High-temperature superalloy profile vacuum casting device and casting process thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a high-temperature superalloy profile vacuum casting device and a casting process thereof, and belongs to the high-temperature superalloy processing field. The device comprises a vacuum melting furnace and a multifunctional crystallizer. The vacuum melting furnace is connected with a vacuum machine for vacuumizing. The multifunctional crystallizer is connected with a cooling liquid circulating refrigerating machine for cooling and a power hydraulic cylinder for providing power. When the device is used, the position state of the multifunctional guide rod is changed, so that the material discharged through the forming channel can form a hollow metal pipe or a solid metal rod according to the processing requirement, thereby meeting the processing requirement of the type product. Meanwhile, the cooling liquid flow path is improved, a more reasonable cooling scheme can be provided when the metal rod is manufactured, and the multifunctional hydraulic clamp is arranged to support the solid metal rod during production and to clamp the hollow metal pipe during production to provide resistance, so that the finished product is more compact and has higher quality.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of high-temperature master alloy processing, in particular to a high-temperature master alloy profile vacuum casting device and a casting process thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Master alloy is a kind of intermediate alloy metal, which is not used as any workpiece, but is added to other metals as a base material to produce corresponding alloy materials by fusion with other metals.

[0003] However, the master alloy is usually made into a bar for convenient transportation and measurement in the production process. For some high-demand, high-furnace power post-melting environments, solid bars are usually selected to reduce space occupation. For some low-demand, low-furnace power, and fast-melting scenarios, hollow bars or plates are usually selected.

[0004] However, in the casting process of the existing high-temperature master alloy profile, the metal liquid is usually injected into the crystallizer after melting in the vacuum furnace, so that the metal liquid forms a metal bar through the crystallizer, and then the bar is pulled out by the bar drawing. However, in actual application, a single crystallizer can only produce one kind of solid or hollow bar, and the bar is usually continuously discharged during production. The discharge process is affected by bar drawing, pushing speed, and cooling crystallization effect, resulting in different degrees of defects in the produced bar. Severe defects can affect product sales. Therefore, a high-temperature master alloy profile vacuum casting device and a casting process thereof are provided to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a high-temperature master alloy profile vacuum casting device and a casting process thereof to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a high-temperature master alloy profile vacuum casting device includes a vacuum furnace and a multifunctional crystallizer, the vacuum furnace is connected with a vacuum machine for vacuumizing, the multifunctional crystallizer is connected with a cooling liquid circulating refrigerator for cooling and a power hydraulic cylinder for providing power.

[0007] The multifunctional crystallizer comprises a heat-insulating shell and a crystallizing chamber installed inside the heat-insulating shell, and a cooling flow channel is arranged between the heat-insulating shell and the crystallizing chamber for circulating flow of cooling liquid; an intermittent pushing member is movably arranged inside the crystallizing chamber, a forming channel is integrally formed at the bottom end of the crystallizing chamber, and a multifunctional guide rod is movably arranged inside the intermittent pushing member; the intermittent pushing member is used to push the material inside the crystallizing chamber downward into the forming channel, and the multifunctional guide rod can be selectively arranged inside or on top of the forming channel, so that the workpiece discharged through the forming channel is in a hollow or solid shape.

[0008] Preferably, a molten metal storage cavity is arranged at the inner top of the crystallizing chamber, the lower end of the molten metal storage cavity is naturally tapered to form a cooling and discharging part, the bottom end of the cooling and discharging part is vertically extended downward and then tapered at a small angle to form a separation part, the bottom end of the separation part is connected with the forming channel, and the intermittent pushing member vertically slides between the molten metal storage cavity and the separation part.

[0009] Preferably, the intermittent pushing member comprises a retaining tube and a gyro-type pushing head integrally formed at the bottom end of the retaining tube, and the retaining tube movably penetrates the top wall of the crystallizing chamber.

[0010] The top end of the gyro-type pushing head is in a circular truncated cone shape, so that the molten metal cannot stay on the surface of the gyro-type pushing head.

[0011] The middle section of the gyro-type pushing head has the same taper as the lower end of the molten metal storage cavity, so that a uniform-width slow-cooling gap is naturally formed between the middle section of the gyro-type pushing head and the lower end of the molten metal storage cavity, and the molten metal entering the slow-cooling gap has a rapid decrease in flowability and becomes molten.

[0012] The lower end of the gyro-type pushing head is integrally formed with a pushing part, the pushing part is in a columnar shape, the bottom end of the columnar pushing part is provided with an annular inclined cut, and the outer diameter of the columnar pushing part is the same as the inner diameter of the upper section of the separation part, so that the pushing part is inserted into the separation part to separate the separation part from the slow-cooling gap and push the molten metal in the separation part into the forming channel.

[0013] Preferably, the multifunctional guide rod comprises an outer guide sleeve movably penetrating the gyro-type pushing head and an inner guide rod movably inserted into the outer guide sleeve.

[0014] The outer diameter of the outer guide sleeve is the same as the inner diameter of the forming channel, so that when the outer guide sleeve and the inner guide rod move downward along the forming channel synchronously, the metal material in the forming channel is pushed out downward to form a non-continuous solid metal rod.

