Unattended docking pier low-voltage shore power system based on internet of things

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of unmanned docking pier low-voltage shore power systems based on Internet of Things, including ship shore power low-voltage distribution device, shore power supply cable management device, intelligent control device;The ship shore power low-voltage distribution device is used to gather shore-based electric energy and is carried out electric energy distribution and protection for ship;The shore power supply cable management device is used to adjust the shore power supply cable to release shore power supply cable and adjust shore power connection box position;The intelligent control device is used to connect the ship shore power low-voltage distribution device, shore power supply cable management device, docking pier by Internet of Things, real-time acquisition transmission ship shore power low-voltage distribution device's operating state, realize the management and shore power operation to docking pier shore power facility under the condition of unattended.The present application effectively enhances the use willingness of ship owner and shore power operator, provides strong support for the popularization and application of ship shore power technology, can realize the efficient management and shore power operation to docking pier shore power facility under the condition of unattended.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shore power technology for ships, and more specifically, to an unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] To meet the needs of ships anchoring offshore due to the large water level differences in inland waterways, hydraulic structures such as berthing piers are typically installed within the anchorage area as facilities for ship berthing. Given that berthing piers are located in remote anchorage areas and are often vertical structures, far from the land shore, this presents numerous difficulties in the operation, use, and maintenance of shore power for ships. Currently, in some projects, berthing piers are equipped with shore power connection boxes, which can be raised and lowered along the side wall of the berthing pier, allowing adjustment of the connection box's position according to actual water level changes and berthing requirements. The specific operating procedure during ship berthing and shore power use is as follows: The ship owner must first contact the shore power facility management personnel. Upon receiving the notification, the management personnel travel by boat to the berthing pier, manually lower the shore power connection box, and complete the closing operation, then return to the management center. When the ship stops using shore power, the management personnel must again travel by boat to the berthing pier, manually open the switch, and manually raise the shore power connection box back to its original position before returning to the management center.

[0003] Currently, the operation of low-voltage shore power facilities near anchorages relies primarily on manual labor, resulting in low levels of automation. This leads to a series of problems: 1) High labor costs and low efficiency: The operation of shore power facilities must be carried out on-site by management personnel, requiring constant monitoring. With a large number of anchorages near anchorages, the workload of management personnel increases significantly, and work efficiency decreases markedly. 2) Obstacles to promotion: The cumbersome application process for shore power usage greatly reduces the enthusiasm of ship owners and shore power operators to use shore power, posing significant difficulties for its promotion and widespread adoption. 3) Safety hazards: Because shore power facilities rely on manual operation, they cannot respond effectively and promptly to emergencies such as improper operation, abnormal ship-to-shore power circuits, and changes in water level. This poses safety risks such as electric shock and water immersion of shore power junction boxes, seriously threatening personnel safety and the shore power facilities themselves. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing docks based on the Internet of Things, which realizes the intelligent operation of the low-voltage shore power system for berthing docks, significantly reduces the human resource input for shore power operation and maintenance, and enables efficient management and operation of shore power facilities for berthing docks under unattended conditions.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: to construct an unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers based on the Internet of Things, including a ship shore power low-voltage power distribution device, a shore power cable management device, and an intelligent control device;

[0006] The ship shore power low-voltage distribution device is used to collect shore-based electrical energy and to distribute and protect the ship's electrical energy.

[0007] The shore power cable management device is used to retract and extend the shore power cable to adjust the position of the shore power junction box.

[0008] The intelligent control device is used to connect the ship's shore power low-voltage distribution device, shore power cable management device and berthing pier through the Internet of Things, and to collect and transmit the operating status of the ship's shore power low-voltage distribution device in real time, so as to realize the management and operation of the shore power facilities on the berthing pier under unattended conditions.

[0009] According to the above scheme, the ship shore power low-voltage distribution device includes a shore power distribution cabinet, a shore power supply cable, and a shore power connection box. The shore power distribution cabinet is installed on the berthing pier. One end of the shore power supply cable is connected to the shore power distribution cabinet, and the other end of the shore power supply cable is connected to the shore power connection box.

