Improved photovoltaic engineering cable planning and designing method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses an improved photovoltaic engineering cable planning design method and device, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cable planning, and the method comprises the steps: dividing a plurality of photovoltaic group strings in a photovoltaic power generation unit into a plurality of first photovoltaic groups; analyzing the distance between the photovoltaic group strings, establishing a first distance matrix, analyzing the distance between each photovoltaic group string and the box transformer substation of the photovoltaic power generation unit, and establishing a second distance matrix; obtaining a first punishment value through the first distance matrix and the corresponding first cable length threshold value, and obtaining a second punishment value through the second distance matrix and the corresponding second cable length threshold value; obtaining an inverter installation position set according to the position of the central point of the first photovoltaic group; and generating a cable path of the photovoltaic power generation unit and corresponding cable installation information according to the inverter installation position set, the position of the photovoltaic string and the position of the box transformer substation. According to the invention, the efficiency of photovoltaic engineering cable planning and design is improved, and the cost of the planned and designed cable is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic cable planning technology, and in particular to an improved method and apparatus for planning and designing photovoltaic engineering cables. Background Technology

[0002] Once the terrain and area for the photovoltaic power station are determined, the capacity and equipment usage are also largely finalized. At this point, the only remaining uncertain factor related to the construction cost of the photovoltaic power station is the amount of cables used at various levels.

[0003] The amount of cable used is related to the division of busbar units at each level and the location and layout of busbar equipment at each level. In the traditional design process, designers usually arrange the cables manually using 2D CAD based on their work experience, without clear guiding standards. Manual design is tedious and time-consuming, and the unit cost of different cable levels varies, making it difficult to optimize the manual design in a targeted manner, resulting in high costs for the manual design results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an improved method and apparatus for planning and designing photovoltaic engineering cables, which aims to improve the efficiency of planning and designing photovoltaic engineering cables and reduce the cost of planning and designing cables.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an improved method for planning and designing photovoltaic engineering cables, including: Obtain photovoltaic equipment information for the photovoltaic power generation unit, including photovoltaic equipment selection information, the location of photovoltaic strings, and the location of the transformer substation; The photovoltaic power generation unit is divided into multiple first photovoltaic groups, and each first photovoltaic group has a center point for determining the location of the inverter. Analyze the distances between each photovoltaic string to establish a first distance matrix, and analyze the distances between each photovoltaic string and the transformer of the photovoltaic power generation unit to establish a second distance matrix; Extract a first cable length threshold and a second cable length threshold from the photovoltaic equipment information. Obtain a first penalty value using the first distance matrix and the corresponding first cable length threshold. Obtain a second penalty value using the second distance matrix and the corresponding second cable length threshold. Based on the first distance matrix, the second distance matrix, the first penalty value, and the second penalty value, the first photovoltaic group is updated until the center point of each first photovoltaic group does not change; Based on the updated location of the center point of the first photovoltaic array, the inverter installation location set is obtained; Based on the inverter installation location set, the location of the photovoltaic string, and the location of the transformer substation, the cable path and corresponding cable installation information of the photovoltaic power generation unit are generated.

[0006] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved: Different inverter installation locations result in different cable quantities and consequently different cable costs. Therefore, to reduce cable length, cable quantity, and thus cable costs, the photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit are divided into multiple first photovoltaic groups. Each first photovoltaic group has a center point, and the center point of each first photovoltaic group represents a location where an inverter can be installed. The distances between the photovoltaic strings in each first photovoltaic group and the distances between each photovoltaic string and the transformer substation of the photovoltaic power generation unit are analyzed to establish a first distance matrix and a second distance matrix. The inverter location is restricted by a first cable length threshold and a second cable length threshold. By combining the distances represented by the first and second distance matrices, and the restrictions on cable length distances imposed by the first and second penalty values, the center point of the first photovoltaic group representing the inverter installation location is continuously updated to determine the most suitable inverter installation location. Subsequently, cable design is performed based on the inverter installation location, the photovoltaic string location, and the transformer substation location, thereby improving the efficiency of photovoltaic engineering cable planning and design and reducing the cable cost of the planning and design.

[0007] According to some embodiments of this application, obtaining the inverter installation location set based on the updated location of the center point of the first photovoltaic array includes: Using the updated x-coordinate of the center point of the first photovoltaic array as a reference, and combining it with the lateral length of a single photovoltaic string in the photovoltaic power generation unit, a candidate range is obtained; The midpoints of all photovoltaic strings within the candidate range in the width direction are marked to obtain the inverter installation location set.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, marking the midpoints of all photovoltaic strings within the candidate range in the width direction to obtain the inverter installation location set includes: Mark the midpoints of all photovoltaic strings within the candidate range in the width direction to obtain a candidate point set; The maximum number of inverter strings that can be connected is extracted from the selection information of the photovoltaic equipment. The minimum number of inverters is obtained by combining the number of all photovoltaic strings and the maximum number of inverter strings that can be connected. If the number of marked points in the candidate point set is less than the minimum number of inverters, the candidate range is expanded. All photovoltaic strings in the expanded candidate range are marked at the midpoint of the width direction until the number of marked points in the candidate point set is not less than the minimum number of inverters, thus obtaining the inverter installation location set.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, dividing the photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit into multiple first photovoltaic groups includes: Based on the lateral length of all photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit and the first cable length threshold, a first calculated value is obtained to determine the number of the first photovoltaic arrays. Based on the first calculated value, the photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit are divided into multiple first photovoltaic groups.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, generating the cable path and corresponding cable installation information of the photovoltaic power generation unit based on the inverter installation location set, the location of the photovoltaic string, and the location of the transformer substation includes: Based on the inverter installation location set, the inverter installation location and combiner unit division information are obtained using a preset planning algorithm; Based on the inverter installation location, the combiner unit division information, the location of the photovoltaic string, and the location of the transformer substation, the cable path and corresponding cable installation information of the photovoltaic power generation unit are generated.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, generating the cable path and corresponding cable installation information of the photovoltaic power generation unit based on the inverter installation location, the combiner unit partitioning information, the location of the photovoltaic string, and the location of the transformer substation includes: Based on the inverter installation location, the combiner unit partitioning information, the location of the photovoltaic string, and the location of the transformer substation, a topological pathfinding space for the photovoltaic power generation unit is constructed. The cable paths between each photovoltaic device and the corresponding cable installation information are generated in the topology pathfinding space.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the topology pathfinding space includes connecting edges between photovoltaic devices, and each connecting edge has a cable path weight value that characterizes the cost of converting into a cable path; The process of generating cable paths and corresponding cable installation information between photovoltaic devices in the topology pathfinding space includes: Using a preset shortest path algorithm and combining the cable path weight value of each connected edge, the cable paths between each photovoltaic device and the corresponding cable installation information are generated. The cable installation information includes cable laying information, cable tray laying information, cable duct laying information, and equipment cable connection information.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an operation control device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The processor executes the program to implement the cable planning and design method described in the first aspect above.

