Power generation system protection circuit and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power generation systems, in particular to a power generation system protection circuit and a control method thereof, and the circuit comprises a central controller, and a generator module, a control module and an energy storage battery module which are connected with the central controller; the generator module, the control module and the energy storage battery module are connected in sequence; the control module comprises a driving sub-circuit and a protection sub-circuit; the driving sub-circuit and the protection sub-circuit are connected in parallel and then are connected with the energy storage battery module, a first end of the driving sub-circuit is connected with the generator module, a second end of the driving sub-circuit is connected with the protection sub-circuit, and a negative electrode of the protection sub-circuit is connected with a negative electrode of the energy storage battery module through a target power tube. The circuit can identify the fault risk of the power generation system circuit and control the fault risk in the power generation system circuit, guarantees the real-time detection and effective control of the working state of the power generation system circuit, and improves the safety and reliability of the power generation system circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power generation system technology, and in particular to a power generation system protection circuit and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] As a core device for energy conversion and a key component of power generation system circuits, generators are indispensable for everything from daily electricity use to industrial drives. For example, generators are used to charge the energy storage batteries of electrical equipment during fieldwork, exploration, or in areas with incomplete power grid coverage. In vehicle range extenders, generators in the power generation system circuit often charge the battery to address issues such as incomplete charging and range anxiety. Large vehicles require generators in the power generation system circuit to charge their energy storage batteries during parking periods to ensure the normal operation of the vehicle's electrical equipment and maintain continuous operation.

[0003] Existing power generation systems typically use DC-powered generators for energy supply. In these systems, energy storage batteries are usually directly connected to the power supply circuit, which presents at least the following technical problems: 1. Startup conditions need to be defined when the power generation system circuit supplies power. If the startup conditions cannot be determined in time when the circuit system experiences a transient abnormality, the power generation system circuit will repeatedly start, leading to abnormal power supply and energy storage.

[0004] 2. There is no disconnection and isolation mechanism between the power devices in the power generation system circuit. When any power device in the power generation system circuit fails, the power supply to the power generation system circuit remains directly connected, and the power supply loop cannot be cut off, which directly leads to a short circuit that burns out the energy storage battery or the entire power generation system circuit, causing serious accidents such as fires.

[0005] Therefore, existing power generation system circuits suffer from at least low safety and reliability issues. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a power generation system protection circuit and its control method, which solves the technical problem of low reliability in existing power generation system circuits. It achieves the identification and control of fault risks in the power generation system circuit within the circuit itself, ensures real-time detection and effective control of the circuit's operating status, avoids the situation where the power generation system circuit continues to supply power even when it is abnormal, and improves the safety and reliability of the power generation system circuit.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a power generation system protection circuit, comprising: a central controller, and a generator module, a control module, and an energy storage battery module connected to the central controller; one end of the control module is connected to the generator module, and the other end is connected to the energy storage battery module; The control module includes a drive sub-circuit and a protection sub-circuit. The drive sub-circuit and the protection sub-circuit are connected in parallel. The first terminal of the drive sub-circuit is connected to the generator module, and the second terminal of the drive sub-circuit is connected to the protection sub-circuit. The protection sub-circuit is also connected to the energy storage battery module. The negative terminal of the protection sub-circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage battery module through a target power transistor, so as to control the state of the target power transistor through the protection sub-circuit and realize the power transfer between the generator module and the energy storage battery module.

[0008] Optionally, the protection sub-circuit includes: determining the driver and the target power transistor; The first terminal of the judgment driver is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage battery module and the upper bridge of the second terminal of the driving sub-circuit. The second terminal of the judgment driver is connected to the first terminal of the target power transistor. The second terminal of the target power transistor is connected to the lower bridge of the second terminal of the driving sub-circuit. The third terminal of the target power transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage battery module.

[0009] Optionally, the protection sub-circuit further includes: resistor R1, resistor R2, capacitor C1, and capacitor C2; The resistor R1 is connected in series between the second terminal of the judgment driver and the first terminal of the target power transistor; The first end of resistor R2 and the first end of capacitor C1 are both connected to the connection point between the first terminal of the target power transistor and resistor R1. The second end of resistor R2 and the second end of capacitor C1 are both connected to the third terminal of the target power transistor. Through resistor R1, resistor R2, and capacitor C1, the stability, reliability, and safety of the control signal and switching speed of the target power transistor are ensured. The capacitor C2 is connected in parallel between the second terminal of the driving sub-circuit and the protection sub-circuit to prevent sudden changes in the loop current of the power generation system protection circuit from causing the target power transistor to break down and be damaged.

[0010] Optionally, the judgment driver includes: a control sub-circuit, a detection sub-circuit, a judgment sub-circuit, and a drive protection sub-circuit; The control sub-circuit is used to control the state of the target power transistor based on the signal received from the central controller; The detection sub-circuit is used to acquire the sampling voltage of the target power transistor when the target power transistor is controlled to be in the conducting state by the control sub-circuit, amplify the sampling voltage, and output the amplified sampling voltage. The judgment sub-circuit is used to receive the first signal sent by the central controller and the amplified sampling voltage, compare the amplified sampling voltage with the reference voltage of the target power transistor, and output a comparison control signal to the central controller so that the central controller can control the state of the target power transistor in real time to avoid the current in the power generation system protection circuit being in an abnormal state, which would damage the power generation system protection circuit. The first signal is the signal that the power generation system protection circuit is in the working state, and the reference voltage is generated based on the first signal. The drive protection sub-circuit is used to acquire the second signal sent by the central controller and the sampled voltage of the target power transistor, compare the sampled voltage, and output a comparison protection signal to the central controller to avoid the target power transistor being in an abnormal state and to send an alarm signal in a timely manner. The second signal is a signal that the power generation system protection circuit is in a non-operating state.

[0011] Optionally, the judgment sub-circuit includes: a first judgment comparator and an inverter; The non-inverting input of the first judgment comparator is connected to the output of the detection sub-circuit; the inverting input of the first judgment comparator is connected to the output of the inverter; the output of the first judgment comparator is connected to the protection terminal of the central controller; and the input of the inverter is connected to the control terminal of the central controller. The drive protection sub-circuit includes: a power transistor Q11 and a second judgment comparator; The first terminal of the power transistor Q11 is connected to the second terminal of the target power transistor, the second terminal of the power transistor Q11 is connected to the internal power supply, and the third terminal of the power transistor Q11 is connected to the ground terminal and the non-inverting input terminal of the second judgment comparator. The inverting input of the second comparator is connected to the control terminal of the central controller, and the output of the second comparator is connected to the protection terminal of the central controller.

[0012] Optionally, the driving sub-circuit is a three-phase full-bridge circuit, a half-bridge circuit, or an H-bridge circuit.

[0013] Optionally, the generator module includes: a generator and a Hall sensor; The generator is connected to the external engine and the control module, and is used to generate electricity or start the external engine; The Hall sensor is connected to the generator and is used to control the generator's speed.

[0014] Based on the same inventive concept, in a second aspect, the present invention also provides a control method for a power generation system protection circuit, applied to the power generation system protection circuit as described in the first aspect, the method comprising: During the process of starting an external engine through the power generation system protection circuit, or during the process of the generator module of the power generation system protection circuit being in the power generation state, the central controller of the power generation system protection circuit sends a first signal to the control module of the power generation system protection circuit, and the control module obtains the target sampling voltage of the target power tube, wherein the first signal is a signal that the power generation system protection circuit is in the working state. Based on the first signal, the control module compares the target sampling voltage with the reference voltage of the target power transistor to obtain a comparison control signal, and sends the comparison control signal to the central controller. If the comparison control signal is a signal that the target sampling voltage is greater than the reference voltage, then the central controller sends a second signal to the control module to control the target power transistor to be in the off state, wherein the second signal is a signal that the power generation system protection circuit is in the non-operating state.