[0010] According to the above scheme, the shore power distribution cabinet is used to collect shore-based electrical energy and distribute and protect the collected shore-based electrical energy. The shore power supply cable is used to connect the shore power distribution cabinet and the shore power connection box. The shore power connection box is used to provide an interface for connecting the ship to the shore power source.

[0011] According to the above scheme, the shore power distribution cabinet is equipped with a copper busbar, on which a single incoming line circuit, a feeder circuit, an insulation monitor, and a surge protector are mounted; the single incoming line circuit is equipped with an incoming line circuit breaker with isolation function; and the feeder circuit is equipped with a control and protection switch.

[0012] According to the above scheme, the shore power supply cable management device includes a cable reel, a cable management device control cabinet, a cable guide, a slide rail, a limit switch, and a brake.

[0013] The cable reel is located on the top of the berthing pier and on the water-facing side of the shore power distribution cabinet. The cable management device control cabinet is located at the lower end of the cable reel. The shore power supply cable is wound on the cable reel. The cable guide extends outward and is located at the edge of the berthing pier. The slide rail is located on the side wall of the berthing pier. A limit switch is installed on the top of the slide rail on the berthing pier. The brake is located on the cable reel.

[0014] According to the above scheme, the electrical control cabinet of the cable management device is equipped with a circuit breaker and a frequency converter. The frequency converter is used to drive and control the rotation direction and speed of the variable frequency motor, and the variable frequency motor drives the cable drum to rotate.

[0015] According to the above scheme, the intelligent control device includes an intelligent control cabinet, a roll diameter sensor, a cable tension sensor, a laser level gauge, and a radar rangefinder.

[0016] The intelligent control cabinet is installed on the berthing pier and located at the lower end of the cable reel. The diameter sensor is installed on the roller of the cable reel and is used to monitor the winding diameter of the cable reel in real time. The cable tension sensor is installed between the cable reel and the cable guide frame and is used to monitor the tension of the shore power supply cable in real time. The laser level gauge is installed on the top of the berthing pier and is used to measure the real-time water level of the area. The radar rangefinder is installed on the shore power connection box and is used to measure the distance between the shore power connection box and the water surface in real time.

[0017] According to the above scheme, the intelligent control device also includes a QR code, a laser scanner, a camera, a network broadcast, and an automated meteorological monitoring station installed on the top of the berthing pier. The QR code is set on the side wall of the berthing pier. The laser scanner is used to collect the relative position and freeboard height between the ship and the berthing pier in real time. The camera is used to collect atlas information of the moored ship and record the entire process of shore power operation. The network broadcast is used by the management center to call out to the moored ship. The automated meteorological monitoring station is used to monitor and collect information on wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, air humidity, precipitation, and water level.

[0018] According to the above scheme, the frequency converter calculates the cable diameter based on the signal feedback from the cable diameter sensor on the cable reel.

[0019] According to the above scheme, the intelligent control cabinet is equipped with an intelligent controller, an AIS / VHF transceiver, and a video acquisition, storage, and analysis module; the AIS / VHF transceiver and the video acquisition, storage, and analysis module are connected to the intelligent controller via communication.

[0020] The intelligent controller is used to monitor the operation data of shore power facilities, environmental parameters and ship-to-shore connection cable status in real time, and upload the status of shore power facilities and send control parameters through the communication interface.

[0021] The AIS / VHF transceiver is used to sense the ship's position and to broadcast shore power operation voice messages and communications to the ship.

[0022] The video acquisition, storage, and analysis module is used to monitor and analyze the ship's power consumption.

[0023] The unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers based on the Internet of Things, as described in this invention, has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. This invention realizes the intelligent operation of the low-voltage shore power system at the berth, completely eliminating the dependence on on-site personnel in the traditional mode, significantly reducing the human resource input for shore power operation and maintenance, not only greatly reducing operating costs, but also effectively enhancing the willingness of ship owners and shore power operators to use it by improving the ease of operation and efficiency of use, and providing strong support for the promotion and application of ship shore power technology.

