Cracking cup sampling device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal cracking detection, and provides a sampling device for a cracking cup. The sampling device comprises a cracking cup with one open end, the sampling device comprises a sample introduction device and a loading device, the loading device can enable the open end of the cracking cup to be far away from the other opposite end of the cracking cup to be far away from the sample introduction device, and the sample introduction device comprises a vertical sample introduction channel, a loading channel with the side face connected with the loading device and an air blowing channel at the bottom. The sample introduction channel penetrates through the top and the bottom of the sample introduction device, the sample introduction device is communicated with the loading channel and the air blowing channel, and when the cracking cup is located in the sample introduction device, the open end of the cracking cup is close to the loading channel, and the other end of the open end of the cracking cup is close to the air blowing channel. The invention aims to solve the problems of difficulty in loading and loading a cracking cup matched with the thermal cracking instrument and difficulty in sampling micro-plastic from the cracking cup. The traditional sampling needs a wide range, and the wide range and the high precision of a metering balance cannot be simultaneously met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pyrolysis detection technology and provides a pyrolysis cup sampling device. Background Technology

[0002] Microplastics, nanoplastics with particle sizes <5 mm and smaller (<1 μm), are emerging environmental pollutants of global concern. Widely distributed in oceans, soil, atmosphere, and organisms, they can enter the human body through the food chain, causing health risks such as oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and chronic inflammation, and are even linked to cardiovascular disease and cancer. Their chemical stability and tendency to accumulate pollutants make them difficult to degrade using traditional methods, posing a significant environmental challenge alongside climate change and ozone depletion. Early detection methods for microplastics relied on visual methods, microscopy, spectroscopy, and thermal mass spectrometry, but these have significant limitations. To overcome the bottlenecks of traditional methods, pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) is gradually becoming the mainstream detection method. Its core principle is: in an oxygen-free high-temperature environment, such as 550-700℃, the sample is pyrolyzed. This process breaks down microplastics into characteristic small molecule fragments; for example, polyethylene (PE) breaks down into C6-C14 hydrocarbons, and polystyrene (PS) forms styrene trimers. The pyrolysis products are then separated by gas chromatography (GC), and mass spectrometry (MS) accurately identifies the plastic type based on the mass-charge ratio (m / z), such as the 142 m / z ion of PE and the 91 / 312 ion pair of PS, achieving qualitative and quantitative detection. However, current technologies generally use multi-functional pyrolysis systems from Frontier Laboratories in Japan. This requires manual quantitative handling of microplastics with tweezers and the use of a dedicated pyrolysis cup for sampling and loading. The 4mm diameter and 8mm height of the pyrolysis cup presents challenges in handling the microplastics, requires high weighing accuracy, and causes environmental pollution during sampling and loading. Prior art (CA2247589C) describes an apparatus for automatically handling sample cups with screw caps. This system requires the automatic transfer of a portion of a biological sample contained in a main sample tube into and out of the sample cup. To provide a very simple and relatively inexpensive apparatus for automatically opening, closing, and transporting sample cups, the apparatus is characterized by including a movable clamp comprising a rotatable gripping tool capable of entering and engaging a recess in the cap to form a connection. This connection can be locked by rotating the gripping tool relative to the sample cup in a first direction and unlocked by rotating the gripping tool relative to the sample cup in a second direction opposite to the first direction. The inventors believe that the prior art has significant room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the difficulty in loading and sampling the pyrolyzer and its supporting pyrolysis cup, and the difficulty in sampling microplastics with the pyrolysis cup. Secondly, solve the problem that the weight of the pyrolysis cup itself is much greater than that of the microplastics, resulting in the need for a large-range weighing balance for traditional sampling; solve the problem that the large range and high precision of the weighing balance cannot be satisfied, improve the sampling accuracy of sampling microplastics with the pyrolysis cup; avoid the problem that microplastics fly during loading and subsequent processes, causing environmental pollution and harming human health.