[0015] Optionally, based on the first signal, the step of comparing the target sampling voltage with the reference voltage of the target power transistor through the control module to obtain a comparison control signal, and sending the comparison control signal to the central controller, includes: The control module receives the first signal sent by the central controller through its control sub-circuit, and controls the target power transistor to be in the on state based on the first signal. The detection sub-circuit of the control module obtains the sampling voltage of the target power transistor, amplifies the sampling voltage, outputs the amplified sampling voltage, and uses the amplified sampling voltage as the target sampling voltage. The control module's judgment sub-circuit receives the first signal and the amplified sampled voltage, compares the amplified sampled voltage with the reference voltage of the target power transistor, and outputs a comparison control signal to the central controller. This enables the central controller to control the state of the target power transistor in real time, preventing the current in the power generation system protection circuit from being in an abnormal state and causing damage to the power generation system protection circuit. The reference voltage is generated based on the first signal.

[0016] Optional, also includes: During the period when the power generation system protection circuit is in an inactive state, the central controller sends the second signal to the power generation system protection circuit, and the control module controls the target power transistor to be in a cut-off state.

[0017] One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The power generation system protection circuit of this invention adjusts the state of the entire circuit by controlling the state of the target power transistor. Specifically, when the target power transistor is in the on state, the entire power generation system protection circuit forms a complete circuit; when the target power transistor is in the off state (i.e., the off state), the entire power generation system protection circuit forms an open circuit. This allows for the identification and control of risks within the entire system circuit, enabling real-time reflection of faults in the entire system circuit and ensuring real-time detection and effective control of the entire system circuit's operating status. Furthermore, through the control module and the target power transistor, the entire system circuit can be effectively stopped from operating in the event of a short circuit, preventing serious accidents caused by the burnout of the entire system circuit, thus giving the power generation system protection circuit high safety and reliability. Moreover, this invention achieves control of the entire system circuit solely through the control module and the target power transistor, significantly reducing the overall fire risk of the power supply. It also boasts advantages of low cost and strong compatibility, making it applicable to multiple fields such as photovoltaics, power grids, and new energy vehicles.

[0018] Furthermore, the target power transistor is located at the negative terminals of both the control module and the energy storage battery module, which are grounded. Therefore, the power generation system protection circuit in this embodiment uses low-side control to maintain the on / off state of the entire loop, ensuring that the control module and the energy storage battery module are connected to the same reference potential point, achieving unified electrical connections. This eliminates the need for independent grounding networks for each module, simplifying the overall system circuit architecture, reducing wiring complexity, lowering material and construction costs, improving the electrical and thermal stability caused by loop losses, and enhancing anti-interference and reliability. Moreover, a dual protection mechanism is implemented through the control module: when the target power transistor is in the off state, the sampled voltage of the target power transistor is compared with the voltage threshold corresponding to the second signal output by the central controller, and a comparison protection signal is output to the central controller to provide feedback on any anomalies, thus achieving a dual protection mechanism for the target power transistor and the system circuit. This further improves the safety and reliability of the system circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 A circuit diagram of a power generation system protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A circuit diagram of the control module in an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a control method for a power generation system protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0021] Example 1 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a protection circuit for a power generation system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a central controller 110, and a generator module 120, a control module 130, and an energy storage battery module 140 connected to the central controller 110. One end of the control module 130 is connected to the generator module 120, and the other end is connected to the energy storage battery module 140.

[0022] The control module 130 includes a drive sub-circuit 131 and a protection sub-circuit 132. The drive sub-circuit 131 and the protection sub-circuit 132 are connected in parallel. The first terminal of the drive sub-circuit 131 is connected to the generator module 120, and the second terminal of the drive sub-circuit 131 is connected to the protection sub-circuit 132. The protection sub-circuit 132 is also connected to the energy storage battery module 140. The negative terminal of the protection sub-circuit 132 is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage battery module 140 through a target power transistor. This allows the protection sub-circuit 132 to control the state of the target power transistor and ensures that the grounding terminals of all modules in the power generation system protection circuit are connected to the same reference point. This guarantees electrical consistency, simplifies the system circuit architecture, reduces wiring complexity and cost, and enables power transfer between the generator module 120 and the energy storage battery module 140.

[0023] In this embodiment, a control module 130 is provided between the generator module 120 and the energy storage battery module 140 as part of the power generation system protection circuit. The control module 130 includes a drive sub-circuit 131 and a protection sub-circuit 132. The drive sub-circuit 131 and the protection sub-circuit 132 are connected in parallel. The drive sub-circuit 131 is located between the generator module 120 and the protection sub-circuit 132, and the protection sub-circuit 132 is located between the drive sub-circuit 131 and the energy storage battery module 140. The negative terminal of the protection sub-circuit 132 is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage battery module 140 via a target power transistor.

[0024] It should be noted that the power generation system protection circuit in this embodiment can be referred to as the system circuit.

[0025] The power generation system protection circuit of this embodiment adjusts the state of the entire circuit by controlling the state of the target power transistor. Specifically, when the target power transistor is in the on state, the entire power generation system protection circuit forms a complete circuit; when the target power transistor is in the off state (i.e., the off state), the entire power generation system protection circuit forms an open circuit. This allows for the identification and control of risks within the entire system circuit, enabling real-time reflection of faults in the entire system circuit and ensuring real-time detection and effective control of the entire system circuit's operating status. Furthermore, through the control module 130 and the target power transistor, the entire system circuit can be effectively stopped from operating in the event of a short circuit, preventing serious accidents caused by the burnout of the entire system circuit, thus giving the power generation system protection circuit high safety and reliability. Moreover, this embodiment achieves control of the entire system circuit solely through the control module 130 and the target power transistor, significantly reducing the overall fire risk of the power supply. It has advantages of low cost and strong compatibility, and can be applied to multiple fields such as photovoltaics, power grids, and new energy vehicles.

[0026] Furthermore, the target power transistor is located at the negative terminals of both the control module 130 and the energy storage battery module 140, which are grounded. Therefore, the power generation system protection circuit in this embodiment uses low-side control to maintain the on / off state of the entire loop, ensuring that the control module 130 and the energy storage battery module 140 are connected to the same reference potential point, achieving unified electrical connections. This eliminates the need to design independent grounding networks for each module, simplifying the overall system circuit architecture, reducing wiring complexity, lowering material and construction costs, improving the electrical and thermal stability caused by loop losses in the entire system circuit, and enhancing anti-interference and reliability. Moreover, a dual protection mechanism is implemented through the control module 130: when the target power transistor is in the off state, the sampled voltage of the target power transistor is compared with the voltage threshold corresponding to the second signal output by the central controller 110, and a comparison protection signal is output to the central controller 110 to provide feedback on any anomalies, thus achieving a dual protection mechanism for the target power transistor and the system circuit. This further improves the safety and reliability of the system circuit.

[0027] Below, in conjunction with Figure 1 Detailed description of the power generation system protection circuit in this embodiment: The control module 130 includes a drive sub-circuit 131 and a protection sub-circuit 132. The drive sub-circuit 131 and the protection sub-circuit 132 are respectively connected to the central controller 110. The drive sub-circuit 131 and the protection sub-circuit 132 are connected in parallel and then connected to the energy storage battery module 140.

