Artificial induction landslide method for fractured rock slope

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of disaster control of easily-sliding slopes, and particularly relates to an artificial landslide induction method for a fractured rock slope. After a preset sliding surface is determined, the method further comprises the following steps that a plurality of directional drill holes are formed in the intersection of the lower edge of the preset sliding surface and the outer surface of the slope at intervals; a plurality of slope surface reinforcing anchor rods are arranged on the outer surface of the slope in an array mode, and the slope surface reinforcing anchor rods are located at the set positions of the area below the preset sliding body; a rock hydrolysis catalyst is sprayed into the directional drill hole; a resonance wave generating device is arranged in a safety area below the preset landslide mass, and the resonance wave generating device is utilized to excite the resonance effect of the microfractures of the side slope bedrock; and a loading body is arranged at the position where the upper edge of the preset sliding surface intersects with the outer surface of the slope, and the preset landslide body generates landslide damage under the load effect of the loading body. By means of the method, active treatment of the fractured rock slope prone to landslide disasters can be conveniently and accurately achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of disaster control of easy-to-slide slope, more specifically, it relates to an artificial induced landslide method for broken rock slope. BACKGROUND

[0002] Among engineering geological disasters, landslide disasters are widely distributed, have high occurrence frequency and great harm, and are the main object of geological disaster prevention and control in China. The deformation and failure mechanism of accumulation body is very complex, making prediction difficult and treatment difficult. After instability, a huge surge or accumulation may form a barrier lake, leading to serious secondary disasters. The common active control method at present is to induce the easy-to-slide slope body to slide in advance to the area below the slope and clean it up.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent document with publication number CN110306569A discloses a controllable artificial induced landslide system, which includes a to-be-treated slope, a preset sliding surface, a preset landslide body, a water pressure branch pipe, a water pressure main pipe, a water pump and a pressure gauge. The water pressure main pipe is laid on the existing ground surface of the to-be-treated slope, and multiple water pressure branch pipes are arranged at intervals in the preset landslide body. The water pump and the pressure gauge are connected to the water pressure main pipe. The water pressure branch pipe includes a non-hole section and a hole section, and multiple water outlets are formed on the hole section. According to the present application, a preset sliding surface is artificially set on a hidden landslide body according to engineering needs, and high-pressure water injection is used to induce and control the preset landslide body to slide to a safe position, thereby eliminating landslide hazards. This method is suitable for soil slopes and is not suitable for broken rock slopes.

[0004] For example, the Chinese patent document with publication number CN113152489A discloses a structure for inducing landslide of accumulation body and a construction method thereof, which also sets a high-pressure water injection pipe at the position of the potential sliding surface inside the slope body, and uses a high-level water level to continuously supplement and pressurize the water pipe, thereby inducing the accumulation body in the landslide area to slide downward.

[0005] For example, the Chinese patent document with publication number CN110306566A discloses a distributed high-pressure water injection induced landslide method. First, a preset sliding surface is selected, and relevant parameters of the landslide body are calculated, such as safety factor, critical water injection pressure, etc. Then, high-pressure water is injected into the preset sliding surface, so as to infiltrate into the soil body and reduce the anti-sliding force of the slope body, and finally make it unstable and slide. This method is also only suitable for soil slopes. In theory, this method can control the amount of landslide by artificially controlling the preset sliding surface, but the infiltration of water in the slope body is often uncontrollable, and there is a certain risk.

[0006] For broken rock slopes prone to landslide disasters, there is still a lack of feasible active control solutions in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0007] The technical problem solved by the present application is to provide an artificial induced landslide method for broken rock slope, which can conveniently and accurately realize active governance of broken rock slope prone to landslide disaster.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: the artificial induced landslide method for broken rock slope further comprises the following steps after determining the preset sliding surface: Step one, the outer contour line formed by the intersection of the lower edge of the preset sliding surface and the outer surface of the slope is taken as the drill hole distribution line, and a plurality of directional drill holes are arranged on the outer surface of the slope along the drill hole distribution line at intervals, the axis direction of each directional drill hole is consistent with the extension direction of the lower part of the preset sliding surface; Step two, a plurality of slope reinforcement anchor rods are arranged in an array on the outer surface of the slope, and the slope reinforcement anchor rods are located at the set positions in the region below the drill hole distribution line; Step three, rock hydrolysis catalyst is sprayed into the directional drill hole; Step four, a resonance wave generating device is arranged in a safe area below the preset landslide body, the inherent frequency of the slope bedrock in the region where the preset sliding surface is located is determined by frequency sweep analysis using the resonance wave generating device, then the resonance wave frequency of the resonance wave generating device is adjusted to match the inherent frequency of the slope bedrock in the region where the preset sliding surface is located, so as to excite the resonance effect of the micro-cracks of the slope bedrock; Step five, a load body is arranged at the position where the upper edge of the preset sliding surface intersects with the outer surface of the slope, and the preset landslide body is allowed to produce landslide damage under the load action of the load body.

