Roadway supporting device, mining production line and roadway supporting method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of roadway supporting, in particular to a roadway supporting device, a mining production line and a roadway supporting method.The roadway supporting device comprises a front end assembly (1) and a rear end assembly (2), the front end assembly (1) comprises a front end supporting column (11) with a telescopic mechanism, the rear end assembly (2) comprises a rear end supporting column (21) with a telescopic mechanism, and the front end assembly (1) and the rear end assembly (2) are connected through a driving part (3); and the driving parts can be driven to be close to or far away from each other. Top plate supporting assemblies (4) are installed on the tops of the front-end supporting columns and the tops of the rear-end supporting columns and can be driven to support a roadway top plate. A side edge driving mechanism (56) and a side protection plate (51) which are in transmission connection with each other are arranged on the two sides of the top plate supporting assembly (5), the side protection plate comprises a side protection plate extension part (53) which can stretch out and draw back in the vertical direction, and when the side protection plate is driven by the side edge driving mechanism to support the side wall of the roadway, the side protection plate extension part extends downwards to the bottom end of the side protection plate extension part to abut against a roadway bottom plate; therefore, the lateral walls of the roadway at different heights can be comprehensively supported.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of roadway support, and more specifically to a roadway support device. Furthermore, it relates to a mining production line including the roadway support device and a roadway support method. Background Technology

[0002] In the coal mining sector, underground mining remains the mainstream method. Rapid excavation and safe support of underground tunnels are prerequisites for ensuring safe and efficient mine production. During tunnel excavation, a certain length of "empty roof area" forms between the excavation head and the first row of supports. This area experiences significant rock mass disturbance, leading to frequent accidents such as roof collapse and sidewall spalling, seriously threatening the safety of construction workers and excavation efficiency.

[0003] Currently, temporary support for coal mine roadways mostly uses single hydraulic props in conjunction with hinged beams to support the unsupported roof area. In this support method, the single hydraulic props and hinged beams rely on manual handling and installation, which is labor-intensive and prone to safety accidents.

[0004] Furthermore, this support method does not include support for the sidewalls of coal mine roadways. During tunneling, the rock mass on both sides of the roadway cross-section may become fractured or loosened due to stress redistribution caused by blasting impact. Without effective support, rock fragments are prone to falling off, which not only poses a risk of injuring workers but also narrows the passable area of ​​the roadway. A large amount of falling rock may even lead to a roadway collapse accident.

[0005] Therefore, in order to improve the overall stability of the tunnel structure and the safety of personnel operations, a tunnel support device is needed that can provide comprehensive support to the tunnel sidewalls while supporting the tunnel roof. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In practical applications, the sidewalls of a roadway can be supported by installing side protection plates facing the sidewalls.

[0007] The inventors discovered that due to the uneven shape of the tunnel floor, which may contain depressions and protrusions, and the potential slope of the tunnel floor, the height of the sidewalls at different locations within the tunnel may vary, and the heights on both sides of the tunnel may also differ. Therefore, it is impossible to provide comprehensive support for the tunnel sidewalls using sidewalls with a fixed shape; only a portion of the sidewalls can be supported. However, during the tunnel's formation, all areas of the sidewalls are impacted and become loose. Supporting only a portion of the tunnel sidewalls still cannot prevent the risk of unsupported gravel falling off the tunnel sidewalls.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the inventors creatively proposed to add a side plate extension that can extend downwards to the side plate. When the side plate abuts against the uppermost part of the roadway sidewall, the side plate extension extends to the roadway floor, thereby eliminating the blind spot of roadway sidewall support and achieving comprehensive support for the roadway sidewall within a certain length range.

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a roadway support device that can provide comprehensive support for the roadway sidewalls while supporting the roadway roof.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention provides a roadway support device, comprising: The system includes a front-end component and a rear-end component, each comprising a front-end support column and a rear-end support column with a telescopic mechanism; a drive unit connected between the front-end component and the rear-end component to drive the front-end component and the rear-end component to move closer to or further away from each other; and a roof support component installed on top of the front-end support column and the rear-end support column to be driven by the telescopic mechanism to support the roadway roof. Side support components are provided on both sides of the roof support component. The side support components include a side drive mechanism and a side guard plate that is driven to the side drive mechanism. The side guard plate includes a side guard plate extension that can extend and retract in the vertical direction. When the side guard plate is driven by the side drive mechanism to support the roadway sidewall, the side guard plate extension extends downward to its bottom end and abuts against the roadway floor.

[0011] In some embodiments, a groove is provided on the side guard plate, the side guard plate extension is slidably installed into the groove, and a baffle is provided at the top of the side guard plate extension to prevent the side guard plate extension from sliding out of the groove.

[0012] In some embodiments, a screw is threaded onto one side of the side guard plate, and a plurality of threaded holes distributed along the height direction are provided on the extension of the side guard plate. The screw can be threadedly connected to the threaded holes to position the length of the extension of the side guard plate extending out of the slide groove.

[0013] In some embodiments, the front-end component includes a front-end base, a front-end support column is vertically disposed on the front-end base, the rear-end component includes a rear-end base, a rear-end support column is vertically disposed on the rear-end base, and a drive unit is connected between the front-end base and the rear-end base.

[0014] In some embodiments, the rear base is provided with at least two rear support columns, and the top of the rear support column is provided with a mounting seat. A sliding part is fixedly installed in the mounting seat, and a sliding engagement part is correspondingly provided at the bottom of the top plate support assembly. The sliding part and the sliding engagement part cooperate to allow the top plate support assembly to slide relative to the rear support column.

[0015] In some embodiments, the front base has a wedge-shaped front end, and a wedge-shaped guard plate facing the forward direction is mounted on the front support.

[0016] In some embodiments, the front-end assembly further includes a bracket disposed on the front-end base, the top of the bracket being provided with a connecting rod, and the bottom of the top plate support assembly being provided with a connecting slot corresponding to the connecting rod, so that the connecting rod can be inserted into the connecting slot when the top plate support assembly is lowered.

[0017] In some embodiments, the drive unit is configured as a telescopic mechanism, which pushes the front end component forward when the drive unit extends and pulls the rear end component forward when the drive unit retracts.

[0018] In some embodiments, the rear-end component further includes a retractable support post with a cap at its top, the support post being able to extend such that the cap abuts against the tunnel roof.

[0019] In some embodiments, the column cap has a placement slot for placing and supporting the reinforcement component.

[0020] In some embodiments, the top plate support assembly includes side longitudinal beams and a middle longitudinal beam, with a crossbeam provided between the side longitudinal beams and the middle longitudinal beam, and hooks for hanging metal mesh provided on the inner side of the side longitudinal beams and on both sides of the middle longitudinal beam.

[0021] In some embodiments, the front-end component and / or the rear-end component are further provided with a side correction mechanism, which extends and retracts to both sides of the front-end component or the rear-end component to correct the position of the front-end component or the rear-end component relative to the sidewall of the roadway.

[0022] A second aspect of the present invention provides a mining production line comprising the aforementioned roadway support device.

