Model test device for monitoring underground water environment influence of water-rich long and large tunnel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel tests, and particularly discloses a water-rich long and large tunnel groundwater environment influence monitoring model test device which comprises a test box, one side of the test box is fixedly connected with an integration box, one side of the integration box and one side of the test box are open, the opening is detachably connected with a cover plate, one side of the test box is arc-shaped and provided with a through groove, and the through groove is provided with a through hole. The arc-shaped side of the test box is slidably connected with an arc-shaped plate, a test opening is formed in the arc-shaped plate, a test device is installed at the test opening, a tunnel wall pipe is arranged between the integration box and the test box, an integration pressing block is installed in the integration box, and after a cover plate is opened, the test box is filled with a geological simulation material and compacted to form a simulation geological block; before compaction, a soil pressure sensor and a water seepage sensor are buried in the test box. The testing device has the beneficial effects that the testing position of the testing device is changed by sliding the arc-shaped plate at the bottom of the testing box, so that the testing device performs a water injection test on a specified part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel testing technology, and in particular to a test device for monitoring the impact of groundwater environment on long, water-rich tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] The tunnel groundwater environmental impact monitoring model test device is a physical model test system. It constructs a physical model in the laboratory, including the tunnel structure, surrounding rock (soil / rock mass), and groundwater system, by scaling down (or partially simulating) real engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions. CN202510035842.9 discloses a device for simulating the impact of groundwater seepage on existing tunnels and frozen walls. This device multifunctionally simulates the influence of groundwater seepage velocity, direction, and groundwater level on the frozen walls of existing tunnels. However, this device cannot test the reinforcement effect of grouting on long, water-rich tunnels, nor can it test the impact of severe localized water inrush on the tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a test device for monitoring the impact of groundwater environment in long, water-rich tunnels.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A test device for monitoring the impact of groundwater environment in a long, water-rich tunnel includes a test chamber, an integrated box fixedly connected to one side of the test chamber, both the integrated box and the test chamber being open, with a cover plate detachably connected to the open side, one side of the test chamber being arc-shaped and having a through groove, an arc-shaped plate slidably connected to the arc-shaped side of the test chamber, a test opening on the arc-shaped plate, and a test device installed at the test opening, a tunnel wall pipe between the integrated box and the test chamber, an integrated pressure block inside the integrated box, after the cover plate is opened, geological simulation material is filled into the test chamber and compacted to form a simulated geological block, and a soil pressure sensor and a water seepage sensor are embedded in the test chamber before compaction.

[0005] Preferably, the testing device includes two side plates, one side of which is rotatably connected to a mounting plate. The mounting plate is detachably connected to the tunnel wall pipe. An arc-shaped baffle is provided between the two side plates. The arc-shaped baffle is located at the test opening, and a water injection pipe is provided at the center of the arc-shaped baffle.

[0006] Preferably, the water injection pipe includes an outer pipe, which is fixed to the center hole of the arc-shaped baffle and extends into the test chamber at one end. The outer pipe wall at the end extending into the test chamber is provided with multiple sets of seepage holes. An inner pipe is slidably connected inside the outer pipe. A blind plate is fixedly connected to one end of the inner pipe. A set of permeable holes is provided on the inner pipe wall. As the inner pipe slides inside the outer pipe, the permeable holes can sequentially coincide with the seepage holes.

[0007] Preferably, two hydraulic cylinders are hinged to the arc plate, each hydraulic cylinder is equipped with a pressing block, each pressing block has a first inclined surface on one side, and the arc baffle has a second inclined surface on both sides. The two pressing blocks are located on both sides of the arc baffle, and the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0008] Preferably, the side plate is provided with a clearance opening, the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the clearance opening, and a pressure ring is fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder. The side plate is provided with multiple crushing teeth.

[0009] Preferably, the tunnel wall pipe is provided with multiple process holes in different directions. At the process holes, grouting holes are drilled in the simulated geological block along the axis of the process holes, and grouting pipes are inserted into the grouting holes.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The test device for monitoring the impact of groundwater environment in a long, water-rich tunnel provided by the present invention changes the test position of the test device by sliding an arc plate at the bottom of the test box, so that the test device can perform a water injection test on a designated part. The injected water can only flow from the seepage hole to the simulated geological block, thereby simulating the situation of excessive water in the tunnel at that location. The soil pressure sensor and the water seepage sensor monitor the soil pressure and seepage situation generated by the excessive water at that location. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a basic structural diagram of a test device for monitoring the impact of groundwater environment in a long, water-rich tunnel, provided by the present invention. Figure 2 This is a usage state diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the installation layout diagram of the testing equipment; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 The main view; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the water injection pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0013] like Figures 1-6As shown in the figure, this embodiment of a test device for monitoring the impact of groundwater environment in a long, water-rich tunnel includes a test chamber 1 with an arc-shaped bottom. An integrated box 11 is fixedly connected to one side of the test chamber 1, and the integrated box 11 is connected to the test chamber 1. Multiple first support columns 13 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the test chamber 1, and second support columns 14 are fixed to one side of both the test chamber 1 and the integrated box 11. Both the integrated box 11 and one side of the test chamber 1 are open, and a cover plate 12 is detachably connected to the open. The detachable connection method of the cover plate 12 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. A through groove is provided at the arc-shaped bottom of the test chamber 1, and an arc-shaped plate 2 is slidably connected to the bottom of the test chamber 1. The arc of the arc plate 2 matches the arc of the arc surface at the bottom of the test chamber 1. The slidable connection method of the arc plate 2 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. A test opening is provided on the arc plate 2, and a test device 3 is installed at the test opening. By sliding the arc plate 2 at the bottom of the test chamber 1, the test position of the test device 3 can be changed, thereby enabling the monitoring model test device of this embodiment to conduct water injection tests on different parts.

