during the adjustment process, each assembly reference point needs to be adjusted independently, so as to realize the translation and rotation of the entire cold shield 100, and finally complete the assembly positioning precision of the entire cold shield 100 relative to the vacuum chamber 200.

[0036] Specifically, the current coordinates of the cold shield 100 at each assembly reference point and the theoretical coordinates of the vacuum chamber 200 at each assembly reference point are measured. The current coordinates are the coordinate values of each assembly reference point before and after the adjustment of the cold shield 100, which have not reached the theoretical coordinates. The theoretical coordinates are the coordinate values of each assembly reference point measured by the vacuum chamber 200, which should be in place. In fact, due to the adjustment at multiple assembly reference points, the final obtained current coordinates will approach the theoretical coordinates, and adjustment needs to be continued according to the deviation after each adjustment.

[0037] Therefore, the compensation value of each assembly reference point is obtained according to the theoretical coordinates and the current coordinates of each assembly reference point, and then the automatic adjustment mechanism 300 corresponding to each assembly reference point adjusts the assembly gap of the corresponding assembly reference point according to the compensation value. The compensation values of different assembly reference points are adjusted as the adjustment of the automatic adjustment mechanism 300 corresponding to the assembly reference point, so as to realize that the current coordinates of the cold shield 100 at the assembly reference point approach the theoretical coordinates of the vacuum chamber 200. In the actual adjustment process, since the adjustment is performed at multiple assembly reference points, multiple adjustments are required to meet the preset value after the adjustment of the assembly gap of all assembly reference points.

[0038] Before each adjustment, the assembly gap and the preset value are compared, and when the assembly gap corresponding to each assembly reference point is less than the preset value, all automatic adjustment mechanisms 300 are stopped.

[0039] The compensation value is obtained by measuring the current coordinates and the theoretical coordinates of the cold shield 100 and the vacuum chamber 200 at different assembly reference points. When the assembly gap is greater than the preset value, the current coordinates of the cold shield 100 at each assembly reference point are measured again, and the compensation value is updated. The automatic adjustment mechanism 300 is adjusted again based on the compensation value to adjust the assembly gap. After the adjustment of the assembly gap of all assembly reference points is completed to the preset value range, the entire cold shield 100 assembly positioning is completed.

[0040] The assembly gap after each adjustment is directly measured, which can be measured at the same time as the current coordinates of the cold shield 100 after each adjustment, or the compensation value can be directly used as a judgment reference, such as a preset compensation value as a judgment reference for whether the assembly gap requirement is met.

[0041] The compensation value of each assembly reference point can be calculated by the following formula:

[0042] ;

[0043] The compensation value of each assembly reference point is d, and (O, P) is the current coordinate, and (U, V) is the theoretical coordinate.

[0044] The compensation value can be obtained by calculating the current coordinate and the theoretical coordinate. The specific compensation value can be obtained by referring to the following method and FIG. 2.

[0045] The current coordinate P1 (X, Y) of the adjustment point is obtained by measurement, and the adjusted theoretical coordinate is P2 (U, V);

[0046] The curve equation of the cold shield profile before adjustment is F (x, y) = 0;

[0047] The movement values dx, dy and the rotation angle value θ of the P1 point to P2 are obtained by measurement;

[0048] Suppose that the coordinate Q (M, N) of the translation intermediate point is obtained by moving dx, dy, and Q is rotated by the original point to obtain the theoretical coordinate P2 (U, V);

[0049] F (X, Y) = F (M-dx, N-dy) can be obtained.

[0050] After rotation, the theoretical coordinate P2 (U, V) and Q (M, N) have the following transformation relationship:

[0051] ;

[0052] After arrangement:

[0053] ;

[0054] The adjusted cold shield profile curve equation is G (u, v) = 0, and F (X, Y) = F (M-dx, N-dy) can be obtained:

[0055] G (U, V) = F (Ucosθ+Vsinθ-dx, -Usinθ+Vcosθ-dy)

[0056] Further, the adjustment mechanism of each point is adjusted according to the normal direction of the curve profile, and the compensation amount before and after adjustment can be approximately calculated as follows.

[0057] The curve equation of the cold shield 100 profile before adjustment is F (x, y) = 0, and the normal equation can be expressed as:

[0058] ;

[0059] The normal equation is solved with the adjusted cold shield profile curve equation to obtain the actual coordinate P3(O, P) after adjustment, that is, the actual coordinate P3 after adjustment of the compensation value from P1, and the actual coordinate P3 is not adjusted once to reach the theoretical coordinate P2. Thus, the actual coordinate P3 becomes the new current coordinate, that is, in the compensation adjustment process from the current coordinate P1 to the theoretical coordinate P2, there will be several actual coordinates P3, and the actual coordinate P3 obtained directly after each adjustment is the current coordinate P3, without the need for further calculation.