[0025] 2. This invention solves the problem of automated shore power operation under conditions of large water level differences. Through intelligent monitoring and automatic adjustment, the system can effectively cope with various complex operating conditions such as non-standard operation, abnormal ship-to-shore power supply circuits, and drastic water level changes. It fundamentally eliminates safety hazards such as electric shock to personnel and water immersion of shore power junction boxes. It not only ensures the personal safety of operators, but also provides comprehensive protection for shore power facilities, significantly improving the safety and reliability of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a topology diagram of the unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers based on the Internet of Things, as described in this invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the control method for the unattended low-voltage shore power system of the berthing pier based on the Internet of Things according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers based on the Internet of Things, as described in this invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Shore power distribution cabinet; 2. Shore power supply cable; 3. Shore power junction box; 4. Cable management device control cabinet; 5. Cable reel; 6. Cable guide frame; 7. Slide rail; 8. Limit switch; 9. Brake; 10. Cable tension sensor; 11. Reel diameter sensor; 12. Intelligent control cabinet; 13. Laser level gauge; 14. Radar rangefinder; 15. Laser scanner; 16. Camera; 17. Network broadcasting; 18. Automated meteorological monitoring station; 19. QR code label. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the IoT-based unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers of the present invention includes a ship shore power low-voltage distribution device, a shore power cable management device, and an intelligent control device.

[0033] The ship's shore power low-voltage distribution unit is used to collect shore-based electrical energy and distribute and protect the ship's power. It is the direct circuit for the ship's shore power connection and has remote measurement, remote control, and remote signaling functions for shore power operation status. The shore power cable management unit is used to retract and extend the shore power cable to adjust the position of the shore power junction box, adapting to the needs of ships using shore power under large water level differences. At the same time, it can automatically adjust the position of the shore power junction box according to real-time water level information to prevent the shore power junction box from being submerged in water. The intelligent control unit is used to effectively connect the ship's shore power low-voltage distribution unit, shore power cable management unit, berthing piers, and intelligent devices and various sensors on the ship through the Internet of Things. It collects and transmits information such as the operating status of the ship's shore power low-voltage distribution unit, water level, and meteorological information in real time. It senses the ship's position information through AIS, uses laser scanners and cameras to sense the ship's movement, and automatically adjusts the position of the shore power junction box in real time through the shore power cable management unit. The ship owner can independently request shore power switching operations, realizing efficient management and operation of shore power facilities on the berthing pier under unattended conditions.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ship shore power low-voltage distribution device includes a shore power distribution cabinet 1, a shore power supply cable 2, and a shore power junction box 3.

[0035] Shore power distribution cabinet 1 is installed on the berth. One end of shore power cable 2 is connected to shore power distribution cabinet 1, and the other end of shore power cable 2 is connected to shore power junction box 3. Shore power distribution cabinet 1 is used to collect shore-based electrical energy and is responsible for distributing and protecting the collected shore-based electrical energy. Shore power cable 2 is used to connect shore power distribution cabinet 1 and shore power junction box 3. Shore power junction box 3 is used to provide an interface for connecting the ship to shore power.

[0036] The shore power distribution cabinet 1 contains a section of copper busbar, on which are mounted one incoming line circuit, one feeder circuit, an insulation monitor, and a surge protector (SPD). One incoming line circuit is equipped with an incoming circuit breaker (QF) with isolation function. The feeder circuit is equipped with a control and protection switch (CPS), which integrates short-circuit and overload protection, contact on / off control, and can be remotely operated for real-time measurement, log recording, and interface communication. The insulation monitor has functions for measuring insulation resistance in the IT system, signal transmission, and fault location.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shore power supply cable 2 management device includes a cable management device control cabinet 4, a cable reel 5, a cable guide frame 6, a slide rail 7, a limit switch 8, and a brake 9.

[0038] The cable reel 5 is located on the top of the berthing pier and on the water-facing side of the shore power distribution cabinet 1. The cable management device control cabinet 4 is located at the lower end of the cable reel 5. The shore power supply cable 2 is wound on the cable reel 5. The cable guide frame extends outward and is located at the edge of the berthing pier. The slide rail 7 is located on the side wall of the berthing pier. The slide rail 7 is equipped with a limit switch 8 at the top of the berthing pier. The brake 9 is located on the cable reel 5. The cable reel 5 is equipped with a clamping device.