[0028] Specifically, the protection sub-circuit 132 includes: determining the driver and the target power transistor. For example... Figure 1As shown, the target power transistor is power transistor Q7. The target power transistor can be a MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor), a silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFET, a gallium nitride (GaN) power device, or other power devices according to actual needs. This embodiment uses a MOSFET as an example to illustrate the circuit structure connection relationship. The judgment driver is used to judge and control the state of the target power transistor, specifically to judge the risks, faults, and abnormalities in the entire power generation circuit, and control the state of the target power transistor according to the judgment result. When the target power transistor is in the on state, the generator module 120 and the energy storage battery module 140 are connected by the control module 130. When the target power transistor is in the off state, the generator module 120 and the energy storage battery module 140 are disconnected by the control module 130.

[0029] The first terminal of the driver is connected to the upper bridge of the positive terminal of the energy storage battery module 140 and the second terminal of the driver sub-circuit 131. The second terminal of the driver is connected to the first terminal of the target power transistor. The second terminal of the target power transistor is connected to the lower bridge of the second terminal of the driver sub-circuit 131, and the third terminal of the target power transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage battery module 140. The first terminal of the target power transistor is the gate, the second terminal is the drain, and the third terminal is the source.

[0030] By using a judgment driver, various risks and anomalies in the entire power generation system's protection circuit are identified. Upon identification, the judgment driver controls the target power transistor to be in the off state, thereby disconnecting the generator module 120 from the energy storage battery module 140 and feeding back the abnormal signal to the central controller 110. This prevents the entire system circuit from burning out and causing serious accidents, improving the safety and reliability of the entire system circuit. By adjusting the settings of the judgment driver and the target power transistor, risks, faults, and anomalies in the entire system circuit are identified and controlled within the entire system circuit. This enables real-time feedback of faults in the entire system circuit, ensuring real-time detection and effective control of the entire system circuit's operating status.

[0031] The protection sub-circuit 132 also includes resistors R1 and R2, and capacitors C1 and C2. Resistor R1 is connected in series between the second terminal of the judgment driver and the first terminal of the target power transistor. The first terminals of resistor R2 and capacitor C1 are both connected to the connection point between the first terminal of the target power transistor and resistor R1. The second terminals of resistor R2 and capacitor C1 are both connected to the third terminal of the target power transistor, i.e., resistor R2 and capacitor C2 are connected between the gate and source of the target power transistor. This configuration of resistors R1, R2, and C1 ensures the stability, reliability, and safety of the target power transistor's control signal and switching speed. This makes the target power transistor less prone to damage, extends its service life, and consequently prolongs the service life of the entire power generation system's protection circuit, improving the overall system circuit's reliability and safety.

[0032] Capacitor C2 is connected in parallel between the second terminal of the drive sub-circuit 131 and the protection sub-circuit 132. In this way, through resistor R2 and capacitor C2, the sudden change in loop current of the power generation system protection circuit is prevented from causing the target power transistor to break down and be damaged, thereby further ensuring the reliability and safety of the target power transistor and the entire system circuit.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the judgment driver in this embodiment includes: a control sub-circuit 1321, a detection sub-circuit 1322, a judgment sub-circuit 1323, and a drive protection sub-circuit 1324.

[0034] Control subcircuit 1321 is used to control the state of the target power transistor based on signals received from the central controller 110. For example, upon receiving a first signal from the central controller 110, control subcircuit 1321 controls the target power transistor to be in the ON state, thereby connecting the circuit between the generator module 120 and the energy storage battery module 140. The first signal is a high-level signal output by the central controller 110. Upon receiving a second signal from the central controller 110, control subcircuit 1321 controls the target power transistor to be in the OFF state, thereby disconnecting the circuit between the generator module 120 and the energy storage battery module 140. The second signal is a low-level signal output by the central controller 110.

[0035] The detection sub-circuit 1322 is used to acquire the sampling voltage of the target power transistor when it is controlled to be in the on state by the control sub-circuit 1321. The sampled voltage is then amplified (i.e., compared and amplified) and output as an amplified sampled voltage. The sampling voltage of the target power transistor is the voltage across the drain and source of the MOSFET. The detection sub-circuit 1322 acquires the sampling voltage of the target power transistor in real time, amplifies it, and then outputs the amplified sampled voltage to the judgment sub-circuit 1323. The amplified sampled voltage is then compared with the reference voltage of the target power transistor, enabling effective real-time monitoring and detection of the target power transistor's sampling voltage. The specific value of the reference voltage can be set according to actual needs.

[0036] The judgment sub-circuit 1323 receives the first signal and the amplified sampled voltage sent by the central controller 110, compares the amplified sampled voltage with the reference voltage of the target power transistor, and outputs a comparison control signal to the central controller 110. This enables the central controller 110 to control the state of the target power transistor in real time, preventing damage to the power generation system protection circuit due to abnormal current. The first signal indicates that the power generation system protection circuit is in operation, and the reference voltage is generated based on the first signal.

[0037] The drive protection sub-circuit 1324 is used to acquire the second signal sent by the central controller 110 and the sampled voltage of the target power transistor, compare the sampled voltage, and output a comparison protection signal to the central controller 110 to prevent the target power transistor from being in an abnormal state and to send an alarm signal in a timely manner. The second signal is the signal indicating that the power generation system protection circuit is not in operation.

[0038] This embodiment integrates the control subcircuit 1321, detection subcircuit 1322, judgment subcircuit 1323, and drive protection subcircuit 1324 into a single unit. It detects and controls the entire system circuit state. When an anomaly occurs in the system circuit, it achieves fast response and highly sensitive protection for the entire system circuit, improving application safety. The drive protection subcircuit 1324 further mitigates the risk of breakdown when the target power transistor Q7 is turned off due to high voltage at its drain when the control terminal of the central controller 110 outputs a low level, further enhancing the overall circuit reliability and safety. Each subcircuit is described in detail below.

[0039] The control sub-circuit 1321 includes power transistors Q8 and Q9. The first terminal of power transistor Q8 is connected to the control terminal of the central controller 110, the second terminal of power transistor Q8 is connected to the first terminal of the target power transistor via resistor R1, and the third terminal of power transistor Q8 is connected to the internal power supply. The first terminal of power transistor Q9 is connected to the control terminal of the critical controller, the second terminal of Q9 is connected to the second terminal of power transistor Q8, and the third terminal of Q9 is grounded.

[0040] It should be noted that the power transistors in this embodiment can be MOSFETs, bipolar transistors, or other power transistors as needed. Taking power transistors Q8 and Q9 as examples where both are bipolar transistors, the first terminal of Q8 and Q9 is the base, the second terminal is the emitter, and the third terminal is the collector. Power transistor Q8 is used to receive information sent by the control terminal of the central controller 110 and control the state of the target power transistor Q7 based on this information. Specifically: power transistor Q8 receives a first signal sent by the control terminal of the central controller 110 and controls the target power transistor Q7 to be in the on state. Power transistor Q8 receives a second signal sent by the control terminal of the central controller 110 and controls the target power transistor Q7 to be in the off state. In this way, the judgment driver of the control module 130, based on the signal of the central controller 110, achieves precise control of the state of the target power transistor Q7, simplifying the internal circuitry of the judgment driver.