[0004] A pyrolysis cup sampling device includes a pyrolysis cup with an open end at one end. The sampling device includes a sampling device and a loading device. The loading device can make the open end of the pyrolysis cup far from the other end relative to the sampling device. The sampling device includes a vertical sampling channel, a loading channel connected to the side of the loading device, and a blowing channel at the bottom. The sampling channel penetrates the top and bottom of the sampling device. The sampling device connects the loading channel and the blowing channel. When the pyrolysis cup is inside the sampling device, the open end of the pyrolysis cup is close to the loading channel, and the other end of the open end of the pyrolysis cup is close to the blowing channel. Through the above settings, several pyrolysis cups in bottles supporting the pyrolyzer are directly poured into the loading device, avoiding the need to separately use tweezers to hold the pyrolysis cup and place it inside a special stainless steel seat, reducing the amount of manual operation and the operation difficulty; the blowing channel blows air into the sampling channel where the pyrolysis cup is located, maintaining the pyrolysis cup in a floating state in the sampling channel. The wind speed can be adjusted according to the mass of the microplastics to be weighed. The wind speed adjustment can amplify the control of the mass of the microplastics carried by the pyrolysis cup, improve the sampling accuracy of sampling microplastics with the pyrolysis cup. At the same time, the wind force maintains the floating state of the pyrolysis cup, solving the problem that the weight of the pyrolysis cup itself is much greater than that of the microplastics, resulting in the need for a large-range weighing balance for traditional sampling; the blowing channel can also blow air to clean the inside of the device during the pyrolysis process.

[0005] It should be noted that taking the pyrolyzer of EGA / PY-3030D of Frontier Laboratories in Japan and its supporting pyrolysis cup as an example, the outer diameter of the pyrolysis cup is 4 mm, the wall thickness is 0.2 mm, and the height is 8 mm. According to the sampling weighing of the weighing balance and the calculation of the steel density, the mass range of the pyrolysis cup is between 16 mg and 18 mg. Taking the middle value of 17 mg to calculate the gravity of the pyrolysis cup , and the windward area is the area of the external bottom circle . Reasonably assume that in the sampling channel, the pyrolysis cup is blown vertically upward by the air flow, and the thrust F is provided by the air dynamic pressure. The formula is , v: wind speed (unit: ), : drag coefficient (the bottom projection structure of the pyrolysis cup is a disc, when perpendicular to the air flow ), A: windward area (unit: ). Let the thrust F = G, substitute it into the formula and solve for v = 13.3 In practice, due to the shape of the sample inlet channel and the air outlet channel, turbulence and thrust loss caused by turbulence may occur, requiring a wind speed slightly higher than the theoretical wind speed by 10% to 20%. The actual wind speed is approximately 15. Furthermore, based on the above calculations, the required increase in wind force is [missing information]. The corresponding wind speed needs to be increased by approximately 0.08. This device can proportionally increase the wind speed by adjusting the shape of the blower channel, thereby achieving precise control of the wind speed by finely adjusting the fan speed or compressed air pressure. Furthermore, at least two fans can be used to provide the gravity of the pyrolysis cup and the gravity of the microplastics respectively, thereby improving the quantitative weighing accuracy of the microplastics.

[0006] Preferably, a retaining ring is provided at the top of the injection channel. The inner diameter of the retaining ring is smaller than the diameter of the pyrolysis cup opening. The inner ring of the retaining ring is provided with a guide angle. A varistor is provided at the retaining ring. The shape of the retaining ring and the varistor matches the shape of the pyrolysis cup. With the above settings, due to the thin wall thickness of the pyrolysis cup, when the wind speed of the sampling channel changes significantly, the pyrolysis cup is prone to impacting the baffle ring, causing deformation of the cup mouth. Furthermore, flexible material is used at the guide angles to prevent cup mouth deformation. Alternatively, during operation, the wind speed can be increased in stages, ensuring the cup mouth of the pyrolysis cup contacts the baffle ring before increasing the wind speed of the device, avoiding a single, large increase in wind speed. A small spatula can be used to insert microplastics into the baffle ring, allowing the microplastics to fall directly into the pyrolysis cup, preventing them from adhering to the inner wall and failing to reach the bottom. The highly enclosed environment also prevents microplastics from drifting. Furthermore, a funnel can be inserted into the baffle ring to enlarge the filling port, reducing the difficulty of adding microplastics and preventing the funnel from impacting the cup mouth and causing deformation. Since the airflow thrust provided by the blower channel keeps the pyrolysis cup in a suspended state, the mass of the pyrolysis cup is... The quantitative measurement of the mass of microplastics inside the pyrolysis cup has no effect. The mass of the added microplastics is obtained by reducing the pressure on the varistor. Before adding microplastics, the pressure measured at the varistor is reduced to 0 by adjusting the fan to ensure that the pyrolysis cup remains suspended. At the same time, the varistor is in contact with the varistor but does not generate a relatively significant pressure. Before measuring the pressure, the fan should be adjusted slowly to avoid the pyrolysis cup accelerating too quickly and hitting the retaining ring. After measuring the pressure and confirming that the pyrolysis cup is in contact, the fan speed can be increased. The fan is then adjusted to increase the pressure measured at the varistor to the redundancy amount of added microplastics. At this point, the varistor should have a positive value F1. Then, the microplastics are added, and the pressure at the varistor is obtained as F2. F1-F2 is the weight of the added microplastics, which is then converted to obtain the mass of the microplastics. Furthermore, the above calculation process can be completed by setting a microprocessor, thus directly providing the result: the mass of the microplastics. The guide angle assists in centering the pyrolysis cup during its upward movement and aligning it with the axis of the retaining ring, ensuring that the shape of the pyrolysis cup's opening matches and abuts against the shape of the varistor, thus ensuring that the varistor is subjected to uniform force.