[0015] The bottom end of the outer sleeve is provided with a tapered shrinkage part, and the taper of the tapered shrinkage part is the same as that of the separation part, so that the outer sleeve is retained in the separation part, and the inner lead rod penetrates the forming channel, so that a continuous annular gap is formed between the separation part and the forming channel, so that the metal material entering the forming channel is discharged downward along the inner lead rod, thereby forming a continuous hollow metal pipe.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of first execution hydraulic cylinders are arranged in a ring shape on the top of the crystallization chamber along the outer wall of the holding tube, and a flange is fixedly installed at the top end of the holding tube, and the output ends of the plurality of first execution hydraulic cylinders are fixedly installed with the flange;

[0017] The outer sleeve penetrates the flange, and a cage-shaped support is fixedly arranged at the top of the crystallization chamber, a second execution hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed at the top of the cage-shaped support, and the output end of the second execution hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed with the inner lead rod;

[0018] The top end of the outer sleeve is fixedly provided with a support part on the outer wall, a fixed hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the support part, the output end of the fixed hydraulic cylinder penetrates the outer sleeve, and at least two groups of fixing holes adapted to the output end of the fixed hydraulic cylinder are formed on the outer wall of the inner lead rod, so that the outer sleeve is fixed at a predetermined height on the inner lead rod.

[0019] Preferably, a multifunctional hydraulic clamp is further arranged at the bottom of the forming channel, the multifunctional hydraulic clamp comprises a ring frame fixedly installed on the outer wall of the forming channel, a plurality of hinged seats are integrally formed on the outer wall of the ring frame, a clamping arm is rotatably arranged in the hinged seat, a third execution hydraulic cylinder is movably hinged between the top end of the clamping arm and the ring frame, and a functional part is movably hinged at the bottom of the clamping arm.

[0020] A plurality of functional parts are clamped to the outer wall of the hollow metal pipe or solid metal rod in a ring shape to avoid direct material falling;

[0021] A plurality of functional parts are abutted to the bottom of the forming channel, which is used for supporting the solid metal rod during extrusion discharge, so that the solid metal rod is more compact.

[0022] Preferably, a sealing cover is fixedly installed at the top of the heat insulation shell, a multi-way hydraulic valve is fixedly installed at the top of the sealing cover, a hydraulic main pipe is installed between the input end of the multi-way hydraulic valve and the power hydraulic cylinder, and hydraulic branch pipes are installed between the output end of the multi-way hydraulic valve and the first execution hydraulic cylinder, the second execution hydraulic cylinder, the fixed hydraulic cylinder and the third execution hydraulic cylinder, respectively.

[0023] An equal pressure pipe is installed at the top of the third execution hydraulic cylinder, and a plurality of equal pressure pipes are connected to a group of hydraulic branch pipes.

[0024] Preferably, the functional part comprises a clamping-top dual-purpose block, the back of the clamping-top dual-purpose block is integrally formed with a connecting lug for active connection with the clamping arm, the inner side of the clamping-top dual-purpose block is formed with a clamping part adapted to the outer wall of the hollow metal pipe and solid metal rod by grinding, and the two ends of the clamping part are formed with guide parts by chamfering grinding;

[0025] The two sides of the clamping part are formed with inclined planes by milling, so that when the plurality of clamping parts move to the middle part, the two adjacent groups of inclined planes abut against each other, so that the plurality of clamping parts collectively form a horizontal support surface;

[0026] A torsion spring is installed between the connecting lug and the clamping arm, so that the clamping-top dual-purpose block naturally tilts outward at the top end in a natural state, thereby facilitating the insertion of the hollow metal pipe and the solid metal rod between the plurality of clamping-top dual-purpose blocks.

[0027] Preferably, a partition plate is fixedly welded between the heat insulation shell and the crystallization chamber, the partition plate is in a spiral shape, so that a continuous spiral channel is formed inside the cooling flow channel;

[0028] The pitch of the partition plate located outside the forming channel is small and uniform, the pitch of the partition plate located at the upper part of the forming channel is continuously increased, the output end of the cooling liquid circulating refrigerator is installed with a cooling main pipe, the bottom end of the cooling main pipe is connected with the inner bottom of the cooling flow channel, a shunt valve is installed on the outer wall of the cooling main pipe, a cooling supplement pipe is installed between the shunt valve and the cooling flow channel outside the separation part, and the top end of the cooling flow channel is connected with the input end of the cooling liquid circulating refrigerator;

[0029] The inside of the inner guide rod is provided with a cooling chamber, and the two ends of the cooling chamber are respectively installed with heat preservation pipes, and the two groups of heat preservation pipes are respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the cooling liquid circulating refrigerator.

[0030] Preferably, a high-temperature mother alloy profile vacuum casting process comprises the following steps:

[0031] S1, the metal mother alloy material is put into a vacuum furnace, a vacuum environment is created by a vacuum machine, and then melting is performed to form a metal liquid, and the metal liquid is introduced into a multifunctional crystallizer;

[0032] S2, the cooling liquid circulating refrigerator is started, and the multifunctional crystallizer is cooled from bottom to top, so that the metal liquid is converted into a molten state, and finally crystallized into a metal rod;

[0033] S3, the position of the multifunctional guide rod is adjusted according to the shape of the processed metal rod, so that the inner guide rod is in the forming channel or the separation part;

[0034] S4, classified discharge;

[0035] S41, for solid metal rod, the gyro type push head pushes the material in the separation part downward into the forming channel, the outer guide sleeve and the inner guide rod are synchronously moved downward, the solid metal rod is pushed out, and a discontinuous discharge is formed;

[0036] S42, for hollow metal pipe processing, the inner guide rod is kept in the forming channel, the gyro type push head continuously presses the metal material in the separation part into the annular gap, so that a continuous hollow metal pipe is formed and discharged between the multiple clamp dual-purpose blocks.