[0060] After each adjustment, the compensation value is formed between the current coordinate P3 obtained by measurement and the theoretical coordinate P2, and the compensation value gradually decreases after each adjustment until the actual coordinate P3 approaches the theoretical coordinate P2. In the actual adjustment process, it is impossible to achieve complete equivalence of the actual coordinate P3, and it is only necessary to achieve an assembly gap less than the preset error range.

[0061] Thus, by measuring the current coordinate of the corresponding assembly reference point of the cold shield before each adjustment to obtain P3(O, P), and the theoretical coordinate P2(U, V) being unchanged, the compensation value d from P3 to P2 is obtained for the corresponding assembly reference point, and thus,

[0062] ;

[0063] In the adjustment process, since multiple assembly reference points are adjusted on the curve of the cold shield, the current coordinate P3(O, P) of different assembly reference points is actually changing, and is a process of gradually approaching the theoretical coordinate P2(U, V).

[0064] Thus, in the process of specifically obtaining the compensation value d, only the current coordinate of each assembly reference point of the cold shield 100 needs to be measured.

[0065] Specifically, the current coordinate of each assembly reference point of the cold shield 100 is measured by the measuring instrument 400, and the theoretical coordinate of each assembly reference point of the vacuum chamber 200 is measured by the measuring instrument 400. Only in the measurement, the theoretical coordinate needs to be measured only once, which is a fixed coordinate value, and the current coordinate will change after each adjustment, so it will be measured several times in the adjustment process to adjust the current coordinate to approach the theoretical coordinate to the error range.

[0066] In order to obtain higher precision measurement data in the narrow gap, the measuring instrument 400 is a laser tracker or a three-coordinate measuring instrument.

[0067] Thus, after obtaining the current coordinate and the theoretical coordinate of each assembly reference point by the measuring instrument 400, the automatic adjustment mechanism 300 is adjusted to adjust the assembly gap between the cold shield 100 and the vacuum chamber 200 through the continuously changing compensation value.

[0068] Specifically, as shown in Figures 5-8 The automatic adjusting mechanism 300 includes a positioning and clamping structure for clamping on the vacuum chamber 200 and abutting against the cold shield 100 and the vacuum chamber 200, and the positioning and clamping structure is provided with an adjusting structure for adjusting the assembly gap of the cold shield 100 relative to the vacuum chamber 200, and the adjusting structure includes an outer adjusting motor 5, the displacement of each adjustment of the outer adjusting motor 5 is a compensation value corresponding to an assembly reference point, and the positioning and clamping structure is clamped and positioned on the vacuum chamber 200, and the adjusting structure is displaced by the outer adjusting motor 5 according to the compensation value obtained by calculation, so as to realize the adjustment of the assembly gap of the corresponding assembly reference point.

[0069] The positioning and clamping structure includes a clamp upper part 3 and a clamp lower part 4, the clamp lower part 4 is clamped on the vacuum chamber 200 through the fixing bolt 17 and the clamp upper part 3, the lower wedge block 8 is slidably installed on the clamp upper part 3 through the guide rail 7 and the sliding block 21, the upper wedge block 9 is slidably matched with the inclined surface of the lower wedge block 8, the clamp upper part 3 is provided with the guide screw 11, the upper wedge block 9 is slidably matched with the guide screw 11, and the top surface of the upper wedge block 9 abuts against the cold shield 100; meanwhile, the inner adjusting motor 1 is installed on the clamp upper part 3, the output shaft of the inner adjusting motor 1 is connected with the inner adjusting lead screw 14 through the first speed changer 2, and the inner adjusting lead screw 14 is threadedly matched with the lower wedge block 8. The clamp upper part 3 and the clamp lower part 4 are clamped by the fixing bolt 17, so that the whole automatic adjusting mechanism 300 can be reliably installed on the vacuum chamber 200, the inner adjusting lead screw 14 is driven to rotate by the inner adjusting motor 1, the lower wedge block 8 is driven to slide, and the upper wedge block 9 is pushed to abut against the cold shield 100, so that the cold shield 100 and the vacuum chamber 200 are positioned by the automatic adjusting mechanism 300 before adjustment, and there is no gap, thereby ensuring the accuracy in the subsequent adjustment and measurement process.