[0007] Preferably, the sample inlet channel includes a first curved surface portion and a first flat surface portion. The connection between the blower channel and the sample inlet channel is located in the first curved surface portion, and the connection between the loading channel and the sample inlet channel is located in the first flat surface portion. The gap space formed by the first curved surface portion and the outer wall of the pyrolysis cup is smaller than the gap space between the first flat surface portion and the pyrolysis cup. With the above configuration, under the same wind speed, due to the influence of the shape and size of the gap space, the airflow velocity on the side of the pyrolysis cup closer to the first flat surface portion is lower than the pressure on the side closer to the first curved surface portion. Therefore, the pyrolysis cup tends to adhere to the first curved surface portion, allowing control of the pyrolysis cup's movement along the path of the first curved surface portion. Simultaneously, the curved surface of the pyrolysis cup contacts the first curved surface portion of the sample inlet channel, minimizing wear on the pyrolysis cup during its vertical movement.

[0008] Preferably, the loading channel includes a second curved surface portion at the bottom and a second flat surface portion at the top. The loading channel forms an angle with the horizontal plane, and the end of the loading channel near the injection channel is lower than the other end. The pyrolysis cup slides into the injection device from the loading device through the loading channel. The curved bottom of the loading channel can center the pyrolysis cup, preventing it from shifting or impacting the inner wall of the device. Gravity allows the pyrolysis cup, after being adjusted by the loading device, to slide freely into the injection channel, reducing the need for a power unit and avoiding wear or deformation of the pyrolysis cup that might be caused by the power unit directly acting on it.

[0009] Preferably, the loading channel is equipped with a baffle that is hinged to the top of the loading channel, and a torsion spring is installed at the hinge. After the pyrolysis cup passes through the baffle, the baffle can automatically reset. This device uses a self-resetting baffle that requires active control to control the normal closure of the loading channel. When the blower channel blows the pyrolysis cup, it reduces the power loss caused by turbulence in the loading channel. The baffle also blocks the continuous pyrolysis cups that may appear in the loading channel, preventing multiple pyrolysis cups from entering the sample injection channel in succession.

[0010] Preferably, the connection between the blower channel and the sample inlet channel is angled, with the end of the blower channel closer to the sample inlet channel being higher than the other end, and the diameter of the end of the blower channel closer to the sample inlet channel being smaller than the diameter of the other end. This angled design increases the upward component of the airflow in the blower channel, reducing the power requirement of the blower. Simultaneously, by controlling the ratio of the diameter of the end of the blower channel closer to the sample inlet channel to the diameter of the other end, the proportional amplification effect of the blower channel on the air velocity is controlled; the larger the value of this ratio, the more significant the amplification effect of the blower channel on the air velocity.

[0011] Preferably, the sample introduction device also includes an exhaust channel, which is connected to the sample introduction channel. The vertical distance between the connection point of the exhaust channel and the sample introduction channel and the baffle ring is less than the length of the pyrolysis cup. The exhaust channel is used to discharge the airflow blown in by the blower channel when the pyrolysis cup comes into contact with the sample introduction channel, avoiding turbulence and power loss caused by a large amount of backflow. The vertical distance between the connection point of the exhaust channel and the sample introduction channel and the baffle ring is less than the length of the pyrolysis cup to prevent the airflow blown in by the blower channel from flowing out before providing thrust to the pyrolysis cup, thus reducing the redundancy required to exceed the theoretical wind speed.

