Super-expansion-ratio rotary engine

Abstract

The invention relates to an engine, and provides a rotary engine with a super expansion ratio. The engine consists of; the device is composed of a front cylinder shell, a middle cylinder shell, a rear cylinder shell, a vortex rotor, two main shafts, a compression air inlet partition plate, an air guide and exhaust partition plate, a gear, a fuel injector, an ignition device and a long-rod screw. The system structure is composed of a compression rotor set, a combustion expansion rotor set and a secondary expansion rotor set. The two main shafts do associated motion through the mutually meshed gear sets, and all the rotor sets also do mutually meshed motion. The vortex rotors are rotors with double vortex arcs, and the two vortex rotors can be meshed with each other like gears. Under the cooperation of the cylinder body shell, the two vortex rotors which are meshed with each other to rotate can realize the conversion between a compression space and an expansion space, and meanwhile, the space formed at the joint of the two vortex rotors and the cylinder body is fixed at a certain rotation angle, so that a constant-volume space and a constant-volume stroke are obtained. Due to the existence of the constant-volume space and the constant-volume stroke, gas completing first-time work can enter the next-stage rotor set through the constant-volume space to continue expansion work, after the constant-volume stroke is completed, the gas can be switched to the compression stroke, and then the gas is compressed and exhausted. A multi-stage acting rotor set can be designed from the technical concept principle, so that high-pressure gas energy is thoroughly released until the high-pressure gas energy is flush with the atmospheric pressure. The gas secondary work under the structure is not established on exhaust resistance, so that the engine gets rid of the constraint of the expansion ratio.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an engine, and more particularly to a rotary engine that utilizes a vortex rotor to achieve a high expansion ratio. Background Technology

[0002] The thermal efficiency of engines that rely on expansion for mechanical motion has always been constrained by the expansion ratio. Currently, only a few piston engines achieve an expansion ratio slightly greater than the compression ratio through complex mechanical structures. This invention provides a super-expansion ratio rotary engine that completely overcomes the limitation of the expansion ratio. Inventive Technical Concept

[0003] In traditional engines, the cylinder space cyclically changes between compression and expansion strokes. This invention introduces a constant-volume space, allowing the cylinder space to cycle through compression, constant-volume, and expansion strokes. Two rotating scrolls, meshing with the cylinder block shell, enable the transition between compression and expansion spaces. Simultaneously, the space formed at the contact point between the two scrolls and the cylinder block remains constant at a certain rotation angle, thus achieving a constant-volume space and a constant-volume stroke. Due to this constant-volume space and stroke, the gas that has completed its first power stroke enters the next stage of the rotor assembly through the constant-volume space to continue expanding and performing work. After the constant-volume stroke is completed, the system switches to the compression stroke, where the gas is compressed and discharged. Technically, this allows for the design of multi-stage power rotor assemblies, ensuring the complete release of high-pressure gas energy until it reaches atmospheric pressure. In this structure, the secondary power stroke is not based on exhaust resistance, thus freeing the engine from the constraints of the expansion ratio. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The super-expansion ratio engine of this invention consists of: a front cylinder housing, a middle cylinder housing, a rear cylinder housing, a turbine rotor, a main shaft, an intake baffle, an exhaust baffle, gears, a fuel injector, an ignition device, and a long rod screw.

[0005] Its structure and working principle are explained in detail in the following figures.

[0006] Appendix Figure 1 This is a front left view of the device.

[0007] Appendix Figure 2 This is a front right-side view of the equipment, attached. Figure 2-1 For the front cylinder housing, attached Figure 2-2 For the air intake baffle, attached Figure 2-3 For the middle cylinder shell, attached Figure 2-4 For exhaust baffle, attached Figure 2-5 For the rear cylinder housing, attached Figure 2-6 Long-handled screw, attached Figure 2-7 Main axis, supplementary Figure 2-8 For gears, attached Figure 2-9 For ignition device, attached Figure 2-10 It is a fuel injector.

[0008] Appendix Figure 3 This is a left rear view of the equipment, attached. Figure 3-1 It is a secondary exhaust port, attached Figure 3-2 This is the primary exhaust port.