[0041] The detection sub-circuit 1322 includes: resistor R3 and operational amplifier U1.1. The non-inverting input of operational amplifier U1.1 is connected to the second terminal of the target power transistor Q7 and ground (i.e., grounded) through resistor R3. The inverting input of operational amplifier U1.1 is grounded through resistor R4. The positive power supply terminal of operational amplifier U1.1 is connected to the internal power supply, and the negative power supply terminal is grounded. The output terminal of operational amplifier U1.1 is connected to the judgment sub-circuit 1323.

[0042] The working principle of the short-circuit detection is as follows: the central controller 110 outputs a first signal to the power transistor Q8, turning Q8 on. Then, under the control of the target power transistor Q7, which is also turned on by Q8, the sampling voltage of the drain of the target power transistor Q7 is collected and input to the operational amplifier via resistor R3. Resistor R3 is a current-limiting resistor, and its current-limiting value can be set according to actual needs to ensure the stability of the operational amplifier and the judgment driver. Under normal circumstances, port 2 (the inverting input) of operational amplifier U1.1 has a safety threshold set according to the actual circuit application. When port 3 (the non-inverting input) is working normally, the voltage signal at port 3 is less than or equal to this safety threshold. At this time, the comparison amplification of operational amplifier U1.1 is in an invalid comparison state, meaning that the input at port 3 of U1.1 is considered low. When the system circuit experiences overcurrent or other conditions, the drain of Q7 becomes high. At this time, the voltage at port 3 of U1.1 exceeds the safety threshold of port 2, and U1.1 outputs a high level to U2.1.

[0043] Therefore, when the power generation system protection circuit is in operation, if there is a risk, fault, or abnormality in the entire system circuit, an overcurrent phenomenon will occur, and the operational amplifier will output a high-level signal to the judgment sub-circuit 1323. If there is no risk, fault, or abnormality in the entire system circuit, it indicates that the entire system circuit is normal, and the operational amplifier will output a low-level signal to the judgment sub-circuit 1323.

[0044] The judgment sub-circuit 1323 includes a first judgment comparator U2.1 and an inverter U4. The input terminal of the inverter U4 is connected to the control terminal of the central controller 110. The non-inverting input terminal of the first judgment comparator U2.1 is connected to the output terminal of the detection sub-circuit 1322, the inverting input terminal of the first judgment comparator U2.1 is connected to the output terminal of the inverter U4, and the output terminal of the first judgment comparator U2.1 is connected to the protection terminal of the central controller 110.

[0045] The inverter receives signals sent from the control terminal of the central controller 110, inverts these signals, and outputs the inverted signals to the first judgment comparator. If the inverter receives a first signal (i.e., a high-level signal) from the control terminal of the central controller 110, it inverts the first signal to generate a low-level signal and outputs it to the first judgment comparator to generate a reference voltage for the target power transistor based on the low-level signal. If the inverter receives a second signal (i.e., a low-level signal) from the control terminal of the central controller 110, it inverts the second signal to generate a high-level signal and outputs it to the first judgment comparator, so that the first judgment comparator does not perform comparison processing or the comparison processing is in an invalid state.

[0046] Upon receiving a high-level signal from the inverter, the first comparator either enters an invalid comparison state or performs no comparison. Upon receiving a low-level signal from the inverter, the first comparator receives the amplified sampled voltage output from the operational amplifier of the detection sub-circuit 1322 and triggers the generation of a reference voltage for the target power transistor based on this low-level signal. The amplified sampled voltage is compared with the reference voltage, and a comparison control signal is output to the central controller 110. If the comparison control signal indicates that the amplified sampled voltage is greater than the reference voltage, it indicates a risk, fault, or abnormality in the entire system circuit. If the comparison control signal indicates that the amplified sampled voltage is not greater than the reference voltage, it indicates that there is no risk, fault, or abnormality in the entire system circuit, i.e., the entire system circuit is normal. The representation of a signal where the amplified sampled voltage is greater than the reference voltage can be set according to actual needs, for example, as a high-level signal. The representation of a signal where the amplified sampled voltage is not greater than the reference voltage can also be set according to actual needs, for example, as a low-level signal.

[0047] By using the inverter and the first comparator in the judgment sub-circuit 1323, the sampling voltage of the target power transistor is efficiently compared with the reference voltage. This enables accurate identification of risks, faults, or anomalies in the entire system circuit and controls them within the system circuit, ensuring real-time detection and effective control of the system circuit, and improving the reliability and safety of the entire system circuit.

[0048] The drive protection sub-circuit 1324 includes a power transistor Q11 and a second judgment comparator U3.1. The first terminal of the power transistor Q11 is connected to the second terminal of the target power transistor, and the second terminal of the power transistor Q11 is connected to the internal power supply. The third terminal of the power transistor Q11 is connected to the ground terminal and the non-inverting input terminal of the second judgment comparator, and the third terminal of the power transistor Q11 is also grounded through resistor R10. Taking all power transistors Q11 as bipolar transistors as an example, the first terminal of Q11 is the base, the second terminal is the emitter, and the third terminal is the collector. The inverting input terminal of the second judgment comparator U3.1 is connected to the control terminal of the central controller 110, and the output terminal of the second judgment comparator U3.1 is connected to the protection terminal of the central controller 110.

[0049] When the control terminal of the central controller 110 sends a second signal (i.e., a low-level signal) to the power transistor Q8, and the target power transistor Q7 is controlled to be in the off state by the power transistor Q8, there may be situations such as the target power transistor Q7 being accidentally turned on, the power transistor Q7 being damaged, or the external circuit being shot-through or short-circuited (e.g., a car collision). In this case, there is a high voltage at the drain of the target power transistor Q7. At this time, the signal flowing through R3 and amplified by U1.1 is input to U2.1, and the amplified signal is compared by U2.1. However, since the second signal (i.e., the low-level signal) sent by the control terminal becomes a high level after passing through the inverter U4, both the non-inverting input terminal (i.e., port 3 of U2.1) and the inverting input terminal (i.e., port 2 of U2.1) are in a high-level state. At this time, U2.1 is in an invalid comparison state and cannot correctly report the abnormality of the system circuit. Therefore, a drive protection sub-circuit 1324 is added. At this time, a high voltage exists at the drain of Q7, which enables power transistor Q11 to be in the conducting state. Power transistor Q11 then outputs the sampled voltage (i.e., a high-level signal) of the target power transistor Q7 to the second judgment comparator U3.1. The second judgment comparator U3.1 also receives a second signal (i.e., a low-level signal) from the central controller 110, comparing the sampled voltage with a voltage threshold generated based on the second signal. Since the high-level signal is at the non-inverting input of U3.1, the second judgment comparator U3.1 will output a high-level comparison protection signal to the central controller 110, feeding back the abnormality and implementing a dual protection mechanism. If the comparison protection signal is a signal where the sampled voltage is greater than the voltage threshold, it indicates that the target power transistor Q7 has malfunctioned or its state is abnormal. The central controller 110 needs to be alarmed to confirm that the target power transistor Q7 has malfunctioned or its state is abnormal, and the central controller 110 will again control the target power transistor Q7 to the cut-off state or control other external components (such as controlling the Hall sensor of the generator to stop the generator) to perform corresponding operations. If the comparison protection signal is a signal where the sampled voltage is not greater than the voltage threshold, it indicates that the target power transistor Q7 is in a stable state, ensuring that the state of the target power transistor Q7 is correct. The voltage threshold can be set according to actual needs.

[0050] The control terminal of the central controller 110 sends a first signal (i.e., a high-level signal) to the power transistor Q8, which controls the target power transistor Q7 to be in the conducting state. At this time, the second judgment comparator U3.1 also receives the first signal (i.e., a high-level signal) sent by the control terminal of the central controller 110, causing the second judgment comparator U3.1 to not perform comparison processing or to be in a comparison invalid state.

