Nitrogen charging equipment and method for treating tail gas during pyrolytic degumming of lithium battery black powder

Abstract

The present application relates to tail gas treatment technical field, specifically for lithium battery black powder pyrolysis degumming time tail gas treatment nitrogen filling equipment and method thereof, the equipment includes: nitrogen filling tank, its bottom is equipped with tail gas import, top is equipped with tail gas export; Nitrogen filling pipeline structure is connected with nitrogen filling tank, is used for conveying nitrogen to the tank; Nitrogen filling pipeline structure includes nitrogen filling main pipe, and first nitrogen inlet, second nitrogen inlet and third nitrogen inlet are set from below to above along nitrogen filling main pipe and extend into the inside of nitrogen filling tank; Alkali liquor treatment unit is set in the inside of nitrogen filling tank, is used for the quenching and neutralization reaction of tail gas; Alkali liquor treatment unit includes the alkali liquor cylinder for receiving alkali liquor set in the bottom of tank body, and the packing plate for receiving alkali liquor set above alkali liquor cylinder; And dynamic demisting mechanism is set in the top of nitrogen filling tank, is located between packing plate and tail gas export; Can reach the purpose of promoting tail gas treatment efficiency and safety through nitrogen filling process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tail gas treatment, in particular to a nitrogen filling equipment and method for tail gas treatment during pyrolysis of lithium battery black powder. BACKGROUND

[0002] Harmless treatment and resource recycling of waste lithium ion batteries have become a key link related to environmental protection and sustainable development. In many recycling processes, the removal of battery black powder, i.e. adhesive in electrode material powder, by pyrolysis to achieve efficient separation of black powder and current collector is one of the mainstream technical routes in the industry. However, this process will cause PVDF decomposition under high temperature conditions, producing highly toxic, strongly corrosive and flammable tail gas represented by hydrogen fluoride, carbon monoxide and various complex volatile organic compounds. If these tail gas components are not properly treated, they will not only cause serious corrosion of production equipment, environmental pollution and harm to human health, but also pose a major safety risk of explosion due to accumulation of flammable gas.

[0003] Therefore, efficient and safe purification treatment of pyrolysis tail gas is an indispensable part of the entire recycling process. Currently, the industry generally uses alkaline spray towers to neutralize and absorb acidic gases. However, it is difficult for conventional systems to completely isolate oxygen during pyrolysis and tail gas treatment, and the flammable gas produced by pyrolysis is easy to form an explosive mixture with oxygen. Under high temperature or the presence of ignition sources, it is extremely likely to cause a fire and explosion accident. Although nitrogen filling protection as a safety measure has been recognized by the industry, the nitrogen filling points in the existing technology are usually set at the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, which is a rough method and cannot form and maintain a stable and reliable inert atmosphere inside the key equipment where flammable gas is easy to accumulate. Secondly, the units for quenching, neutralizing and demisting of tail gas are often connected in series as independent devices, with long process flow and complex system. In particular, the treatment efficiency of the alkaline absorption unit for tail gas is closely related to the residence time of the tail gas in the equipment, and the existing technology lacks the ability to adjust the treatment intensity in real time according to the concentration of the tail gas, which cannot balance the thorough purification of high-concentration tail gas and the efficient treatment of low-concentration tail gas, resulting in low running efficiency. In addition, the traditional demister is easy to cause blockage when treating tail gas containing tar, as liquid droplets and tar are easy to adhere and condense on the surface of the demisting element, which not only causes a sharp decrease in demisting efficiency, but also requires frequent shutdown for cleaning. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a nitrogen filling equipment and method for tail gas treatment during pyrolysis of lithium battery black powder, to promote the efficiency and safety of tail gas treatment through the nitrogen filling process, and to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a nitrogen filling equipment for tail gas treatment during pyrolysis of lithium battery black powder, comprising:

[0006] The nitrogen charging tank is provided with a tail gas inlet at the bottom and a tail gas outlet at the top;

[0007] The nitrogen charging pipeline structure is connected with the nitrogen charging tank and used for conveying nitrogen into the tank; the nitrogen charging pipeline structure comprises a nitrogen charging main pipe, and a first nitrogen inlet, a second nitrogen inlet and a third nitrogen inlet arranged along the nitrogen charging main pipe from bottom to top and extending into the inside of the nitrogen charging tank;