[0037] The technical effects and advantages of the present application are as follows:

[0038] 1. The high-temperature superalloy profile vacuum casting device, by setting a multifunctional crystallizer, configuring a gyro type push head and a multifunctional guide rod inside, and improving the internal structure of the crystallization chamber, when in use, by changing the position state of the multifunctional guide rod, when the gyro type push head pushes the material downward, the material discharged through the forming channel can form a hollow metal pipe or a solid metal rod according to the processing requirement, thereby improving the applicability of the entire high-temperature superalloy forming casting and meeting the processing requirement of various types of products.

[0039] 2. The high-temperature superalloy profile vacuum casting device, by setting a partition plate between the heat insulation shell and the crystallization chamber, the partition plate is spiral-shaped, so that a continuous spiral channel is formed inside the cooling flow channel, the pitch of the partition plate outside the forming channel is small and uniform, the pitch of the partition plate at the upper part of the forming channel is continuously increased, the output end of the cooling liquid circulating refrigerator is provided with a cooling main pipe, the bottom end of the cooling main pipe is connected with the inner bottom of the cooling flow channel, a shunt valve is installed on the outer wall of the cooling main pipe, a cooling pipe is installed between the shunt valve and the cooling flow channel outside the separation part, when in use, the liquid metal enters the metal liquid storage cavity and is at the top end of the entire cooling flow channel, the flow channel is wider, the cooling liquid flow rate is relatively slow, the metal liquid is slowly cooled, the surface of the metal liquid is prevented from appearing a shell caused by sudden drop, thereby affecting the fluidity of the metal liquid and the temperature of the internal metal liquid is prevented from being transferred outward, the spiral channel outside the forming channel is dense and narrow, so that the cooling liquid flows quickly, provides efficient cooling, and for the separation part, by setting the cooling pipe, the cooling effect is adjusted according to the requirement, so that a more reasonable and safe cooling scheme is provided in the entire cooling and crystallization process.

[0040] 3、The high-temperature superalloy profile vacuum casting device, through the multifunctional hydraulic clamp arranged at the bottom end of the forming channel, when the solid metal rod is made, a plurality of clamping and top dual-purpose blocks are connected and matched on the bottom of the forming channel through the inclined plane to support the bottom of the solid metal rod, with the continuous stretching of the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder, the solid metal rod is extruded, the whole is more compact, at this time the outer layer of the metal rod is basically solidified and formed, while the internal structure is relatively soft, and the end of the inner guide rod is inserted into the solid metal rod, the soft part in the interior is extruded, so that the metal rod is more compact, and the shell solidified on the outer layer is not broken; when the hollow metal pipe is produced, a plurality of clamping and top dual-purpose blocks can clamp the pipe body to provide resistance, and the inner guide rod is used for cooling the inner wall of the hollow metal pipe, so that the hollow metal pipe is relatively compact when the material is discharged, the continuous material discharge is prevented from being not solidified and naturally broken, and the product quality is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is an overall front surface structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0042] Figure 2 It is an overall back surface structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a multifunctional crystallizer outer surface structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0044] Figure 4 It is a multifunctional crystallizer internal structure sectional view of the application;

[0045] Figure 5 It is a multifunctional guide rod structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0046] Figure 6 It is an intermittent pushing piece outer surface structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0047] Figure 7 It is a crystallization chamber internal processing hollow metal pipe state sectional view of the application;

[0048] Figure 8 It is a crystallization chamber internal sectional view of the application;

[0049] Figure 9 It is a crystallization chamber internal processing solid metal rod state sectional view of the application;

[0050] Figure 10 It is a multifunctional hydraulic clamp clamping hollow metal pipe schematic diagram of the application;

[0051] Figure 11 It is a multifunctional hydraulic clamp supporting solid metal rod state schematic diagram of the application;

[0052] Figure 12 Figure is a schematic diagram of the surface structure of the functional part of the present application;

[0053] Figure 13 Figure is a sectional view of the internal structure of the hollow metal pipe and solid metal rod of the present application.

[0054] In the figure: 1, vacuum melting furnace; 2, multifunctional crystallizer; 21, heat insulation shell; 212, partition; 213, sealing cover; 22, crystallization chamber; 222, metal liquid storage cavity; 223, cooling discharging part; 224, separating part; 225, forming channel; 23, intermittent pushing part; 231, holding tube; 232, gyroscope type pushing head; 233, flange; 234, first execution hydraulic cylinder; 24, multifunctional rod guide; 241, outer guide sleeve; 242, inner guide rod; 243, cage support; 244, second execution hydraulic cylinder; 245, supporting part; 246, fixed hydraulic cylinder; 247, heat preservation tube; 25, multifunctional hydraulic clamp; 251, ring frame; 252, hinged seat; 253, clamping arm; 254, functional part; 2541, clamping and top dual-purpose block; 2542, clamping part; 2543, guide part; 2544, inclined plane; 2545, connecting lug; 2546, torsional spring; 255, third execution hydraulic cylinder; 256, isobaric tube; 3, vacuum machine; 4, cooling liquid circulating refrigerator; 42, cooling main pipe; 43, shunt valve; 44, cold supplement pipe; 5, power hydraulic cylinder; 52, multi-way hydraulic valve; 53, hydraulic main pipe; 54, hydraulic branch pipe; A1, hollow metal pipe; B1, solid metal rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0056] Embodiment one, the present application provides a high-temperature mother alloy profile vacuum casting device as shown in the figure, which comprises a vacuum melting furnace 1 and a multifunctional crystallizer 2, the vacuum melting furnace 1 is connected with a vacuum machine 3 for vacuumizing, the multifunctional crystallizer 2 is connected with a cooling liquid circulating refrigerator 4 for cooling and a power hydraulic cylinder 5 for providing power. Figure 1 Figure 13 Embodiment one, the present application provides a high-temperature mother alloy profile vacuum casting device as shown in the figure, which comprises a vacuum melting furnace 1 and a multifunctional crystallizer 2, the vacuum melting furnace 1 is connected with a vacuum machine 3 for vacuumizing, the multifunctional crystallizer 2 is connected with a cooling liquid circulating refrigerator 4 for cooling and a power hydraulic cylinder 5 for providing power.