[0023] A third aspect of the present invention provides a method for roadway support, comprising the following steps: S1: Set the roadway support device to have a roof support component height that is less than the roadway height, and transport the roadway support device to the open roof area of ​​the roadway. S2: The front and rear pillars in the roadway support device raise the roof support components until the roof support components support the roadway roof, forming temporary support for the roadway roof. S3: The side drive mechanisms on both sides of the roof support assembly drive the side guard plate to move towards the roadway sidewall until the side guard plate supports the roadway sidewall, forming temporary support for the roadway sidewall. S4: Workers install permanent supports in the open roof area; S5: The side panels in the roadway support device retract, and the roof support assembly is driven to a height lower than the roadway height to end the support and be able to move forward.

[0024] S6: The drive unit drives the roadway support device forward to the part of the roadway roof area where no permanent support is installed; and, before performing step S3, the following steps are also included: the side plate extension under the side plate extends until the side plate extension abuts against the roadway floor.

[0025] In the above technical solution, when using the roadway support device, the front and rear supports remain shortened, ensuring that the roof support assembly does not contact the roadway roof. This allows the roadway support device to advance along the roadway or be transported to the location requiring support. Upon reaching the location requiring support, the front and rear supports simultaneously rise to raise the roof support assembly until it abuts against the roadway roof and provides support. The side plates on both sides of the roof support assembly are then driven by the side drive mechanism to move towards the roadway sidewalls until they abut against the roadway sidewalls and provide support. At this point, the side plate extensions are extended until the bottom end of the side plate extension contacts the roadway floor. The roof support assembly abuts against the roof of the roadway, so the side panels set on both sides of the roof support assembly can also abut against the highest point of the roadway sidewall. The extension of the side panel extends to the lowest point of the roadway sidewall. Therefore, the roadway sidewall is supported by the side panels and the extension of the side panels throughout the entire height range, forming a comprehensive support for the roadway sidewall.

[0026] Specifically, the side guard plate extension is configured as a sliding plate slidably connected to the inside of the side guard plate. Correspondingly, the inside of the side guard plate has a sliding groove sized to accommodate the side guard plate extension, allowing it to slide downwards until it contacts the tunnel floor. Simultaneously, a limiting device is installed in the sliding groove. When the side guard plate extension needs to be retracted, it is pulled back into the sliding groove, and the limiting device extends to prevent the side guard plate from sliding downwards under gravity.

[0027] The roadway support device provided by this invention can simultaneously support the roadway roof and sidewalls, and can support the sidewalls across a range of roadway height, thereby achieving comprehensive support for the roadway sidewalls. While achieving automatic support, the roadway support device simultaneously provides comprehensive support for both the roadway roof and sidewalls, saving manpower and eliminating the dangers of manual installation. Furthermore, by providing comprehensive support for the sidewalls, it reduces the safety risks arising from loosening of the roadway sidewalls. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the roadway support device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the roadway support device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the roadway support device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is for Figure 3 Enlarged view of section A; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front-end and rear-end components in one embodiment of the tunnel support device provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the roof support component of an embodiment of the roadway support device provided by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the crossbeam structure of an embodiment of the roadway support device provided by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sidewall support component of an embodiment of the roadway support device provided by the present invention; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of section B; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the roadway support device provided by the present invention during its movement. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the roadway support device provided by the present invention during its movement.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1. Front-end assembly; 11. Front-end base; 12. Front-end support column; 13. Bracket; 14. Connecting rod; 15. Wedge-shaped guard plate; 16. Wedge-shaped front end; 2. Rear-end assembly; 21. Rear-end base; 22. Rear-end support column; 23. Mounting seat; 24. Sliding part; 25. Connecting beam; 26. Support column; 27. Column cap; 28. Placement slot; 3. Drive unit; 4. Top plate support assembly; 41. Side longitudinal beam; 411. Sliding mating part; 412. Connecting slot; 413. Limiting slot; 42. Middle longitudinal beam; 43. Crossbeam; 431. Corner; 44. Hook; 45. Supporting round rod; 5. Side support assembly; 51. Side guard plate; 52. Limiting plate; 53. Side guard plate extension; 54. Slide groove; 55. Baffle; 56. Side drive mechanism; 57. Screw; 58. Threaded hole; 6. Side correction mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of the present invention by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

[0032] These embodiments are provided to make the invention thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, material composition, numerical expressions, and values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0033] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the permissible range of error. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the permissible range of error. Terms such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the element preceding the word encompasses the element listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of encompassing other elements as well.

[0035] It should also be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention depending on the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intermediary device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first or second device.

[0036] All terms used in this invention have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.

[0037] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.

[0038] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a roadway support device, such as... Figures 1-11 As shown, it includes: The front-end component 1 and the back-end component 2 each include a front-end support column 12 and a back-end support column 22 with telescopic mechanisms. A drive unit 3 is connected between the front end component 1 and the rear end component 2 to drive the front end component 1 and the rear end component 2 to move closer or further away from each other; and a roof support component 4 is installed on the top of the front end support column 12 and the rear end support column 22 to be driven by a telescopic mechanism to support the roadway roof. Side support components 5 are provided on both sides of the roof support component 4. The side support component 5 includes a side drive mechanism 56 and a side guard plate 51 that is driven to the side drive mechanism 56. The side guard plate 51 includes a side guard plate extension 53 that can be extended and retracted in the vertical direction. When the side guard plate 51 is driven by the side drive mechanism 56 to support the roadway side, the side guard plate extension 53 extends downward to its bottom end and abuts against the roadway floor.

[0039] In the above technical solution, when using the roadway support device, the front support column 12 and the rear support column 22 remain in a shortened state, so that the roof support component 4 does not contact the roadway roof. Figure 11As shown, the roadway support device can be transported to the location within the roadway where support is required. Upon reaching the location requiring support, the front support column 12 and the rear support column 22 simultaneously rise to raise the roof support assembly 4 until the roof support assembly 4 abuts against the roadway roof and forms support for the roadway roof. The side guard plates 51 on both sides of the roof support assembly 4 are then driven by the side drive mechanism 56 to move towards the sidewalls of the roadway until the side guard plates 51 abut against the sidewalls of the roadway and form support for the sidewalls of the roadway. At this time, the side guard plate extension 53 on the side guard plate 51 is extended until the bottom end of the side guard plate extension 53 contacts the roadway floor. The roof support assembly 4 abuts against the roof of the roadway, so the side guards 51 set on both sides of the roof support assembly 4 can also abut against the highest point of the roadway sidewall, and the side guard extension 53 extends to the lowest point of the roadway sidewall. Therefore, the roadway sidewall is supported by the side guards 51 and the side guard extension 53 throughout the entire height range, forming a comprehensive support for the roadway sidewall.

[0040] The side guard plate extension 53 can be configured as a sliding plate slidably connected to the inside of the side guard plate 51. The side guard plate 51 is correspondingly provided with a sliding groove of a size that can accommodate the side guard plate extension 53, so that the side guard plate extension 53 can slide downwards to contact the tunnel floor. At the same time, a limiting device is also provided in the sliding groove. When it is necessary to retract the side guard plate extension 53, the side guard plate extension is retracted into the sliding groove, and the limiting device extends to prevent the side guard plate extension from sliding downwards under the action of gravity.