[0012] Preferably, the exhaust duct is connected to a collection device. After the pyrolysis process is completed, the inside of the device is ventilated through the blower duct to clean up any microplastics and intermediate and final products that may remain on the inner wall of the device during the pyrolysis process. To prevent residues from contaminating the inner ring of the baffle, the baffle at the sample inlet is sealed or removed and then sealed. The residues and exhaust gas are discharged through the exhaust duct and enter the collection device for proper treatment.

[0013] Preferably, the loading device is an annular vibrating disc with a block assembly on its surface. This block assembly, in conjunction with the vibration of the vibrating disc, adjusts the orientation of the open end of the pyrolysis cup. Since the open end of the pyrolysis cup is a circular sleeve, and the other end is a hemispherical surface, the center of gravity of the pyrolysis cup is relatively closer to the hemispherical end. Therefore, the vibration of the vibrating disc and the block assembly can adjust the orientation of the scattered pyrolysis cups, ensuring they are all facing the same side. Furthermore, to reduce the probability of wear and deformation of the pyrolysis cups during vibration, a flexible material is placed on the surface of the vibrating disc to absorb the impact of falling during vibration.

[0014] Preferably, the blower duct is connected to at least two adjustable-speed fans. At least two fans are used to handle the gravity balancing of the pyrolysis cup and the gravity measurement of the microplastics, respectively. Before adding the microplastics, the fan responsible for gravity balancing of the pyrolysis cup reduces the pressure measured at the varistor to zero to ensure the pyrolysis cup remains suspended. Simultaneously, the fan contacts the varistor but does not generate significant pressure. Then, the fan responsible for gravity measurement of the microplastics increases the pressure measured at the varistor to the redundant amount of microplastics added. At this point, the varistor should have a positive value F1. After adding the microplastics, the pressure at the varistor is F2. F1 - F2 represents the gravity of the added microplastics, which is then converted to obtain the mass of the microplastics. Furthermore, the above calculation process can be completed by a microprocessor, directly providing the result: the mass of the microplastics. Since the gravity of the pyrolysis cup is essentially constant, the fan responsible for gravity balancing of the pyrolysis cup requires minimal adjustment, thus shortening the operation time for adjusting the fans.

[0015] This invention solves the problems of loading and sample preparation of the pyrolysis instrument with its matching pyrolysis cup, and the difficulty in sampling microplastics from the pyrolysis cup; it also solves the problem that the weight of the pyrolysis cup itself is much greater than that of the microplastics, which necessitates the use of a large-range measuring balance for traditional sampling; it addresses the issue that the large range and high precision of the measuring balance cannot meet the requirements, thus improving the sampling accuracy of microplastics from the pyrolysis cup; it avoids the environmental pollution and harm to human health caused by microplastics flying away during sample preparation and subsequent processes, and has the following beneficial effects: it provides sufficient protection for the pyrolysis cup during movement and use, preventing deformation and damage; it enables preliminary cleaning of the pyrolysis instrument after use, reducing the impact of residues and exhaust gases from the pyrolysis of microplastics on subsequent measurement processes. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention and the pyrolysis apparatus; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pyrolysis cup structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sample introduction device; Figure 4 This is a side view of the sample introduction device; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the pyrolysis cup in a floating state when the sample introduction device is in use. Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the pyrolysis cup in the contact position when the sample injection device is in use; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of the rim of the pyrolysis cup; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve structure; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve. Figure 10 This is a side view of the sleeve; Figure 11 This is a top view of the sleeve; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the vibrating disc structure.

[0018] Legend: 1 Loading device; 11 Stop block combination; 2 Sampling device; 21 Sampling channel; 21a Varistor; 21b Retaining ring; 21c Guide angle; 21d First curved surface part; 21e First flat part; 22 Loading channel; 22a Second flat part; 22b Second curved surface part; 22c Baffle; 23 Blowing channel; 24 Air outlet channel; 3 Fan; 4 Collection device; 5 Pyrolysis cup. Detailed implementation mode