[0008] The alkali solution treatment unit is arranged in the inside of the nitrogen charging tank and used for quenching and neutralizing reaction of the tail gas; the alkali solution treatment unit comprises an alkali solution cylinder arranged at the bottom of the tank body and used for receiving alkali solution, and a packing plate arranged above the alkali solution cylinder and used for receiving alkali solution; and

[0009] The dynamic demisting mechanism is arranged at the top of the nitrogen charging tank and located between the packing plate and the tail gas outlet; the dynamic demisting mechanism comprises a fixed demisting seat and a demisting cover rotatably arranged on the demisting seat, an outer wall of the demisting cover is provided with a blade structure driven by nitrogen, and an outlet of the third nitrogen inlet is arranged towards the blade structure so as to drive the demisting cover to rotate by nitrogen.

[0010] A main valve is arranged on the nitrogen charging pipeline structure and used for controlling the overall nitrogen charging pressure;

[0011] A shunt valve is arranged at the first nitrogen inlet and used for independently controlling the nitrogen charging pressure of the first nitrogen inlet.

[0012] The bottom of the alkali solution cylinder is provided with an exchange hole, and the top of the alkali solution cylinder is provided with an air outlet mechanism; the air outlet mechanism comprises a bubbling cylinder fixed on the top of the alkali solution cylinder, and a lifting cover movably sleeved on the bubbling cylinder;

[0013] The cylinder wall of the bubbling cylinder is provided with layered holes, and a limiting spring is arranged between the lifting cover and the alkali solution cylinder, so that the lifting cover can lift under the action of air pressure to overcome the elastic force of the limiting spring, thereby changing the number of exposed layered holes.

[0014] The dynamic demisting mechanism further comprises a bottom support and a rotating shaft;

[0015] The bottom support is fixed in the nitrogen charging tank, the rotating shaft is rotatably installed at the center of the bottom support through a bearing, and the demisting cover is fixedly installed at the top end of the rotating shaft.

[0016] The bottom support is provided with a guide sliding slot, and a sliding block is limitingly and slidably installed in the guide sliding slot;

[0017] A cam is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the demisting cover can intermittently push the sliding block through the cam when rotating;

[0018] Further comprising a lever, one end of the lever is in contact with the inclined surface of the sliding block, and the other end can produce intermittent knocking action when the sliding block is pushed.

[0019] The inner wall of the demisting seat is vertically provided with an inner baffle, and the lever can intermittently hit the inner baffle when generating a knocking action, so that the demisting seat is vibrated.

[0020] The bottom of the filler plate is fixedly connected with a flow guide pipe, and the flow guide pipe is in a sandglass shape and is provided with a mixing groove in the middle.

[0021] The outer surface of the mixing groove is provided with a lower blade, and the outlet of the second nitrogen inlet is arranged towards the lower blade, so as to drive the flow guide pipe and the filler plate to rotate by nitrogen.

[0022] The top surface of the filler plate is annularly provided with a vertical flow distribution plate.

[0023] The bottom of the nitrogen charging tank is further provided with a recovery pipe.

[0024] The processing method of the nitrogen charging equipment for treating tail gas during pyrolysis and degumming of lithium battery black powder heat, comprising the following steps:

[0025] The pyrolysis tail gas is introduced into the nitrogen charging tank from the tail gas inlet;

[0026] The nitrogen charging pipeline is opened, so that nitrogen enters the tank through the first, second and third nitrogen inlets, and a nitrogen protective atmosphere is established;

[0027] During the rising process of the tail gas, the tail gas is first mixed with nitrogen and passes through the alkali solution in the alkali solution cylinder for preliminary rapid cooling and neutralization, and the reacted gas escapes from the top of the alkali solution cylinder;

[0028] Then, the gas enters the filler plate area and contacts with the supplemented alkali solution and nitrogen for deep purification;

[0029] Finally, the gas reaches the dynamic demisting mechanism, liquid droplets are captured and separated by the rotating centrifugal action and vibration, and the purified gas is discharged from the tail gas outlet.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0031] 1. By the multi-level nitrogen protection system composed of the nitrogen charging main pipe, the first, second and third nitrogen inlets, an inert environment can be established and maintained simultaneously at the initial, intermediate and final stages of tail gas treatment, achieving intrinsic safety of the whole process and fundamentally eliminating the explosion risk caused by contact of flammable tail gas with oxygen.