[0009] Preferably, the rock hydrolysis catalyst sprayed in step three is powder-shaped mesoporous SiO2 coated with ferric citrate.

[0010] Further preferably, after spraying the powder-shaped mesoporous SiO2 coated with ferric citrate in step three, a set amount of water is sprayed into the directional drill hole.

[0011] Preferably, the resonance wave generating device arranged in step four is arranged in a U-shaped vibration isolation wall, and the side openings of the U-shaped vibration isolation wall face the preset landslide body.

[0012] Preferably, when arranging the resonance wave generating device in step four, a safety retaining wall is arranged on the side of the resonance wave generating device close to the preset landslide body.

[0013] Preferably, the load body used in step five is a spherical counterweight; and a plurality of load bodies are arranged at intervals along the intersection line of the upper edge of the preset sliding surface and the outer surface of the slope.

[0014] Preferably, the inclination angle of the axis of the directional drilling in step one is 10-20° relative to the horizontal plane, the depth of the directional drilling is 2-3m, the diameter of the directional drilling is 8-12cm, and the distance between the axes of two adjacent directional drillings on the drilling distribution line is 1.5-2.5m.

[0015] The present application has the following advantages: (1) The precision control (small deviation) of the sliding surface is realized by the chemical catalysis-resonance wave synergistic technology (i.e. "using rock hydrolysis catalyst to hydrolyze and weaken the rock" + "using resonance wave generator to excite the resonance effect of the micro-cracks in the slope bedrock"), and the preset sliding body is strictly made to slide along the designed path by combining the chemical catalysis-resonance wave synergistic technology in the lower region of the preset sliding body and the edge loading on the preset sliding surface, thus solving the problem of uncontrollable sliding surface in the traditional method.

[0016] (2) The loading body is a spherical weight, which can roll down with the preset landslide body, eliminating the risk of load equipment retention, and can be conveniently recycled and used for the next loading, saving cost.

[0017] (3) The rock hydrolysis catalyst is a powder of mesoporous SiO2 coated with ferric citrate, which is efficient, economical and environmentally friendly, and its fast reaction feature can realize fast hydrolysis reaction with the surrounding rock. If there is residual rock hydrolysis catalyst after the landslide, the rock hydrolysis catalyst can also be self-degraded and converted into soil ingredients, realizing zero chemical pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the plane arrangement when the present application is implemented; Figure 2 is a schematic view of the elevation arrangement when the present application is implemented; Figure 3 is Figure 2 is a local enlarged schematic view of the area where the directional drilling in is located.

[0020] The components in the figure are marked as follows: preset sliding surface 1, slope outer surface 2, directional drilling 3, slope reinforcement anchor rod 4, resonance wave generator 5, preset landslide body 6, loading body 7, U-shaped vibration isolation wall 8, safety retaining wall 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The present application discloses an artificial induced landslide method for breaking rock slope, after determining the preset sliding surface 1, further comprising the following steps: Step one, the outer contour line formed by the intersection of the lower edge of the preset sliding surface 1 and the outer surface 2 of the slope is used as the drill hole distribution line, and a plurality of directional drill holes 3 are arranged on the outer surface 2 of the slope along the drill hole distribution line at intervals, and the axis extension direction of each directional drill hole 3 is consistent with the extension direction of the lower part of the preset sliding surface 1; Step two, a plurality of slope reinforcement anchor rods 4 are arranged on the outer surface 2 of the slope in an array, and the slope reinforcement anchor rods 4 are located at the set positions in the area below the drill hole distribution line; Step three, a rock hydrolysis catalyst is sprayed into the directional drill hole 3; Step four, a resonance wave generating device 5 is arranged in the safe area below the preset landslide body 6, the inherent frequency of the slope bedrock in the area where the preset sliding surface 1 is located is determined by using the resonance wave generating device 5 to sweep frequency analysis, then the resonance wave frequency of the resonance wave generating device 5 is adjusted to match the inherent frequency of the slope bedrock in the area where the preset sliding surface 1 is located, so as to excite the resonance effect of the micro-cracks of the slope bedrock; Step five, a load body 7 is arranged at the position where the upper edge of the preset sliding surface 1 intersects with the outer surface 2 of the slope, and the preset landslide body 6 is allowed to generate landslide failure under the load action of the load body 7. The load body 7 generally applies load by using its self-weight.