[0014] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device including the operation control device described in the second aspect above.

[0015] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the cable planning and design method as described in the first aspect above.

[0016] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solutions of this application and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solutions of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of this application.

[0018] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a cable planning and design method provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the K-medoids clustering algorithm applied in a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power plant drawing before azimuth rotation, provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 3B This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power station drawing after azimuth rotation, provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of an inverter installation location set provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a flowchart of a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the inverter installation location and combiner unit division provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a flowchart of a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is an algorithm flowchart of an improved A* algorithm applied to a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the topology pathfinding space provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 13 This is a flowchart of a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of an operation control device for performing a cable planning and design method according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of this application. Preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of this application, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0021] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0022] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0023] In some cases, once the terrain and area of ​​a photovoltaic power station are defined, the capacity and equipment usage are basically determined. At this point, the only remaining uncertain factor related to the construction cost of the photovoltaic power station is the usage of various levels of combiner cables, including: the primary combiner cable from the string to the inverter, called the photovoltaic cable; the secondary combiner cable from the inverter to the transformer substation, called the combiner cable; and the tertiary combiner cable from the transformer substation to the step-up substation, called the collector line.

[0024] The amount of cable used is related to the division of each level of combiner unit and the location arrangement of each level of combiner equipment. In the traditional design process, designers usually arrange the cables manually using 2D CAD based on their work experience, without clear guiding standards. Because manual design is tedious and time-consuming, and design solutions are usually required to be delivered quickly, designers often use template-based methods for electrical design. For example, all combiner units are fixedly installed at the geometric center or arranged at equal intervals, without considering the positional relationships of strings, inverters, transformer substations, and step-up substations, or the influence of terrain. At the same time, the unit cost of combiner cables varies depending on the level. For example, there is a significant difference in cable cost and construction cost between photovoltaic cables from strings to inverters and combiner cables from inverters to transformer substations. Modular inverter layout makes targeted optimization difficult, resulting in high costs for manual design outcomes.

[0025] Based on the above, this application proposes an improved method and apparatus for planning and designing photovoltaic engineering cables, which can improve the efficiency of planning and designing photovoltaic engineering cables and reduce the cost of planning and designing cables.

[0026] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further elaborates on various embodiments of the improved photovoltaic engineering cable planning and design method of this application.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1This is a flowchart of a cable planning and design method provided in one embodiment of this application. The cable planning and design method may include, but is not limited to, steps S110, S120, S130, S140, S150, S160 and S170.

[0028] Step S110: Obtain photovoltaic equipment information of the photovoltaic power generation unit. The photovoltaic equipment information includes the selection information of the photovoltaic equipment, the location of the photovoltaic string and the location of the transformer box. Step S120: Divide the multiple photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit into multiple first photovoltaic groups, and each first photovoltaic group has a center point for determining the location of the inverter installation. Step S130: Analyze the distance between each photovoltaic string and establish a first distance matrix; analyze the distance between each photovoltaic string and the transformer of the photovoltaic power generation unit and establish a second distance matrix. Step S140: Extract the first cable length threshold and the second cable length threshold from the photovoltaic equipment information; obtain the first penalty value through the first distance matrix and the corresponding first cable length threshold; obtain the second penalty value through the second distance matrix and the corresponding second cable length threshold. Step S150: Based on the first distance matrix, the second distance matrix, the first penalty value, and the second penalty value, update the first photovoltaic group until the center point of each first photovoltaic group does not change; Step S160: Obtain the inverter installation location set based on the updated center point of the first photovoltaic array; Step S170: Based on the inverter installation location set, the location of the photovoltaic string and the location of the transformer substation, generate the cable path of the photovoltaic power generation unit and the corresponding cable installation information.

[0029] Understandably, before the cable planning and design of the photovoltaic power generation unit, the work of photovoltaic string layout, power generation unit division, inverter and cable selection of the photovoltaic power generation unit has been completed. The design and production of photovoltaic power station drawings, including photovoltaic string layout, power generation unit division, inverter and cable selection, have also been completed. The photovoltaic power station drawings can include two-dimensional drawings and three-dimensional models. Therefore, the photovoltaic equipment information of the photovoltaic power generation unit can be obtained. The photovoltaic equipment information includes the selection information of photovoltaic equipment, the location of photovoltaic strings and the location of transformer substations. The selection information of photovoltaic equipment can include the specifications and models of photovoltaic strings, the technical parameters of inverters, the cross-sectional area and material of cables, and other data.

[0030] Information on photovoltaic equipment for photovoltaic power generation units can be obtained from completed photovoltaic power plant design drawings and technical documents. Alternatively, an equipment list can be exported from photovoltaic power plant design software or project management platform, which includes selection parameters and technical specifications for key equipment such as photovoltaic modules, inverters, and cables.

[0031] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic equipment information of the photovoltaic power generation unit may include: List of photovoltaic strings (location, number) within the photovoltaic power generation unit; Information on the transformer substation of the photovoltaic power generation unit (location, number, transformer substation number); The maximum number of strings that a single inverter can connect to; The maximum length of the busbar cable that can be calculated from the voltage drop, and the unit cost of the busbar cable; The maximum length of photovoltaic cable that can be calculated from voltage drop, and the unit cost of photovoltaic cable; Standard photovoltaic string parameters, for example, 2X14 means that 28 photovoltaic cells are connected in series, with 2 vertically and 14 horizontally.

[0032] Understandably, the location of the transformer substation and the arrangement of the photovoltaic strings have usually been completed before cable design, that is, the location of the photovoltaic modules and the transformer substation has been determined. Therefore, before cable route planning, the installation location of the inverter equipment needs to be determined.