[0009] Appendix Figure 4 This is a right rear view of the device.

[0010] Appendix Figure 5 This is the right perspective view of the exploded view of the equipment, attached. Figure 5-1 For the front cylinder housing, attached Figure 5-2 For vortex rotators, attached Figure 5-3 For the air intake baffle, attached Figure 5-4 For the middle cylinder shell, attached Figure 5-5 For exhaust baffle, attached Figure 5-6 For the rear cylinder housing, attached Figure 5-7 Long-handled screw, attached Figure 5-8 Main axis, supplementary Figure 5-9 For gears, attached Figure 5-10 For ignition device, attached Figure 5-11 It is a fuel injector.

[0011] Appendix Figure 6 This is the left perspective view of the exploded view of the equipment.

[0012] Appendix Figure 7 This is a front side view of the front cylinder housing, with attached... Figure 7-1 There are four bolt holes. Figure 7-2 It has two holes, one at the top and one at the bottom, with attached... Figure 7-3 This is the air intake.

[0013] Appendix Figure 8 This is a rear side view of the front cylinder housing.

[0014] Appendix Figure 9 This is a front view of the vortex rotor, with appendix. Figure 9-1 For shaft holes.

[0015] Appendix Figure 10 This is a rear view of the vortex rotor.

[0016] Appendix Figure 11 This is a top view of a vortex rotor.

[0017] Appendix Figure 12 This is a front view of the air intake baffle. Figure 12-1 For the air intake baffle, attached Figure 12-2 There are four bolt holes. Figure 12-3 It is a shaft hole, and there are two holes, one at the top and one at the bottom.

[0018] Appendix Figure 13This is a rear view of the air intake baffle. Figure 13-1 This is the air vent behind the air intake baffle.

[0019] Appendix Figure 14 This is a top-down view of the air intake baffle.

[0020] Appendix Figure 15 This is a rearward view of the air intake baffle.

[0021] Appendix Figure 16 This is a front view of the cylinder block, with attached... Figure 16-1 There are four bolt holes. Figure 16-2 For ignition device holes, attached Figure 16-3 For fuel injector holes.

[0022] Appendix Figure 17 This is a rear side view of the cylinder block, with attached... Figure 17-1 For ignition device holes, attached Figure 17-2 For fuel injector holes.

[0023] Appendix Figure 18 Front view of the exhaust baffle, attached Figure 18-1 There are four bolt holes. Figure 18-2 It features a two-stage air intake vent, with two asymmetrically positioned secondary air intake vents. (Attached) Figure 18-3 It has two holes, one at the top and one at the bottom, with attached... Figure 18-4 This is the inner hole of the primary exhaust port.

[0024] Appendix Figure 19 Rear view of the exhaust baffle, attached. Figure 19-1 It is a secondary air intake rear port, with... Figure 19-2 This is the primary exhaust port.

[0025] Appendix Figure 20 This is a top-down view of the exhaust baffle.

[0026] Appendix Figure 21 This is a rearward view of the exhaust baffle.

[0027] Appendix Figure 22 This is a rear side view of the rear cylinder housing, attached. Figure 22-1 There are four bolt holes. Figure 22-2 It has two holes, one at the top and one at the bottom, with attached... Figure 22-3 This is a secondary exhaust port.

[0028] Appendix Figure 23 This is a front view of the rear cylinder housing.

[0029] Appendix Figure 24 This is a front view of the gear, with attached... Figure 24-1 For shaft holes.

[0030] Appendix Figure 25 This is a front view of the long bolt.

[0031] Appendix Figure 26 This is a front view of the ignition device.

[0032] Appendix Figure 27 This is a front view of the fuel injector.

[0033] Appendix Figure 28 This is the front view of the main axis.

[0034] Appendix Figure 29 This is a side view of the expansion rotor assembly in the ignition angle space within the middle cylinder housing.

[0035] Appendix Figure 30 This is a top view of the expansion rotor assembly in the ignition angle space within the middle cylinder housing.

[0036] Appendix Figure 31 This is a top view of the rotor assembly with the internal volume of the cylinder divided into four equal parts.