[0023] It can be understood that how to determine the preset sliding surface 1 can refer to the prior art implementation (for example, the Chinese patent document with publication number CN110306566A), and during implementation, the volume of the preset landslide body 6 in each sliding can be limited according to the actual situation of the hidden landslide body, the total volume of the hidden landslide body is set, the hidden landslide body is divided into multiple parts, and the induced sliding is performed step by step from the slope surface layer. When there are multiple preset sliding surfaces 1, the above steps one to five can be repeated (the slope reinforcement anchor rods 4 arranged in step two of the previous induced landslide should not affect the subsequent induced landslide as much as possible, if there is an impact, the impact should be eliminated in advance before the subsequent induced landslide). The "preset landslide body 6" refers to the slope body structure of single artificial induced sliding corresponding to the upper surface of each preset sliding surface 1.

[0024] The "axis extension direction of the directional drilling hole 3 is consistent with the extension direction of the lower part of the preset sliding surface 1" means that the directional drilling hole 3 is drilled at a certain angle upward horizontally, which can be drilled along a straight line or along a curved line with a certain radian. For the sake of simplifying the drilling process, the directional drilling hole 3 is usually drilled along a straight line.

[0025] The specific arrangement parameters of the directional drilling hole 3 and the slope reinforcement anchor rod 4 can be reasonably determined by the person skilled in the art in combination with the actual geological parameters. The inclination angle of the directional drilling hole 3 relative to the horizontal plane is generally designed to be about 15° (for example, 10° to 20°), and the depth of the directional drilling hole 3 is generally 2m to 3m. Since the broken rock slope itself has many cracks, the diameter of the directional drilling hole 3 does not need to be too large, and the diameter of about 10cm (for example, 8cm to 12cm) is sufficient. The axis of the adjacent two directional drilling holes 3 is generally spaced apart by about 2m (for example, 1.5m to 2.5m) on the drilling distribution line. The main function of the slope reinforcement anchor rod 4 is to fix the lower rock mass to ensure that the lower rock mass does not slide after subsequent induced sliding. Therefore, the slope reinforcement anchor rod 4 can be reasonably designed according to the principle, and the slope reinforcement anchor rod 4 is generally arranged in multiple rows along the slope direction with a certain interval. The distance between the axis of the uppermost row of slope reinforcement anchor rods 4 and the lowest point of the drilling distribution line on the slope surface 2 is generally designed to be about 1m. The "slope direction" refers to the direction in which the original slope surface extends.

[0026] The resonance wave generating device 5 is a complete set of existing equipment, and the working frequency band is 0.1Hz to 50Hz. The use method is well known to the person skilled in the art. The present application determines the natural frequency of the slope bedrock through sweep frequency analysis technology, and adjusts the resonance wave frequency to accurately match the natural frequency, so as to excite the resonance effect of the rock mass micro-crack. After the rock hydrolysis catalyst is sprayed in the directional drilling hole 3, the periodic vibration generated by the resonance wave promotes the deep penetration of the rock hydrolysis catalyst in the crack network, thereby increasing the contact area and reaction efficiency of the rock hydrolysis catalyst and the rock mass. Through the frequency matching and vibration synergistic effect, the present application can significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of the catalytic reaction, and realize the precise damage of the rock mass by chemical-physical synergy. By using the above-mentioned chemical catalysis-resonance wave synergistic technology of the lower part of the preset sliding body 6, and combining the loading of the loading body 7 on the upper edge of the preset sliding surface 1, the preset sliding body 6 can strictly slide along the designed path, thereby solving the problem of uncontrollable sliding surface in the traditional method.

[0027] The rock hydrolysis catalyst can adopt various chemical catalysts capable of weakening the rock. The rock hydrolysis catalyst sprayed in step three in the present application is preferably powder-like mesoporous SiO2-coated ferric citrate. The mesoporous SiO2-coated ferric citrate is a nanoscale composite material, in which the mesoporous SiO2 is a high specific surface area material (>1000 m² / g) with a pore size of 2 nm to 50 nm, regular channels and excellent chemical stability, and the surface thereof can be modified to load metal ions or organic molecules, thereby providing a structural basis for coating the ferric citrate. The mesoporous SiO2 shell can well protect the internal ferric citrate and prevent the activity of the ferric citrate from being lost. The internal ferric citrate (Fe 3+ complex with citric acid (C6H5O7 3- ) is harmless to the environment and will automatically degrade when the environmental pH is greater than 9 (in the ultrabasic rock and metamorphic rock rock slope targeted by the present application, the pore water of the rock mass after rainfall is usually between 8.5 and 10.5, and under certain conditions, the automatic degradation can be met), and the products thereof are iron hydroxide (Fe(OH)3), citrate (C6H5O7 3- ) and silicate (SiO3 2- ). The chemical formula of the reaction of the rock hydrolysis catalyst with the slope rock is as follows: , As can be seen from the above chemical formula, the rock hydrolysis catalyst used in the present application is mainly aimed at magnesium silicate in the bedrock, and in ultrabasic rock and part of metamorphic rock, the proportion of magnesium silicate minerals in ultrabasic rock (peridotite, dunite) is 50% to 95%, and in metamorphic rock (serpentine, talc schist) is 40% to 100%, so the rock hydrolysis catalyst used in the present method can well react with such rocks and reduce the strength thereof, thereby providing a basic condition for artificially inducing landslides.