[0039] The cable management device control cabinet 4 includes a circuit breaker and a frequency converter. The frequency converter is used to drive and control the rotation direction and speed of the variable frequency motor. The frequency converter calculates the cable diameter based on the signal feedback from the diameter sensor 11 on the cable reel 5, and the variable frequency motor drives the cable reel 5. The cable guide frame 6 is used to ensure that the direction of the shore power supply cable 2 after being unloaded from the cable reel 5 is perpendicular to the side wall of the pier. The slide rail 7 is used to control the lifting, positioning, and fixing of the shore power connection box 3.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent control device includes an intelligent control cabinet 12, a roll diameter sensor 11, a cable tension sensor 10, a laser level gauge 13, a radar rangefinder 14, a laser scanner 15, a camera 16, a network broadcast 17, an automated meteorological monitoring station 18, and a QR code label 19.

[0041] The intelligent control cabinet 12 is installed on the berthing pier and located at the lower end of the cable reel 5. The reel diameter sensor 11 is installed on the roller of the cable reel 5 and is used to monitor the winding diameter of the cable reel 5 in real time. The cable tension sensor 10 is installed between the cable reel 5 and the cable guide frame 6 and is used to monitor the tension of the shore power supply cable 2 in real time. The laser level gauge 13 is installed on the top of the berthing pier and is used to measure the real-time water level of the area. The radar rangefinder 14 is installed on the shore power connection box 3 and is used to measure the distance between the shore power connection box 3 and the water surface in real time. The laser scanner 15, camera 16, network broadcast 17, and automated meteorological monitoring station 18 are all installed on the top of the berthing pier. The QR code label 19 is installed on the side wall of the berthing pier.

[0042] The laser scanner 15 accurately collects the relative position and freeboard height between the ship and the berthing pier in real time, as the ship's draft changes or water level fluctuates. The camera 16 collects atlas information of moored ships, records the entire shore power operation process, performs ship situational awareness, records the shore power operation process, and determines whether the ship is moored. The network broadcast 17 is used by the management center to communicate with moored ships. The automated meteorological monitoring station 18 monitors and collects information on wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, air humidity, precipitation, and water level. The QR code label 19 is used by moored ships to apply for shore power and settle shore power fees.

[0043] The intelligent control cabinet 12 houses an intelligent controller, an AIS / VHF transceiver, and a video acquisition, storage, and analysis module. The AIS / VHF transceiver and video acquisition, storage, and analysis module are connected to the intelligent controller via communication. The intelligent controller monitors real-time operating data of the shore power facility, environmental parameters, and the status of the ship-to-shore connection cables, and uploads the shore power facility status and sends control parameters through the communication interface. The AIS / VHF transceiver senses the ship's position and uses VHF to broadcast shore power operation voice messages and conduct communications to the ship. The video acquisition, storage, and analysis module monitors and analyzes the ship's power consumption.

[0044] To meet the needs of ships using shore power under conditions of large water level differences, the frequency converter in the cable management device control cabinet 4 receives commands to drive the cable reel 5 to wind up and unwind the shore power supply cable 2. During the winding and unwinding of the shore power supply cable 2, the shore power connection box 3 moves up and down along the slide rail 7. The cable guide frame 6 ensures that the shore power supply cable 2 is wound up and unwinding from the cable reel 5 along the berthing pier. The brake 9 is powered by the main circuit power supply of the cable reel 5 driver. In the event of power failure, it brakes and locks the position of the cable reel 5. The diameter sensor 11 and the cable tension sensor 10 feed back measurement information to the frequency converter in the cable management device control cabinet 4. The frequency converter adjusts its output frequency and current in real time, thereby precisely controlling the speed and output torque of the cable reel 5 to ensure that the cable is wound up and unwinded at a certain speed and tension.