[0014] A tunnel wall pipe 100 is provided between the integrated box 11 and the test box 1, and an integrated pressure block 900 is installed inside the integrated box 11. The integrated pressure block 900 is located on one side of the tunnel wall pipe 100. In use, the monitoring model test device of this embodiment is first supported and fixed by the second support column 14. At this time, the cover plate 12 is set upward. After opening the cover plate 12, geological simulation material is filled into the test box 1 and compacted to form a simulated geological block 200. Before compaction, a soil pressure sensor and a water seepage sensor are embedded in the test box 1. The soil pressure sensor and the water seepage sensor are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. The method of filling and compacting the geological simulation material is also existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0015] The testing device 3 includes two side plates 31. A mounting plate 32 is rotatably connected to one side of each side plate 31. The mounting plate 32 is detachably connected to the tunnel wall pipe 100. Specifically, mounting holes are pre-drilled around the outer wall of the tunnel wall pipe 100. When the side plates 31 and mounting plate 32 rotate to a designated position and align with the mounting holes, the mounting plate 32 is temporarily fixed to the mounting holes using pins 321. An arc-shaped baffle 33 is located between the two side plates 31 at the test opening. Two hydraulic cylinders 34 are hinged to the arc-shaped plate 34. Each hydraulic cylinder 34 is equipped with a pressing block 35. The two pressing blocks 35 are located on both sides of the arc-shaped baffle 33, temporarily fixing the position of the arc-shaped baffle 33. Each pressing block 35 has a first inclined surface on one side, and the arc-shaped baffle 33 has second inclined surfaces on both sides, with the first and second inclined surfaces corresponding one-to-one.

[0016] A water injection pipe 5 is provided at the center of the arc-shaped baffle 33. The water injection pipe 5 includes an outer pipe 51, which is fixed to the central hole of the arc-shaped baffle 33 and extends into the test chamber 1 at one end. The wall of the outer pipe 51 extending into the test chamber 1 is provided with multiple sets of seepage holes 50. An inner pipe 52 is slidably connected inside the outer pipe 51. A blind plate 54 is fixedly connected to one end of the inner pipe 52. A set of water permeable holes 53 is provided on the wall of the inner pipe 52. As the inner pipe 52 slides inside the outer pipe 51, the water permeable holes 53 can coincide with the seepage holes 50 in sequence.

[0017] The following is a method for using a test device for monitoring the impact of groundwater environment in long, water-rich tunnels, as disclosed in this embodiment. S1. The test position of the test device 3 is changed by sliding the arc plate 2 at the bottom of the test box 1, so that the test device 3 can perform a water injection test on the specified part.

[0018] S2. The entire device is supported and fixed by the second support column 14. At this time, the cover plate 12 is set upward. After opening the cover plate 12, geological simulation material is filled into the test box 1. At the same time, soil pressure sensor and water seepage sensor are buried in the test box 1. The buried positions of soil pressure sensor and water seepage sensor are determined according to the water injection position.

[0019] S3. Compact the geological simulation material to form a simulated geological block 200, and change the support and fixation of the whole device by the first support column 13.

[0020] S4. By sliding the inner pipe 52 within the outer pipe 51, the permeable hole 53 coincides with the corresponding seepage hole 50. Water is injected into the inner pipe 52, and the injected water can only flow from the seepage hole 50 to the simulated geological block 200, thus simulating a situation where the tunnel is excessively water-rich at this location. Earth pressure sensors and water seepage sensors monitor the earth pressure and seepage conditions caused by the excessive water at this location, and record the changes in the values ​​of the earth pressure sensors and water seepage sensors. If a large area of ​​water is desired, the inner pipe 52 is removed, and water is directly injected into the outer pipe 51, thus simulating a large area of ​​seepage in the simulated geological block 200.

[0021] S5. The hydraulic cylinder 34 pushes the extrusion block 35 forward, and under the action of the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane, the arc-shaped baffle 33 generates extrusion force on the simulated geological block 200. The soil pressure sensor and water seepage sensor monitor and record the changes in values ​​at the same time. At the same time, when the pressure ring 36 contacts the side plate 31, the side plate 31 can also generate slight extrusion force and destructive force on the simulated geological block 200, further realizing the impact of local water abundance on the tunnel under various working conditions.