[0032] 2. The first nitrogen inlet at the bottom not only provides a protective atmosphere, but also can accurately control the gas pressure through the flow distribution valve, directly driving the passing rate of the tail gas in the alkali solution cylinder, so that the equipment can adapt to different concentrations of tail gas working conditions, reduce the gas pressure to prolong the reaction time and ensure the treatment quality when the concentration is high, and increase the gas pressure to speed up the treatment speed and improve the efficiency when the concentration is low, thereby intelligently balancing the treatment quality and production efficiency.

[0033] 3. The tail gas is sequentially quenched and preliminarily neutralized by the alkali solution cylinder filled with alkali solution, and deeply reacted by the rotating packing plate supplemented with liquid from the second alkali adding port and strengthened by nitrogen, so that the multi-stage purification system significantly improves the absorption and removal efficiency of acidic pollutants such as HF; the demisting mechanism at the top is driven by the airflow blown out of the third nitrogen inlet, the upper blade is driven, the demisting cover is rotated, the captured liquid droplets are thrown out by centrifugal force, and at the same time, the rotation is converted into intermittent knocking vibration of the demisting seat through the cam, slider and lever mechanism, realizing dynamic, self-cleaning and efficient demisting, effectively preventing mist accumulation and blockage, and ensuring the long-term stability of the demisting effect.

[0034] 4. The alkali solution absorption, dynamic mechanical demisting and nitrogen protection are integrated in the single nitrogen charging tank, the equipment structure is compact, and the process flow is smooth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is the first schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application.

[0036] Figure 2 It is the second schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the nitrogen charging tank.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tail gas treatment component.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the nitrogen charging pipeline structure.

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the alkali adding pipeline structure.

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the alkali solution cylinder structure.

[0042] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the bubble cylinder and lifting cover structure.

[0043] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the demisting cover and packing plate connection structure.

[0044] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the demisting cover and demisting seat structure.

[0045] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the demisting seat structure.

[0046] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the packing plate and drainage pipe structure.

[0047] In the figure: 1, nitrogen filling tank; 2, tail gas inlet; 3, tail gas outlet; 4, nitrogen filling main pipe; 5, first nitrogen inlet; 6, second nitrogen inlet; 7, third nitrogen inlet; 8, flow distribution valve; 9, main valve; 10, alkali adding main pipe; 11, first alkali adding port; 12, second alkali adding port; 13, alkali solution cylinder; 14, exchange hole; 15, bubbling cylinder; 16, layering hole; 17, lifting cover; 18, limiting spring; 19, bottom support; 20, demisting seat; 21, rotating shaft; 22, demisting cover; 23, upper blade; 24, guide sliding groove; 25, sliding block; 26, lever; 27, inner baffle; 28, cam; 29, packing plate; 30, drainage pipe; 31, mixing tank; 32, lower blade; 33, flow distribution plate; 34, recovery pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments described below or technical features thereof can be combined in any manner to form new embodiments without conflict. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the application.

[0049] Please refer to Figures 1 to 12 The application provides a technical solution: a nitrogen filling equipment for treating tail gas during pyrolysis and degumming of lithium battery black powder. The nitrogen filling equipment can uniformly and effectively mix nitrogen in the tail gas in the initial stage of tail gas recovery, plays a role of nitrogen protection in the whole treatment process, and more efficiently completes the quenching work of the tail gas and the absorption and separation work of acidic substances therein by using the nitrogen filling process.

[0050] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown, the main body of the nitrogen filling equipment is a circular tank type nitrogen filling tank 1. One side of the bottom of the nitrogen filling tank 1 is welded with a tail gas inlet 2, and the top of the nitrogen filling tank 1 is welded with a tail gas outlet 3. When the tail gas generated by removing the glue in the black powder is introduced from the tail gas inlet 2, the tail gas can rise in the tank body to complete the treatment work, and then escape from the tail gas outlet 3 to enter the next treatment process.