[0051] By driving the power transistor Q11 of the protection sub-circuit 1324 and using a second comparator, dual protection is achieved: protection for the entire system circuit and protection for the target power transistor Q7. This improves the reliability and safety of the entire system circuit, ensures the operating status of the target power transistor Q7, promptly detects risks, faults, and anomalies in the entire system circuit, and effectively controls these risks, faults, and anomalies. It also provides real-time feedback on faults and anomalies in the system circuit, ensuring the operating status of the entire system circuit and enabling real-time detection and effective control of the system circuit.

[0052] When the central controller 110 receives a comparison control signal from the first judgment comparator, indicating that the amplified sampled voltage is greater than the reference voltage, it signifies a risk, fault, or abnormality in the system circuit. This could be due to a shoot-through in one arm of the drive sub-circuit 131, a short circuit in the drive sub-circuit 131, an abnormality in the generator module 120, or an abnormality in the energy storage battery module 140. In this case, the central controller 110 sends a second signal to the control module 130, controlling the target power transistor Q7 to be in the off state via power transistor Q8. The status of the target power transistor Q7 and the alarm signal of the system circuit are then displayed on the screen connected to the central controller 110. Alarm signals can take the form of, but are not limited to, voice prompts, warning light prompts, or icon prompts. This effectively stops the entire system circuit from operating, preventing serious accidents caused by system circuit burnout, and provides high safety and reliability. Abnormalities in the generator module 120 include generator speed failure, generator malfunction, generator jamming, phase line short circuit, and core demagnetization. Abnormalities in the energy storage battery module 140 include energy storage battery mismatch and abnormal increase in loop current. If the central controller 110 receives a comparison control signal from the first judgment comparator, indicating that the amplified sampled voltage is not greater than the reference voltage, it means that there is no risk, fault or abnormality in the entire system circuit, that is, the entire system circuit is normal, and then continues to monitor the status of the power generation system protection circuit in real time.

[0053] When the central controller 110 receives a comparison protection signal from the second comparator indicating that the sampled voltage is greater than the voltage threshold, it indicates that the target power transistor Q7 has malfunctioned or its state is abnormal. The central controller 110 then sends a second signal to the control module 130, which controls the target power transistor Q7 to be in the off state via power transistor Q8, and displays an alarm signal indicating that the target power transistor Q7 has malfunctioned or its state is abnormal on the display screen. This allows for real-time monitoring of the target power transistor Q7's state, improving the reliability and safety of the system circuit. Conversely, when the central controller 110 receives a comparison protection signal from the second comparator indicating that the sampled voltage is not greater than the voltage threshold, it indicates that the target power transistor Q7 is in a stable state. Ensuring that the target power transistor Q7's state is correct, the central controller 110 continues to monitor the state of the power generation system protection circuit in real time.

[0054] The driver sub-circuit 131 can be a three-phase full-bridge circuit, a half-bridge circuit, or an H-bridge circuit. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the drive sub-circuit 131 in this embodiment adopts a three-phase full-bridge circuit. The three-phase full-bridge circuit includes three parallel bridge arms, each including an upper bridge power transistor and a lower bridge power transistor. For example, the first bridge arm includes power transistors Q1 and Q2, the second bridge arm includes power transistors Q3 and Q4, and the third bridge arm includes power transistors Q5 and Q6. The connection point between the two power transistors in each bridge arm is connected to a single-phase voltage interface, that is, each of the three bridge arms implements the voltage of the U phase, V phase, and W phase respectively. The first bridge arm is connected to the U phase voltage interface, the second bridge arm is connected to the V phase voltage interface, and the third bridge arm is connected to the W phase voltage interface. The gate of each power transistor in each bridge arm receives the PWM drive signal sent by the central controller 110 to realize the state of each power transistor, such as the on state or the off state. The port of each bridge arm connected to the single-phase voltage is the first terminal of the drive sub-circuit 131, which is connected to the corresponding phase voltage port of the generator in the generator module 120. The drains of power transistors Q1, Q3, and Q5 are connected together to form the upper bridge of the second terminal of the driver sub-circuit 131, and the sources of power transistors Q2, Q4, and Q5 are connected together to form the lower bridge of the second terminal of the driver sub-circuit 131. In each bridge arm, the source of the power transistor in the upper bridge is connected to the drain of the power transistor in the lower bridge; for example, the source of power transistor Q1 is connected to the drain of power transistor Q2, the source of power transistor Q3 is connected to the drain of power transistor Q4, and the source of power transistor Q5 is connected to the drain of power transistor Q6.

[0055] like Figure 1As shown, the generator module 120 includes a generator and a Hall sensor. The generator is connected to an external engine and a control module 130 for generating electricity or starting the external engine. Specifically, the generator is connected to the first terminal of the drive sub-circuit 131 of the control module 130. The Hall sensor is connected to the generator for controlling its rotational speed. The Hall sensor is also connected to a central controller 110 for receiving signals from the central controller 110 that control the generator.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage battery module 140 includes an energy storage battery and a battery management system (BMS). The BMS is used for energy storage battery status management and status feedback. The circuit connection and disconnection are achieved through the target power transistor Q7 at the negative terminal of the energy storage battery module 140, effectively reducing the risks of burnout or system circuit fire caused by shoot-through or short circuit in the drive sub-circuit 131, abnormality in the generator module 120, or abnormality in the energy storage battery module 140. This makes the system circuit of this embodiment have the advantages of low cost, high safety, and high reliability.

[0057] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the driver also includes a chopper regulator circuit 1325. The chopper regulator circuit 1325 includes a buck controller, a power transistor Q10, an inductor L1, a diode D3, and capacitors C3 and C5. The positive terminal of the buck controller is connected to the first terminal (gate) of the power transistor Q10. The second terminal (drain) of the power transistor Q10 is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage battery, and the negative terminal of the energy storage battery is connected to the positive terminal of the BMS. The third terminal (source) of the power transistor Q10 is connected to one end of the inductor L1 and the negative terminal of the diode D3. The other end of the inductor L1, one end of the capacitor C3, and one end of the capacitor C5 are all connected to the internal power supply VCC. The negative terminal of the buck controller, the negative terminal of the BMS, the positive terminal of the diode D3, and the other end of the capacitors C3 and C5 are all grounded. Among them, the voltage regulation performance of the energy storage battery and BMS is achieved by setting up the chopper voltage regulator sub-circuit 1325, which prevents the damage of the energy storage battery, BMS and other devices caused by sudden current changes. It also has the characteristics of high-precision voltage regulation and fast response, which improves the reliability and safety of the judgment driver and the entire system circuit.

[0058] It should also be noted that, such as Figure 2As shown, the target power transistor Q7 is positioned at the negative terminals of both the control module 130 and the energy storage battery module 140, enabling low-side control. This ensures that the control sub-circuit 1321, detection sub-circuit 1322, judgment sub-circuit 1323 in the control module 130, the step-down controller of the energy storage battery module 140, and the ground terminal of the BMS system are all connected to the same reference potential point, achieving unified electrical connections and eliminating the need to design independent grounding networks for each module. This also simplifies the system circuit architecture, reduces wiring complexity, lowers material and construction costs, improves electrical and thermal stability caused by loop losses, and enhances the system circuit's anti-interference and reliability.