[0070] After the cold shield 100 and the vacuum chamber 200 are positioned relative to each other, the assembly gap of the cold shield 100 relative to the vacuum chamber 200 is adjusted by the adjusting structure according to the compensation value obtained by measurement and calculation, and specifically, the adjusting structure includes the outer adjusting lead screw 20 which is installed at intervals on the clamp upper part 3, the outer supporting block 13 is slidably arranged on the clamp upper part 3, the outer adjusting lead screw 20 is threadedly matched with the outer supporting block 13, the top of the outer supporting block 13 abuts against the cold shield 100, and the outer adjusting lead screw 20 is connected with the outer adjusting motor 5 through the second speed changer 6; the outer adjusting motor 5 is driven to rotate according to the compensation value, the outer adjusting lead screw 20 is driven to rotate, the outer supporting block 13 is driven to push the cold shield 100 to move relative to the vacuum chamber 200, and the assembly gap of the current position is adjusted.

[0071] In order to facilitate the monitoring of the pressure on the cold screen 100 during the pressing and pushing process, and to avoid the deformation of the cold screen 100 due to overpressure, an inner side pressure sensing unit 18 is embedded on the upper wedge block 9, and an outer side pressure sensing unit 19 is embedded on the outer side support block 13, which can monitor the pressure on the cold screen 100 in real time, and can control the operation state of the inner side adjusting motor 1 and the outer side adjusting motor 5 in time when the risk occurs. The inner side pressure sensing unit 18 and the outer side pressure sensing unit 19 can be load sensing components such as pressure sensors and stress sensing sheets, and the measurement range of 0-500kg can be selected according to the specific size of the cold screen 100.

[0072] At the same time, in order to protect the position of the cold screen 100 and the vacuum chamber 200 from the automatic adjusting mechanism 300, a lower pad 16 is arranged on the lower clamp part 4, an upper pad 15 is arranged on the upper clamp part 3, an inner side pad 10 is arranged on the upper wedge block 9, and an outer side pad 12 is arranged on the outer side support block 13, which can ensure the pressing state under the action of the lower pad 16, the upper pad 15, the inner side pad 10 and the outer side pad 12, and can completely fit and protect the contact position.

[0073] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the present embodiment further provides a compact fusion reactor cold screen and vacuum chamber assembly positioning system, which comprises a measuring instrument 400 and a host computer; the measuring instrument 400 is used for measuring the current coordinates of the cold screen 100 at each assembly reference point and the theoretical coordinates of the vacuum chamber 200 at each assembly reference point; and the host computer is used for calculating the compensation value of each assembly reference point and controlling the automatic adjusting mechanism 300 of each assembly reference point to adjust the assembly gap of each assembly reference point.

[0074] The host computer is PLC, and can also be one of ARM, single-chip microcomputer, DSP, CPU, ASIC, MPU, SOC, CPLD or a device capable of realizing data processing function, or a combination thereof.