[0051] As Figures 2-5 shown, the nitrogen filling tank 1 is connected with a nitrogen filling pipeline structure for multi-point delivery of nitrogen into the nitrogen filling tank 1 for nitrogen protection in the treatment of the tail gas.

[0052] The nitrogen filling pipeline structure comprises a nitrogen filling main pipe 4, a first nitrogen inlet 5, a second nitrogen inlet 6 and a third nitrogen inlet 7 are arranged on the nitrogen filling main pipe 4 from bottom to top, the first nitrogen inlet 5, the second nitrogen inlet 6 and the third nitrogen inlet 7 are all welded and fixed on the nitrogen filling tank 1 and inserted into the nitrogen filling tank 1, a main valve 9 is arranged on the nitrogen filling main pipe 4, a shunt valve 8 is arranged on the first nitrogen inlet 5, the nitrogen filling pressure of the whole nitrogen filling pipeline structure is controlled through the main valve 9, the nitrogen filling pressure at the first nitrogen inlet 5 is controlled through the shunt valve 8, and the nitrogen filling main pipe 4 is connected with a nitrogen tank.

[0053] As shown in Figures 2-6 , the nitrogen filling tank 1 is connected with an alkali adding pipeline structure, which is used for multi-point delivery of alkali liquor into the nitrogen filling tank 1 and performs neutralization treatment on tail gas.

[0054] The alkali adding pipeline structure comprises an alkali adding main pipe 10, a first alkali inlet 11 and a second alkali inlet 12 are arranged on the alkali adding main pipe 10 from bottom to top, the first alkali inlet 11 and the second alkali inlet 12 are all welded and fixed on the nitrogen filling tank 1 and inserted into the nitrogen filling tank 1, the alkali liquor is supplied into the nitrogen filling tank 1 through the first alkali inlet 11 and the second alkali inlet 12, the alkali adding main pipe 10 is connected with an alkali liquor storage tank, and the alkali liquor is usually a low-temperature NaOH solution, which is used for rapid cooling of high-temperature tail gas and preliminary neutralization and absorption of acid gases such as HF.

[0055] As shown in Figure 7 , the alkali adding main pipe 10 is connected with an alkali liquor cylinder 13, the alkali liquor cylinder 13 is arranged on the bottom of the nitrogen filling tank 1 and above the tail gas inlet 2, the alkali liquor cylinder 13 is connected with the first alkali inlet 11, the alkali liquor is delivered into the alkali liquor cylinder 13 through the first alkali inlet 11, the alkali liquor cylinder 13 can accumulate the alkali liquor, and the bottom surface of the alkali liquor cylinder 13 is provided with exchange holes 14 for dripping of the alkali liquor and entry of the tail gas and nitrogen, so that the tail gas mixed with nitrogen can fully react in the alkali liquor and be preliminarily neutralized.

[0056] The alkali liquor cylinder 13 can control the reaction and passing time of the tail gas therein, the nitrogen gas is supplied through the first nitrogen inlet 5, the gas pressure in the bottom of the nitrogen filling tank 1 and the alkali liquor cylinder 13 is adjusted, when the nitrogen gas pressure is higher, the tail gas can pass through the alkali liquor cylinder 13 faster, the tail gas treatment speed is accelerated, and the alkali liquor cylinder 13 is more suitable for the case that the concentration of the tail gas is low, therefore, the opening degree of the shunt valve 8 can be adjusted according to the concentration of the tail gas, the tail gas treatment speed can be freely adjusted, and the quality and efficiency of the tail gas treatment can be considered.