[0041] The side drive mechanism 56 can be configured as any drive device capable of driving the side guard plate 51 to perform reciprocating linear motion, such as a hydraulic cylinder, electric push rod, or linear motor.

[0042] The drive unit 3 can be any component with a driving function that can drive the front end component 1 and the rear end component 2 to move closer or further apart from each other, such as a hydraulic cylinder, an electric push rod, or a motor that can rotate in both directions and a corresponding transmission rail, thereby realizing the adjustment of the overall length of the roadway support device.

[0043] The drive unit 3 allows the front-end component 1 and the rear-end component 2 to move closer to or further apart from each other, thereby changing the position of the front-end support column 12 and the rear-end support column 22 when supporting the roof support component 4, depending on different situations. In some cases, certain areas of the roadway roof are relatively loose. In this case, the drive unit can adjust the position of the front-end support column 12 and the rear-end support column 22 so that they are closer to the area below the loosened position, thus directly supporting the loosened area and preventing the roof support component 4 from breaking and causing support failure if the loosened area collapses.

[0044] When the drive unit 3 drives the front end component 1 and the rear end component 2, the tops of the front end support 12 and the rear end support 22 are fixed below the top plate support component 4. When the front end component 1 and the rear end component 2 move, the bottoms of the front end support 12 and the rear end support 22 will be moved, while the tops will be fixed and unable to move, which will eventually cause the front end support 12 and the rear end support 22 to break.

[0045] To avoid the aforementioned problems, the roof support assembly 4 can be configured as separate front and rear sections, slidably connected by a sliding component. The front support column 12 is connected to the front section of the roof support assembly, and the rear support column 22 is connected to the rear section. A slide rail is provided between the front and rear sections, allowing them to slide closer or further apart. When the drive unit 3 moves the front and rear components, the front and rear support columns 12 and 22 are driven, which in turn causes the front and rear sections of the roof support assembly connected to them to slide, thus preventing the front and rear support columns 12 and 22 from breaking. Alternatively, a sliding part 24 can be provided on the top of the front and / or rear support columns 22, and a sliding engagement part 411 cooperating with the sliding part 24 can be provided at a corresponding position on the bottom surface of the roof support assembly 4.

[0046] Meanwhile, the drive unit 3 can also be configured to push the front-end component 1 forward when the moving resistance of the rear-end component 2 is greater than that of the front-end component 1, and pull the rear-end component 2 forward when the moving resistance of the front-end component 1 is greater than that of the rear-end component 2, thereby driving the roadway support component to move in the roadway through the reciprocating motion described above.

[0047] The roadway support device provided by this invention can simultaneously support the roadway roof and sidewalls, and can support the sidewalls across a range of roadway height, thereby achieving comprehensive support for the roadway sidewalls. While achieving automatic support, the roadway support device provides comprehensive support for both the roadway roof and sidewalls, saving manpower and eliminating the dangers of manual installation. Furthermore, by providing comprehensive support for the sidewalls, it reduces the safety risks arising from loosening of the roadway sidewalls.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 8As shown, a limiting plate 52 is provided on one side of the top of the side guard plate 51, and a limiting groove 413 is provided on the side of the top plate support assembly 4, which can cooperate with the limiting plate 52 and slide relative to it, so as to limit the side guard plate 51 when it is pushed to move closer to or away from the roadway sidewall. The length of the internal accommodating space of the limiting plate 52 and the limiting groove 413 is set such that the length in the direction facing the roadway sidewall is greater than the maximum extension length of the side drive mechanism 56, so as to prevent the limiting plate 52 from sliding out of the limiting groove 413 when the side guard plate 51 is driven to move towards the roadway sidewall, causing the side guard plate 51 to fall off.

[0049] The limiting groove 413 provides support to the limiting plate 52, thereby supporting the weight of the side guard plate 51. The side guard plate 51 is connected to the side drive mechanism 56. If there is no other supporting force and the side drive mechanism 56 alone supports the weight of the side guard plate 51, the side drive mechanism 56 may be subjected to a downward force, causing its movement to be uneven, or even potentially damaging it. The limiting groove 413 allows the supporting plate 52 to support the side guard plate 51, thus sharing the weight of the side guard plate 51 and preventing the aforementioned problems from occurring with the side drive mechanism 56.

[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the limiting groove 413 is disposed at the top of the side of the top plate support assembly 4, and the side drive mechanism 56 is disposed at the bottom of the side of the top plate support assembly 4. With the above arrangement, the limiting groove 413 can bear more of the weight of the side guard plate 51, thereby preventing the side drive mechanism 56 from malfunctioning due to bearing the weight of the side guard plate 51.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a groove 54 is provided on the side guard plate 51, the side guard plate extension 53 is slidably installed into the groove 54, and a baffle 55 is provided at the top of the side guard plate extension 53 to prevent the side guard plate extension 53 from sliding out of the groove 54.

[0052] The inner surface of the side guard plate 51 is longitudinally provided with a sliding groove 54, which extends vertically to facilitate the extension and retraction of the side guard plate extension 53. A pair of vertically parallel guide walls are machined into the inner surface of the side guard plate 51, with the distance between the walls slightly greater than the width of the side guard plate extension 53 to ensure smooth sliding of the side guard plate extension 53 without significant wobbling. The length of the sliding groove 54 matches the length of the side guard plate extension 53, i.e., its maximum extension, so that the top of the side guard plate extension 53 in the retracted state is not lower than the top of the sliding groove, and its bottom end can abut against the tunnel floor in the fully extended state.

[0053] The side guard plate extension 53 can be a sliding plate conforming to the shape of the inner wall of the slide groove 54, and can slide freely within the slide groove 54. To prevent the side guard plate extension 53 from completely sliding out of the slide groove 54 and falling off under the action of gravity or vibration, a baffle 55 with a size slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the opening of the slide groove 54 is provided at the top of the side guard plate extension 53, so as to lock the side guard plate extension 53 and prevent it from sliding out when it is about to slide out of the slide groove 54.

[0054] In some embodiments, the top of the chute 54 may be provided with a fixing mechanism that can fix the baffle 55 and release it, for example, forming a slot that can cooperate with the baffle 55. When the side guard plate extension 53 is retracted, the baffle 55 cooperates with the aforementioned slot, thereby fixing the baffle 55 and preventing the side guard plate extension 53 from sliding out in the retracted state; when it needs to extend, the slot is adjusted so that the baffle 55 can move freely, allowing the side guard plate extension 53 to slide freely to the bottom end to contact the roadway floor, forming full support for the roadway sidewall.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , 8 As shown in Figure 9, the sidewall support assembly 5 can be configured to include multiple interconnected sidewall plates 51, each of which is provided with a sliding groove 54 and a sidewall plate extension 53. Through the multiple sidewall plates 51 and multiple sidewall plate extensions 53, comprehensive support can be achieved for a larger area of ​​the roadway sidewall.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the side support plate 51 in the side support assembly 5 can be provided with a rake-like structure. Each of the downwardly extending portions of this rake-like structure has a groove 54 and a side support plate extension 53. The lower portions of the rake-like side support plates 51 are staggered and have gaps, so that when the side support plate extension 53 extends from the groove 54 and forms support for the roadway sidewall, a gap can be left in the exposed roadway sidewall, allowing workers to use the exposed roadway sidewall in this gap as a base for installing support on the roadway sidewall.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, a screw 57 is threadedly installed on one side of the side guard plate 51, and a plurality of threaded holes 58 distributed along the height direction are provided on the side guard plate extension 53. The screw 57 can be threadedly connected to the threaded holes 58 to position the length of the side guard plate extension 53 extending out of the slide groove 54.