[0045] The intelligent controller, as the core controller of the shore power system, is responsible for real-time monitoring of shore power facility operation data, environmental parameters, ship-shore connection cable status, and ship berthing status. It uploads shore power facility status and issues control commands via a communication interface, senses ship position via AIS, broadcasts shore power operation voice messages and communications to the ship via VHF, and utilizes a video acquisition, storage, and analysis module to monitor ship power consumption and perform video analysis. The intelligent controller in intelligent control cabinet 12 collects information from the laser level gauge 13 to monitor water level changes in real time. It also collects information from the radar rangefinder 14 to monitor the distance between the shore power connection box 3 and the water surface in real time. Furthermore, it collects information from the automated meteorological monitoring station 18 to monitor ambient wind speed, rainfall, and temperature in real time. The laser scanner 15 collects data on the ship's berthing status, detecting the ship's freeboard height and whether it is stably moored. The video acquisition, storage, and analysis module stores and uploads data from the camera 16 and analyzes the video signals to ensure that shore power is only used after the ship is stably moored. Network broadcast 17 can play shore power operation voice messages and the management center's calls to moored vessels.

[0046] Ship owners can scan QR code 19 using commonly used apps like Alipay, WeChat, and UnionPay on their mobile phones to access the mini-program, enter their mobile phone number, and perform shore power operations and settlements. To better facilitate communication between the IoT platform and the berthing dock, an MQTT server was set up to coordinate communication between various shore power facilities, data acquisition systems, and remote monitoring terminals. The IoT platform monitors various operating parameters at the berthing dock in real time.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a control method for an unattended low-voltage shore power device for a ship berth based on the Internet of Things, comprising the following steps:

[0048] In the initial state, the intelligent controller monitors the following conditions in real time:

[0049] If A1∧A2∧A3∧A4=1, it means that the shore power device is usable, the weather is good, the shore power connection box 3 is placed on the top of the slide rail 7, the intelligent controller can communicate with the Internet of Things platform in real time, and shore power operation can be performed.

[0050] If A1∧A2∧A3∧A4≠1, it indicates that there is a fault in the shore power, and shore power fault reporting should not be performed. A fault signal should be reported to the Internet of Things platform.

[0051] Event A1—Real-time monitoring of the operating status of ship shore power low-voltage distribution equipment, shore power cable management equipment, and intelligent control equipment to determine whether the shore power equipment is usable;

[0052] Event A2—Automated meteorological monitoring station 18 monitors environmental meteorological information such as wind speed, rainfall and temperature in real time to determine whether shore power devices can be used under real-time weather conditions;

[0053] Event A3—Is the shore power connection box 3 positioned at the top of the slide rail 7, triggering the limit switch 8? The intelligent controller collects the signal from the laser level gauge 13 and calculates the height of the pier platform above the current water surface. The signal fed back by the radar rangefinder 14 is collected to calculate the height of the shore power connection box 3 above the current water surface. The intelligent controller is set to its initial state. = - , The height of the pier platform above the current water surface. The height of shore power junction box 3 above the current water surface;

[0054] Event A4—Does the smart controller communicate with the IoT platform in real time?

[0055] When the ship owner scans the QR code (marked 19) on the side wall of the berth to access the mini-program or APP terminal to apply for shore power operation permission, they need to fill in relevant ship information and freeboard height. Subsequently, the IoT platform sends the relevant information to the smart controller, which then returns a message indicating successful shore power operation permission application. The smart controller automatically broadcasts the shore power operation procedure to the ship owner via VHF.

[0056] The intelligent controller collects AIS signals in real time to determine whether the vessel has reached the berthing area. Once the vessel reaches the berthing area, the laser scanner 15 scans the berthing area to collect the distance between the vessel and the berthing area and calculate the vessel's freeboard height. Camera 16 monitors the ship's situational awareness, records the shore power operation process, and determines whether the ship is moored. If the mooring is detected, the shore power junction box 3 automatically descends.