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] Embodiment 1 Combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 And Figure 3 As shown, a sampling device for a pyrolysis cup 5 includes a pyrolysis cup 5 with an open end. The sampling device includes a sampling device 2 and a loading device 1. The loading device 1 can make the open end of the pyrolysis cup 5 far away from the other end relative to the sampling device 2. The sampling device 2 includes a vertical sampling channel 21, a loading channel 22 connected to the side of the loading device 1, and a blowing channel 23 at the bottom. The sampling channel 21 penetrates through the top and bottom of the sampling device 2. The sampling device 2 connects the loading channel 22 and the blowing channel 23. When the pyrolysis cup 5 is inside the sampling device 2, the open end of the pyrolysis cup 5 is close to the loading channel 22, and the other end of the open end of the pyrolysis cup 5 is close to the blowing channel 23. Through the above settings, several pyrolysis cups 5 in bottles supporting the thermal pyrolysis instrument are directly poured into the loading device 1, avoiding using tweezers to clamp the pyrolysis cup 5 and place it inside a special stainless steel seat alone, reducing the amount of manual operation and the operation difficulty; the blowing channel 23 blows air into the sampling channel 21 where the pyrolysis cup 5 is located to keep the pyrolysis cup 5 floating in the sampling channel 21. The wind speed is adjusted according to the mass of the microplastics to be weighed. The adjustment of the wind speed can magnify the control of the mass of the microplastics carried by the pyrolysis cup 5, improving the sampling accuracy of the microplastics sampled by the pyrolysis cup 5. At the same time, the wind force keeps the pyrolysis cup 5 floating, solving the problem that the weight of the pyrolysis cup 5 itself is much greater than that of the microplastics, resulting in the need for a large-range weighing balance in traditional sampling; the blowing channel 23 can also blow air to clean the inside of the device during the thermal pyrolysis process.

[0021] Taking the thermal pyrolysis instrument EGA / PY-3030D of Frontier Laboratories in Japan and its supporting pyrolysis cup 5 as an example, the outer diameter of the pyrolysis cup 5 is 4 mm, the wall thickness is 0.2 mm, and the height is 8 mm. According to the sampling weighing of the weighing balance and the calculation of the steel density, the mass range of the pyrolysis cup 5 is between 16 mg and 18 mg. Taking the middle value of 17 mg to calculate the gravity of the pyrolysis cup 5 , the windward area is the external bottom circle area A reasonable assumption is that within the injection channel 21, the lysis cup 5 is subjected to a vertically upward airflow, and the thrust F is provided by the aerodynamic pressure, as shown in the formula: v: wind speed (unit: ), Drag coefficient (the bottom projection structure of the pyrolysis cup 5 is a disk, when the airflow is vertical) A: Windward area (unit: Let the thrust F = G, and substituting into the formula, we get v = 13.3. In practice, due to the shape of the sample inlet channel 21 and the presence of the air outlet channel 24, turbulence and thrust loss caused by turbulence may occur. Therefore, the actual wind speed needs to be slightly higher than the theoretical wind speed by 10% to 20%, with an actual wind speed of approximately 15. Furthermore, based on the above calculations, the required increase in wind force is [missing information]. The corresponding wind speed needs to be increased by approximately 0.08. This device can proportionally increase the wind speed through the shape of the blower channel 23, thereby achieving precise control of the wind speed by finely adjusting the speed of the blower 3 or the compressed air pressure. In some embodiments, at least two blowers 3 can be used to provide the gravity of the pyrolysis cup 5 and the gravity of the microplastics respectively, thereby improving the quantitative weighing accuracy of the microplastics. It should be noted that the above part is only a description of the principle of the technical solution and should not be regarded as limiting the application scenarios of the implementation of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the air outlet channel 24 is connected to the collection device 4. After the pyrolysis process is completed, the air outlet channel 23 is used to blow air into the inside of the device to clean up any microplastics and intermediate and final products that may remain on the inner wall of the device during the pyrolysis process. To prevent the residue from contaminating the inner ring of the baffle ring 21b, the baffle ring 21b at the sample injection device 2 is sealed or removed and then sealed. The residue and exhaust gas are discharged through the air outlet channel 24 and enter the collection device 4 for proper treatment of the residue.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 12 As shown, the loading device 1 is an annular vibrating disc, and the surface of the vibrating disc is provided with a block assembly 11. The block assembly 11, in conjunction with the vibration of the vibrating disc, adjusts the orientation of the open end of the pyrolysis cup 5. Since the open end of the pyrolysis cup 5 is a circular sleeve, and the other end of the pyrolysis cup 5 is a hemispherical surface, the center of gravity of the pyrolysis cup 5 is relatively closer to the hemispherical end. The orientation of the scattered pyrolysis cups 5 can be adjusted by the vibration of the vibrating disc and the cooperation of the block assembly 11, so that the orientation of the pyrolysis cups 5 is on the same side. In some embodiments, in order to reduce the probability of wear and deformation of the pyrolysis cups 5 during vibration, a flexible material is provided on the surface of the vibrating disc to absorb the falling impact during vibration.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the blower channel 23 connects to two adjustable-speed fans 3. Two fans 3 are used to handle the gravity balancing of the pyrolysis cup 5 and the gravity measurement of the microplastics, respectively. Before adding the microplastics, the fan 3 responsible for gravity balancing of the pyrolysis cup 5 reduces the pressure measured at the pressure-sensitive resistor 21a to 0, ensuring the pyrolysis cup 5 remains suspended. Simultaneously, the fan 3 responsible for gravity measurement of the microplastics increases the pressure measured at the pressure-sensitive resistor 21a to the redundancy required for microplastic addition. At this point, the pressure at the pressure-sensitive resistor 21a should be positive (F1). After adding the microplastics, the pressure at the pressure-sensitive resistor 21a is increased to F2. F1 - F2 represents the gravity of the added microplastics, which, when converted, yields the mass of the microplastics. In some embodiments, this calculation process can be performed by a microprocessor, directly providing the result: the mass of the microplastics. Since the gravity of the pyrolysis cup 5 is basically constant, the fan 3 responsible for balancing the gravity of the pyrolysis cup 5 basically does not need to be adjusted, which can shorten the operation time of adjusting the fan 3.