[0033] Based on this, in this embodiment, multiple photovoltaic strings in a photovoltaic power generation unit can be divided into multiple first photovoltaic groups. The number of groups can be determined according to the maximum allowable number of input strings of the inverter. For example, if the inverter supports multiple MPPT inputs, a certain number of strings can be matched according to the voltage and current range of each MPPT to ensure optimal power generation efficiency. The division method can be based on the orientation, tilt angle, or shading of the strings, grouping strings with the same or similar conditions together to reduce mismatch losses. Alternatively, the division can be based on geographical proximity, for example, merging strings on the same bracket or in the same area to shorten cable length and reduce line losses. In addition, random division is also possible.

[0034] Each first photovoltaic (PV) group has a center point for determining the location where the inverter will be installed. In other words, the center point of the first PV group can be the location where the inverter will be installed, or the location where the inverter will be installed can be determined directly through the center point of the first PV group. Therefore, the purpose of dividing multiple PV strings in a PV power generation unit into multiple first PV groups is to determine the installation location of multiple inverters through the first PV group. This is because in an actual PV power station, one inverter corresponds to multiple PV strings, and each first PV group can have a center point, with one center point corresponding to one or more locations where inverters will be installed.

[0035] In another embodiment, since the center point of the first photovoltaic array is used to determine the location for installing the inverter, the area can be divided according to the physical layout of the strings. For example, adjacent or clustered strings can be grouped into the same group, and the installation location of the inverter can be determined using the center point. This minimizes the routing distance and loss of the DC-side cables and ensures that the total power and voltage and current parameters of each first photovoltaic array meet the input requirements of the inverter, avoiding a decrease in power generation efficiency due to mismatch in the number of strings or electrical characteristics. If the strings have different power generation due to different orientations, tilt angles, or shading conditions, strings with similar characteristics should be grouped into the same group as much as possible to reduce the complexity of MPPT tracking.

[0036] Understandably, the distance between photovoltaic (PV) strings affects the cabling method and length. Proper cable planning between PV strings can reduce cable usage and power loss, while avoiding increased voltage drop and construction difficulty due to excessively long or circuitous cabling. The distance between PV strings and the transformer substation also affects cable layout; greater distances may lead to higher line losses and larger cable investments. Therefore, economic efficiency and technical performance can be balanced by adjusting the grouping of PV strings. Based on this, a first distance matrix can be established by analyzing the distances between each PV string and the transformer substation of the PV power generation unit, and a second distance matrix can be established by analyzing the distances between each PV string and the transformer substation.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first distance matrix is ​​used to record the distance between each photovoltaic string. This first distance matrix can be calculated using the coordinates of the photovoltaic power station drawings; that is, each string is considered a node in the matrix, and the matrix elements represent the actual physical distance between corresponding two strings, forming a symmetrical square matrix for subsequent shortest path or cluster analysis. The second distance matrix is ​​used to record the distance between each photovoltaic string and the transformer substation. Each row corresponds to the straight-line or wiring distance from the location coordinates of one string to the location of the transformer substation. If there are multiple transformer substations, it can be expanded into a multi-column matrix. The first and second distance matrices can be automatically generated using CAD software, GIS tools, or programming scripts.

[0038] The first cable length threshold extracted from the photovoltaic equipment information can be the maximum allowable photovoltaic cable length between photovoltaic strings. The determination of the first cable length threshold can comprehensively consider the string output voltage, cable cross-sectional area, material resistivity, and the maximum allowable voltage drop (e.g., not exceeding 1% to 3% of the rated voltage) to ensure power transmission efficiency and avoid excessive power loss due to excessively long lines. For example, if the operating voltage of a string is 1000V, a 4-channel cable can be selected. According to the voltage drop formula, the critical length of copper core cable under a specific current is 200 meters. If this value is exceeded, the wiring needs to be adjusted or the cable specifications need to be upgraded. The second cable length threshold can be the maximum AC cable length limit from the photovoltaic string to the transformer. The determination of the first cable length threshold can take into account the grid voltage fluctuation range, transformer impedance matching and system short-circuit capacity, etc., and can also be set in combination with grid access specifications and transformer technical parameters. For example, in low-voltage grid connection scenarios, the threshold may be controlled within 300 meters.

[0039] The first penalty value is calculated using the first distance matrix and the first cable length threshold. It can be understood that the first penalty value is used to quantify the penalty amount for the actual distance between all strings exceeding the threshold. This can be achieved by traversing the distance data of each pair of strings in the first distance matrix. If the distance between a pair of strings is greater than the threshold, the difference is added to the penalty value. That is, the first penalty is equal to Σ(max(0, Dij - threshold)), where Dij is the distance between the i-th and j-th strings in the matrix. The first penalty value reflects the degree of inappropriateness in the DC side cable layout. The larger the value, the more dispersed the spatial distribution of the strings, leading to a higher risk of excessive cable length and a surge in losses.

[0040] Correspondingly, the second penalty value is calculated using the second distance matrix and the second cable length threshold. It can be understood that the second penalty value is used to evaluate the rationality of the spatial association between the string and the transformer substation. For each string, if its distance to the transformer substation exceeds the second cable length threshold, the excess part will be accumulated. That is, the second penalty is equal to Σ(max(0, Dk - threshold)), where Dk represents the distance from the k-th string to the transformer substation. An excessively high second penalty value indicates that the transformer substation is located in a remote area or the string grouping is unreasonable, which may cause problems such as excessive AC line voltage drop and decreased sensitivity of protection devices.

[0041] It is understandable that the first and second penalty values ​​can be applied in different algorithms. For example, in a genetic algorithm, the location of the first photovoltaic group, inverter, or transformer substation is encoded as a chromosome. The objective function is formed by superimposing the total cable cost with the first and second penalty values. During the iteration process, the algorithm continuously generates new solutions through selection, crossover, and mutation operations, and uses penalty values ​​to punish invalid layouts. Specifically, if the string spacing in a certain first photovoltaic group is too large or far from the transformer substation, the first penalty value will significantly lower its fitness score. In a particle swarm optimization algorithm, the particle position represents the equipment coordinates or the first photovoltaic group. The gradient information of the penalty value is added to the velocity update strategy to guide the particles to move towards the low penalty area. In a clustering algorithm, the first penalty value can constrain the cluster radius to ensure that the string distance within the same first photovoltaic group does not exceed the threshold, while the second penalty value can optimize the relative position of the cluster center and the transformer substation.