[0057] ​The multifunctional crystallizer 2 comprises a heat insulation shell 21 and a crystallization chamber 22 installed inside the heat insulation shell 21, and a cooling flow channel for circulating cooling liquid is arranged between the heat insulation shell 21 and the crystallization chamber 22; an intermittent pushing piece 23 is movably arranged inside the crystallization chamber 22, the bottom end of the crystallization chamber 22 is integrally formed with a forming channel 225, and a multifunctional guide rod 24 is movably arranged inside the intermittent pushing piece 23; the intermittent pushing piece 23 is used for pushing the material in the crystallization chamber 22 downward into the forming channel 225, and the multifunctional guide rod 24 can be selectively arranged inside or on the top of the forming channel 225, so that the workpiece discharged through the forming channel 225 is in a hollow or solid shape.

[0058] A metal liquid storage cavity 222 is arranged on the inner top of the crystallization chamber 22, the lower end of the metal liquid storage cavity 222 is naturally tapered to form a cooling discharging part 223, the bottom end of the cooling discharging part 223 extends vertically downward and then is tapered at a small angle, thereby forming a separation part 224, the bottom end of the separation part 224 is connected with the forming channel 225, and the intermittent pushing piece 23 vertically slides between the metal liquid storage cavity 222 and the separation part 224.

[0059] The intermittent pushing piece 23 comprises a retaining tube 231 and a gyroscope type pushing head 232 integrally formed at the bottom end of the retaining tube 231, and the retaining tube 231 movably penetrates the top wall of the crystallization chamber 22;

[0060] The top end of the gyroscope type pushing head 232 is in a circular truncated cone shape, so that the metal liquid cannot stay on the surface thereof;

[0061] The middle segment of the gyroscope type pushing head 232 has the same taper as the lower end of the metal liquid storage cavity 222, so that a uniform-width slow cooling gap is naturally formed between the two, and the metal liquid entering the slow cooling gap rapidly decreases in flowability and becomes molten;

[0062] The lower end of the gyroscope type pushing head 232 is integrally formed with a pushing part, the pushing part is in a columnar shape, the bottom end of the columnar pushing part is provided with an annular bevel, the outer diameter of the columnar pushing part is the same as the inner diameter of the upper segment of the separation part 224, so that when the pushing part is inserted into the separation part 224, the separation part 224 is separated from the slow cooling gap, and the molten metal material in the separation part 224 is pushed into the forming channel 225.

[0063] The multifunctional guide rod 24 comprises an outer guide sleeve 241 movably penetrating the gyroscope type pushing head 232 and an inner guide rod 242 movably inserted into the outer guide sleeve 241;

[0064] The outer diameter of the outer guide sleeve 241 is the same as the inner diameter of the forming channel 225, so that when the outer guide sleeve 241 and the inner guide rod 242 move downward along the forming channel 225 synchronously, the metal material entering the forming channel 225 is pushed downward, thereby forming a non-continuous solid metal rod B1;

[0065] The bottom end of the outer sleeve 241 is provided with a tapered shrinkage part, and the taper of the tapered shrinkage part is the same as that of the separation part 224, so that the outer sleeve 241 is retained in the separation part 224, and the inner lead rod 242 penetrates the forming channel 225, so that a continuous annular gap is formed between the separation part 224 and the forming channel 225, so that the metal material entering the forming channel 225 is discharged downward along the inner lead rod 242, thereby forming a continuous hollow metal pipe A1.

[0066] A plurality of first execution hydraulic cylinders 234 are arranged in a ring shape along the outer wall of the holding tube 231 at the top of the crystallization chamber 22, and a flange 233 is fixedly installed at the top end of the holding tube 231, and the output ends of the plurality of first execution hydraulic cylinders 234 are fixedly installed with the flange 233;

[0067] The outer sleeve 241 penetrates the flange 233, and a cage-shaped support 243 is fixedly arranged at the top of the crystallization chamber 22, and a second execution hydraulic cylinder 244 is fixedly installed at the top of the cage-shaped support 243, and the output end of the second execution hydraulic cylinder 244 is fixedly installed with the inner lead rod 242;

[0068] The top end of the outer sleeve 241 is fixedly provided with a support part 245, and a fixed hydraulic cylinder 246 is fixedly arranged on the support part 245, and the output end of the fixed hydraulic cylinder 246 penetrates the outer sleeve 241, and at least two groups of fixing holes adapted to the output end of the fixed hydraulic cylinder 246 are formed on the outer wall of the inner lead rod 242, so that the outer sleeve 241 is fixed to the inner lead rod 242 at a predetermined height.