[0037] Appendix Figure 32 The top view shows the rotor assembly with its left and right spaces within the cylinder divided into equal volumes, forming a small volume space in the middle, representing three spatial states.

[0038] Appendix Figure 33 This is a top view of the rotor assembly inside the cylinder, with the two rotors diagonally positioned at the right apex in a four-part spatial configuration.

[0039] Appendix Figure 34 This is a top view of the rotor assembly inside the cylinder, with the two rotors diagonally positioned at the left apex in a four-part spatial configuration.

[0040] Based on the above-described figures, the following are the structural features of the components.

[0041] The above appendix Figure 9 , attached Figure 10 , attached Figure 11 The described vortex rotor has a rotor with a double vortex arc, attached Figure 9-1 The shaft hole is a through hole.

[0042] The above appendix Figure 7-1 , attached Figure 12-2 , attached Figure 16-1 , attached Figure 18-1 , attached Figure 22-1 All described bolt holes are of equal diameter, contain internal threads, and are through holes. Figure 5 The indicated positions are all vertically and horizontally aligned, and the corresponding hole centers are all on the same horizontal line, and their hole diameters are consistent with those of the attached... Figure 25 The long bolts have the same diameter.

[0043] The above appendix Figure 7-2 , attached Figure 12-3 , attached Figure 18-3 , attached Figure 22-2All described shaft holes are of equal diameter and are through holes; their diameter ratios are as follows: Figure 28 The spindle diameter is slightly larger than normal to ensure free rotation within the shaft hole. This is in addition to the attached... Figure 5 The indicated positions are all vertically corresponding, and the corresponding holes are all on the same horizontal line.

[0044] The above appendix Figure 9-1 , attached Figure 24-1 All described shaft holes are of equal diameter and are through holes; their diameter and attachments are... Figure 28 The spindle diameter is the same or slightly smaller to ensure that the spindle and the shaft hole can be fixedly installed and completely integrated into one unit.

[0045] The above appendix Figure 8 Appendix Figure 16 Appendix Figure 22 Appendix Figure 29 Appendix Figure 30 Appendix Figure 31 Appendix Figure 32 Appendix Figure 33 As shown, the internal cavities of the front cylinder shell, rear cylinder shell, and middle cylinder shell are composed of two intersecting circles, with the same cavity diameter. The cavity diameter is equal to or slightly smaller than the diameter of the vortex rotor, and the inner hole height of the cavity is also the same. The inner hole height of the cavity is consistent with the height of the vortex rotor, which allows the two meshing vortex rotors to be placed exactly in the cavity.

[0046] The above appendix Figure 16-2 Ignition device hole and accessories Figure 17-1 The ignition device hole is a through hole, and the two holes are connected. (Attached) Figure 16-3 Fuel injector orifice and attachment Figure 17-2 The fuel injector orifice is a through hole, and the two holes are connected.

[0047] The above appendix Figure 12-1 Intake baffle front air vent and appendage Figure 13-1 The air intake baffle has a through hole behind it, and the two holes are connected.

[0048] The above appendix Figure 18-2 Pre-secondary stomata and appendages Figure 19-1 The secondary air intake port is a through hole, and the two holes are connected. (See attached image) Figure 18-4 The inner hole and appendage of the primary exhaust port Figure 19-2 The first-stage exhaust port is a through hole, and the two holes are connected.

[0049] The above appendix Figure 5 The engine shown has two parallel main shafts, one above the other, with rotors on the two main shafts meshing with each other in pairs. Compression intake baffles and guide exhaust baffles are distributed at intervals between the three sets of rotors.

[0050] In the assembly relationship of each component, the descriptions of the above-mentioned component drawings all correspond to the same up-down, left-right, front-back relationship. Front cylinder housing; attached Figure 7-3 The intake hole surface is the front, attached Figure 8 The cavity opening surface is the back. Intake partition; attached Figure 14 Is the front, attached Figure 15 Is the back. Exhaust partition; attached Figure 20 Is the front, attached Figure 21 Is the back. Rear cylinder housing; attached Figure 22 The cavity opening surface is the front, and the corresponding surface of the secondary exhaust hole is attached Figure 23 Is the back. Among them, attached Figure 16 The front-back relationship of the middle cylinder housing refers to attached Figure 14 , attached Figure 15 , attached Figure 20 , attached Figure 21 . Attached Figure 16-2 The ignition device hole and attached Figure 16-3 The positional relationship of the fuel injector hole corresponds to attached Figure 14 , attached Figure 15 , attached Figure 20 , attached Figure 21 On the right side of.