[0042] It is understandable that the first photovoltaic group can be updated by combining the first distance matrix, the second distance matrix, the first penalty and the second penalty until the center point of each first photovoltaic group does not change (here, the center point of the first photovoltaic group refers to the location where the inverter is installed, that is, the first photovoltaic group is updated until the location where the inverter is installed does not change).

[0043] In this embodiment, the inverter coordinates can be used as the optimization reference point, and the optimal layout can be gradually converged through a penalty feedback mechanism. Specifically, the grouping scheme of the first photovoltaic group can be initialized first, and the geometric center of each group can be used as the initial position of the inverter. Then, an iterative loop is entered. In this loop, the first distance matrix and the second distance matrix can be updated based on the center point of the first photovoltaic group. Then, the first penalty value and the second penalty value under the current group can be calculated according to the first cable length threshold and the second cable length threshold, respectively. Then, with the goal of minimizing the total penalty value, the grouping of the first photovoltaic group can be adjusted in combination with the distance matrix data. For example, the strings that are far from the center of the current group or exceed the threshold can be redistributed to the neighboring group, or the groups can be split / merged to balance the scale. After each adjustment, the center point of each first photovoltaic group is recalculated. If the old and new center points remain unchanged or the change in the coordinates of the old and new center points is less than the set tolerance, the inverter position is determined to be stable and the iteration terminates. Otherwise, the above steps are repeated.

[0044] It is understandable that the iterative loop process may differ in different algorithms; In the clustering algorithm, the center point of the first photovoltaic group is the inverter location. The iteration is to redistribute the strings to the group where the nearest center point is located. At this time, the first penalty value is transformed into the maximum distance constraint within the group. That is, if the spacing between any strings in the group exceeds the threshold, the string is forcibly transferred to a new group or a neighboring group. The second penalty value is used as the transformer substation correlation factor. That is, when calculating the center point, not only the geometric center of the string is considered, but also the offset towards the transformer substation (the offset amount is determined by the gradient of the second penalty value), thereby shortening the cable. In the genetic algorithm, each chromosome encodes the coordinates of the first photovoltaic group and the inverter. The fitness function is defined as the weighted sum of the total cable cost and the penalty value, that is, total cost = photovoltaic cable cost + bus cable cost + α × first penalty + β × second penalty. Crossover and mutation operations will randomly swap the grouping of the clusters or fine-tune the inverter coordinates. The new generation population is generated by selecting individuals with high fitness. In the particle swarm optimization algorithm, the particle position vector directly represents the coordinates of all inverters. The grouping of the first photovoltaic group is dynamically generated by the affiliation rule, that is, each string is assigned to the nearest inverter (particle). When the particle velocity is updated, the first penalty value uses the distance of the farthest string in the first photovoltaic group as the gradient direction to drive the particle to move towards the string-dense area; the second penalty value uses the box gradient as the gravity source to pull the particle position.

[0045] Based on this, by combining the first distance matrix, the second distance matrix, the first penalty, and the second penalty, after updating the first photovoltaic group, if the center point of each first photovoltaic group does not change, since the center point of the first photovoltaic group refers to the location where the inverter is installed, that is, the location where the inverter is installed does not change, the location where the inverter is installed can be determined. The updated center point of the first photovoltaic group is the location where the inverter is installed. Therefore, the updated center point of the first photovoltaic group is marked to obtain the inverter installation location set, which will include multiple marked inverter installation locations.

[0046] Based on this, after obtaining the installation location of the inverter, the location of the photovoltaic string, and the location of the transformer substation, the cable path of the photovoltaic power generation unit and the corresponding cable installation information can be generated based on the location of each photovoltaic device.

[0047] In this embodiment, the starting point of the DC-side cable can be determined based on the location information of the photovoltaic strings. That is, starting from the output end of each string, the cable converges along the bracket or pre-buried conduit towards the location of the inverter. Since the strings are usually connected in series or parallel, the cable path must follow the shortest route principle, prioritizing straight lines or right-angle turns to reduce length and loss, while avoiding obstacles and high-temperature areas. The bus cable path from the inverter to the transformer substation needs to consider the laying of larger capacity cables. It can be laid along cable trenches, cable trays, or directly buried. The path selection needs to be combined with the site topography, existing facilities, and construction convenience. For example, it can be laid along the edge of the road or a wall to reduce excavation costs. In addition, when generating cable installation information, electrical parameters and mechanical requirements must be considered comprehensively. For photovoltaic cables, the cross-sectional area must be determined based on the maximum output current of the string and the line length; photovoltaic-specific DC cables can be selected. For combiner cables, the cross-sectional area is selected based on the inverter output power and distance; for example, YJV type cables can be used, with current-carrying capacity adjustments for multiple cables connected in parallel considered. Furthermore, installation details include cable fixing spacing (e.g., one binding point every 1.5 meters in the cable tray), burial depth (e.g., no less than 0.7 meters for direct burial), and road crossing protection (e.g., using galvanized steel pipes). Finally, all path information is integrated using CAD tools or a BIM model to generate a cable list and power plant drawings containing coordinates, lengths, specifications, and installation instructions.

[0048] In one embodiment, the K-medoids clustering algorithm can be used to divide multiple photovoltaic strings in a photovoltaic power generation unit into multiple first photovoltaic groups, and then determine the installation location of the inverter. (See reference) Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the cable planning and design method using the K-medoids clustering algorithm provided in another embodiment of this application, which includes: Load data (coordinates of the groups to be grouped, reference box transformer coordinates); Initialization: Randomly select N strings as cluster centers and allocate the remaining strings according to the principle of proximity; Calculate the Manhattan distance between strings to obtain matrix D (the first distance matrix); Calculate the Euclidean distance from the string to the phase transition to obtain matrix S (the second distance matrix); Calculate the cells in matrix D that are longer than the maximum length of the photovoltaic cable to obtain mask A (first penalty value) (pre-extract the first cable length threshold and the second cable length threshold, the first cable length threshold is the maximum length of the photovoltaic cable, and the second cable length threshold is the maximum length of the bus cable). Calculate the cells in matrix S that are greater than the maximum length of the busbar cable to obtain mask B (second penalty value). Update the cluster center with the string with the minimum cost, where cost i = SUM(D[i] + A[i]) + S[i] + B[i] / number of strings; Determine if the cluster center has changed; If the cluster center changes, the strings are redistributed to the new clusters according to the principle of proximity, and then the process returns to the step of "updating the cluster center with the string with the least cost". If the cluster center no longer changes, the process ends.