[0059] The power generation system protection circuit in this embodiment has three operating modes, as follows: The first operating mode is standby mode: When the power generation system protection circuit is in standby mode, the entire system circuit is inactive. In this state, the target power transistor Q7 is cut off, and the body diode of Q7 is reverse biased, causing the circuit between the drive sub-circuit 131 and the protection sub-circuit 132 to be disconnected, thereby disconnecting the circuit between the generator module 120 and the energy storage battery module 140. The system circuit can provide power to external components (such as the vehicle's air conditioning, lights, etc.) from the energy storage battery.

[0060] The second operating mode is the startup mode: When the power generation system protection circuit is in startup mode (i.e., when the BMS sends a signal requiring energy storage), the entire system circuit is in operation. The central controller 110 sends a first signal to control the target power transistor Q7 to be in the conducting state, detecting whether the system circuit is normal. After detecting that the system circuit is normal, the normally open Q7 starts the system circuit. At this time, the current in the system circuit flows in the startup direction, starting from the energy storage battery in the energy storage battery module 140, flowing through Q7, and inputting to the drive sub-circuit 131 of the control module 130. Through the three-phase inverter working of the drive sub-circuit 131, the generator is rotated, driving the generator to the ignition speed, that is, driving the generator to run, so as to start the engine.

[0061] The third operating mode is the power generation mode: When the power generation system protection circuit is in power generation mode, the entire system circuit is in operation. After the engine reaches ignition speed, the start-up is complete. The engine outputs power, and the generator switches to power generation mode, with the engine driving the generator to rotate and generate electricity. At this time, the current flow in the system circuit is driven by the engine driving the generator, causing the drive sub-circuit 131 of the control module 130 to rectify and filter the current, which flows through Q7, and the output current supplies power to the energy storage battery of the energy storage battery module 140.

[0062] In all three operating modes, the voltage across the drain and source of the target power transistor Q7 is sampled, amplified by the detection sub-circuit 1322, and then compared and controlled by the judgment sub-circuit 1323 to control the turn-on or turn-off of the target power transistor Q7. This protects the overall system circuit, avoiding the risk of system circuit burnout and improving the safety and reliability of the system circuit.

[0063] Specifically, if a failure occurs in the drive sub-circuit 131 during the generator startup process of the central controller 110, it can easily lead to short circuits and abnormal generator startup in the entire system circuit, posing a significant risk of burnout and safety hazards. Therefore, in startup mode, if the drive sub-circuit 131 fails or is short-circuited, and the generator module 120 malfunctions, the current across the source and drain of the target power transistor Q7 will rise due to overcurrent. For example, if a bridge arm of the drive sub-circuit 131 experiences a shoot-through (i.e., power transistors Q1 and Q2, Q3 and Q4, or Q5 and Q6 are both on the same arm), the drive sub-circuit 131 will be short-circuited, consequently causing the entire system circuit to short-circuit. Malfunctions in the generator module 120 include generator malfunction, generator jamming, phase line short circuit, and core demagnetization. All of these conditions will cause an overcurrent at the source and drain of the target power transistor Q7.

[0064] In these situations, in the control module 130, the sampling voltage of the drain of the target power transistor Q7 is acquired by the detection sub-circuit 1322, amplified, and output to the judgment sub-circuit 1323. The judgment sub-circuit 1323 compares the amplified sampling voltage with a reference voltage and outputs a comparison control signal to the central controller 110. The central controller 110 controls the target power transistor Q7 to be in the off state according to the comparison control signal, thus disconnecting the circuit between the drive sub-circuit 131 and the protection sub-circuit 132, thereby disconnecting the circuit between the generator module 120 and the energy storage battery module 140, protecting the entire system circuit. Simultaneously, an anomaly in the system circuit is sent to the central controller 110, which then sends an alarm message to the display screen indicating an abnormality in the start-up mode detection.

[0065] When an abnormality occurs during the charging process of the engine, it can easily lead to abnormalities such as excessive power or short circuits in the entire system circuit. This can cause the energy storage battery to become oversaturated or the bridge arm to be directly short-circuited, posing a significant risk of burnout and safety hazards. Therefore, in the power generation mode, if the drive sub-circuit 131 fails or is short-circuited, or if the generator module 120 or energy storage battery module 140 malfunctions, the current across the source and drain of the target power transistor Q7 will increase and cause overcurrent. For example, if a bridge arm of the drive sub-circuit 131 is directly short-circuited, it will cause the drive sub-circuit 131 to be short-circuited, thereby causing the entire system circuit to be short-circuited. Abnormalities in the generator module 120 include generator speed failure, generator malfunction, generator jamming, phase line short circuit, and core demagnetization. Abnormalities in the energy storage battery module 140 include abnormally high loop current when the energy storage battery is mismatched. All of these situations will cause the current across the source and drain of the target power transistor Q7 to increase and cause overcurrent.

[0066] In these situations, within the control module 130, the sampling voltage of the drain of the target power transistor Q7 is acquired by the detection sub-circuit 1322, amplified, and output to the judgment sub-circuit 1323. The judgment sub-circuit 1323 compares the amplified sampling voltage with a reference voltage and outputs a comparison control signal to the central controller 110. The central controller 110, based on the comparison control signal, controls the target power transistor Q7 to be in a cutoff state, thus disconnecting the circuit between the drive sub-circuit 131 and the protection sub-circuit 132, thereby disconnecting the circuit between the generator module 120 and the energy storage battery module 140, protecting the entire system circuit. Simultaneously, an anomaly in the system circuit is sent to the central controller 110, which then sends an alarm message to the display screen indicating an abnormality in the power generation mode detection.

[0067] For example, in power generation mode, the central controller 110 sends a first signal to the control sub-circuit 1321 of the control module 130 to control the target power transistor Q7 to be in the on state. When a shoot-through occurs in one arm of the drive sub-circuit 131, the drive sub-circuit 131 is in a short-circuit state; or when the generator speed is out of control or the energy storage battery is mismatched, the inter-loop current increases, and the current across the drain and source terminals of the target power transistor Q7 increases. In the control module 130, the sampling voltage of the drain of the target power transistor Q7 is effectively amplified by the detection sub-circuit 1322, and the amplified sampling voltage is output to the judgment sub-circuit 1323. The judgment sub-circuit 1323 compares the amplified sampling voltage with the reference voltage generated based on the first signal, obtains a comparison control signal that the amplified sampling voltage is greater than the reference voltage, and outputs it to the central controller 110. Based on this signal, the central controller 110 sends a second signal to the control sub-circuit 1321 of the control module 130, controlling the target power transistor Q7 to be in the off state, causing Q7 to turn off immediately, protecting the entire system circuit and improving the safety and reliability of the system circuit. Simultaneously, an anomaly in the system circuit is sent to the central controller 110, which then sends an alarm message to the display screen indicating an abnormality in the power generation mode detection. This method identifies and controls the fault risks in the power generation system circuit within the circuit itself, ensuring real-time detection and effective control of the power generation system circuit's operating status, preventing the power generation system circuit from continuing to supply power even when an anomaly occurs, and enhancing the safety and reliability of the power generation system circuit.