[0025] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 10 As shown, the loading channel 22 includes a second curved surface portion 22b at the bottom and a second flat surface portion 22a at the top. The loading channel 22 forms an angle with the horizontal plane, and one end of the loading channel 22 near the injection channel 21 is lower than the other end. The pyrolysis cup 5 slides from the loading device 1 into the injection device 2 through the loading channel 22. The bottom of the loading channel 22 is curved, which can center the pyrolysis cup 5, preventing the pyrolysis cup 5 from shifting and impacting the inner wall of the device. Gravity allows the pyrolysis cup 5, after being adjusted by the loading device 1, to slide freely into the injection channel 21, reducing the need for a power unit and avoiding wear or deformation of the pyrolysis cup 5 that may be caused by the power unit directly acting on it.

[0026] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 11As shown, the sample inlet channel 21 includes a first curved surface portion 21d and a first flat surface portion 21e. The connection between the blower channel 23 and the sample inlet channel 21 is located in the first curved surface portion 21d, and the connection between the loading channel 22 and the sample inlet channel 21 is located in the first flat surface portion 21e. The gap space formed by the first curved surface portion 21d and the outer wall of the pyrolysis cup 5 is smaller than the gap space between the first flat surface portion 21e and the pyrolysis cup 5. With the above configuration, under the same wind speed, due to the influence of the shape and size of the gap space, the airflow velocity on the side of the pyrolysis cup 5 near the first flat surface portion 21e is less than the pressure on the side of the pyrolysis cup 5 near the first curved surface portion 21d. Therefore, the pyrolysis cup 5 tends to adhere to the first curved surface portion 21d, and the pyrolysis cup 5 can be controlled to complete the lifting and lowering along the path of the first curved surface portion 21d. At the same time, the curved surface shape of the pyrolysis cup 5 contacts the first curved surface portion 21d of the sample inlet channel 21, resulting in less wear on the pyrolysis cup 5 during the lifting and lowering process.

[0027] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the loading channel 22 is equipped with a baffle 22c hinged to the top of the loading channel 22. A torsion spring is provided at the hinge. When the pyrolysis cup 5 passes through the baffle 22c, the baffle 22c can automatically reset. This device uses a self-resetting baffle 22c that requires active control to control the normally closed state of the loading channel 22. When the blower channel 23 blows the pyrolysis cup 5, it reduces the power loss caused by turbulence at the loading channel 22. The baffle 22c also blocks the continuous pyrolysis cups 5 that may appear in the loading channel 22, preventing multiple pyrolysis cups 5 from entering the sample inlet channel 21 continuously.

[0028] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the connection between the blower channel 23 and the sample inlet channel 21 is angled, with the end of the blower channel 23 closer to the sample inlet channel 21 being higher than the other end, and the diameter of the end of the blower channel 23 closer to the sample inlet channel 21 being smaller than the diameter of the other end. This angled angle increases the upward component of the airflow in the blower channel 23, reducing the power requirement of the blower 3. Simultaneously, by controlling the ratio of the diameter of the end of the blower channel 23 closer to the sample inlet channel 21 to the diameter of the other end, the proportional amplification effect of the blower channel 23 on the air velocity is controlled. The larger the value of this ratio, the more significant the amplification effect of the blower channel 23 on the air velocity.