[0049] In one embodiment, before dividing multiple photovoltaic strings in a photovoltaic power generation unit into multiple first photovoltaic groups, for example, before using the K-medoids clustering algorithm to divide the multiple photovoltaic strings in a photovoltaic power generation unit into multiple first photovoltaic groups, the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic power station drawing can be rotated first. That is, based on the coordinates of the strings, the photovoltaic power generation unit is rotated so that the horizontal direction of the strings is parallel to the X-axis. Specifically, the mode of the list of angles between the horizontal median of all strings and the X-axis can be taken first, denoted as alpha. Then, the transformer and the strings are rotated clockwise by alpha degrees, and the coordinate values ​​in the list of strings and transformer are updated. (Reference) Figure 3A and Figure 3B , Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power station drawing before azimuth rotation, provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 3B This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power station drawing after azimuth rotation, provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0050] It is understood that the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented on photovoltaic power plant drawings, so as to generate the cable path of the photovoltaic power generation unit on the photovoltaic power plant drawings.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application; regarding the above step S160, it may include, but is not limited to, steps S260 and S360.

[0052] Step S260: Using the updated abscissa of the center point of the first photovoltaic group as a reference, and combining it with the lateral length of a single photovoltaic string in the photovoltaic power generation unit, the candidate range is obtained; Step S360: Mark the midpoint of all photovoltaic strings in the width direction within the candidate range to obtain the inverter installation location set.

[0053] Understandably, photovoltaic (PV) strings are typically laid horizontally on the support structure. The midpoint of the PV string's width is often closer to the natural convergence point of the cable routing, which significantly reduces the crossing and detour of DC-side cables, thereby reducing material costs and line losses. If the inverter is installed on the midline of the PV string's width, it ensures that the positive and negative cable lengths from each string to the inverter are basically symmetrical, avoiding current mismatch problems caused by differences in conductor length and improving MPPT tracking efficiency. From a construction perspective, the midpoint of the width is usually aligned with the main beam or support structure of the support structure, which facilitates the fixing of the inverter and the centralized laying of cable trays, reducing the complexity of on-site installation.

[0054] Therefore, in this embodiment, the center point of the first photovoltaic array is not used to represent the location for installing the inverter, but rather the midpoint of the photovoltaic string in the width direction is used as the location for installing the inverter. For example, if the outline of the photovoltaic string is rectangular, the midpoint of the two wide sides of the photovoltaic string can be used as the location for installing the inverter.

[0055] Based on this, using the updated x-coordinate of the center point of the first photovoltaic array as a reference, and combining it with the lateral length of a single photovoltaic string in the photovoltaic power generation unit, a candidate range is obtained. That is, the candidate range = the updated x-coordinate of the center point of the first photovoltaic array ± the lateral length of a single photovoltaic string in the photovoltaic power generation unit. By marking the midpoints of all photovoltaic strings within the candidate range in the width direction, the inverter installation location set can be obtained. (Reference) Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an inverter installation location set provided in another embodiment of this application, where the points in the diagram represent inverter installation locations.

[0056] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application; regarding the above step S360, it may include, but is not limited to, steps S460, S560 and S660.

[0057] Step S460: Mark the midpoint of all photovoltaic strings in the width direction within the candidate range to obtain the candidate point set; Step S560: Extract the maximum number of inverter strings that can be connected from the photovoltaic equipment selection information. Obtain the minimum number of inverters by combining the total number of photovoltaic strings and the maximum number of inverter strings that can be connected. Step S660: If the number of marked points in the candidate point set is less than the minimum number of inverters, expand the candidate range by marking the midpoint of all photovoltaic strings in the width direction within the expanded candidate range until the number of marked points in the candidate point set is not less than the minimum number of inverters, thus obtaining the inverter installation location set.

[0058] It is understandable that inverters have a parameter for the maximum number of strings that can be connected. This parameter represents the maximum number of strings that a single inverter can connect to. Therefore, by dividing the total number of photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit by the maximum number of strings that the inverter can connect to (i.e., the total number of photovoltaic strings divided by the maximum number of strings that the inverter can connect to), the minimum number of inverters can be obtained. The minimum number of inverters is also the minimum number of inverters required for the photovoltaic power generation unit.

[0059] In addition, the number of midpoints in the width direction of all photovoltaic strings within the candidate range is not necessarily equal to the minimum number of inverters. The number of midpoints in the width direction of all photovoltaic strings within the candidate range may be greater than or less than the minimum number of inverters. If the number of midpoints in the width direction of all photovoltaic strings within the candidate range is less than the minimum number of inverters, it means that the number of locations for installing inverters currently determined is not sufficient. Therefore, for all photovoltaic strings within the candidate range, the midpoints in the width direction can be marked to obtain a candidate point set. At this time, the marked points in the candidate point set are not yet determined as the locations for installing inverters. By comparing the number of marked points in the candidate point set with the minimum number of inverters, if the number of marked points in the candidate point set is less than the minimum number of inverters, the candidate range is expanded. In this embodiment, the updated x-coordinate of the center point of the first photovoltaic array can be used as the reference, that is, the reference remains unchanged but the range on both sides of the reference point is expanded. For example, the candidate range = the updated x-coordinate of the center point of the first photovoltaic array ± The horizontal length of the two photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit, or the candidate range = the horizontal coordinate of the center point of the updated first photovoltaic group ± the horizontal length of 1.5 photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit. In this way, the marked points in the candidate point set can be increased until the number of marked points in the candidate point set is not less than the minimum number of inverters. At this time, it can be considered that the number of locations where inverters can be installed is not less than the minimum number of inverters required by the photovoltaic power generation unit. At least one of the marked points in the candidate point set has the minimum number of inverters that can be used as the number of inverters to be installed. Therefore, the candidate point set is used as the inverter installation location set.