[0058] The opening of the chute 54 is provided with a groove wall that surrounds the chute 54. A screw 57, passing through at least a portion of the groove wall, is provided along the thickness direction of the groove wall. Multiple threaded holes 58 are provided on the side guard plate extension 53 along its vertical height. The screw 57 passes through the groove wall of the chute 54 and is screwed into the threaded holes 58 to fix the relative position between the side guard plate extension 53 and the chute 54, thereby fixing the distance by which the side guard plate extension 53 extends beyond the chute 54. During use, the side guard plate extension 53 is first moved up and down within the chute 54 to a predetermined position as needed. Then, the screw 57 is tightened to engage and lock with the corresponding threaded hole 58 on the side guard plate extension 53. This achieves precise adjustment and fixation of the extension length of the side guard plate extension 53, ensuring that the side guard plate extension 53 does not accidentally loosen or slide under tunnel vibration or load.

[0059] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the bottom end of the side guard plate extension 53 may be provided with a threaded hole 58. When the screw 57 engages with the threaded hole 58, the top end of the side guard plate extension 53 contacts the top end inside the slide groove 54. Through this specially provided threaded hole 58, the screw 57 can fix the side guard plate extension 53 in the retracted state, preventing it from accidentally sliding out of the slide groove 54 in the retracted state.

[0060] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the front-end component 1 includes a front-end base 11, and a front-end support column 12 is vertically disposed on the front-end base 11. The rear-end component 2 includes a rear-end base 21, and a rear-end support column 22 is vertically disposed on the rear-end base 21. The drive unit 3 is connected between the front-end base 11 and the rear-end base 21.

[0061] The front base 11 and the rear base 21 can be configured as any structure capable of contacting the roadway floor, thereby allowing the roadway support device to be stably placed in the roadway, such as a flat metal plate. The front support column 12 and the rear support column 22 are fixedly mounted on the front base 11 in a vertical direction.

[0062] The two ends of the drive unit 3 are fixedly connected to the front base 11 and the rear base 21 respectively, so that the hydraulic cylinder can drive the front component 1 and the rear component 2 to make linear reciprocating motion in the opposite direction during the extension and retraction process, thereby realizing the adjustment of the overall length of the roadway support device.

[0063] In actual use, the bottom ends of the front support column 12 and the rear support column 22 are respectively mounted on the front base 11 and the rear base 21, and their top ends are respectively connected to the top plate support assembly 4. Without the aforementioned sliding part 24 and sliding engagement part 411, when the drive part 3 extends or retracts, the front base 11 and the rear base 21 are driven to move closer to each other or further away from each other. The bottom ends of the front support column 12 and the rear support column 22 are also driven to move closer to each other or further away from each other. However, the top ends of the front support column 12 and the rear support column 22 are fixed on the top plate support assembly 4 and cannot be driven along with their bottom ends. This will cause the top and bottom ends of the front support column 12 and the rear support column 22 to not coincide in the vertical direction, that is, the front support column 12 and the rear support column 22 will bend. This will not only damage the telescopic mechanism inside the front support column 12 and the rear support column 22, but may also cause the front support column 12 and the rear support column 22 to deform or even break.

[0064] To solve the above problems, the roof support assembly 4 can be set as a separate front part and a rear part of the roof support assembly, and the two can be slidably connected by a sliding component, so that the front part and the rear part of the roof support assembly can slide between each other and are respectively driven by the front column 12 and the rear column 22 connected below to move closer or further away from each other.

[0065] However, in the above scheme, when the drive unit 3 is extended, the roof support assembly 4 separates in the middle, and the roof area between the front and rear parts of the roof support assembly is unsupported, resulting in a decrease in the support area of ​​the roadway support device for the roof. Simultaneously, by separating the front and rear parts of the roof support assembly and supporting them with front-end support column 12 and rear-end support column 22, loosening occurs at specific locations on the roof. When the load on the front and rear parts of the roof support assembly 4 is inconsistent, the front-end support column 12 and rear-end support column 22 can only support their corresponding parts, failing to support the other part. This leads to uneven force distribution on the front-end support column 12 and rear-end support column 22, reducing the support effect of the front-end support column 12 and rear-end support column 22 on the roof support assembly 4.

[0066] To address the above problems, some embodiments of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, at least two rear support columns 22 are provided on the rear base 21, and a mounting seat 23 is provided on the top of the rear support column 22. A sliding part 24 is fixedly provided in the mounting seat 23, and a sliding mating part 411 is correspondingly provided on the bottom of the top plate support assembly 4. The sliding part 24 and the sliding mating part 411 cooperate to allow the top plate support assembly 4 to slide relative to the rear support column 22.

[0067] The sliding part 24 and the sliding engagement part 411 can be any combination of components capable of sliding engagement. For example, the mounting base 23 can be a roller mounting groove, the sliding part 24 can be a roller fixedly installed in the mounting base 23, and the sliding engagement part 411 can be a rolling groove adapted to the roller. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown; or the sliding fit part 411 is a slide rail, and the sliding part 24 is a sliding member that slides with the slide rail.

[0068] With the sliding part 24 and sliding engagement part 411 provided in this embodiment, when the roadway support assembly moves forward along the roadway under the drive of the drive part 3, and the drive part 3 shortens from the extended state to the shortened state, it drives the rear end assembly 2 to move forward as a whole. At this time, the sliding part 24 and the sliding engagement part 411 slide together, so that the top end of the rear end support 22 can slide relative to the roof support assembly 4. Conversely, when the drive part 3 extends from the shortened state to the extended state, the top end of the rear end support 22 can slide and move backward. With the above arrangement, bending of the top front end support 12 or the rear end support 22 can be avoided during the extension and retraction of the drive part 3.

[0069] The stroke length of the sliding part 24 in the sliding mating part 411 is set to be greater than or equal to the extension stroke of the drive part 3, so that when the drive part 3 extends to any length, the rear support column 22 can slide correspondingly through the sliding part 24, and there will be no situation where the length of the sliding mating part 411 is too short, causing the sliding part 24 to get stuck and the rear support column 22 to be bent.

[0070] This structure ensures that the roof support assembly 4 remains in contact with and can slide relative to the rear support 22 throughout the entire lifting range of the rear support 22.

[0071] In some embodiments, the mounting base 23 is configured as a roller mounting groove, the sliding part 24 is a roller fixedly installed in the mounting base 23, and the sliding mating part 411 is a rolling groove adapted to the roller. Compared with the slide rail provided below the roof support assembly 4, the roller structure is simpler and more suitable for working environments with a lot of dust in the roadway. It does not require frequent dust removal or lubrication, and can reduce the probability of failure of the roadway support device.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, a connecting beam 25 is fixedly installed between the two rear-end supports 22 to increase the stability of the rear-end assembly 2. This connecting beam 25 can be installed at the top of the rear-end supports 22, as shown. Figure 5 As shown, this allows the two corresponding rear support columns 22 to slide synchronously during sliding, so that when the rear support columns 22 support the top plate support assembly 4, they can form symmetrical fulcrums on the left and right sides, ensuring that the forces borne by each rear support column 22 are basically the same, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the rear support columns 22 due to excessive load.