[0068] In standby mode or when the power generation system protection circuit is not in operation, the central controller 110 sends a second signal to the control module 130 to control the target power transistor Q7 to be in the off state. In the control module 130 and the drive protection sub-circuit 1324, if there is a high voltage across the drain and source terminals of the target power transistor Q7, it indicates that the target power transistor Q7 may be erroneously turned on. In this case, the power transistor Q11 is controlled to be in the conducting state, and then power transistor Q11 outputs the sampled voltage (i.e., a high-level signal) of the target power transistor Q7 to the second judgment comparator U3.1. The second judgment comparator U3.1 also receives the second signal (i.e., a low-level signal) sent by the central controller 110, compares the sampled voltage with a voltage threshold generated based on the second signal, and outputs a comparison protection signal to the central controller 110. If the comparison protection signal is a signal where the sampled voltage is greater than the voltage threshold, it indicates that the target power transistor Q7 has malfunctioned or its state is abnormal. The central controller 110 is then alerted that the target power transistor Q7 has malfunctioned or its state is abnormal, and the central controller 110 controls the target power transistor Q7 to be in the off state again. If the comparison protection signal is a signal where the sampled voltage is not greater than the voltage threshold, it indicates that the target power transistor Q7 is in a stable state, confirming that the state of the target power transistor Q7 is correct. This achieves protection for the entire system circuit and the target power transistor Q7, improving the reliability and safety of the entire system circuit and ensuring the operating state of the target power transistor Q7. It also allows for the timely detection of risks, faults, and anomalies in the entire system circuit, and the effective control of these risks, faults, and anomalies.

[0069] Example 2 Based on the same inventive concept, the second embodiment of the present invention also provides a control method for a power generation system protection circuit, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the method, applied to the power generation system protection circuit as described in Embodiment 1, includes: S201, during the process of starting the external engine through the power generation system protection circuit, or during the process of the generator module of the power generation system protection circuit being in the power generation state, the central controller of the power generation system protection circuit sends a first signal to the control module of the power generation system protection circuit, and the control module obtains the target sampling voltage of the target power tube, wherein the first signal is a signal that the power generation system protection circuit is in the working state. S202, based on the first signal, compares the target sampling voltage with the reference voltage of the target power transistor through the control module to obtain a comparison control signal, and sends the comparison control signal to the central controller; S203, if the comparison control signal is a signal that the target sampling voltage is greater than the reference voltage, then the central controller sends a second signal to the control module to control the target power transistor to be in the off state. The second signal is a signal that the power generation system protection circuit is in the non-operating state.

[0070] When the power generation system protection circuit is in power generation mode or start-up mode, the target power transistor is controlled to be in the conducting state, forming a complete loop for the entire power generation system protection circuit. With the target power transistor in the conducting state, the system circuit is monitored in real time for risks, faults, and anomalies, and the target sampling voltage of the target power transistor is obtained through the control module. This target sampling voltage is then compared with a reference voltage generated based on a first signal sent by the central controller to obtain a comparison control signal, which is sent to the central controller. If the comparison control signal indicates that the target sampling voltage is greater than the reference voltage, it indicates that a risk, fault, or anomaly has been detected in the system circuit. In this case, the central controller sends a second signal to the control module to control the target power transistor to be in the cutoff state, i.e., immediately turning it off. This allows for the identification and control of risks within the entire system circuit, providing real-time feedback on faults in the entire system circuit and ensuring real-time detection and effective control of the entire system circuit's operating status. Furthermore, by effectively controlling the control module and the target power transistor, the entire system circuit can be effectively shut down, preventing serious accidents caused by the burnout of the entire system circuit, thus ensuring high safety and reliability for the entire power generation system protection circuit.

[0071] Furthermore, the target power transistor is located at the negative terminals of both the control module and the energy storage battery module, which are grounded. Therefore, the control method for the power generation system protection circuit is to use low-side control to control the conduction or disconnection state of the entire loop, ensuring that the control module and the energy storage battery module are connected to the same reference potential point, achieving unified electrical connections. This eliminates the need to design independent grounding networks for each module, simplifying the overall system circuit architecture, reducing wiring complexity, lowering material and construction costs, improving the electrical and thermal stability of the entire system circuit due to loop losses, enhancing anti-interference and reliability, and improving effective control performance.

[0072] As an optional embodiment, the specific execution process of step S202 is as follows: The control module receives the first signal sent by the central controller through its control sub-circuit, and controls the target power transistor to be in the on state based on the first signal. The detection sub-circuit of the control module obtains the sampling voltage of the target power transistor, amplifies the sampling voltage, outputs the amplified sampling voltage, and uses the amplified sampling voltage as the target sampling voltage. The control module's judgment sub-circuit receives the first signal and the amplified sampled voltage, compares the amplified sampled voltage with the reference voltage of the target power transistor, and outputs a comparison control signal to the central controller. This enables the central controller to control the state of the target power transistor in real time, preventing the current in the power generation system protection circuit from being in an abnormal state and causing damage to the power generation system protection circuit. The reference voltage is generated based on the first signal.

[0073] As an optional embodiment, after step S202, if the comparison control signal is a signal that the target sampling voltage is not greater than the reference voltage, it indicates that there is no risk, fault or abnormality in the entire system circuit, that is, the entire system circuit is normal, and the central controller continues to monitor the status of the power generation system protection circuit in real time.

[0074] As an optional embodiment, when the power generation system protection circuit is in an inactive state, a second signal is sent to the power generation system protection circuit through the central controller, and the target power transistor is controlled to be in a cut-off state through the control module.

[0075] As an optional embodiment, after the central controller sends the second signal to the control module of the power generation system protection circuit, if the power transistor Q11 is in the on state, the comparison protection signal is output to the central controller by driving the protection sub-circuit. If the comparison protection signal is a sampled voltage greater than the voltage threshold, it indicates that the target power transistor Q7 has malfunctioned or its state is abnormal. The central controller then sends a second signal to the control module, controlling the target power transistor to be in the off state, and displays an alarm signal indicating malfunction or abnormal state of the target power transistor on the display screen. The voltage threshold is generated based on the second signal. This allows for real-time monitoring of the state of the target power transistor Q7, improving the reliability and safety of the system circuit.

[0076] If the comparison protection signal is a signal where the sampled voltage is not greater than the voltage threshold, it indicates that the target power transistor Q7 is in a stable state. To ensure that the state of the target power transistor Q7 is correct, the state of the power generation system protection circuit will continue to be monitored in real time.

[0077] Since the control method for the power generation system protection circuit described in this embodiment is the same as the control method used in the power generation system protection circuit of Embodiment 1 of this application, those skilled in the art can understand the specific implementation method and various variations of the control method for the power generation system protection circuit of this embodiment based on the power generation system protection circuit described in Embodiment 1 of this application. Therefore, how the control method for this power generation system protection circuit implements the power generation system protection circuit of Embodiment 1 of this application will not be described in detail here. As long as those skilled in the art implement the control method used in the power generation system protection circuit of Embodiment 1 of this application, they all fall within the scope of protection intended by this application.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will understand that although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0079] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A power system protection circuit, comprising: The utility model relates to a kind of power generation system, including: central controller, and generator module, control module and energy storage battery module connected with the central controller; One end of the control module is connected to the generator module, and the other end is connected to the energy storage battery module; The control module includes a drive subcircuit and a protection subcircuit. The drive subcircuit is connected in parallel with the protection subcircuit. The first end of the drive subcircuit is connected to the generator module. The second end of the drive subcircuit is connected to the protection subcircuit. The protection subcircuit is also connected to the energy storage battery module. The negative electrode of the protection subcircuit is connected to the negative electrode of the energy storage battery module through a target power tube. The state of the target power tube is controlled through the protection subcircuit to achieve the transmission of electrical energy between the generator module and the energy storage battery module. The protection subcircuit includes a judgment driver and the target power tube.