[0029] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, a retaining ring 21b is provided at the top of the sample injection channel 21. The inner diameter of the retaining ring 21b is smaller than the diameter of the opening of the pyrolysis cup 5. The inner ring of the retaining ring 21b is provided with a guide angle 21c. A varistor 21a is provided at the retaining ring 21b. The shape of the retaining ring 21b and the varistor 21a matches the shape of the pyrolysis cup 5. With the above settings, since the wall thickness of the pyrolysis cup 5 is relatively thin, when the wind speed of the sampling channel changes significantly, the pyrolysis cup 5 is prone to impacting the baffle ring 21b, causing deformation of the cup mouth. In some embodiments, a flexible material is provided at the guide angle 21c to avoid deformation of the cup mouth of the pyrolysis cup 5. Alternatively, during operation, the wind speed is increased in stages, so that the cup mouth of the pyrolysis cup 5 comes into contact with the baffle ring 21b before increasing the wind speed of the device, avoiding a one-time increase in the wind speed of the device. A small spatula can be used to insert the microplastics into the baffle ring 21b, allowing the microplastics to fall directly into the pyrolysis cup 5, preventing them from adhering to the inner wall of the pyrolysis cup 5 and not entering the bottom of the cup. Furthermore, the high degree of enclosure in the addition environment prevents the microplastics from flying away. In some embodiments, a funnel can be inserted into the baffle ring 21b to enlarge the filling port, reducing the difficulty of adding microplastics and preventing the funnel from impacting the cup mouth of the pyrolysis cup 5, thus preventing deformation of the cup mouth. Since the airflow thrust provided by the blower channel can keep the pyrolysis cup 5 in a suspended state, the mass of the pyrolysis cup 5 is... The quantitative measurement of the mass of microplastics in the pyrolysis cup 5 is unaffected. The mass of added microplastics is calculated by reducing the pressure on the varistor 21a. Before adding microplastics, the pressure measured at the varistor 21a is reduced to 0 by adjusting the fan 3 to ensure that the pyrolysis cup 5 remains suspended and in contact with the varistor 21a without generating significant pressure. Before measuring the pressure, the fan 3 should be adjusted slowly to avoid the pyrolysis cup 5 accelerating too quickly and hitting the retaining ring 21b. After measuring the pressure and confirming that the pyrolysis cup 5 is in contact, the fan speed of the fan 3 can be increased. The pressure measured at the varistor 21a is then increased to the redundancy amount for adding microplastics. At this point, the varistor 21a should have a positive value F1. Then, microplastics are added, and the pressure at the varistor 21a is obtained as F2. F1-F2 is the weight of the added microplastics, which is then converted to obtain the mass of the microplastics. In some embodiments, the above calculation process can be completed by setting a microprocessor, thereby directly providing the result: the mass of the microplastics. The guide angle 21c assists in centering the pyrolysis cup 5 during its upward movement and aligns it with the axis of the retaining ring 21b, so that the shape of the pyrolysis cup 5's opening fits and abuts against the shape of the varistor 21a, ensuring that the varistor 21a is subjected to uniform force.

[0030] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the sample injection device 2 also includes an exhaust channel 24, which is connected to the sample injection channel 21. The vertical distance between the connection point of the exhaust channel 24 and the sample injection channel 21 and the baffle ring 21b is less than the length of the pyrolysis cup 5. The exhaust channel 24 is used to discharge the airflow blown in by the blower channel 23 when the pyrolysis cup 5 comes into contact with the sample injection channel 21, avoiding turbulence and power loss caused by a large amount of backflowing airflow. The vertical distance between the connection point of the exhaust channel 24 and the sample injection channel 21 and the baffle ring 21b is less than the length of the pyrolysis cup 5 to prevent the airflow blown in by the blower channel 23 from flowing out before providing thrust to the pyrolysis cup 5, thus reducing the redundancy required to exceed the theoretical wind speed.

[0031] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the main component of the injection device 2 is a sleeve, which includes a vertical injection channel 21, a loading channel 22 connected to the loading device 1 on the side, and a blower channel 23 at the bottom. The injection channel 21 runs through the top and bottom of the injection device 2, and the sleeve connects the loading channel 22 and the blower channel 23.