[0057] As shown in Figure 8As shown, the top of the lye cylinder 13 is provided with a gas outlet mechanism that changes the size of the through hole according to the gas pressure, so that the treated tail gas escapes from the gas outlet mechanism of the lye cylinder 13, the gas outlet mechanism includes a bubble cylinder 15 distributed on the top of the lye cylinder 13, the bottom of the bubble cylinder 15 is welded on the lye cylinder 13, and the bubble cylinder 15 communicates with the lye cylinder 13, the outer wall of the bubble cylinder 15 is provided with a plurality of layered holes 16, and the bubble cylinder 15 is movably sleeved with a lifting cover 17, the lifting cover 17 can block the layered holes 16 on the bubble cylinder 15, at the same time, the lifting cover 17 and the lye cylinder 13 are fixedly connected by a limiting spring 18 through a pin, the lifting cover 17 is kept in the state of blocking the layered holes 16 by the limiting spring 18, and the gas pressure is balanced, when the nitrogen filling speed of the first nitrogen inlet 5 increases, the gas pressure increases, the lifting cover 17 can be further lifted to overcome the elastic force of the limiting spring 18, and more layered holes 16 are exposed, achieving the effect that the treatment speed of the tail gas in the lye cylinder 13 can be freely adjusted according to the concentration of the tail gas.

[0058] As shown in Figure 9 , considering that the tail gas will have liquid droplets after passing through the lye, it is necessary to avoid the liquid droplets entering the next processing process with the tail gas, therefore, a demisting mechanism working with nitrogen is arranged on the top of the nitrogen filling tank 1.

[0059] As shown in Figure 9 , Figure 10 , the upper part of the nitrogen filling tank 1 is welded and fixed with a bottom support 19, the upper surface of the bottom support 19 is welded and fixed with a circular tube-shaped demisting seat 20, the central position of the bottom support 19 is rotatably installed with a rotating shaft 21 through a bearing, the top end of the rotating shaft 21 is fixed with a demisting cover 22 through welding, the demisting cover 22 is a cylindrical structure with an open bottom, the demisting cover 22 is inverted on the demisting seat 20, and the demisting cover 22 can rotate on the demisting seat 20, the bottom support 19, the demisting seat 20 and the demisting cover 22 all adopt a porous pad structure woven, wound or sintered by very fine stainless steel wires, which has a pore structure for the passage of tail gas, so that the liquid therein can collide with the wires and be left behind, finally the tail gas flows out from the top tail gas outlet 3, and the liquid droplets drop along the demisting seat 20 and the demisting cover 22, achieving a double-layer demisting effect.

[0060] Further, as shown in Figures 1 to 10As shown, the outer wall of the demisting cover 22 is annularly provided with an upper blade 23, and the third nitrogen inlet 7 is provided with an inclined port at the end in the nitrogen filling tank 1, which is arranged towards the upper blade 23, when nitrogen is supplemented to the position of the demisting cover 22 and the demisting seat 20 through the third nitrogen inlet 7, further nitrogen protection is provided for the tail gas, and at the same time, the gas pressure generated by the nitrogen acts on the upper blade 23, so that the demisting cover 22 rotates around the rotating shaft 21, and the demisting cover 22 can generate centrifugal force to throw off the liquid drops thereon, so that the subsequent liquid drops can be more effectively blocked by the demisting cover 22 and the demisting seat 20.

[0061] At the same time, as shown in the drawings, Figure 11 The guiding sliding groove 24 is linearly arranged on the bottom support 19, the sliding block 25 is limitingly and slidably arranged at one end of the guiding sliding groove 24 close to the rotating shaft 21, the lever 26 is rotatably arranged at the other end of the guiding sliding groove 24 away from the rotating shaft 21, the sliding block 25 is provided with an inclined surface towards one side of the lever 26, the inclined surface is in contact with the long arm end of the lever 26, the eccentric shaft of the lever 26 is provided with a torsion spring for angle limiting of the lever 26, further, the cam 28 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 21, when the demisting cover 22 drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate, the cam 28 can intermittently push the sliding block 25, when the sliding block 25 is pushed, the side provided with the inclined surface can push the lever 26 to turn, so that the short arm end of the lever 26 is slightly turned, the lever 26 can save labor, and the normal rotation of the demisting cover 22 is avoided, the inner baffle 27 is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the demisting seat 20, when the lever 26 is turned, the inner baffle 27 can intermittently impact on the inner baffle 27, drives the demisting seat 20 to vibrate, promotes the liquid drops on the demisting seat 20 to fall, and the normal demisting effect is avoided.