[0060] like Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application; regarding the above step S120, it may include, but is not limited to, steps S220 and S320.

[0061] Step S220: Based on the lateral length of all photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit and the first cable length threshold, obtain a first calculated value for determining the number of the first photovoltaic group; Step S320: Based on the first calculated value, the photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit are divided into multiple first photovoltaic groups.

[0062] Understandably, the maximum length of photovoltaic cables is usually determined by voltage drop limits and line loss standards. For example, when the cable length exceeds the critical value, the line impedance will cause a significant drop in output voltage, affecting the system's power generation efficiency. If the lateral distribution range of the strings in the entire power generation unit is too large, and only a single main path is used for centralized wiring, some strings will be too far from the inverter, causing their connecting cables to exceed the maximum allowable length. In this case, by increasing the number of cable paths to disperse the cable convergence points, the distance from each string to the nearest cable path is controlled within a safe range.

[0063] Therefore, in this embodiment, a first calculated value for determining the number of first photovoltaic groups can be obtained based on the lateral length of all photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit and the first cable length threshold. For example, the integer part of the quotient of the lateral length of all photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit divided by the maximum length of the photovoltaic cable can be used as the first calculated value. The first calculated value represents that, under ideal uniform distribution, at least the number of independent cable paths of the first calculated value is required to cover the lateral span of the entire string area. Each cable path is responsible for connecting strings of approximately the length of the lateral length of all photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit divided by the first calculated value, thereby ensuring that the length of all branch cables does not exceed the limit. Based on the first calculated value, the photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit are divided into multiple first photovoltaic groups, that is, the photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit are divided into multiple first photovoltaic groups with the number of the first calculated value.

[0064] like Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 This is a flowchart of a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application; regarding the above step S170, it may include, but is not limited to, steps S270 and S370.

[0065] Step S270: Based on the inverter installation location set, use a preset planning algorithm to obtain the inverter installation location and combiner unit division information; Step S370: Generate the cable path of the photovoltaic power generation unit and the corresponding cable installation information based on the inverter installation location, the busbar unit division information, the location of the photovoltaic strings, and the location of the box-type substation.

[0066] It can be understood that the number of inverter installation locations in the concentrated inverter installation locations may be more than the actual required number of inverter installation locations. Therefore, it is also necessary to select from the concentrated inverter installation locations and divide the busbar units simultaneously.

[0067] In this embodiment, according to the set of inverter installation locations, using a preset planning algorithm, the inverter installation location and the busbar unit division information can be obtained. The selection of the inverter installation location and the partition of the busbar unit can be converted into a mixed linear integer programming problem, and a solver is used to calculate the inverter location selection and busbar partition scheme with the minimum cost. That is to say, the preset planning algorithm can be a mixed linear integer programming problem, or it can also be a simplex method, a Monte Carlo algorithm, a genetic algorithm, a simulated annealing algorithm, a particle swarm algorithm, etc.

[0068] Specifically, in the mixed linear integer programming problem, a mathematical model can be established according to the set of inverter installation locations and solved through the mathematical model; Exemplarily, in establishing the mathematical model in the set of inverter installation locations: Decision variables: Xj (bool): 0 < j <= the number of candidate locations L, Xj = 1 represents building an inverter at the j-th point, otherwise not building; Gij (bool): 0 < i <= the number of strings, Yij = 1 represents allocating the i-th point to inverter j, otherwise not allocating; Cost function: , Among them, represents the distance from string i to candidate location j; represents the distance from candidate location j to the phase change; Constraint conditions: sum(Xj) = the number of inverters to be built; sum(Yic) <= the upper limit of the number of strings that each inverter can connect; sum(Ycj) == 1, each string has and only has one corresponding inverter; <0OO0255>Yij <= Xj, the possibility that string i is allocated to inverter j <= j is an inverter.

[0069] Thus, based on the inverter installation location, the busbar unit division information, the location of the photovoltaic strings, and the location of the box-type substation, the cable path of the photovoltaic power generation unit and the corresponding cable installation information are generated. Refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the inverter installation location and combiner unit division provided in another embodiment of this application, where × represents the selected inverter location and the color represents the partitioning of the string and inverter.

[0070] After obtaining the inverter location and the division information of the string and combiner units, the inverter and string can be encoded in order from top to bottom and from left to right according to the numbering rules.

[0071] like Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 This is a flowchart of a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application; regarding the above step S370, it may include, but is not limited to, steps S470 and S570.

[0072] Step S470: Based on the inverter installation location, combiner unit partitioning information, photovoltaic string location, and transformer location, construct the topology pathfinding space for the photovoltaic power generation unit; Step S570: Generate the cable paths between each photovoltaic device and the corresponding cable installation information in the topology pathfinding space.

[0073] In this embodiment, the topology of the photovoltaic power station can be used to generate optimized cable paths between various photovoltaic devices and corresponding cable installation information. For example, devices such as strings, inverters and transformer substations can be abstracted into points, and these points can be connected according to certain rules. The length of the edge is the distance between the points, thereby generating an abstract graph structure of the photovoltaic power station drawing, i.e., the topology pathfinding space.

[0074] In this embodiment, the construction steps of the abstract graph structure of the photovoltaic power station drawing, i.e., the topological pathfinding space, include: Convert the string, inverter, and transformer into nodes of a graph-structured pathfinding space; The improved A* algorithm is used to generate the path from the transformer substation to the junction point (in this embodiment, the main path is the path from the transformer substation to the junction point). In order from left to right and top to bottom, group by Y-axis, use KD tree to find neighboring groups, connect the midpoints of the groups in sequence, and connect the inverter and main path, and the main path and transformer, with the side length being the distance between the points. Determine whether the graph is connected. If it is not connected, find the minimum cost connection scheme between the non-connected components using the minimum generating graph algorithm of the photovoltaic power station to make the graph connected. Denote these edges as E. The minimum generation graph algorithm merges multiple connected components of the current graph into a single connected graph by adding edges with minimum cost. The steps of the minimum generation graph algorithm include: Identify all connected components in the graph; Calculate all possible connections between connected components and their costs; Use the minimum spanning tree algorithm to select the optimal connecting edge; Add the selected edge to the original graph.