[0069] The bottom of the forming channel 225 is also arranged with a multifunctional hydraulic clamp 25, which comprises a ring frame 251 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the forming channel 225, and a plurality of hinged seats 252 are integrally formed on the outer wall of the ring frame 251, and a clamping arm 253 is rotatably arranged in the hinged seat 252, and a third execution hydraulic cylinder 255 is movably hinged between the top end of the clamping arm 253 and the ring frame 251, and a functional part 254 is movably hinged to the bottom of the clamping arm 253;

[0070] The plurality of functional parts 254 are clamped to the outer wall of the hollow metal pipe A1 or the solid metal rod B1 in a ring shape, so as to avoid direct dropping of the material;

[0071] The plurality of functional parts 254 abut against the bottom of the forming channel 225, and are used for supporting and pressing the solid metal rod B1 when the solid metal rod B1 is extruded and discharged, so as to make the solid metal rod B1 more compact.

[0072] The top of the heat insulation shell 21 is fixedly installed with a sealing cover 213, the top of the sealing cover 213 is fixedly installed with a multi-way hydraulic valve 52, the input end of the multi-way hydraulic valve 52 is installed with a hydraulic main pipe 53 between the power hydraulic cylinder 5, the output end of the multi-way hydraulic valve 52 is respectively installed with a hydraulic branch pipe 54 between the first execution hydraulic cylinder 234, the second execution hydraulic cylinder 244, the fixed hydraulic cylinder 246 and the third execution hydraulic cylinder 255;

[0073] The top of the third execution hydraulic cylinder 255 is installed with an equal pressure pipe 256, a plurality of equal pressure pipes 256 are connected to a group of hydraulic branch pipes 54.

[0074] The function part 254 includes a clamping and top dual-purpose block 2541, the back of the clamping and top dual-purpose block 2541 is integrally formed with a connecting lug 2545 for being movably hinged with the clamping arm 253, the inner side of the clamping and top dual-purpose block 2541 is formed with a clamping part 2542 adapted to the outer wall of the hollow metal pipe A1 and the solid metal rod B1 by grinding, the two ends of the clamping part 2542 are formed with guide parts 2543 by chamfer grinding;

[0075] The two sides of the clamping part 2542 are formed with inclined planes 2544 by milling, so that when a plurality of clamping parts 2542 move to the middle part, the adjacent two groups of inclined planes 2544 abut against each other, so that a plurality of clamping parts 2542 jointly form a horizontal supporting surface;

[0076] A torsion spring 2546 is installed between the connecting lug 2545 and the clamping arm 253, so that the clamping and top dual-purpose block 2541 is naturally inclined outward at the top end in the natural state, so as to facilitate the hollow metal pipe A1 and the solid metal rod B1 to be inserted between a plurality of clamping and top dual-purpose blocks 2541.

[0077] The heat insulation shell 21 and the crystallization chamber 22 are fixedly welded with a partition plate 212, the partition plate 212 is in a spiral shape, so that a continuous spiral channel is formed inside the cooling flow channel;

[0078] The pitch of the partition plate 212 outside the forming channel 225 is small and uniform, the pitch of the partition plate 212 at the upper part of the forming channel 225 is continuously increased, the output end of the cooling liquid circulating refrigerator 4 is installed with a cooling main pipe 42, the bottom end of the cooling main pipe 42 is connected with the inner bottom of the cooling flow channel, the outer wall of the cooling main pipe 42 is installed with a flow divider valve 43, the flow divider valve 43 is installed with a cooling supplement pipe 44 between the cooling flow channel outside the separation part 224, the top end of the cooling flow channel is connected with the input end of the cooling liquid circulating refrigerator 4;

[0079] The inside of the inner guide rod 242 is provided with a cooling chamber, the two ends of the cooling chamber are respectively installed with heat preservation pipes 247, the two groups of heat preservation pipes 247 are respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the cooling liquid circulating refrigerator 4.

[0080] Working principle; when the device is in use, first put the metal master alloy into the vacuum furnace 1, through the vacuum machine 3 to create a vacuum environment, then melt to form metal liquid, then the metal liquid is introduced into the multifunctional crystallizer 2, at this time start the cooling liquid circulating refrigerator 4, the low-temperature cooling liquid enters the cooling flow channel through the cooling main pipe 42 into the bottom, flows upward along the spiral channel, and finally returns to the cooling liquid circulating refrigerator 4 for circulating refrigeration, and the multifunctional crystallizer 2 is cooled from bottom to top;

[0081] At this time, the liquid metal material first enters the metal liquid storage cavity 222 of the crystallization chamber 22, which is at the top end of the entire cooling flow channel, and the cooling liquid temperature for heat exchange is higher and moderate, and the flow channel is wider, and the cooling liquid flow rate is relatively slow, so that the metal liquid is slowly cooled, avoiding sudden drop to cause the appearance of shell on the surface of the metal liquid, thereby affecting the flowability of the metal liquid and the temperature transmission of the internal metal liquid to the outside;

[0082] Then the metal liquid enters the cooling discharging part 223, at this time the temperature is further reduced, the metal is in a molten state, and the whole presents a "sandwich" shape, at this time the first executing hydraulic cylinder 234 is retracted, so that the gyro type push head 232 is pulled out from the separation part 224, at this time the molten metal flows into the separation part 224,