[0073] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the front base 11 has a wedge-shaped front end 16, and a wedge-shaped guard plate 15 facing the forward direction is installed on the front support 12.

[0074] With the wedge-shaped front end 16, when its wedge-shaped profile contacts the ground, it can pry open loose rocks or debris on the ground during tunnel travel, thereby reducing the obstruction of the base and obstacles and avoiding the situation where the tunnel support device cannot move forward due to obstacles in the tunnel.

[0075] A wedge-shaped guard plate 15 is fixedly installed on the front side of the front support 12. The wedge-shaped guard plate 15 faces the direction of travel of the roadway support device. Its wedge-shaped contour can push away obstacles in the roadway, thereby reducing the resistance encountered by the roadway support device when it moves forward.

[0076] During the advancement of the roadway support device, the wedge-shaped guard plate 15 can pre-guide and divert rock debris or collapsed material in the direction of advancement of the roadway support device to both sides of the roadway support device, and further guide and divert it by the wedge-shaped front end 16. Through the synergistic effect of the double wedge structure, the direct impact force and frictional resistance between the base and the rock are significantly reduced, which not only protects the front base 11 and the front support 12, but also improves the passage efficiency of the roadway support device in complex roadway environments.

[0077] In some embodiments, the front end assembly 1 further includes a bracket 13 disposed on the front end base 11. The top end of the bracket 13 is provided with a connecting rod 14, and the bottom end of the top plate support assembly 4 is provided with a connecting slot 412 corresponding to the connecting rod 14, so that when the top plate support assembly 4 is lowered, the connecting rod 14 can be inserted into the connecting slot 412.

[0078] The bracket 13 is fixed to the front base 11 and extends upward, with an insertion pin integrated with the connecting rod 14 at its top. Multiple connecting slots 412 are formed at corresponding positions on the bottom of the top plate support assembly 4, the size of which matches the rod 14. When the front and rear pillars 12 and 22 are retracted to lower the top plate support assembly 4 to a non-supported state, the connecting rod 14 automatically slides into the connecting slot 412, achieving initial horizontal positioning and load-bearing of the top plate support assembly 4.

[0079] When the front support column 12 shortens, the drive top plate support assembly 4 of the front support column 12 descends, and the connecting rod 14 inserts into the connecting slot 412, achieving a mating fit. Subsequently, the drive unit 3 begins to drive the front assembly 1 forward. During the pushing process of the hydraulic cylinder of the drive unit 3, the force of the drive unit 3 acts only on the front base 11, and the front support column 12 on the front base 11 then drives the top plate support assembly 4. Without the bracket 13, relying solely on the front support column 12 to drive the top plate support assembly 4 can easily exceed the torque that the front support column 12 can withstand, causing it to bend. By setting the bracket 13, the bracket 13 and the front support column 12 simultaneously drive the top plate support assembly 4, preventing the front support column 12 from bending during the movement of the front assembly 1.

[0080] In some embodiments, the drive unit 3 is configured as a telescopic mechanism, which pushes the front end component 1 forward when the drive unit 3 extends and pulls the rear end component 2 forward when the drive unit 3 shortens.

[0081] With the drive unit 3, the roadway support device provided by the present invention can move autonomously along the roadway and support other parts of other roadways after the support task of a certain roadway is completed.

[0082] When the drive unit 3 moves the roadway support device, it can extend or retract, thereby causing the front-end component 1 and the rear-end component 2 to move closer or further apart. When the resistance experienced by one of the front-end component 1 and the rear-end component 2 is greater than that experienced by the other, the component experiencing greater resistance will remain stationary when the drive unit 3 retracts or extends, while the component experiencing less resistance will be driven to move closer or further away from the component experiencing greater resistance. Therefore, by changing the magnitude of the resistance experienced by the front-end component 1 and the rear-end component 2 during movement, the driven component in the front-end component 1 and the rear-end component 2 can be changed. When the drive unit 3 is in the retracted state, the resistance experienced by the front-end component 1 is less than that experienced by the rear-end component 2, and the drive unit 3 can push the front-end component 1 forward during the process of extending from the retracted state to the retracted state; when the drive unit 3 is in the retracted state, the resistance experienced by the front-end component 1 is greater than that experienced by the rear-end component 2, and the drive unit 3 can pull the rear-end component 2 forward during the process of retracting from the retracted state to the retracted state. Therefore, as long as the resistance encountered by the front-end component 1 and the rear-end component 2 during movement can be adjusted, the roadway support device can be driven forward by the drive unit 3 in the above manner.

[0083] Furthermore, when the drive unit 3 is in the shortened state, the resistance experienced by the front-end component 1 is greater than the resistance experienced by the rear-end component 2. During the process of extending from the shortened state to the extended state, the drive unit 3 can push the rear-end component 2 backward. When the drive unit 3 is in the extended state, the resistance experienced by the front-end component 1 is less than the resistance experienced by the rear-end component 2. During the process of shortening from the extended state to the shortened state, the drive unit 3 can pull the front-end component 1 forward. In this way, the roadway support device can be driven to retreat backward in the roadway by the drive unit 3.

[0084] In various embodiments of the present invention, the moving resistance experienced by the front-end component 1 and the rear-end component 2 can be made different from each other through any structure or method, and can be switched at any time so that the resistance experienced by the front-end component 1 is greater than the resistance experienced by the rear-end component 2, and the resistance experienced by the front-end component 1 is less than the resistance experienced by the rear-end component 2. For example, by fixing pins that can be inserted downward into the tunnel floor or pulled upward into the front-end component 1 and the rear-end component 2 respectively, the fixing pins can be inserted into the tunnel floor when it is necessary to increase the resistance, and pulled out when it is necessary to reduce the resistance, so that the tunnel support device can move in the aforementioned manner.

[0085] Alternatively, the friction between the roof support assembly 4 and the roadway roof can be adjusted using the front support 12 and the rear support 22 to adjust the movement resistance of the front assembly 1 and the rear assembly 2. When the front assembly 1 or the rear assembly needs to be set to low movement resistance, the front support 12 or the rear support 22 can be shortened accordingly until the part of the roof support assembly above the front assembly 1 or the rear assembly 2 does not contact the roadway roof, thereby reducing or eliminating the frictional resistance brought by the roof above the assembly; when the front assembly 1 or the rear assembly needs to be set to high movement resistance, the front support 12 or the rear support 22 can be extended accordingly until the part of the roof support assembly above the front assembly 1 or the rear assembly 2 presses against the roadway roof, thereby increasing the frictional resistance brought by the roof above the assembly.