[0032] This invention solves the problems of loading and sample feeding of the pyrolysis cup 5 into the pyrolysis instrument and the difficulty in sampling microplastics from the pyrolysis cup 5; it also solves the problem that the weight of the pyrolysis cup 5 is much greater than that of the microplastics, which necessitates the use of a large-range measuring balance for traditional sampling; it addresses the issue that the large range and high precision of the measuring balance cannot meet the requirements, thus improving the sampling accuracy of microplastics from the pyrolysis cup 5; it avoids the environmental pollution and harm to human health caused by microplastics flying away during sample loading and subsequent processes, and has the following beneficial effects: it provides sufficient protection for the pyrolysis cup 5 during movement and use, preventing deformation and damage; and it enables preliminary cleaning of the pyrolysis instrument after use, reducing the impact of residues and exhaust gases from the pyrolysis of microplastics on subsequent measurement processes.

[0033] The above embodiments and / or implementation methods are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods for realizing the technology of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the technology of the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the art may make some modifications to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the present invention, but these should still be regarded as the technology or embodiments that are substantially the same as the present invention.

Claims

1. A pyrolysis cup sampling device, comprising a pyrolysis cup (5) with one end open, characterized in that, The sampling device includes a sample injection device (2) and a loading device (1). The loading device (1) enables the open end of the pyrolysis cup (5) to be away from the other end of the sample injection device (2). The sample injection device (2) includes a vertical sample injection channel (21), a loading channel (22) of the loading device (1) connected to the side, and a blower channel (23) at the bottom. The sample injection channel (21) runs through the top and bottom of the sample injection device (2). The sample injection device (2) connects the loading channel (22) and the blower channel (23). When the pyrolysis cup (5) is inside the sample injection device (2), the open end of the pyrolysis cup (5) is close to the loading channel (22), and the other end of the open end of the pyrolysis cup (5) is close to the blower channel (23).

2. The pyrolysis cup sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the sample inlet channel (21) is provided with a retaining ring (21b). The inner diameter of the retaining ring (21b) is smaller than the diameter of the opening of the pyrolysis cup (5). The inner ring of the retaining ring (21b) is provided with a guide angle (21c). A varistor (21a) is provided at the retaining ring (21b). The shape of the retaining ring (21b) and the varistor (21a) matches the shape of the pyrolysis cup (5).

3. The pyrolysis cup sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The injection channel (21) includes a first curved surface portion and a first flat surface portion (21e). The connection between the blower channel (23) and the injection channel (21) is located in the first curved surface portion. The connection between the loading channel (22) and the injection channel (21) is located in the first flat surface portion (21e). The gap space formed by the first curved surface portion and the outer wall of the pyrolysis cup (5) is smaller than the gap space between the first flat surface portion (21e) and the pyrolysis cup (5).

4. The pyrolysis cup sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading channel (22) includes a second curved surface portion (22b) at the bottom and a second flat surface portion (22a) at the top. The loading channel (22) has an angle with the horizontal plane, and one end of the loading channel (22) near the injection channel (21) is lower than the other end.

5. The pyrolysis cup sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The loading channel (22) is provided with a baffle (22c) hinged to the top of the loading channel (22). A torsion spring is provided at the hinge. When the pyrolysis cup (5) passes through the baffle (22c), the baffle (22c) can automatically reset.

6. The pyrolysis cup sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection between the blower channel (23) and the sample inlet channel (21) is provided with an inclination angle. The end of the blower channel (23) near the sample inlet channel (21) is higher than the other end. The diameter of the end of the blower channel (23) near the sample inlet channel (21) is smaller than the diameter of the other end.

7. The pyrolysis cup sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sample injection device (2) also includes an air outlet channel (24), which is connected to the sample injection channel (21). The vertical distance between the connection point of the air outlet channel (24) and the sample injection channel (21) and the baffle ring (21b) is less than the length of the pyrolysis cup (5).

8. The pyrolysis cup sampling device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The air outlet duct (24) is connected to a collection device (4).

9. The pyrolysis cup sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading device (1) is an annular vibrating disc. The surface of the vibrating disc is provided with a block assembly (11). The block assembly (11) is used to adjust the orientation of the open end of the pyrolysis cup (5) in conjunction with the vibration of the vibrating disc.

10. A pyrolysis cup sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blower duct (23) is connected to at least two wind speed adjustable fans (3).

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