2. The power system protection circuit of claim 1, wherein, The first end of the judgment driver is connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage battery module and the upper bridge of the second end of the drive subcircuit. The second end of the judgment driver is connected to the first pole of the target power tube. The second pole of the target power tube is connected to the lower bridge of the second end of the drive subcircuit. The third pole of the target power tube is connected to the negative electrode of the energy storage battery module. The protection subcircuit also includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C1, and a capacitor C2.

3. The power system protection circuit of claim 2, wherein, The resistor R1 is connected in series between the second end of the judgment driver and the first pole of the target power tube. The first end of the resistor R2 and the first end of the capacitor C1 are both connected to the connection point between the first pole of the target power tube and the resistor R1. The second end of the resistor R2 and the second end of the capacitor C1 are both connected to the third pole of the target power tube. The stability, reliability, and safety of the target power tube control signal and switching speed are ensured through the resistor R1, the resistor R2, and the capacitor C1. The capacitor C2 is connected in parallel between the second end of the drive subcircuit and the protection subcircuit. The resistor R2 and the capacitor C2 are used to avoid the target power tube from being damaged due to the sudden change of loop current in the protection circuit of the power generation system. The judgment driver includes a control subcircuit, a detection subcircuit, a judgment subcircuit, and a drive protection subcircuit.

4. The power system protection circuit of claim 3, wherein, The control subcircuit is used to control the state of the target power tube based on the signal received from the central controller. The detection subcircuit is used to obtain the sampling voltage of the target power tube when the target power tube is in the conducting state controlled by the control subcircuit. The sampling voltage is amplified and outputted. ​ The judgment sub-circuit is used for receiving the first signal sent by the central controller and the amplified sampling voltage, comparing the amplified sampling voltage with the reference voltage of the target power tube, outputting a comparison control signal to the central controller, so that the central controller controls the state of the target power tube in real time, and avoids the situation that the current in the power generation system protection circuit is in an abnormal state, resulting in damage to the power generation system protection circuit, wherein the first signal is a signal indicating that the power generation system protection circuit is in a working state, and the reference voltage is generated according to the first signal; The driving protection sub-circuit is used for acquiring the second signal sent by the central controller and the sampling voltage of the target power tube, comparing the sampling voltage, outputting a comparison protection signal to the central controller, so as to avoid the target power tube being in an abnormal state, and timely sending an alarm signal, wherein the second signal is a signal indicating that the power generation system protection circuit is in a non-working state.

5. The power system protection circuit of claim 4, wherein, The judgment sub-circuit comprises a first judgment comparator and an inverter. The non-inverting input terminal of the first judgment comparator is connected to the output terminal of the detection sub-circuit, the inverting input terminal of the first judgment comparator is connected to the output terminal of the inverter, and the output terminal of the first judgment comparator is connected to the protection terminal of the central controller; and the input terminal of the inverter is connected to the control terminal of the central controller. The driving protection sub-circuit comprises a power tube Q11 and a second judgment comparator. The first pole of the power tube Q11 is connected to the second pole of the target power tube, the second pole of the power tube Q11 is connected to an internal power supply, and the third pole of the power tube Q11 is respectively connected to a ground terminal and the non-inverting input terminal of the second judgment comparator. The inverting input terminal of the second judgment comparator is connected to the control terminal of the central controller, and the output terminal of the second judgment comparator is connected to the protection terminal of the central controller.

6. The power system protection circuit of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The driving sub-circuit is a three-phase full-bridge circuit, a half-bridge circuit or an H-bridge circuit.

7. The power system protection circuit of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The generator module comprises a generator and a Hall sensor. The generator is connected to an external engine and the control module, and is used for generating power or starting the external engine. The Hall sensor is connected to the generator, and is used for controlling the rotating speed of the generator.

8. A control method of a power generation system protection circuit, characterized by, The method is applied to the power generation system protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-7, and the method comprises: In the process of starting an external engine through the power generation system protection circuit, or in the process that the generator module of the power generation system protection circuit is in a power generation state, a first signal is sent to the control module of the power generation system protection circuit through the central controller of the power generation system protection circuit, and a target sampling voltage of a target power tube is acquired through the control module, wherein the first signal is a signal indicating that the power generation system protection circuit is in a working state; Based on the first signal, the target sampling voltage is compared with a reference voltage of the target power tube through the control module, a comparison control signal is obtained, and the comparison control signal is sent to the central controller. The judgment sub-circuit comprises a first judgment comparator and an inverter. The non-inverting input terminal of the first judgment comparator is connected to the output terminal of the detection sub-circuit, the inverting input terminal of the first judgment comparator is connected to the output terminal of the inverter, and the output terminal of the first judgment comparator is connected to the protection terminal of the central controller; and the input terminal of the inverter is connected to the control terminal of the central controller. The driving protection sub-circuit comprises a power tube Q11 and a second judgment comparator. The first pole of the power tube Q11 is connected to the second pole of the target power tube, the second pole of the power tube Q11 is connected to an internal power supply, and the third pole of the power tube Q11 is respectively connected to a ground terminal and the non-inverting input terminal of the second judgment comparator. The inverting input terminal of the second judgment comparator is connected to the control terminal of the central controller, and the output terminal of the second judgment comparator is connected to the protection terminal of the central controller. The driving sub-circuit is a three-phase full-bridge circuit, a half-bridge circuit or an H-bridge circuit. The generator module comprises a generator and a Hall sensor. The generator is connected to an external engine and the control module, and is used for generating power or starting the external engine. The Hall sensor is connected to the generator, and is used for controlling the rotating speed of the generator. The method is applied to the power generation system protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-7, and the method comprises: In the process of starting an external engine through the power generation system protection circuit, or in the process that the generator module of the power generation system protection circuit is in a power generation state, a first signal is sent to the control module of the power generation system protection circuit through the central controller of the power generation system protection circuit, and a target sampling voltage of a target power tube is acquired through the control module, wherein the first signal is a signal indicating that the power generation system protection circuit is in a working state; Based on the first signal, the target sampling voltage is compared with a reference voltage of the target power tube through the control module, a comparison control signal is obtained, and the comparison control signal is sent to the central controller. If the comparison control signal is a signal that the target sampling voltage is greater than the reference voltage, a second signal is sent to the control module by the central controller to control the target power tube to be in an off state, wherein the second signal is a signal that the power generation system protection circuit is in an inactive state.

9. The control method of the power generation system protection circuit according to claim 8, characterized by, The comparison control signal is obtained by comparing the target sampling voltage with a reference voltage of the target power tube based on the first signal, and the comparison control signal is sent to the central controller by the control module, including: The first signal sent by the central controller is received by the control subcircuit of the control module, and the target power tube is controlled to be in a conductive state based on the first signal; The sampling voltage of the target power tube is obtained by the detection subcircuit of the control module, and the sampling voltage is amplified to output the amplified sampling voltage, and the amplified sampling voltage is taken as the target sampling voltage; The first signal and the amplified sampling voltage are received by the judgment subcircuit of the control module, and the amplified sampling voltage is compared with the reference voltage of the target power tube to output a comparison control signal to the central controller, so that the central controller can control the state of the target power tube in real time, and avoid the damage of the power generation system protection circuit caused by the abnormal state of the current in the power generation system protection circuit, wherein the reference voltage is generated according to the first signal.

10. The control method of the power generation system protection circuit according to claim 8, characterized by, Also includes: In the process of the power generation system protection circuit being in an inactive state, the second signal is sent to the power generation system protection circuit by the central controller, and the target power tube is controlled to be in an off state by the control module.

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