[0028] When the powder-like mesoporous SiO2-coated ferric citrate is sprayed in step three, it should be as uniformly adhered to the inner wall of the directional drill hole 3 as possible. In order to facilitate the rapid hydrolysis reaction, the preferred solution is to spray a certain amount of water into the directional drill hole 3 after the powder-like mesoporous SiO2-coated ferric citrate is sprayed. The amount of water sprayed can be reasonably determined according to the actual geological conditions.

[0029] In order to better ensure the safety of the operators, the resonance wave generating device 5 arranged in step four is preferably arranged in the U-shaped vibration isolation wall 8, and the side opening of the U-shaped vibration isolation wall 8 faces the pre-set landslide body 6. The operators can generally wear damping and vibration reduction clothes and stand on the outside of the U-shaped vibration isolation wall 8 to operate.

[0030] In order to better ensure the safety of the field equipment and personnel, in step four, when the resonance wave generating device 5 is laid, a safety retaining wall 9 is preferably arranged on the side of the resonance wave generating device 5 close to the preset landslide body 6, and the safety retaining wall 9 is reasonably arranged according to the principle of effectively blocking the landslide body and the rolling load body 7.

[0031] The load body 7 used in step five is preferably a spherical weight; a plurality of load bodies 7 are arranged along the intersection line between the upper edge of the preset sliding surface 1 and the outer surface 2 of the slope. The spherical weight can conveniently roll with the preset landslide body, eliminating the risk of load equipment retention, and can be conveniently recycled for the next loading, saving costs. The load body 7 can generally use a reinforced concrete ball.

[0032] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes, characterized in that, After determining the preset sliding surface (1), the following steps are also included: Step 1: Take the outer contour line formed by the intersection of the lower edge of the preset sliding surface (1) and the outer surface of the slope (2) as the borehole distribution line, and set multiple directional boreholes (3) at intervals along the borehole distribution line on the outer surface of the slope (2). The axial extension direction of each directional borehole (3) is consistent with the extension direction of the lower part of the preset sliding surface (1). Step 2: Multiple slope reinforcement anchors (4) are arrayed on the outer surface (2) of the slope, and the slope reinforcement anchors (4) are located at a set position in the area below the borehole distribution line; Step 3: Spray rock hydrolysis catalyst into the directional borehole (3); Step 4: Install a resonance wave generator (5) in the safe area below the pre-set landslide body (6), use the resonance wave generator (5) to perform frequency sweep analysis to determine the natural frequency of the bedrock of the slope in the area where the pre-set sliding surface (1) is located, and then adjust the resonance wave frequency of the resonance wave generator (5) to match the natural frequency of the bedrock of the slope in the area where the pre-set sliding surface (1) is located, so as to stimulate the resonance effect of the micro-cracks in the bedrock of the slope. Step 5: Set up a load-bearing body (7) at the position where the upper edge of the preset sliding surface (1) intersects with the outer surface of the slope (2), and wait for the preset landslide body (6) to undergo landslide failure under the load of the load-bearing body (7).

2. The method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rock hydrolysis catalyst sprayed in step three is powdered mesoporous SiO2 coated with iron citrate.

3. The method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step three, after spraying powdered mesoporous SiO2 coated iron citrate, a set amount of water is sprayed into the directional drilling hole (3).

4. The method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonance wave generating device (5) deployed in step four is set inside the U-shaped vibration isolation wall (8), and the side opening of the U-shaped vibration isolation wall (8) faces the preset landslide body (6).

5. The method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, when setting up the resonance wave generating device (5), a safety retaining wall (9) is provided on the side of the resonance wave generating device (5) close to the preset landslide body (6).

6. The method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The load-bearing body (7) used in step five is a spherical counterweight. Multiple load-bearing bodies (7) are arranged at intervals along the intersection line between the upper edge of the preset sliding surface (1) and the outer surface (2) of the slope.

7. The method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The directional borehole (3) set in step one has an inclination angle of 10° to 20° relative to the horizontal plane, a depth of 2m to 3m, a diameter of 8cm to 12cm, and a distance of 1.5m to 2.5m between the axes of two adjacent directional boreholes (3) on the borehole distribution line.

Images