[0075] refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a flowchart of an improved A* algorithm applied to a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application. The improvements of the improved A* algorithm are as follows: the judgment condition for finding a path is that the current point is on the target line segment, rather than the current point being the target point; the heuristic information is the distance from the current point to the target line segment, i.e., the absolute value of the difference in X coordinates, rather than the distance to the target point; at the same time, a penalty for changes in direction is added; and an incentive for path reuse is added.

[0076] refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the topology pathfinding space provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0077] In another embodiment of the cable planning and design method provided in this application, the topology pathfinding space includes the connecting edges between each photovoltaic device, and each connecting edge has a cable path weight value that characterizes the cost of converting it into a cable path; such as Figure 13 As shown, Figure 13 This is a flowchart of a cable planning and design method provided in another embodiment of this application; regarding the above step S570, it may include, but is not limited to, step S670.

[0078] Step S670: Using a preset shortest path algorithm, combined with the cable path weight value of each connected edge, generate the cable path between each photovoltaic device and the corresponding cable installation information. The cable installation information includes cable laying information, cable tray laying information, cable duct laying information and equipment cable connection information.

[0079] It is understandable that the connection relationship of edges in the topological pathfinding space can represent the actual path of power transmission. For example, the edge from the inverter to the main path represents the convergence direction of photovoltaic cables, and the edge from the main path to the transformer corresponds to the trunk layout of the busbar cable. The weight assignment abstracts the key attributes of these paths (cable length, voltage drop, laying cost or construction difficulty) into comparable values. By setting the weight differently, for example, giving higher weight to edges in undulating terrain areas, or increasing the weight of edges connected over long distances proportionally, the optimization algorithm can automatically identify the globally optimal cable route and avoid the local optimum problem caused by relying solely on empirical design.

[0080] Furthermore, the weighted model can flexibly integrate multiple objective constraints. For example, while pursuing the shortest path, the weight coefficients can be adjusted to minimize the cable cross-sectional area or achieve a uniform distribution of voltage drop. In addition, the pathfinding algorithm (Dijkstra or A* algorithm) can be directly applied to the topology space to quickly generate cable laying schemes that meet electrical specifications and are economically optimal, while providing a data foundation for subsequent construction drawing annotation, material statistics, and operation and maintenance path planning.

[0081] Therefore, when constructing the topology pathfinding space, edges can be connected between the inverter and the main path, and between the main path and the transformer substation, so that the topology pathfinding space includes the connected edges between each photovoltaic device. Each edge is assigned a weight value, so that each connected edge has a cable path weight value that represents the cost of converting it into a cable path. Then, using a preset shortest path algorithm, combined with the cable path weight value of each connected edge, the cable paths between each photovoltaic device and the corresponding cable installation information are generated.

[0082] Understandably, photovoltaic cables between the string and the inverter are preferentially installed in the mounting slots of the mounting bracket where the string is located (without increasing additional laying costs). In other cases, they are laid through pipes or cable trays depending on the length of the cable. The busbar cables between the string and the phase changer are installed on cable trays of different sizes (accommodating different numbers of cables). Different sizes of cable trays have different costs. Therefore, different laying costs need to be considered when optimizing the cable route. Based on this, in one embodiment, the preset shortest path algorithm can be the Dijsktra algorithm. Considering the additional costs brought by different laying methods, when using Dijsktra to find the shortest path, for two points with equal distances, the one with lower laying method cost (weight) takes priority. Assigning weights to the connected edges between photovoltaic devices can include: Horizontally, strings with a distance of less than or equal to the length of one string are usually installed on a bracket or connected by flying pipes, which minimizes the laying cost (weight). The cost (weight) of connecting nodes and inverters on the main path to the main path is relatively small; Edges in a connected graph have a higher connection cost (weight). The connection cost (weight) from the transformer substation to the main path is the highest.

[0083] It is understandable that after constructing the topology pathfinding space of the photovoltaic power generation unit, assigning cable path weight values ​​to the connected edges of the topology pathfinding space is used to optimize the topology pathfinding space so that the cables are arranged according to business requirements. Subsequently, the improved Dijsktra algorithm can be used to optimize the cable paths when generating the cable paths between each photovoltaic device. When generating the busbar, the improved Dijsktra algorithm can be used for calculation. The improvements of the improved Dijsktra algorithm include: considering the penalty for changes in the direction of travel, and the distance penalty between the current node and the center of the string set (the greater the distance, the greater the penalty; paths that have been traversed by the cable are given priority, with edge weights multiplied by 0.99; and the distance penalty between the current node and the center of the string set (the greater the distance, the heavier the penalty).

[0084] When generating photovoltaic cables, an improved Dijsktra algorithm can be used for calculation. The improvements of the improved Dijsktra algorithm are the same as those for generating busbar cables. It should be noted that this embodiment supports both same-side and opposite-side string connection methods. Same-side connection requires considering the paths from the left and right midpoints to the inverter; opposite-side connection requires considering the shortest path from the side closest to the inverter. Regardless of the method, each string has two cable paths to its inverter, forming a loop.

[0085] Subsequently, the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic power station can be reversed to restore the original coordinate system, and the cable paths can be classified and statistically analyzed to obtain statistical information on the paths of different types of cable trays for pipelines, photovoltaic cable trays, and busbar cables.

[0086] Based on this, the impact of cable laying costs for different laying methods such as subdivided pipes, cable trays, and channel steel on cable route optimization was considered, and the laying materials for different laying methods can also be statistically analyzed.

[0087] Based on the cable planning and design methods described above, the following presents various embodiments of the operation control device, electronic device, and computer-readable storage medium of this application.

[0088] like Figure 14 As shown, Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of an operation control device for executing a cable planning and design method according to an embodiment of this application. The operation control device 1400 implemented in this application includes: a processor 1420, a memory 1410, and a computer program stored in the memory 1410 and executable on the processor 1420, wherein... Figure 14 The example uses a processor 1420 and a memory 1410.

[0089] Processor 1420 and memory 1410 can be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 14 Taking the example of a connection between China and Israel via a bus.

[0090] Memory 1410, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs and non-transitory computer-executable programs. Furthermore, memory 1410 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, memory 1410 may optionally include remotely located memories 1410 relative to processor 1420, which can be connected to the operation control device 1400 via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0091] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 14 The device structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the operation control device 1400, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0092] exist Figure 14 In the illustrated operation control device 1400, the processor 1420 can be used to call the control program stored in the memory 1410, thereby implementing the cable planning and design method described above. Specifically, the non-transitory software program and instructions required to implement the cable planning and design method of the above embodiment are stored in the memory 1410, and when executed by the processor 1420, the cable planning and design method of the above embodiment is executed.