[0051] As described in the above drawings, the mechanical combination of the over-expansion ratio engine is; the above-mentioned attached Figure 7 [[ID=?]] Figure 12 , attached Figure 12 , attached Figure 18 , attached Figure 22 Each component has two upper and lower shaft holes with the same aperture. Attached Figure 28 The two main shafts respectively pass through attached Figure 7-2 , attached Figure 9-1 , attached Figure 12-3 , attached Figure 18-3 , attached Figure 22-2 , attached Figure 24-1 The upper and lower two shaft holes, and make the two main shafts respectively pass through the front cylinder housing, the first rotor, the intake partition, the second rotor, the exhaust partition, the third rotor, the rear cylinder housing, and the gear in sequence. There is a certain distance between the rear cylinder housing and the gear, and there is only a slight distance or a close arrangement between the three rotors on the main shaft and the intake partition and the exhaust partition. Among them, the three rotors and the gear on each main shaft are all fixed and installed to form an integral body with the main shaft. The two main shafts form two upper and lower groups, and at the same time make the three rotors and the gear on the upper main shaft form an interlocking as shown in attached Figure 5 To achieve linkage. Three rotor groups and one gear group are formed in pairs on the two main shafts. Attached Figure 16 The middle cylinder housing passes through the middle rotor, so that the middle rotor group is placed in the cavity round hole of the middle cylinder housing. As shown in attached Figure 5 The first group of rotors on the left is placed in the cavity round hole of the front cylinder housing, and the group of rotors on the right side of the main shaft is placed in the cavity round hole of the rear cylinder housing. Attached Figure 26 It should be noted that there seems to be an unclear tag in the original text at line 42 ( Figure 7 ), which might need further clarification in the original source for a more accurate translation.The ignition head is placed in the attached Figure 16-2 Inside the ignition device hole, and keep the ignition head within the inner edge. Figure 17-1 Ignition device port. (Attached) Figure 27 The fuel injector head is placed on the side Figure 16-3 Fuel injector orifice, and keep the nozzle within the memory area. Figure 17-2 Fuel injector orifice. After all components are brought close together for connection, attach... Figure 25 Four long bolts passed through the attached... Figure 7-1 Appendix Figure 12-2 Appendix Figure 16-1 Appendix Figure 18-1 Appendix Figure 22-1 The four bolt holes on the upper side have threads inside, and the front cylinder housing, middle cylinder housing, rear cylinder housing, intake baffle, and exhaust baffle are tightly fixed together as one unit by bolts.

[0052] Engine component structure: The engine block consists of a front cylinder house, a middle cylinder house, and a rear cylinder house, forming a complete engine block. The rotor and main shaft are fixedly mounted, with rotors on the two shafts meshing in pairs to form a compression rotor assembly, an expansion rotor assembly, and a secondary power rotor assembly. The front cylinder house and its internal rotor assembly form the compression system, the middle cylinder house and its internal rotor assembly form the expansion system, and the rear cylinder house and its internal rotor assembly form the secondary power system.

[0053] The relationship between the three sets of rotor angles; the position of the rotor angle after the compression rotor set completes one compression cycle is shown in the appendix. Figure 32 At this moment, the combustion expansion rotor assembly has just formed the combustion chamber and is ready for ignition. The position corresponding to the rotor angle of the combustion expansion rotor assembly at this time is the attached position. Figure 30 When attached Figure 30 When the combustion expansion rotor assembly performs work by expanding the ignition gas, the upper rotor moves counterclockwise and the lower rotor moves clockwise. After the combustion expansion rotor assembly completes its expansion work motion, the high-pressure gas in the combustion chamber enters the constant-volume space. When the combustion expansion rotor assembly reaches the adjacent... Figure 33 Position, and at this time the position corresponding to the angle of the secondary expansion rotor assembly is the attached position. Figure 32 .