[0083] It should be noted that before smelting the metal, the equipment needs to be adjusted according to the type of metal rod to be processed, at this time the support part 245 is attached to the top of the flange 233 under the action of gravity, the bottom end of the outer guide sleeve 241 is inside the forming channel 225, and the output end of the fixed hydraulic cylinder 246 is in a retracted state, if you want to prepare a solid metal rod B1, extend the second executing hydraulic cylinder 244, drive the inner guide rod 242 to extend downward by one stage, so that the bottom end of the inner guide rod 242 is slightly protruding from the bottom end of the outer guide sleeve 241, then start the fixed hydraulic cylinder 246, insert the output end into the low position fixing hole on the inner guide rod 242, at this time the second executing hydraulic cylinder 244 is retracted, driving the inner guide rod 242 and the outer guide sleeve 241 to retract upward synchronously to the inner bottom of the separation part 224, at this time it presents Figure 8 The state, at this time the gyro type push head 232 moves down to the level of the bottom end of the outer guide sleeve 241, the first executing hydraulic cylinder 234 and the second executing hydraulic cylinder 244 move down synchronously, extruding the molten metal in the separation part 224 into the forming channel 225, at this time the metal gradually cools and crystallizes, and in this process, if the crystallization state does not reach the ideal effect, the low-temperature cooling liquid can be introduced into the cooling pipe 44 through the shunt valve 43, so that the separation part 224 can further accelerate the cooling and crystallization, then the first executing hydraulic cylinder 234 stops, and the second executing hydraulic cylinder 244 continues to push the inner guide rod 242 and the outer guide sleeve 241 to move downward synchronously, at this time the metal in the forming channel 225 is ready to be discharged;

[0084] At this time, the third execution hydraulic cylinder 255 is started to extend its output end, pushing the multiple clamping and top dual-purpose blocks 2541 to move to the middle. At this time, the multiple clamping and top dual-purpose blocks 2541 are fitted and attached to the bottom of the forming channel 225 through the inclined plane 2544 to support the bottom of the solid metal rod B1. As the output end of the second execution hydraulic cylinder 244 continues to extend, the solid metal rod B1 is extruded to make it more compact as a whole. At this time, the outer layer of the metal rod is basically solidified and formed, while the internal structure is relatively soft. At the same time, the end of the inner lead rod 242 is inserted into the solid metal rod B1 to extrude the soft part inside, so that the metal rod is more compact, and the outer solidified shell will not be broken. When extruded to a certain extent, it is temporarily pressure-maintained and continuously cooled, and then the output end of the third execution hydraulic cylinder 255 is retracted, the output end of the second execution hydraulic cylinder 244 is extended, the solid metal rod B1 is ejected from the forming channel 225, and a group of solid metal rods B1 production and processing is completed. Then the second execution hydraulic cylinder 244 is reset, waiting for the first execution hydraulic cylinder 234 to retract for cooling, and the material in the cooling and discharging part 223 falls into the separation part 224 again for the second round of solid metal rod B1 casting;

[0085] At the same time, if you want to prepare a hollow metal pipe A1, at this time the second execution hydraulic cylinder 244 is extended to make the inner lead rod 242 extend downward in two stages. The fixed hydraulic cylinder 246 is started to make its output end inserted into the high-position fixed hole on the inner lead rod 242. Then the second execution hydraulic cylinder 244 is retracted, driving the bottom end of the outer lead sleeve 241 to shrink upward to the inner bottom of the separation part 224, while the lower end of the inner lead rod 242 is in the forming channel 225;

[0086] At this time, in addition to the cooling liquid circulating around the outside of the crystallization chamber 22 through the cooling main pipe 42 to reduce the temperature, part of the low-temperature cooling liquid is circulated through the inner lead rod 242 through the heat preservation pipe 247. This makes the outer lead sleeve 241 and the inner lead rod 242 maintain Figure 7The state remains stationary, while the gyroscope-type pusher head 232 repeatedly moves up and down. When the gyroscope-type pusher head 232 moves upward, the molten material in the cooling feeding section 223 flows into the separation section 224. When the gyroscope-type pusher head 232 moves downward, it pushes the molten metal in the separation section 224 into the forming channel 225, and continuously feeds material in the annular gap between the separation section 224 and the forming channel 225. Each time the gyroscope-type pusher head 232 pushes material, the material does not completely enter the forming channel 225, and part of it remains at the bottom of the separation section 224. When pushing material again, the molten material and the molten material at the bottom of the separation section 224 stick together, thereby forming a continuous hollow metal tube A1 for discharge. And in this process, by starting the first The third hydraulic cylinder 255 causes multiple sets of clamping and top-mounting blocks 2541 to move closer to the center. At this time, the top of the clamping and top-mounting blocks 2541 tilts outward under the action of the torsion spring 2546, so that the hollow metal tube A1 can be naturally inserted between the multiple sets of clamping and top-mounting blocks 2541. Then, the output end of the third hydraulic cylinder 255 extends slightly, so that the clamping and top-mounting blocks 2541 remain close to the surface of the hollow metal tube A1, so that the bottom of the hollow metal tube A1 has a certain resistance when it is fed. At the same time, the inner guide rod 242 is used to cool the inner wall of the hollow metal tube A1, so that the hollow metal tube A1 remains relatively compact when it is fed, avoiding the occurrence of unsolidified and spontaneous breakage during continuous feeding.

[0087] Example 2: This embodiment of the invention provides, as follows Figure 1 - Figure 13 The vacuum casting process for a high-temperature master alloy profile, as shown, includes the following steps:

[0088] S1. The metal master alloy material is put into the vacuum furnace 1, a vacuum environment is created by the vacuum machine 3, and then it is melted to form a molten metal. The molten metal is introduced into the multi-functional crystallizer 2.

[0089] S2. The coolant circulation chiller 4 starts to cool the multi-functional crystallizer 2 from bottom to top, so that the molten metal is transformed into a molten state and finally crystallized to form a metal rod.