[0062] As shown in the drawings, Figure 12 The present application is provided with the filler plate 29 in the middle of the nitrogen filling tank 1, the filler plate 29 is between the lye cylinder 13 and the bottom support 19, mainly plays the effect of storing lye, further promotes the contact and reaction of the lye and the tail gas, and separates and removes the acidic substances in the tail gas.

[0063] The filler plate 29 is made of silicon carbide or reinforced polypropylene, which has excellent HF corrosion resistance and high mass transfer performance. The bottom of the filler plate 29 is welded with a flow guide pipe 30, which is in the shape of a sandglass. A mixing groove 31 is arranged in the middle of the flow guide pipe 30, which penetrates the inner and outer sides of the flow guide pipe 30. The outer surface of the mixing groove 31 is provided with a corresponding lower blade 32. The end of the second nitrogen inlet 6 in the nitrogen charging tank 1 is also provided with an inclined port, which is arranged towards the lower blade 32. When nitrogen is supplemented to the position of the flow guide pipe 30 through the second nitrogen inlet 6, the gas pressure generated by the nitrogen acts on the lower blade 32, so that the flow guide pipe 30 and the filler plate 29 rotate with the demisting cover 22. On the one hand, the nitrogen enters the flow guide pipe 30 from different mixing grooves 31, and the tail gas enters the flow guide pipe 30 from the bottom of the flow guide pipe 30, so that the tail gas can be mixed with nitrogen in the middle of the flow guide pipe 30 and then rise to the position of the filler plate 29 in the nitrogen atmosphere. At the same time, the inner port of the second alkali inlet 12 is arranged towards the top of the filler plate 29, so that the alkali solution can be added from the filler plate 29 to further separate and treat the tail gas. The top surface of the filler plate 29 is annularly provided with a vertical flow distribution plate 33. When the filler plate 29 rotates, the flow distribution plate 33 can push the alkali solution, so that the alkali solution is more uniformly distributed on the filler plate 29 to treat the tail gas.

[0064] As shown in Figure 1 The bottom of the nitrogen charging tank 1 is also provided with a recovery pipe 34 for recovering the alkali solution flowing to the bottom of the nitrogen charging tank 1 after the tail gas is treated.

[0065] In use, first, the high-temperature tail gas generated by pyrolysis of black powder is introduced into the nitrogen charging tank 1 from the tail gas inlet 2, and the main valve 9 and the flow distribution valve 8 of the nitrogen charging pipeline are opened, so that the nitrogen enters the bottom of the tank, the filler plate 29 area and the demisting mechanism area through the first nitrogen inlet 5, the second nitrogen inlet 6 and the third nitrogen inlet 7 respectively, and a nitrogen protection atmosphere is established throughout the process. In the rising process of the tail gas, the tail gas is first mixed with nitrogen from the first nitrogen inlet 5 at the bottom of the tank, and then passes through the alkali solution in the alkali solution cylinder 13 under the action of gas pressure to perform preliminary rapid cooling and acid substance neutralization reaction. The reacted gas escapes by pushing the lifting cover 17 on the bubbling cylinder 15. Then, the gas enters the middle filler plate 29 area, fully contacts with the alkali solution supplemented from the second alkali inlet 12 and the nitrogen from the second nitrogen inlet 6, and is deeply purified. At the same time, the rotating filler plate 29 makes the alkali solution more uniformly distributed. Finally, the gas reaches the demisting mechanism at the top. When passing through the demisting seat 20 and the rotating demisting cover 22, the liquid droplets are efficiently captured and separated by centrifugal force and vibration. The purified dry gas is discharged from the tail gas outlet 3, and the used waste alkali solution is recovered through the recovery pipe 34 at the bottom.