[0054] The system comprises a rotary valve; the intake and exhaust baffles are fixed as a single unit to the valve body and cylinder; each rotor acts as a valve switch, rotating synchronously with the main shaft to achieve timed opening and closing of the air guide holes on the intake and exhaust baffles. (See attached diagram.) Figure 7-3 Appendix Figure 12-1 Appendix Figure 13-1 Appendix Figure 18-2 Appendix Figure 18-4 Appendix Figure 19-1 Appendix Figure 19-2 Appendix Figure 22-3Each hole serves as a valve guide hole, and its shape, size, and the radii and angular positions of the rotor's outer vortex tangent are correspondingly related. Because the main shaft, rotor, and gears are fixed as a single unit, the main shaft drives the rotor to rotate, and the rotor and its attachments... Figure 7-3 Appendix Figure 12-1 Appendix Figure 13-1 Appendix Figure 18-2 Appendix Figure 18-4 Appendix Figure 19-1 Appendix Figure 19-2 Appendix Figure 22-3 The various holes form a rotary valve relationship.

[0055] The engine operates as follows: two main shafts are linked by meshing gear sets, and the rotor sets are also linked by meshing. The two main shafts drive the upper rotor and upper gear to move counterclockwise, while the lower rotor and lower gear move clockwise.

[0056] Compression system operating status; initial state compression rotor assembly rotor angle set to [value missing]. Figure 32 The upper rotor rotates counterclockwise, and the lower rotor rotates clockwise. Figure 7-3 This allows the air intake to remain continuously open. When the rotor is attached... Figure 32 The state runs to the attached Figure 34 State process attached Figure 12-1 The air intake vent in front of the intake baffle is closed; this process is the air compression process. When the rotor... Figure 34 The state runs to the attached Figure 32 In the state, attached Figure 12-1 The air vent in front of the intake baffle opens, allowing high-pressure gas to pass through the compressed air on the intake baffle. Figure 12-1 Appendix Figure 13-1 It is transported to the expansion rotor assembly for ignition, combustion, expansion, and work; this process is also a high-pressure volume replacement process.

[0057] Operating status of the expansion work system; when the expansion rotor assembly is attached... Figure 32 The state runs to the attached Figure 33 In this state, this process coordinates with the high-pressure volume displacement process of the compression system, and... Figure 13-1 With the intake baffle open, the high-pressure gas from the compression system is transferred to the expansion rotor assembly. The expansion rotor assembly then... Figure 33 The state continues to run until the appendix Figure 30 The status at this time is as follows: Figure 29 The ignition device orifice and fuel injector orifice shown are in the fuel injection and ready-to-ignite state. Ignition and combustion generate high-temperature, high-pressure gas that drives the rotor assembly to rotate. When the rotor assembly moves from the attached... Figure 33 Run to the attached Figure 34 In this state, the high-pressure gas that has completed its work enters the constant-volume space, during which time... Figure 18-2 Appendix Figure 19-1Opening this process allows the high-pressure gas that has completed its first expansion and work to pass through the gas guide and exhaust baffle. Figure 18-2 , attached Figure 19-1 It is then fed to the secondary power rotor assembly for further expansion and work. Meanwhile, when the rotor assembly moves from the auxiliary... Figure 34 Run to the attached Figure 32 Then, continue running for half a lap before reaching the destination. Figure 32 In this process, exhaust gas is emitted from the... Figure 19-2 discharge.

[0058] The secondary power system operates as follows: After receiving high-pressure gas from the upper stage, the secondary power rotor continues to expand the high-pressure gas into the constant volume space, then into the compression space for exhaust, and finally discards it from the auxiliary space. Figure 22-3 discharge.

[0059] During engine operation Figure 7-3 Appendix Figure 19-2 Appendix Figure 22-3 All are continuously open. Due to tolerances, see attached... Figure 33 , attached Figure 34 In the peak state, the two rotors will not interfere with each other. Each set of rotors rotates synchronously with the main shaft to achieve synchronous operation.