[0086] When the roadway support device moves forward, the front support column 12 is shortened and the rear support column 22 is extended, so that the front part of the roof support assembly 4 in the forward direction does not contact the roadway roof, while the rear part remains in contact with the roadway roof. This makes the moving resistance of the front component 1 less than that of the rear component 2. At this time, the drive unit 3 extends from the shortened state to the extended state, pushing the front component 1 forward. After the drive unit 3 is fully extended, the front support column 12 is extended and the rear support column 22 is shortened, so that the front part of the roof support assembly 4 in the forward direction contacts the roadway roof, while the rear part does not contact the roadway roof. This makes the moving resistance of the front component 1 greater than that of the rear component 2. At this time, the drive unit 3 shortens from the extended state to the shortened state, pulling the rear component 2 forward. By repeating the above steps, the roadway support device can move forward in the roadway.

[0087] In some embodiments, when the drive unit 3 extends, it pushes the rear end component 2 backward; when the drive unit 3 shortens, it pulls the front end component 1 forward. By adjusting the correspondence between the resistance experienced by the front end component 1 and the rear end component 2 and the movement of the drive unit 3, the backward movement of the roadway support component can be achieved.

[0088] When the roadway support device retracts, the front support column 12 extends and the rear support column 22 shortens, so that the front portion of the roof support assembly 4 above the front component 1 contacts the roadway roof, and the rear portion above the rear component 2 contacts the roadway roof. This results in the front component 1 experiencing greater resistance to movement than the rear component 2. At this time, the drive unit 3 extends from the shortened state to the extended state, pushing the rear component 2 backward. After the drive unit 3 is fully extended, the front support column 12 shortens and the rear support column 22 extends, so that the front portion of the roof support assembly 4 above the front component 1 contacts the roadway roof, while the rear portion above the rear component 2 does not contact the roadway roof. This results in the front component 1 experiencing less resistance to movement than the rear component 2. At this time, the drive unit 3 shortens from the extended state to the shortened state, pulling the front component 1 backward.

[0089] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the rear-end component 2 also includes a retractable support column 26, which has a column cap 27 at its top end. The support column 26 can extend such that the column cap 27 abuts against the tunnel roof.

[0090] The support column 26 is mounted on the rear base 21, and a column cap 27 is fixedly mounted on its top end, which can contact the tunnel roof. When the column cap 27 abuts against the tunnel roof, its contact area is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the support column 26, thereby providing a better support effect.

[0091] The contact surface between the column cap 27 and the roof can be made of a soft material, such as an elastic pad design, to fully fit the uneven roadway roof, so that the entire column cap 27 can contact the roadway roof and bear the load, preventing the load from being too concentrated and causing damage to the column cap 27.

[0092] Based on the roof support component 4, this structure can further provide independent support for the roadway roof, thereby providing a better support effect.

[0093] Based on this, during the movement of the roadway support device, the support column 26 can also provide additional moving resistance to the rear component 2, so that the drive unit 3 can push the front component 1 forward with greater force, thereby pushing away the obstacles in front of the roadway.

[0094] When the roadway support device moves, there may be obstacles such as gravel in front of the roadway. The thrust provided by the drive unit 3 determines whether the front-end component 1 can push aside the obstacles and move forward. In addition to the force output by the drive unit 3, the force that the drive unit 3 can provide to push the front-end component 1 forward also depends on the moving resistance of the rear-end component 2, that is, the reaction force that the rear-end component 2 can provide to the front-end component 1 when the drive unit 3 extends. Before the drive unit 3 extends and pushes the front-end component 1 forward, the support column 26 first presses against the roadway roof, thereby providing additional moving resistance to the rear-end component 2, that is, providing more reaction force to the front-end component 1, so that the drive unit 3 can provide more thrust, thereby pushing aside the obstacles in the direction of travel in the roadway, and allowing the roadway support device to move forward along the roadway.

[0095] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the column cap 27 has a placement groove 28 for placing and supporting the reinforcement.

[0096] The top surface of the column cap 27 is provided with a placement groove 28 for placing the reinforcement. The shape of the placement groove 28 matches the reinforcement to ensure that the reinforcement can be stably embedded without displacement.

[0097] Depending on the actual situation, reinforcement components can be set up with different shapes and materials to form good support or facilitate good support conditions. For example, for roadway roofs that need to be reinforced by reinforcement components fixed to the roadway roof, the reinforcement components can be set up as H-shaped steel that can be fixed to the roadway roof by workers; for irregularly shaped roadway roofs, the reinforcement components can be set up as wedge-shaped pads that match or substantially match the shape, so that when fixed to the corresponding position on the roadway roof, they can fit or substantially fit the roadway roof, thereby forming a basically flat roadway roof that is easy to support, facilitating the further installation of support equipment.

[0098] In use, the reinforcement component matching the roof condition is first placed into the placement slot 28, and then the support column 26 is used to abut the column cap 27 along with the reinforcement component against the roadway roof. To prevent the reinforcement component from falling out of the placement slot, the support column 26, which can be automatically raised and lowered, can directly and automatically lift the reinforcement component, reducing the safety risks caused by manually lifting the reinforcement component and providing convenience for workers to install the reinforcement component.

[0099] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the top plate support assembly 4 includes a side longitudinal beam 41 and a middle longitudinal beam 42. A crossbeam 43 is provided between the side longitudinal beam 41 and the middle longitudinal beam 42. Hooks 44 for hanging metal mesh are provided on the inner side of the side longitudinal beam 41 and on both sides of the middle longitudinal beam 42.

[0100] At least two side longitudinal beams 41 are arranged in parallel, and a middle longitudinal beam 42 is arranged parallel to the side longitudinal beams 41 between them. Multiple crossbeams 43, perpendicular to the side longitudinal beams 41 and the middle longitudinal beam 42, are arranged between the side longitudinal beams 41 and the middle longitudinal beam 42, thus forming a rigid frame. Multiple hooks 44 for suspending the metal mesh are fixedly installed on the sides of the side longitudinal beams 41 facing the other side longitudinal beams 41 or the middle longitudinal beam 42, and on both sides of the middle longitudinal beam 42. The size and spacing of these hooks are determined according to the mesh size and unfolding shape of the metal mesh to ensure that the mesh surface can be evenly opened.

[0101] In use, the metal mesh is first hooked onto the hooks 44 on different longitudinal beams on both sides to spread it out. Then, the roof support assembly 4 is raised to a position below the roadway roof to be close to it. Workers then fix the metal mesh to the roadway roof by drilling anchor bolts or using anchor cables. Once the metal mesh is fixed and the roadway support device has completed its support function at its location, and is ready to move along the roadway, the roof support assembly 4 is lowered, and the hooks 44 can detach from the metal mesh. The metal mesh is then fixed to the corresponding position on the roadway roof and continues to provide protection.

[0102] By fixing a metal mesh to the tunnel roof, any loose rocks that may be present on the roof can be caught, preventing localized collapses that could endanger workers. In the tunnel support device provided by this invention, hooks 44 are provided on the roof support component 4 to hold and lift the metal mesh, automatically raising it upwards. This not only facilitates lifting the mesh but also makes it easier for workers to anchor it to the tunnel roof. By using multiple hooks 44, the metal mesh can be spread out as much as possible, preventing it from sagging when installed. This facilitates installation and ensures the installed mesh fits snugly against the tunnel roof.

[0103] In some embodiments, after the metal mesh is fixed to the roadway roof, it can be further fixed to the roadway roof by fasteners, such as short I-beams or steel strips, thereby forming a stable permanent support structure.