[0057] During the downlink process, the intelligent controller collects data from the cable tension sensor 10 and the winding diameter sensor 11 in real time to calculate the winding and unwinding length of the shore power supply cable. The rotational speed of cable reel 5 Based on the direction and tension of the shore power supply cable 2, the cable management device control cabinet 4 drives the cable drum 5 at a certain speed via a frequency converter motor. The tension F releases the shore power supply cable 2; the intelligent controller collects the signal fed back by the radar rangefinder 14 in real time and calculates the height of the shore power junction box 3 above the current water surface. .

[0058] During the downstream process, if the shore power connection box 3 encounters an obstruction, the cable management device control cabinet 4 needs to stop driving the cable reel 5 to release the shore power supply cable 2. The intelligent controller sends a fault signal to the Internet of Things platform, and the judgment formula is:

[0059] ≠ -( + )

[0060] In the formula, The height of the pier platform above the current water surface. The height of shore power connection box 3 above the current water surface. This represents the initial elevation difference between the laser level gauge 13 and the radar rangefinder 14 in the initial state. If the above formula holds true, then the shore power connection box 3 will encounter obstruction during its descent.

[0061] To ensure that the shore power connection box 3 does not accidentally fall into the water during the descent, the preset height of the shore power connection box 3 is:

[0062] =max( , )+

[0063] In the formula, The height of shore power connection box 3 above the current water surface. To apply for a height declaration for freeboard, Calculate the height for freeboard. This refers to the height between the shore power junction box and the freeboard. The values ​​should be chosen to facilitate the ship owner's insertion of the shore power plug. When the radar rangefinder 14 detects that the height of the shore power connection box 3 above the current water surface meets the above formula, the descent of the shore power connection box 3 will stop, and a VHF broadcast will be sent to the ship owner announcing that the shore power plug can be inserted.

[0064] The intelligent controller detects whether the independent safety control circuit for the ship-to-shore connection is connected. When the ship owner plugs in the shore power plug and the connection is detected, the shore power can be switched on via a mobile app. After the shore power is switched on, the intelligent controller starts billing, and the ship uses shore power normally, broadcasting shore power operation information to the ship owner via VHF at set intervals.

[0065] During the operation of shore power, water level changes cause When changes occur, the position of shore power connection box 3 needs to be corrected to prevent it from being submerged in water. The correction formula is as follows:

[0066] = -( + )

[0067] when When >β, cable reel 5 releases the cable, and shore power junction box 3 descends to... + Altitude stop;

[0068] when When <β, cable reel 5 retracts the cable, and shore power junction box 3 moves upward to... + Altitude stop;

[0069] In the formula, This refers to the change in height of shore power junction box 3 above the water surface. The height of shore power connection box 3 above the current water surface. Calculate the height for freeboard. Here, β represents the height between the shore power junction box and the freeboard, and β is a correction threshold. β should ideally be... Maintain consistency and always keep shore power connection box 3 above the ship's freeboard.

[0070] During shore power operation, if the intelligent controller detects that the independent safety control circuit for the ship-to-shore connection is not connected, the intelligent controller will operate the shore power emergency trip and send a fault signal to the Internet of Things platform, and broadcast the shore power plug unplugging operation to the ship owner via VHF.

[0071] Before the vessel finishes berthing, the ship owner performs the shore power disconnection operation via a mini-program. After the shore power is disconnected, the intelligent controller stops billing and sends the electricity consumption information to the IoT platform, broadcasting the shore power disconnection information and electricity consumption information to the ship owner via VHF. The ship owner unplugs the power cord and can pay the bill by scanning the QR code on shore power junction box 3 via the mini-program or a commonly used app.

[0072] Laser scanner 15 scans the distance between the ship and the berthing pier; camera 16 monitors the ship's situational awareness, records the shore power operation process, and determines whether the ship has unmoored. If the unmooring is detected, the shore power connection box 3 automatically moves upward.

[0073] During the uplink process, the intelligent controller collects data from the cable tension sensor 10 and the winding diameter sensor 11 in real time to calculate the length of the shore power supply cable during winding and unwinding. The rotational speed of cable reel 5 Based on the direction and tension of the shore power supply cable 2, the cable management device control cabinet 4 drives the cable drum 5 at a certain speed via a frequency converter motor. The tension F releases the shore power supply cable 2; the intelligent controller collects the signal fed back by the radar rangefinder 14 in real time and calculates the height of the shore power junction box 3 above the current water surface. .