[0060] To avoid difficulties in technical description and a bulky structure, only one secondary expansion rotor assembly is designed for technical description in the above engine structure. Technically, countless stages of power rotor assemblies can be designed to allow the energy of the high-pressure gas to be completely released until it reaches atmospheric pressure. Secondary power is not based on exhaust resistance, thus freeing the engine from the constraints of the expansion ratio. (Appendix) Figure 19-2 and attached Figure 22-3 Multiple rotor assemblies can be added after each exhaust port. Technically, each rotor assembly can be designed on the same plane, allowing for structural and operational variability. Furthermore, the engine's compression system is independent and can have multi-stage expansion rotor assemblies, thus allowing the introduction of high-pressure steam for power generation, fully utilizing engine thermal energy to improve efficiency. Therefore, this super-expansion ratio engine technology has a significant ability to improve energy utilization efficiency and has broad application prospects.

Claims

1. A super-expansion ratio engine, comprising a front cylinder housing, a middle cylinder housing, a rear cylinder housing, a turbine rotor, a main shaft, an intake baffle, an exhaust baffle, gears, a fuel injector, an ignition device, a long screw, and a valve train system, characterized in that... The system includes: a cylinder block consisting of a front cylinder housing, a middle cylinder housing, and a rear cylinder housing connected by a long screw; two main shafts rotatably supported within the combined cylinder block; an air compression system consisting of two meshing scroll rotors respectively fixedly mounted on the two main shafts; a combustion expansion system consisting of two meshing scroll rotors respectively fixedly mounted on the two main shafts; a secondary power system consisting of two meshing scroll rotors respectively fixedly mounted on the two main shafts; two gear sets respectively fixedly mounted on the two main shafts and meshing and interlocking; an intake baffle located between the air compression system and the combustion expansion system, with air guide holes on the intake baffle and adjacent scroll rotor sets forming a first rotary valve; and an exhaust baffle located between the combustion expansion system and the secondary power system. Between the power systems, the air guide holes on the exhaust baffle and the adjacent vortex rotor assembly constitute a second rotary valve; fuel injectors and ignition devices are installed on the cylinder housing for fuel injection and ignition; wherein the vortex rotor and gear are synchronously driven by the main shaft, so that air is compressed by the rotor assembly of the air compression system and introduced into the combustion chamber of the combustion expansion system through the air guide holes on the intake baffle. The fuel injector synchronously injects fuel, and the ignition device ignites it to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-pressure gas drives the rotor assembly of the combustion expansion system to rotate and do work. After the combustion expansion system completes its work, the high-pressure gas enters the secondary power system through the exhaust baffle and drives the secondary rotor assembly to rotate and do work. Finally, part of the gas is discharged in the combustion expansion system and the other part of the gas is discharged in the secondary power system.

2. The super-expansion ratio engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vortex rotor assembly is used in the compression system, expansion system, and secondary power system, and each rotor assembly is symmetrically distributed along the main axis.

3. The super-expansion ratio engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vortex rotor is a rotor with a vortex arc.

4. The super-expansion ratio engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vortex rotor assembly consists of two rotors that can mesh and rotate together and have multiple vortex arcs.

5. The super-expansion ratio engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turbine rotor assembly works in conjunction with the cylinder block, forming a variable space between them. The rotation of the turbine rotor changes the space, thereby achieving a complete thermodynamic cycle of intake, compression, power stroke, and exhaust.

6. The super-expansion ratio engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vortex rotor assembly and the cylinder body work together, and the space formed at the contact point between the vortex rotor and the cylinder body remains fixed at a certain rotational stroke angle, thereby obtaining a constant volume space and a constant volume stroke.

7. The super-expansion ratio engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two meshing vortex rotors achieve variable space between the two rotors through rotation.

8. The super-expansion ratio engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second rotary valves are controllable valves. The intake baffle and exhaust baffle are fixed together as a valve body and cylinder body. Each rotor acts as a valve switch and rotates synchronously with the main shaft to realize the timed opening and closing of the air guide holes on the intake baffle and exhaust baffle.

9. The super-expansion ratio engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air compression system compresses the gas within its own system and then introduces the compressed gas into the combustion expansion system through a rotary valve.

10. A power unit, characterized in that, Includes the rotary engine as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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