[0090] S3. The position of the multi-functional guide rod 24 is adjusted according to the shape of the metal rod being processed, so that the inner guide rod 242 is in the forming channel 225 or the separation part 224.

[0091] S4. Sorted material discharge;

[0092] S41. For solid metal rod B1, the gyro-type pusher 232 pushes the material in the separation section 224 downward into the forming channel 225. The outer sleeve 241 and the inner rod 242 move downward synchronously to push out the solid metal rod B1, forming a discontinuous discharge.

[0093] S42, for the hollow metal tube A1 processing, the inner guide rod 242 is kept in the forming channel 225, and the gyro type push head 232 continuously presses the metal material in the separation part 224 into the annular gap, so as to form a continuous hollow metal tube A1 which is discharged from between the multiple clamp dual-purpose blocks 2541.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that: the above only for the preferred embodiments of the present application, and not for the purpose of limiting the present application, although in the foregoing embodiments of the present application are described in detail, for those skilled in the art, it still can be modified, or part of the technical features of the equivalent replacement, for the foregoing embodiments of the technical solutions are recorded, within the spirit and principles of the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., should be included within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high temperature superalloy profile vacuum casting apparatus comprising a vacuum melting furnace (1) and a multifunctional crystallizer (2), characterized in that, The vacuum melting furnace (1) is connected with a vacuum machine (3) for vacuumizing, and the multifunctional crystallizer (2) is connected with a cooling liquid circulating refrigerating machine (4) for cooling and a power hydraulic cylinder (5) for providing power; The multifunctional crystallizer (2) comprises a heat insulation shell (21) and a crystallization chamber (22) installed inside the heat insulation shell (21), and a cooling flow channel for circulating cooling liquid is arranged between the heat insulation shell (21) and the crystallization chamber (22); an intermittent pushing piece (23) is movably arranged inside the crystallization chamber (22), a forming channel (225) is integrally formed at the bottom end of the crystallization chamber (22), a multifunctional guide rod (24) is movably arranged inside the intermittent pushing piece (23), the intermittent pushing piece (23) is used for pushing the material inside the crystallization chamber (22) downward into the forming channel (225), and the multifunctional guide rod (24) can be selectively arranged inside or on top of the forming channel (225), so that the workpiece discharged through the forming channel (225) is in a hollow or solid state; The multifunctional guide rod (24) comprises an outer guide sleeve (241) movably penetrating a gyro type pushing head (232) and an inner guide rod (242) movably inserted into the outer guide sleeve (241); The outer diameter of the outer guide sleeve (241) is the same as the inner diameter of the forming channel (225), so that when the outer guide sleeve (241) and the inner guide rod (242) move downward along the forming channel (225) synchronously, the metal material entering the forming channel (225) is pushed downward, thereby forming a non-continuous solid metal rod (B1); The bottom end of the outer guide sleeve (241) is provided with a tapered shrinkage part, and the taper of the tapered shrinkage part is the same as that of the separation part (224), so that the outer guide sleeve (241) is retained in the separation part (224), and the inner guide rod (242) penetrates the forming channel (225), so that a continuous annular gap is formed between the separation part (224) and the forming channel (225), thereby enabling the metal material entering the forming channel (225) to be discharged downward along the inner guide rod (242), thereby forming a continuous hollow metal pipe (A1); A metal liquid storage cavity (222) is arranged at the inner top of the crystallization chamber (22), the lower end of the metal liquid storage cavity (222) is naturally tapered at a large angle to form a cooling discharging part (223); the bottom end of the cooling discharging part (223) extends vertically downward and then shrinks at a small angle, thereby forming a separation part (224); the bottom end of the separation part (224) is connected with the forming channel (225), and the intermittent pushing piece (23) vertically slides between the metal liquid storage cavity (222) and the separation part (224); The intermittent pushing piece (23) comprises a retaining tube (231) and a gyro type pushing head (232) integrally formed at the bottom end of the retaining tube (231), and the retaining tube (231) movably penetrates the top wall of the crystallization chamber (22). The top end of the gyro type push head (232) is frustoconical, so that the molten metal cannot stay on its surface; The middle section of the gyro type push head (232) is tapered, and the lower end of the metal liquid storage cavity (222) is tapered, so that a uniform width slow cooling gap is naturally formed between them, so that the flowability of the metal liquid entering the narrow slow cooling gap quickly decreases to a molten state; The lower end of the gyro type push head (232) is integrally formed with a pushing part, which is columnar, and the bottom end of the columnar pushing part is provided with an annular bevel, and the outer diameter of the columnar pushing part is the same as the inner diameter of the upper section of the separation part (224), so that the pushing part is inserted into the separation part (224), which separates the separation part (224) from the slow cooling gap, and at the same time, the molten metal in the separation part (224) is pushed into the forming channel (225).

2. A high temperature superalloy shape vacuum casting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of first execution hydraulic cylinders (234) are arranged in a ring shape on the top of the crystallization chamber (22) along the outer wall of the holding pipe (231), and a flange (233) is fixedly installed at the top end of the holding pipe (231), and the output ends of the plurality of first execution hydraulic cylinders (234) are fixedly installed with the flange (233); The outer guide sleeve (241) penetrates the flange (233), and a cage-shaped support (243) is fixedly arranged at the top of the crystallization chamber (22), and a second execution hydraulic cylinder (244) is fixedly installed at the top of the cage-shaped support (243), and the output end of the second execution hydraulic cylinder (244) is fixedly installed with the inner guide rod (242); The top end outer wall of the outer guide sleeve (241) is fixedly provided with a supporting part (245), and a fixed hydraulic cylinder (246) is fixedly arranged on the supporting part (245), and the output end of the fixed hydraulic cylinder (246) penetrates the outer guide sleeve (241), and at least two groups of fixing holes matched with the output end of the fixed hydraulic cylinder (246) are opened on the outer wall of the inner guide rod (242), so that the outer guide sleeve (241) is fixed on the inner guide rod (242) at a predetermined height.