[0066] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the principles and application of the present application. Numerous modifications and adaptions can be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, which is not limited to the exact construction and arrangement described. It is intended, therefore, to cover all modifications and adaptions that fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A nitrogen-filling device for treating the exhaust gas during the thermal degelling of lithium battery black powder, characterized in that: include: The nitrogen filling tank has an exhaust gas inlet at the bottom and an exhaust gas outlet at the top. A nitrogen filling pipeline structure is connected to the nitrogen filling tank and is used to deliver nitrogen gas into the tank; the nitrogen filling pipeline structure includes a nitrogen filling main pipe, and a first nitrogen inlet, a second nitrogen inlet, and a third nitrogen inlet arranged from bottom to top along the nitrogen filling main pipe and extending into the nitrogen filling tank; An alkali treatment unit, located inside the nitrogen-filled tank, is used for rapid cooling and neutralization of the exhaust gas. The alkali treatment unit includes an alkali cylinder located at the bottom of the tank for receiving alkali, and a packing plate located above the alkali cylinder for receiving alkali. A dynamic demisting mechanism is installed on the top of the nitrogen tank, located between the packing plate and the exhaust gas outlet. The dynamic demisting mechanism includes a fixed demisting seat and a demisting cover rotatably installed thereon. The outer wall of the demisting cover is provided with a blade structure driven by nitrogen. The outlet of the third nitrogen inlet is arranged facing the blade structure so as to drive the demisting cover to rotate by nitrogen. The dynamic defogging mechanism also includes a base and a rotating shaft; The base is fixed inside the nitrogen tank, the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the center of the base via a bearing, and the demister cover is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating shaft; The base is provided with a guide groove, and a slider is slidably installed in the guide groove; A cam is fitted on the rotating shaft, and the slider can be intermittently pushed by the cam when the demister cover rotates. It also includes a lever, one end of which contacts the inclined surface of the slider, and the other end of which can produce an intermittent tapping action when the slider is pushed; An inner baffle is vertically installed on the inner wall of the demister. When the lever makes a striking motion, it can intermittently strike the inner baffle, causing the demister to vibrate.

2. The nitrogen-filling equipment for treating the exhaust gas during the thermal degelling of lithium battery black powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen filling pipeline structure is equipped with a main valve to control the overall nitrogen filling pressure; A flow divider valve is provided at the first nitrogen inlet to independently control the nitrogen charging pressure of the first nitrogen inlet.

3. The nitrogen-filling equipment for treating the exhaust gas during the thermal degelling of lithium battery black powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the alkali solution cylinder is provided with an exchange hole, and the top of the cylinder is provided with a gas outlet mechanism; the gas outlet mechanism includes a bubble tube fixed to the top of the alkali solution cylinder, and a lifting cover movably fitted on the bubble tube. The bubbling cylinder has layered holes on its wall, and a limiting spring is provided between the lifting cover and the alkali cylinder, so that the lifting cover can rise and fall under the action of air pressure, overcoming the elastic force of the limiting spring, thereby changing the number of exposed layered holes.

4. The nitrogen-filling equipment for treating the exhaust gas during the thermal degelling of lithium battery black powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the packing plate is fixedly connected to a drain pipe, which has an hourglass-shaped structure with a mixing groove annularly opened in its middle. The outer surface of the mixing tank is provided with a lower blade, and the outlet of the second nitrogen inlet is positioned facing the lower blade so as to drive the guide pipe and packing plate to rotate by nitrogen gas.

5. The nitrogen-filling equipment for tail gas treatment during thermal degelling of lithium battery black powder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top surface of the packing plate is provided with a vertical diverter plate in a ring shape.

6. The nitrogen-filling equipment for treating the exhaust gas during the thermal degelling of lithium battery black powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A recovery pipe is also installed at the bottom of the nitrogen filling tank.

7. The treatment method of the nitrogen-filling equipment for treating the exhaust gas during thermal degelling of lithium battery black powder according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: The pyrolysis tail gas is introduced into the nitrogen-filling tank from the tail gas inlet; Open the nitrogen filling pipeline to allow nitrogen gas to enter the tank through the first, second, and third nitrogen inlets, thus establishing a nitrogen protective atmosphere; During the upward process, the exhaust gas first mixes with nitrogen and passes through the alkaline solution in the alkaline solution cylinder for preliminary rapid cooling and neutralization. After the reaction, the gas escapes from the top of the alkaline solution cylinder. The gas then enters the packing plate area, where it comes into contact with the replenished alkali solution and nitrogen for deep purification; Finally, the gas reaches the dynamic demisting mechanism, where droplets are captured and separated by centrifugal force and vibration, and the purified gas is discharged from the exhaust outlet.

Images