[0093] It is worth noting that, since the operation control device 1400 of this application embodiment can execute the cable planning and design method of any of the above embodiments, the specific implementation method and technical effect of the operation control device 1400 of this application embodiment can refer to the specific implementation method and technical effect of the cable planning and design method of any of the above embodiments.

[0094] Furthermore, one embodiment of this application also provides an electronic device that includes the operation control device described in the above embodiment.

[0095] It is worth noting that, since the electronic device of this application embodiment includes the operation control device of the above embodiments, and the operation control device of the above embodiments can execute the cable planning and design method of any of the above embodiments, the specific implementation method and technical effect of the electronic device of this application embodiment can refer to the specific implementation method and technical effect of the cable planning and design method of any of the above embodiments.

[0096] Furthermore, one embodiment of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for performing the cable planning and design method described above. Exemplarily, the above-described method is executed... Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figures 6 to 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 13 The methods and steps in the text.

[0097] It is worth noting that, since the computer-readable storage medium of this application embodiment can execute the cable planning and design method of any of the above embodiments, the specific implementation and technical effects of the computer-readable storage medium of this application embodiment can be referred to the specific implementation and technical effects of the cable planning and design method of any of the above embodiments.

[0098] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or some of the steps and systems in the methods disclosed above can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. Some or all of the physical components can be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software can be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which may include computer storage media or non-transitory media and communication media or transient media. As is known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc DVD or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridges, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and is accessible to a computer. Furthermore, as is known to those skilled in the art, communication media typically contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in modulated data signals such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery medium.

[0099] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, instruments, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the instrument embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the shown or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between instruments or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms. Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0100] It should also be understood that the various implementation methods provided in this application can be combined arbitrarily to achieve different technical effects.

[0101] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this application.

Claims

1. An improved method for planning and designing photovoltaic engineering cables, characterized in that, include: Obtain photovoltaic equipment information for the photovoltaic power generation unit, including photovoltaic equipment selection information, the location of photovoltaic strings, and the location of the transformer substation; The photovoltaic power generation unit is divided into multiple first photovoltaic groups, and each first photovoltaic group has a center point for determining the location of the inverter. Analyze the distances between each photovoltaic string to establish a first distance matrix, and analyze the distances between each photovoltaic string and the transformer of the photovoltaic power generation unit to establish a second distance matrix; Extract a first cable length threshold and a second cable length threshold from the photovoltaic equipment information. Obtain a first penalty value using the first distance matrix and the corresponding first cable length threshold. Obtain a second penalty value using the second distance matrix and the corresponding second cable length threshold. Based on the first distance matrix, the second distance matrix, the first penalty value, and the second penalty value, the first photovoltaic group is updated until the center point of each first photovoltaic group does not change; Based on the updated location of the center point of the first photovoltaic array, the inverter installation location set is obtained; Based on the inverter installation location set, the location of the photovoltaic string, and the location of the transformer substation, the cable path and corresponding cable installation information of the photovoltaic power generation unit are generated.

2. The cable planning and design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the inverter installation location set based on the updated center point position of the first photovoltaic array includes: Using the updated x-coordinate of the center point of the first photovoltaic array as a reference, and combining it with the lateral length of a single photovoltaic string in the photovoltaic power generation unit, a candidate range is obtained; The midpoints of all photovoltaic strings within the candidate range in the width direction are marked to obtain the inverter installation location set.

3. The cable planning and design method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of marking the midpoints of all photovoltaic strings within the candidate range in the width direction to obtain the inverter installation location set includes: Mark the midpoints of all photovoltaic strings within the candidate range in the width direction to obtain a candidate point set; The maximum number of inverter strings that can be connected is extracted from the selection information of the photovoltaic equipment. The minimum number of inverters is obtained by combining the number of all photovoltaic strings and the maximum number of inverter strings that can be connected. If the number of marked points in the candidate point set is less than the minimum number of inverters, the candidate range is expanded. All photovoltaic strings in the expanded candidate range are marked at the midpoint of the width direction until the number of marked points in the candidate point set is not less than the minimum number of inverters, thus obtaining the inverter installation location set.

4. The cable planning and design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of dividing the photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit into multiple first photovoltaic groups includes: Based on the lateral length of all photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit and the first cable length threshold, a first calculated value is obtained to determine the number of the first photovoltaic arrays. Based on the first calculated value, the photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic power generation unit are divided into multiple first photovoltaic groups.

5. The cable planning and design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating the cable path and corresponding cable installation information of the photovoltaic power generation unit based on the inverter installation location set, the location of the photovoltaic string, and the location of the transformer substation includes: Based on the inverter installation location set, the inverter installation location and combiner unit division information are obtained using a preset planning algorithm; Based on the inverter installation location, the combiner unit division information, the location of the photovoltaic string, and the location of the transformer substation, the cable path and corresponding cable installation information of the photovoltaic power generation unit are generated.

6. The cable planning and design method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of generating the cable path and corresponding cable installation information for the photovoltaic power generation unit based on the inverter installation location, the combiner unit partitioning information, the location of the photovoltaic string, and the location of the transformer substation includes: Based on the inverter installation location, the combiner unit partitioning information, the location of the photovoltaic string, and the location of the transformer substation, a topological pathfinding space for the photovoltaic power generation unit is constructed. The cable paths between each photovoltaic device and the corresponding cable installation information are generated in the topology pathfinding space.

7. The cable planning and design method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The topology pathfinding space includes connecting edges between each photovoltaic device, and each connecting edge has a cable path weight value that represents the cost of converting it into a cable path; The process of generating cable paths and corresponding cable installation information between photovoltaic devices in the topology pathfinding space includes: Using a preset shortest path algorithm and combining the cable path weight value of each connected edge, the cable paths between each photovoltaic device and the corresponding cable installation information are generated. The cable installation information includes cable laying information, cable tray laying information, cable duct laying information, and equipment cable connection information.

8. An operation control device, characterized in that, It includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the cable planning and design method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the operation control device as described in claim 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the cable planning and design method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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