[0075] In the present application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or can be integrated; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected; can be directly connected, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0076] In the description of the application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used to distinguish descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0077] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, but can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application. Any reference signs in the claims should not be considered as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A method for assembling and positioning a cold shield and a vacuum chamber in a compact fusion reactor, characterized in that: after the cold shield is assembled in the vacuum chamber, automatic adjusting mechanisms are installed at a plurality of assembly reference points of the vacuum chamber, and the automatic adjusting mechanisms are used to adjust assembly gaps of the cold shield relative to the vacuum chamber; current coordinates of the cold shield at each assembly reference point and theoretical coordinates of the vacuum chamber at each assembly reference point are measured; compensation values of each assembly reference point are obtained according to the theoretical coordinates and the current coordinates of each assembly reference point; the automatic adjusting mechanisms of each assembly reference point adjust the assembly gaps of the corresponding assembly reference points according to the compensation values; when the assembly gaps of each assembly reference point are less than a preset value, all the automatic adjusting mechanisms are stopped; the automatic adjusting mechanism (300) comprises a positioning and clamping structure for clamping on the vacuum chamber (200) and abutting between the cold shield (100) and the vacuum chamber (200), and the positioning and clamping structure is provided with an adjusting structure for adjusting the assembly gaps of the cold shield (100) relative to the vacuum chamber (200), and the adjusting structure comprises an outer adjusting motor (5), and the displacement of the outer adjusting motor (5) is the compensation value of the corresponding assembly reference point each time; the positioning and clamping structure comprises a clamp upper part (3) and a clamp lower part (4), the clamp lower part (4) and the clamp upper part (3) are clamped on the vacuum chamber (200) through fixing bolts (17), a lower wedge block (8) is slidably installed on the clamp upper part (3) through a guide rail (7) and a sliding block (21), an upper wedge block (9) is slidably matched with the lower wedge block (8) on the upper wedge block (8), the clamp upper part (3) is provided with a guide screw (11), the upper wedge block (9) is slidably matched with the guide screw (11), and a top surface of the upper wedge block (9) abuts against the cold shield (100); an inner adjusting motor (1) is installed on the clamp upper part (3), an inner adjusting lead screw (14) is connected to an output shaft of the inner adjusting motor (1), and the inner adjusting lead screw (14) is threadedly matched with the lower wedge block (8). The compensation value of each assembly reference point is d; wherein (O, P) is the current coordinate, and (U, V) is the theoretical coordinate. The current coordinates of the cold shield (100) at each assembly reference point are measured by a measuring instrument (400), and the theoretical coordinates of the vacuum chamber (200) at each assembly reference point are measured by the measuring instrument (400). The measuring instrument (400) is a laser tracker or a three-coordinate measuring instrument. The adjusting structure comprises an outer adjusting lead screw (20) which is installed at intervals on the clamp upper part (3), the clamp upper part (3) is slidably provided with an outer support block (13), the outer adjusting lead screw (20) is threadedly matched with the outer support block (13), and a top portion of the outer support block (13) abuts against the cold shield (100); The outer adjusting lead screw (20) is connected to the outer adjusting motor (5). ​ ​ ​ 2. The method for assembling and positioning the cold screen and vacuum chamber in a compact fusion reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ ； ​ 3. The method for assembling and positioning the cold screen and vacuum chamber in a compact fusion reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: ​ 4. The method of claim 3, wherein: ​ 5. The method of claim 1, wherein: ​ ​ 6. The method for assembling and positioning the cold screen and vacuum chamber in a compact fusion reactor according to claim 5, wherein: The upper wedge-shaped block (9) is embedded with an inner side pressure sensing unit (18), and the outer side supporting block (13) is embedded with an outer side pressure sensing unit (19).

7. The method for assembling and positioning the cold screen and vacuum chamber in a compact fusion reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower clamp part (4) is provided with a lower cushion block (16), and the upper clamp part (3) is provided with an upper cushion block (15). The upper wedge-shaped block (9) is provided with an inner side cushion block (10), and the outer side supporting block (13) is provided with an outer side cushion block (12).

8. A compact fusion reactor cold screen and vacuum chamber assembly positioning system, characterized by: The measuring instrument (400) and the upper computer are included. The measuring instrument (400) is used for measuring the current coordinates of the cold shield (100) at each assembly reference point and the theoretical coordinates of the vacuum chamber (200) at each assembly reference point. The upper computer is used for calculating the compensation values of each assembly reference point and controlling the automatic adjusting mechanism (300) of each assembly reference point to adjust the assembly gap of each assembly reference point. The automatic adjusting mechanism (300) includes a positioning and clamping structure for clamping on the vacuum chamber (200) and abutting between the cold shield (100) and the vacuum chamber (200), and the positioning and clamping structure is provided with an adjusting structure for adjusting the assembly gap of the cold shield (100) relative to the vacuum chamber (200), and the adjusting structure includes an outer side adjusting motor (5), and the displacement of the outer side adjusting motor (5) is the compensation value of the corresponding assembly reference point each time. The positioning and clamping structure includes an upper clamp part (3) and a lower clamp part (4), the lower clamp part (4) and the upper clamp part (3) are clamped on the vacuum chamber (200) through fixing bolts (17), the lower wedge-shaped block (8) is slidably installed on the upper clamp part (3) through a guide rail (7) and a sliding block (21), the upper wedge-shaped block (9) is slidably fitted on the inclined surface of the lower wedge-shaped block (8), the upper clamp part (3) is provided with a guide screw (11), the upper wedge-shaped block (9) is slidably fitted with the guide screw (11), and the top surface of the upper wedge-shaped block (9) abuts against the cold shield (100). The upper clamp part (3) is provided with an inner side adjusting motor (1), the output shaft of the inner side adjusting motor (1) is connected with an inner side adjusting screw (14), and the inner side adjusting screw (14) is threadedly fitted with the lower wedge-shaped block (8).

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