Breeding method and application of red flower purple red spot limited fruit branch ornamental cotton

Abstract

The invention relates to a breeding method and application of red flower purple red spot limited fruit branch ornamental cotton, and belongs to the technical field of crop breeding. The breeding method comprises the following steps: hybridizing early-maturing insect-resistant limited fruit branch variety cotton and safflower infinite fruit branch variety cotton as male parents and female parents, and performing mixed harvesting on F1 generations; selecting red flower buds and petals in the F2 generation, and singly harvesting a limited fruit branch with a purple red spot character at the base part of the petals; single plants of the limited red flower purple red spot fruit branches are selected from F3-F8 generations to be singly harvested, and the ornamental cotton with the limited red flower purple red spot fruit branches is obtained. According to the red flower purple red spot limited fruit branch ornamental cotton cultivated through the method, the petals are red in the whole process from flowering to withering, meanwhile, the fruit branches are limited fruit branches, the bases of the petals have purple red spots, the color character of the petals is quite obviously different from that of other limited fruit branch ornamental cotton in the prior art, and the beautiful scene with red flowers and green leaves is shown in the flowering period; flowering is concentrated and compact, and the ornamental value is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crop breeding technology, and in particular to a breeding method for ornamental cotton with red flowers and purple spots and limited fruit branches, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Among existing ornamental cotton varieties, early-maturing, determinate fruiting-branch ornamental cotton exhibits a compact plant shape and concentrated flowering, easily achieving a vibrant bloom. Currently, the main cotton varieties cultivated in production have relatively uniform petal colors, generally creamy white, with pink and red petal varieties being extremely rare. Early-maturing, determinate fruiting-branch ornamental cotton typically has creamy white petals when it first blooms. To enhance the ornamental value of cotton, there is an urgent need to cultivate a red-flowered, purple-spotted determinate fruiting-branch ornamental cotton. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a breeding method and application of a red-flowered, purple-spotted, limited-fruiting-branch ornamental cotton, in order to solve the problem of monochromatic petal color and poor ornamental value of existing ornamental cotton.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a method for breeding ornamental cotton with red flowers and purple-red spots and limited fruiting branches, comprising the following steps: (1) The male parent was an early-maturing, insect-resistant, limited-fruiting-branch cotton variety with a growth period of <103 days; the female parent was a red-flowered, indeterminate-fruiting-branch cotton variety with a growth period of >110 days. (2) Cross the male parent and the female parent, and harvest the F1 generation together; select 1-2 fruit nodes / fruit branches, 1-3 flower buds / fruit nodes, red flower buds and petals, and limited fruit branches with purple-red spots at the base of the petals for single harvesting in the F2 generation, and eliminate single plants with white petals and indeterminate fruit branches. (3) Select single plants of red-flowered purple-red-spotted limited fruit branches from F3 to F8 generations to obtain parent seeds of red-flowered purple-red-spotted limited fruit branches.

[0005] Preferably, the male parent plant height in step (1) is <1.0m, the number of fruit nodes of the male parent is 1-2 per fruit branch, and the number of flower buds of the male parent is 1-3 per fruit node; The female parent plant has red flower buds and petals with purplish-red spots at the base of the petals, and the total number of bolls in the female parent plant is greater than 50,000 per mu; The difference in plant height between the male and female parents is greater than 20cm.

[0006] Preferably, the F2 generation in step (2) further includes selecting the reproductive period; The selection criteria are single plants with limited fruit branches that have a growth period of <103 days or >110 days.

[0007] Preferably, in step (3), the F3 to F8 generations further include the selection of single plants with red flowers and purple spots of limited fruit branches that have one or more traits such as strong growth, tall plants, short plants, long growth period, short growth period and insect resistance.

[0008] The present invention also provides the application of the aforementioned breeding method in the breeding of ornamental cotton with red flowers and purple spots and limited fruit branches.

[0009] The present invention also provides ornamental cotton with red flowers and purple spots and limited fruit branches bred by the aforementioned breeding method.

[0010] The present invention has the following technical effects and advantages: The ornamental cotton with red flowers and purple-red spots and limited fruiting branches cultivated by this invention has red petals from the time of flowering to the time of withering, and the fruiting branches are limited. The difference in petal color characteristics between this invention and other ornamental cottons with limited fruiting branches in the prior art is very obvious. During the flowering period, it presents a beautiful scene of red flowers and green leaves. In particular, the base of the petals has purple-red spots, which is full of nobility and cold beauty. The flowers are concentrated and compact, and the ornamental value is excellent. The breeding method of this invention can also breed ornamental cotton varieties that are suitable for different viewing scenarios and are easy to plant and manage by increasing the selection of target traits (such as growth period, plant vigor, plant height, insect resistance, etc.). Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a single plant of the male parent cotton variety ZS03, a determinate fruit-branch insect-resistant cotton variety. Figure 2 The parent homozygous strain TH1104 is a red-flowered, indeterminate fruiting branch cotton fruiting branch; Figure 3 A contrast between the red and milky white flower buds of the F2 generation; Figure 4 This is an F8 generation of red-flowered, purple-red-spotted, limited-fruiting ornamental cotton branch; Figure 5 This is a single ornamental cotton plant with red flowers and purple-red spots, belonging to the F8 generation and limited fruiting branches. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0013] In the test materials of this invention, the male parent of cotton is the cotton variety ZS03, a determinate fruiting branch insect-resistant cotton, with an average plant height of 0.92m in its natural habitat, an average growth period of 100.1d, 1-2 fruiting nodes per fruiting branch, and 1-3 flower buds per fruiting node; the female parent of cotton is the homozygous red-flowered indeterminate fruiting branch cotton TH1104, a homozygous progeny of the LuHB standard hybrid-5 hybrid, with an average plant height of 1.26m in its natural habitat, an average growth period of 113d, a planting density of 3300 plants / mu, an average number of bolls per plant of 15.6, and a total number of bolls of >50,000 / mu.