[0104] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, multiple crossbeams 43 are provided with opposing slots 431 along their length, facing the side longitudinal beams 41 and the intermediate longitudinal beam 42. The two opposing slots 431 can respectively accommodate the two ends of the supporting round rods 45, ensuring that the supporting round rods 45 are parallel to the side longitudinal beams 41 and the intermediate longitudinal beam 42 when installed within the slots 431. The supporting round rods 45 can engage with the hooks 44 on the side longitudinal beams 41 and the intermediate longitudinal beam 42 to support the metal mesh, further unfolding the mesh, reducing sagging, and facilitating its installation. Simultaneously, the supporting round rods 45 can also support falling rocks and the metal mesh in the event of large falling rocks, thus providing temporary support.

[0105] When installing the support rod 45, first align its two ends with the entrances of their respective slots 431, then push it along the extension direction of the slots 431, causing both ends of the rod to slide into the bottom of the slots and fit tightly against the slot walls, thus completing the positioning and support of the support rod 45. For disassembly, simply slide the support rod 45 in the reverse direction to automatically detach it from the slots, without the need for bolts or other fasteners. Therefore, the support rod 45 can be quickly replaced if damaged.

[0106] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the front-end component 1 and / or the rear-end component 2 are also provided with a side correction mechanism 6. The side correction mechanism 6 extends and retracts to both sides of the front-end component 1 or the rear-end component 2 to correct the position of the front-end component 1 or the rear-end component 2 relative to the sidewall of the roadway.

[0107] The side correction mechanism 6 includes a drive unit that can extend and retract in the horizontal direction and a correction support plate that is connected to it in a transmission manner. The drive unit can be a hydraulic cylinder or a linear motor, with one end fixed to the component base and the other end connected to the correction support plate to drive the correction support plate closer to or away from the sidewall of the roadway.

[0108] When in use, if the device moves forward in the tunnel and tends to deviate from the center line, the side correction mechanism 6 can be activated. The drive device extends the correction support plate until its end face abuts the side wall of the tunnel and generates a lateral thrust. With the help of this thrust, the front end component 1 or the rear end component 2 is corrected to the center position. After the correction is completed, the drive device can retract the support plate so that it is flush with the side wall of the component and resume normal travel.

[0109] This structure can correct the offset in real time during the movement of the device, ensuring that the front end component 1 and the rear end component 2 always remain in the center of the roadway, thereby improving the travel stability and lateral safety of the support device, and reducing component wear and running resistance caused by offset.

[0110] In some embodiments, when the roadway support device moves to a designated area and stops to provide support, the drive unit 3 is set to a shortened state so that within the designated area, the rake-shaped sidewalls 51 form uninterrupted support for the roadway sidewalls.

[0111] When the roadway support device supports an area, because the roof support component 4 directly abuts against the roadway roof, workers cannot directly install support on the roof that the roof support component 4 abuts against, especially the installation of props. In some cases, if props are not installed in the central area of ​​the roadway roof, the support effect will be weakened. To solve the above problems, in some embodiments, when the rear end component 2 of the roadway support component is driven to move forward, one or more additional retractable individual props can be installed first, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the bottom end of the single support column is installed to the roadway floor and directly supports the roof support assembly 4. The top end of the single support column is provided with a groove that can mate with the bottom of the intermediate longitudinal beam 42 in the roof support assembly 4, and the intermediate longitudinal beam 42 and the groove can move relative to each other. When the rear end assembly 2 is driven forward and the rear end support column 22 descends and no longer supports the roof support assembly 4, the installed single support column can provide support for the roof support assembly 4, thereby providing support for the roadway roof. Furthermore, when the front end assembly 1 drives the roof support assembly 4 forward, the roof support assembly 4 can slide relative to the single support column until the roof support assembly 4 leaves the top of the single support column. At this time, the single support column extends to its top end and abuts against the roadway roof or other support components installed on the roadway roof, thus continuing to provide support for the roadway roof.

[0112] By installing individual support pillars, support can be provided when the rear support pillar 22 does not abut against the top plate support assembly 4 during the movement process, thereby preventing the rear of the top plate support assembly 4 from failing due to the lack of support from the rear support pillar 22.

[0113] The aforementioned roadway support device can provide comprehensive support to the roadway sidewalls through the sidewall extension 53 provided in the sidewall 51, thereby preventing loosening at the bottom of the roadway sidewalls and thus preventing collapse. Furthermore, the roadway support device can automatically move along the roadway and automatically support the roadway roof through the roof support assembly 4, which not only reduces labor costs but also improves the efficiency of support and movement.

[0114] A second aspect of the present invention provides a mining production line comprising the aforementioned roadway support device.

[0115] This mining production line may include mining equipment and conveying equipment, which work in conjunction with roadway support equipment to carry out excavation and production operations. In operation, the mining equipment is located at the deepest part of the roadway to carry out mining. The roadway support equipment supports the unsupported roof area of ​​the roadway after mining. The conveying equipment is set on the roadway floor and can receive the minerals collected by the mining equipment and transport them outside the roadway.

[0116] By using the aforementioned roadway support device, the mining production line can automatically and completely support the roof area of ​​the roadway, thereby improving the efficiency of the mining production line in conjunction with the mining equipment capable of rapid excavation. Simultaneously, because the front support column 12 and rear support column 22 in the roadway support device can operate automatically, the manpower required to form temporary supports is reduced, thus lowering the labor costs of the mining production line.

[0117] A third aspect of the present invention provides a method for roadway support, comprising the following steps: S1: Set the roadway support device to be set so that the height of the roof support component 4 is less than the roadway height, and transport the roadway support device to the open roof area of ​​the roadway. S2: The front support column 12 and the rear support column 22 in the roadway support device raise the roof support component 4 until the roof support component 4 supports the roadway roof, forming temporary support for the roadway roof. S3: The side drive mechanisms 56 on both sides of the roof support assembly 4 drive the side guard plate 51 to move towards the side wall of the roadway until the side guard plate 51 supports the side wall of the roadway, forming temporary support for the side wall of the roadway. S4: Workers install permanent supports in the open roof area; S5: The side plate 51 in the roadway support device is retracted, and the roof support assembly 4 is driven to a height lower than the roadway height in order to end the support and be able to move forward. S6: Drive unit 3 drives the roadway support device to move forward to the part of the roadway roof area where no permanent support is installed; and, before performing step S4, the following steps are also included: the side plate extension 53 below the side plate 51 extends until the side plate extension 53 abuts against the roadway floor.

[0118] In step S1, the transport of the roadway support device can be changed to placing the roadway support device at the roadway entrance, and then the roadway support device can move to the open roof position in the roadway by itself.

[0119] In step S6, the roadway support device can be stopped and pushed to the open roof area by external equipment, such as a trolley that can push the roadway support device forward.

[0120] By repeating steps S2 to S6 above, temporary support can be automatically provided for the open roof area in the roadway, and support can be continuously provided for each open roof area in an entire roadway. This not only improves the efficiency of support installation, but also reduces the safety risks that may occur with manual support installation.