3. A high temperature superalloy section vacuum casting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The bottom of the forming channel (225) is also provided with a multifunctional hydraulic clamp (25), which comprises a ring frame (251) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the forming channel (225), and a plurality of hinged seats (252) are integrally formed on the outer wall of the ring frame (251), and a clamping arm (253) is rotatably arranged in the hinged seat (252), and a third execution hydraulic cylinder (255) is movably hinged between the top end of the clamping arm (253) and the ring frame (251), and a functional part (254) is movably hinged at the bottom of the clamping arm (253); A plurality of the functional parts (254) are annularly clamped to the outer wall of the hollow metal pipe (A1) or solid metal rod (B1) to avoid direct dropping of the material; A plurality of the functional parts (254) are abutted on the bottom of the forming channel (225), which is used for supporting the solid metal rod (B1) when it is extruded and discharged, so that the solid metal rod (B1) is more compact.

4. A high temperature superalloy section vacuum casting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein The top of the heat insulation shell (21) is fixedly installed with a sealing cover (213), the top of the sealing cover (213) is fixedly installed with a multi-way hydraulic valve (52), a hydraulic main pipe (53) is installed between the input end of the multi-way hydraulic valve (52) and the power hydraulic cylinder (5), and the output end of the multi-way hydraulic valve (52) is respectively installed with a hydraulic branch pipe (54) between a first execution hydraulic cylinder (234), a second execution hydraulic cylinder (244), a fixed hydraulic cylinder (246) and a third execution hydraulic cylinder (255). The top of the third execution hydraulic cylinder (255) is installed with an equal pressure pipe (256), and a plurality of equal pressure pipes (256) are connected to a group of hydraulic branch pipes (54).

5. A high temperature superalloy section vacuum casting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein The functional part (254) comprises a clamping and top dual-purpose block (2541), the back of the clamping and top dual-purpose block (2541) is integrally formed with a connecting lug (2545) for movably hinged connection with the clamping arm (253), and the inner side of the clamping and top dual-purpose block (2541) is formed with a clamping part (2542) adapted to the outer wall of the hollow metal pipe (A1) and the solid metal rod (B1) by grinding. The two sides of the clamping part (2542) are formed with inclined planes (2544) by milling, so that when a plurality of clamping parts (2542) move to the middle, the two adjacent groups of inclined planes (2544) abut against each other, so that a plurality of clamping parts (2542) jointly form a horizontal supporting surface. A torsional spring (2546) is installed between the connecting lug (2545) and the clamping arm (253), so that the clamping and top dual-purpose block (2541) naturally tilts outward at the top in a natural state, thereby facilitating the insertion of the hollow metal pipe (A1) and the solid metal rod (B1) between a plurality of clamping and top dual-purpose blocks (2541).

6. A high temperature superalloy section vacuum casting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein The heat insulation shell (21) and the crystallization chamber (22) are fixedly welded with a partition plate (212), the partition plate (212) is spiral-shaped, so that a continuous spiral channel is formed inside the cooling flow channel; The pitch of the partition plate (212) outside the forming channel (225) is small and uniform, the pitch of the partition plate (212) at the upper part of the forming channel (225) is continuously increased, the output end of the cooling liquid circulating refrigerator (4) is installed with a cooling main pipe (42), the bottom end of the cooling main pipe (42) is connected with the inner bottom of the cooling flow channel, the outer wall of the cooling main pipe (42) is installed with a flow dividing valve (43), the flow dividing valve (43) and the cooling flow channel outside the separation part (224) are installed with a cold supplement pipe (44), and the top end of the cooling flow channel is connected with the input end of the cooling liquid circulating refrigerator (4); The inside of the inner lead rod (242) is provided with a cooling chamber, and the two ends of the cooling chamber are respectively installed with a heat preservation pipe (247), and two groups of heat preservation pipes (247) are respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the cooling liquid circulating refrigerator (4).

7. A high temperature superalloy profile vacuum casting process based on the high temperature superalloy profile vacuum casting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The steps include: S1, metal master alloy into the vacuum furnace (1), through the vacuum machine (3) to create a vacuum environment, and then melt into a liquid metal, the metal liquid into a multifunctional crystallizer (2); S2, cooling liquid circulating refrigerator (4) start, the multifunctional crystallizer (2) from bottom to top cooling, to achieve the conversion of the metal liquid into a molten state, and finally crystallize into metal bar; S3, multifunctional rod (24) according to the processed metal bar shape adjustment position, so that the inner rod (242) in the forming channel (225) or separation (224) in the part; S4, classification discharge; S41, for solid metal rod (B1), gyro type push head (232) will separate the part (224) of the material into the forming channel (225), the outer sleeve (241) and the inner rod (242) are synchronized downward, the solid metal rod (B1) is pushed out, forming a non continuous discharge; S42, for hollow metal tube (A1) processing, the inner rod (242) remains in the forming channel (225), the gyro type push head (232) will continuously press the metal material in the separation part (224) into the annular gap, thereby forming a continuous hollow metal tube (A1) from the multiple clamp dual purpose block (2541) between the discharge.

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