[0074] During the uplink process, if the shore power connection box 3 encounters an obstruction, the cable management device control cabinet 4 needs to stop driving the cable reel 5 to unload the shore power supply cable 2. The intelligent controller sends a fault signal to the IoT platform, and the judgment formula is:

[0075]

[0076] In the formula, Calculate the length for the shore power cable retraction and laying. Weight per unit length of cable The shore power connection box weighs 3 units. This is the error threshold. If the above formula holds true, then the upstream connection of shore power junction box 3 will be blocked.

[0077] During the upward movement, the shore power connection box 3 moves upward along the slide rail 7, triggering the limit switch 8 to stop, and the shore power facility returns to its initial state. = - The shore power usage process is complete.

[0078] During the operation and maintenance of shore power, camera 16 monitors the entire process. If an emergency occurs on site, the management center can use network broadcast 17 to call out to the moored vessels.

[0079] During operation, the automated meteorological monitoring station 18 monitors environmental meteorological information such as wind speed, rainfall and temperature in real time. If there are weather conditions that affect the operation of shore power, the shore power is tripped in an emergency. The ship owner is notified via VHF to disconnect the shore power. The intelligent controller determines whether to retract the shore power junction box 3 based on the ship-shore cable connection status.

[0080] like Figure 3 As shown, the structure of the IoT-based unmanned low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers is mainly divided into three layers: equipment layer, network layer, and management layer. The equipment layer includes electrical equipment and sensing devices installed on the berthing piers; the network layer includes wired communication, 4G, 5G, VHF, and AIS; and the management layer includes the IoT platform and network equipment.

[0081] Therefore, it is possible to achieve unattended fault detection and automated operation of the low-voltage shore power system at the dock.

[0082] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, This includes ship shore power low-voltage distribution equipment, shore power cable management equipment, and intelligent control equipment; The ship shore power low-voltage distribution device is used to collect shore-based electrical energy and to distribute and protect the ship's electrical energy. The shore power cable management device is used to retract and extend the shore power cable to adjust the position of the shore power junction box. The intelligent control device is used to connect the ship's shore power low-voltage distribution device, shore power cable management device and berthing pier through the Internet of Things, and to collect and transmit the operating status of the ship's shore power low-voltage distribution device in real time, so as to realize the management and operation of the shore power facilities on the berthing pier under unattended conditions. The piezoelectric shore power system adopts an unattended low-voltage shore power device based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and the control method of the low-voltage shore power device includes the following steps: In the initial state, the intelligent controller monitors the following conditions in real time: If A1∧A2∧A3∧A4=1, it means that the shore power device is usable, the weather is good, the shore power connection box is placed on the top of the slide rail, the intelligent controller can communicate with the Internet of Things platform in real time, and shore power operation can be performed. If A1∧A2∧A3∧A4≠1, it indicates that there is a fault in the shore power, and the shore power fault should not be reported to the Internet of Things platform. Event A1—Real-time monitoring of the operating status of ship shore power low-voltage distribution equipment, shore power cable management equipment, and intelligent control equipment to determine whether the shore power equipment is usable; Event A2—Automated weather monitoring stations monitor environmental wind speed, rainfall, and temperature meteorological information in real time to determine whether shore power devices can be used under real-time weather conditions; Event A3—Whether the shore power connection box is placed on top of the slide rail and triggers the limit switch; the intelligent controller collects the signal fed back by the laser level gauge and calculates the height of the pier platform above the current water surface. Collect signals from the radar rangefinder and calculate the height of the shore power connection box above the current water surface. The intelligent controller is set to its initial state. = - , The height of the pier platform above the current water surface. This refers to the height of the shore power connection box above the current water surface. Event A4—Does the smart controller communicate with the IoT platform in real time? When a ship owner scans the QR code on the side wall of the berth to access a mini-program or app to apply for shore power operation permissions, they need to fill in relevant ship information and freeboard height. Afterwards, the IoT platform sends the relevant information to the smart controller, which returns a successful application for shore power operation permission. The smart controller then automatically broadcasts the shore power operation procedure to the ship owner via VHF.