[0121] Meanwhile, by adjusting the length of the side guard plate extension 53 in step S4, the sidewalls of the roadway can be supported at various heights, thereby providing more comprehensive support and preventing the bottom of the sidewalls from loosening and collapsing.

[0122] In some embodiments, the step of driving the roadway support device forward in step S6 specifically includes: S6.1: Determine the state of the drive unit 3. If the drive unit 3 is in a shortened state, proceed to step S6.2; if the drive unit 3 is in an extended state, proceed to step S6.3. S6.2: Extend the front support column 12 until the front part of the roof support assembly abuts against the roadway roof, and shorten the rear support column 22 until the rear part of the roof support assembly does not contact the roadway roof. At this time, the drive unit 3 extends from the shortened state to the extended state, thereby pushing the front component 1 forward, and repeating step S6.1. S6.3: Shorten the front support column 12 until the front part of the roof support assembly does not contact the roadway roof, and extend the rear support column 22 until the rear part of the roof support assembly abuts against the roadway roof. At this time, the drive unit 3 shortens from the extended state to the shortened state, thereby pulling the rear component 2 forward, and repeating step S6.1.

[0123] Repeat the above steps until the tunnel support device has advanced to the predetermined position, then stop.

[0124] In the above steps, there is frictional resistance between the part of the roof support component 4 that abuts against the roof and the roof, and there is no frictional resistance between the part of the roof support component 4 that does not contact the roof and the roof. This makes the front component 1 or rear component 2 below the abutting part experience greater movement resistance, so that when the drive unit 3 extends or retracts, it can provide a reaction force for the other front component 1 or rear component 2, thereby enabling the drive unit 3 to push or pull the front component 1 or rear component 2 forward.

[0125] Through the above steps, the roadway support device can be moved within the roadway by the drive unit 3, thereby reducing the equipment and labor costs required to move the roadway support device and improving the moving efficiency of the roadway support device.

[0126] The roadway support method provided by this invention can automatically provide comprehensive support for all locations in the roadway that require support, especially the roof and sidewalls that require support. While ensuring better support effect, it saves labor costs and reduces safety risks in the roadway.

[0127] The various embodiments of the present invention have now been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of the invention, some details known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art will fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein based on the above description.

[0128] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any manner.

Claims

1. A tunnel support device, characterized in that, include: The front-end component (1) and the back-end component (2) respectively include a front-end support (12) and a back-end support (22) with a telescopic mechanism. A drive unit (3) is connected between the front-end component (1) and the rear-end component (2) to drive the front-end component (1) and the rear-end component (2) to move closer or further apart from each other; and A roof support assembly (4) is installed on the top of the front support column (12) and the rear support column (22) so that it can be driven by the telescopic mechanism to support the roadway roof. Side support assemblies (5) are provided on both sides of the roof support assembly (4). The side support assembly (5) includes a side drive mechanism (56) and a side guard plate (51) that is driven to the side drive mechanism (56). The side guard plate (51) includes a side guard plate extension (53) that can be extended and retracted in the vertical direction. When the side guard plate (51) is driven by the side drive mechanism (56) to support the roadway side, the side guard plate extension (53) extends downward to its bottom end and abuts against the roadway floor.

2. The roadway support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side guard plate (51) is provided with a groove (54), the side guard plate extension (53) is slidably installed in the groove (54), and the top end of the side guard plate extension (53) is provided with a baffle (55) for preventing the side guard plate extension (53) from sliding out of the groove (54).

3. The roadway support device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A screw (57) is threadedly installed on one side of the side guard plate (51), and a plurality of threaded holes (58) distributed along the height direction are provided on the side guard plate extension (53). The screw (57) can be threadedly connected to the threaded holes (58) to position the length of the side guard plate extension (53) extending out of the slide groove (54).

4. The roadway support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front-end component (1) includes a front-end base (11), and the front-end support column (12) is vertically disposed on the front-end base (11). The rear-end component (2) includes a rear-end base (21), and the rear-end support column (22) is vertically disposed on the rear-end base (21). The drive unit (3) is connected between the front-end base (11) and the rear-end base (21).

5. The roadway support device according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least two rear support columns (22) are provided on the rear base (21), and a mounting seat (23) is provided on the top of the rear support column (22). A sliding part (24) is fixedly installed in the mounting seat (23). A sliding mating part (411) is correspondingly provided on the bottom of the top plate support assembly (4). The sliding part (24) and the sliding mating part (411) cooperate to allow the top plate support assembly (4) to slide relative to the rear support column (22).

6. The roadway support device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The front base (11) has a wedge-shaped front end (16), and a wedge-shaped guard plate (15) facing the forward direction is installed on the front support (12).

7. The roadway support device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The front end assembly (1) also includes a bracket (13) disposed on the front end base (11). The top of the bracket (13) is provided with a connecting rod (14), and the bottom of the top plate support assembly (4) is provided with a connecting slot (412) corresponding to the connecting rod (14), so that when the top plate support assembly (4) is lowered, the connecting rod (14) can be inserted into the connecting slot (412).

8. The roadway support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit (3) is configured as a telescopic mechanism. When the drive unit (3) extends, it pushes the front end component (1) forward; when the drive unit (3) shortens, it pulls the rear end component (2) forward.

9. The roadway support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear-end component (2) also includes a retractable support column (26) with a cap (27) at its top, the support column (26) being able to extend such that the cap (27) abuts against the tunnel roof.

10. The roadway support device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The column cap (27) is provided with a placement groove (28) for placing and supporting the reinforcement component.

11. The roadway support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top plate support assembly (4) includes a side longitudinal beam (41) and a middle longitudinal beam (42). A crossbeam (43) is provided between the side longitudinal beam (41) and the middle longitudinal beam (42). Hooks (44) for hanging metal mesh are provided on the inner side of the side longitudinal beam (41) and on both sides of the middle longitudinal beam (42).

12. The roadway support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front-end component (1) and / or the rear-end component (2) are further provided with a side correction mechanism (6), which extends and retracts to both sides of the front-end component (1) or the rear-end component (2) to correct the position of the front-end component (1) or the rear-end component (2) relative to the sidewall of the roadway.

13. A mining production line, characterized in that, Includes the roadway support device as described in any one of claims 1-11.

14. A method for roadway support, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Set the roadway support device to be less than the height of the roof support component (4), and transport the roadway support device to the empty roof area of ​​the roadway. S2: The front support column (12) and rear support column (22) in the roadway support device raise the roof support assembly (4) until the roof support assembly (4) supports the roadway roof, forming temporary support for the roadway roof; S3: The side drive mechanisms (56) on both sides of the top plate support assembly (4) drive the side guard plate (51) to move towards the side wall of the roadway until the side guard plate (51) supports the side wall of the roadway, forming temporary support for the side wall of the roadway. S4: Workers install permanent supports in the open roof area; S5: The side plate (51) in the roadway support device is retracted, and the roof support assembly (4) is driven to a height lower than the roadway height to end the support and be able to move forward; S6: The drive unit (3) drives the roadway support device forward to the portion of the roadway roof area where no permanent support is installed; and... Before performing step S4, the following steps are also included: the side guard plate extension (53) below the side guard plate (51) extends until the side guard plate extension (53) abuts against the roadway floor.

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