[0014] Example 1: Breeding of Ornamental Cotton with Red Flowers and Purple-Red Spots and Limited Fruiting Branches (1) Parental selection was conducted in 2020, using the cotton variety ZS03, a determinate fruit-bearing insect-resistant cotton, as the male parent. Sowing was carried out at the end of April. Figure 1 As shown; using the TH1104 line homozygous red-flowered indeterminate fruiting cotton as the female parent, sowing was carried out in mid-April, as... Figure 2 As shown; this allows the flowering periods of the parents to coincide, facilitating artificial pollination to obtain the F1 generation of hybrid combinations; (2) In 2021, the hybrid combination (TH1104×ZS03) F1 prepared in the previous year was planted, and F2 generation seeds were obtained by mixing F1 generation seeds; (3) F2 generation planting was carried out in mid-to-late May 2022. F3 generation seeds were obtained from single-plant F2 plants with 1-2 fruit nodes / branches, 1-3 flower buds / branches, red flower buds and petals, petals with purplish-red spots at the base, strong growth, and insect resistance. A total of 240 plants were obtained. At the same time, single plants with white petals and indeterminate fruit branches were discarded. Figure 3 As shown; (4) In 2022, F3 generation plants were planted in Sanya City, Hainan Province, and single plants with red flowers and purple spots were selected as F4 generation seeds for single harvest. (5) In 2023, F4 generation plants were planted in Wuhan, Hubei Province, and single plants with tall plant characteristics and red flowers with purple spots and limited fruit branches were selected as F5 generation seeds for single harvest. (6) In 2023, F5 generation plants were planted in Sanya City, Hainan Province, and single plants with red flowers and purple spots were selected as F6 generation seeds for single harvest. (7) In 2024, F6 generation plants were planted in Wuhan, Hubei Province, and single plants with tall plant characteristics and red flowers with purple spots and limited fruit branches were selected as F7 generation seeds for single harvest. (8) In 2024, F7 generation was planted in Sanya City, Hainan Province. Single plants with strong growth and insect resistance were selected as F8 generation for single harvest, and ornamental cotton with red flowers and purple spots was obtained. (9) In 2025, F8 generation plants were planted in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province. Individual plants with strong growth and insect resistance, exhibiting limited fruiting branches with red flowers and purple-red spots (such as...) were selected. Figures 4-5Seeds of the F9 generation (as shown) were obtained as a single harvest to produce seeds of the parent cotton with red flowers and purple spots, which were then used for propagation.

[0015] Experimental Example 1: Cultivation of Red-flowered, Purple-spotted, Determinate Fruiting Branch Ornamental Cotton The F8 generation of red-flowered, purple-spotted, limited-fruiting-branch ornamental cotton obtained in Example 1 was planted in Hubei Province. The results showed that the red-flowered, purple-spotted, limited-fruiting-branch ornamental cotton of the present invention is characterized by red flower buds and petals, purple-spotted spots at the base of the petals, and limited fruiting branches. The number of fruiting branches is 12-14 layers, the number of bolls per plant is 13-15, the flowering concentration is as high as 4 flowers / day, the purple-spotted spots at the base of the petals are obvious, and it is resistant to bollworm.

[0016] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a method for breeding a red-flowered, purple-spotted, determinate fruiting branch ornamental cotton and its application. The red-flowered, purple-spotted, determinate fruiting branch ornamental cotton bred by the present invention has petals that remain red throughout the entire flowering process, and its fruiting branches are determinate. The petal color characteristics are significantly different from other determinate fruiting branch ornamental cottons in the prior art, presenting a beautiful scene of red flowers paired with green leaves during the flowering period; in particular, the purple-spotted base of the petals exudes a sense of nobility and cool elegance, and the flowering is concentrated and compact, resulting in excellent ornamental value.

[0017] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding a red-flowered, purple-spotted, determinate fruiting branch ornamental cotton, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) The male parent was an early-maturing, insect-resistant, limited-fruiting-branch cotton variety with a growth period of <103 days; the female parent was a red-flowered, indeterminate-fruiting-branch cotton variety with a growth period of >110 days. (2) Cross the male parent and the female parent, and harvest the F1 generation together; select 1-2 fruit nodes / fruit branches, 1-3 flower buds / fruit nodes, red flower buds and petals, and limited fruit branches with purple-red spots at the base of the petals for single harvesting in the F2 generation, and eliminate single plants with white petals and indeterminate fruit branches. (3) Select single plants of red-flowered purple-red-spotted limited fruit branches from F3 to F8 generations to obtain parent seeds of red-flowered purple-red-spotted limited fruit branches.

2. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The male parent plant height in step (1) is <1.0m, the number of fruit nodes of the male parent is 1-2 per fruit branch, and the number of flower buds of the male parent is 1-3 per fruit node; The female parent plant has red flower buds and petals with purplish-red spots at the base of the petals, and the total number of bolls in the female parent plant is greater than 50,000 per mu; The difference in plant height between the male and female parents is greater than 20cm.

3. The breeding method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step (2) of the F2 generation also includes selecting the reproductive period; The selection criteria are single plants with limited fruit branches that have a growth period of <103 days or >110 days.

4. The breeding method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (3), the F3 to F8 generations also include the selection of single plants with red flowers and purple spots of limited fruit branches that have one or more traits such as strong growth, tall plants, short plants, long growth period, short growth period and insect resistance.

5. The application of the breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the breeding of ornamental cotton with red flowers and purple spots and limited fruit branches.

6. The ornamental cotton with red flowers and purple spots of limited fruit branches bred by the breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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