2. The IoT-based unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ship shore power low-voltage distribution device includes a shore power distribution cabinet, a shore power supply cable, and a shore power connection box. The shore power distribution cabinet is installed on the berthing pier. One end of the shore power supply cable is connected to the shore power distribution cabinet, and the other end of the shore power supply cable is connected to the shore power connection box.

3. The IoT-based unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shore power distribution cabinet is used to collect shore-based electrical energy and distribute and protect the collected shore-based electrical energy. The shore power supply cable is used to connect the shore power distribution cabinet and the shore power connection box. The shore power connection box is used to provide an interface for connecting the ship to the shore power source.

4. The IoT-based unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shore power distribution cabinet is equipped with a copper busbar, on which are hung an incoming line circuit, a feeder circuit, an insulation monitor, and a surge protector; the incoming line circuit is equipped with an incoming line circuit breaker with isolation function; the feeder circuit is equipped with a control and protection switch.

5. The IoT-based unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shore power supply cable management device includes a cable reel, a cable management device control cabinet, a cable guide frame, a slide rail, a limit switch, and a brake. The cable reel is located on the top of the berthing pier and on the water-facing side of the shore power distribution cabinet. The cable management device control cabinet is located at the lower end of the cable reel. The shore power supply cable is wound on the cable reel. The cable guide extends outward and is located at the edge of the berthing pier. The slide rail is located on the side wall of the berthing pier. A limit switch is installed on the top of the slide rail on the berthing pier. The brake is located on the cable reel.

6. The IoT-based unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cable management device's electrical control cabinet is equipped with a circuit breaker and a frequency converter. The frequency converter is used to drive and control the rotation direction and speed of the variable frequency motor, which in turn drives the cable reel to rotate.

7. The IoT-based unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers according to claim 6, characterized in that, The intelligent control device includes an intelligent control cabinet, a roll diameter sensor, a cable tension sensor, a laser level gauge, and a radar rangefinder. The intelligent control cabinet is installed on the berthing pier and located at the lower end of the cable reel. The diameter sensor is installed on the roller of the cable reel and is used to monitor the winding diameter of the cable reel in real time. The cable tension sensor is installed between the cable reel and the cable guide frame and is used to monitor the tension of the shore power supply cable in real time. The laser level gauge is installed on the top of the berthing pier and is used to measure the real-time water level of the area. The radar rangefinder is installed on the shore power connection box and is used to measure the distance between the shore power connection box and the water surface in real time.

8. The IoT-based unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intelligent control device also includes a QR code, a laser scanner, a camera, a network broadcast system, and an automated meteorological monitoring station installed on the top of the berthing pier. The QR code is set on the side wall of the berthing pier. The laser scanner is used to collect the relative position and freeboard height between the ship and the berthing pier in real time. The camera is used to collect atlas information of the moored ship and record the entire process of shore power operation. The network broadcast system is used by the management center to call out to the moored ship. The automated meteorological monitoring station is used to monitor and collect information on wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, air humidity, precipitation, and water level.

9. The IoT-based unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers according to claim 7, characterized in that, The frequency converter calculates the cable diameter based on the signal feedback from the diameter sensor on the cable reel.

10. The IoT-based unattended low-voltage shore power system for berthing piers according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intelligent control cabinet is equipped with an intelligent controller, an AIS / VHF transceiver, and a video acquisition, storage, and analysis module; the AIS / VHF transceiver and the video acquisition, storage, and analysis module are connected to the intelligent controller via communication. The intelligent controller is used to monitor the operation data of shore power facilities, environmental parameters and ship-to-shore connection cable status in real time, and upload the status of shore power facilities and send control parameters through the communication interface. The AIS / VHF transceiver is used to sense the ship's position and to broadcast shore power operation voice messages and communications to the ship. The video acquisition, storage, and analysis module is used to monitor and analyze the ship's power consumption.

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