[0022] S6. Record the values, crush or remove the simulated geological block 200, and repeat steps S1-S5. This repeated operation can test the soil pressure and seepage caused by excessive water in different locations below the tunnel.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, to facilitate the crushing of the simulated geological block 200 after testing, a clearance opening is provided on the side plate 31. The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 34 passes through the clearance opening, and a pressure ring 36 is fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 34. The side plate 31 is provided with multiple crushing teeth 37. After the test is completed, the arc-shaped baffle 33 is first removed. The hydraulic cylinder 34 extends and retracts, and squeezes the side plate 31 through the pressure ring 36, causing the side plate 31 to rotate. This inserts the crushing teeth 37 on one side of the side plate 31 into the simulated geological block 200, thereby crushing the simulated geological block 200 and facilitating its removal.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment can also test the effect of grouting reinforcement when there is water in the tunnel. Specifically, multiple process holes in different directions are provided in the tunnel wall pipe 100. After step S5 is completed, grouting holes are drilled in the simulated geological block 200 along the axial direction of the process hole. Grouting pipes 300 are inserted into the grouting holes and grouting reinforcement is performed. After the grouting solidifies and is cured, the soil pressure and seepage caused by excessive water at the location are monitored by soil pressure sensors and water seepage sensors, and the changes in the values ​​of soil pressure sensors and water seepage sensors are recorded, thereby determining the effect of grouting reinforcement on the treatment of excessive water in a certain part of the tunnel. Because of the grouting pipe 300, it needs to be removed before a new round of testing. At this time, a lot of mud or gravel will be attached to the outer surface of the grouting pipe 300. If the grouting pipe 300 is removed from inside the tunnel wall pipe 100, the mud or gravel will easily damage the process hole. Therefore, the grouting pipe 300 can only be removed from the outside of the tunnel wall pipe 100.

Claims

1. A test device for monitoring the impact of groundwater environment in long, water-rich tunnels, characterized in that: The test box (1) is fixedly connected to an integrated box (11) on one side. Both the integrated box (11) and the test box (1) are open on one side. A cover plate (12) is detachably connected to the open side. One side of the test box (1) is arc-shaped and has a through groove. An arc plate (2) is slidably connected to the arc side of the test box (1). A test opening is provided on the arc plate (2). A test device (3) is installed at the test opening. A tunnel wall pipe (100) is provided between the integrated box (11) and the test box (1). An integrated pressure block (900) is installed inside the integrated box (11). After opening the cover plate (12), geological simulation material is filled into the test box (1) and compacted to form a simulated geological block (200). Before compaction, a soil pressure sensor and a water seepage sensor are buried in the test box (1).

2. The test device for monitoring the impact of groundwater environment in a long, water-rich tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The testing device (3) includes two side plates (31), one side of which is rotatably connected to a mounting plate (32). The mounting plate (32) is detachably connected to the tunnel wall pipe (100). An arc-shaped baffle (33) is provided between the two side plates (31). The arc-shaped baffle (33) is located at the test opening. A water injection pipe (5) is provided at the center of the arc-shaped baffle (33).

3. The test device for monitoring the impact of groundwater environment in a long, water-rich tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water injection pipe (5) includes an outer pipe (51), which is fixed to the center hole of the arc-shaped baffle (33) and extends into the test chamber (1) at one end. The outer pipe (51) has multiple sets of seepage holes (50) on the wall of the end of the outer pipe (51) that extends into the test chamber (1). The inner pipe (52) is slidably connected to the outer pipe (51). The blind plate (54) is fixedly connected to one end of the inner pipe (52). The inner pipe (52) has a set of permeable holes (53) on the wall. As the inner pipe (52) slides in the outer pipe (51), the permeable holes (53) can overlap with the seepage holes (50) in sequence.

4. The test device for monitoring the impact of groundwater environment in a long, water-rich tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two hydraulic cylinders (34) are hinged on the arc plate (2). Each hydraulic cylinder (34) is equipped with an extrusion block (35). Each extrusion block (35) has a first inclined surface on one side. The arc baffle (33) has a second inclined surface on both sides. The two extrusion blocks (35) are located on both sides of the arc baffle (33) and the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

5. The test device for monitoring the impact of groundwater environment in a long, water-rich tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side plate (31) is provided with a clearance opening, the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (34) passes through the clearance opening, and a pressure ring (36) is fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (34). The side plate (31) is provided with multiple crushing teeth (37).

6. The test device for monitoring the impact of groundwater environment in a long, water-rich tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tunnel wall pipe (100) is provided with multiple process holes in different directions. At the process hole, a grouting hole is drilled in the simulated geological block (200) along the axial direction of the process hole, and a grouting pipe (300) is inserted into the grouting hole.

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