Earth pressure balance upward shaft tunneling machine and construction method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of shaft construction, and discloses a soil pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine and a construction method. The soil pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine comprises a main machine and a soil bin, and the main machine comprises a shield body and a cutter head; a pressurizing mechanism is arranged on the back of the cutter head and located in the soil bin; and a residue discharging pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the soil bin and connected to the pressurizing mechanism to extrude the residue soil from the soil bin. The pressurizing mechanism increases the pressure of the soil bin, avoids pressure drop, forms a pressure barrier, and offsets the instantaneous impact of gushing water; the residue soil is continuously transported from the soil bin to the residue discharging pipe, a stable residue discharging flow is formed, and spouting caused by pressure drop or poor flow plasticity is avoided. The residue soil is pressurized and transported in the soil bin, which is similar to a pumping mechanism, the residue discharging liquidity is enhanced compared to pipe blockage caused by the non-pressure state of a pipe clamp valve; and the pressurizing mechanism is arranged in the soil bin and does not affect the residue soil transporting capacity of the equipment, so that the residue discharging reliability is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shaft construction, in particular to a soil pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine and a construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In order to balance the soil layer pressure of the tunnel face during tunneling and take into account the passing capacity of large-diameter block slag and stone, the upward shaft tunneling machine generally uses a pipe clamp valve to control the slag discharge. However, the pipe clamp valve is prone to cause the phenomenon of slag blockage and slow discharge in the shallow overburden soil layer containing large-diameter obstacles, which not only cannot balance the pressure of the tunnel face, but also easily causes ground uplift. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides a soil pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine and a construction method to solve the problem that the pipe clamp valve is prone to cause the phenomenon of slag blockage and slow discharge in the shallow overburden soil layer containing large-diameter obstacles.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a soil pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine, comprising a main machine and a soil bin, wherein the main machine comprises:

[0005] a shield body forming a rigid closed space to provide protection and bearing;

[0006] a cutter head for cutting and controlling the balance of the tunnel face;

[0007] a pressurizing mechanism arranged on the back of the cutter head and located in the soil bin;

[0008] a slag discharge pipe arranged at the bottom end of the soil bin and receiving the slag soil extruded from the soil bin by the pressurizing mechanism.

[0009] Advantages: The soil pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine is provided with a pressurizing mechanism in the soil bin, which can increase the soil bin pressure and avoid sudden drop of the soil bin pressure. The pressurizing mechanism extrudes the slag soil out of the soil bin through the slag discharge pipe arranged at the bottom end of the soil bin. The pressurizing mechanism pressurizes the soil bin, so that the soil bin pressure is always slightly higher than the ground pressure, forming a pressure barrier. This active pressurizing method can quickly offset the instantaneous impact of gushing water and avoid gushing caused by sudden pressure drop. The pressurizing mechanism continuously transports the slag soil from the soil bin to the slag discharge pipe, forming a stable slag discharge flow. Compared with the pipe clamp valve method, the slag soil is pressurized and transported in the soil bin, which is similar to a pumping mechanism. Compared with the pipe blockage caused by the non-pressure state of the pipe clamp valve, the flowability of the slag discharge is enhanced. Moreover, the pressurizing mechanism is arranged inside the soil bin, which does not affect the transportation capacity of the equipment for large-diameter slag soil, ensuring the reliability of the slag discharge.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the pressurizing mechanism comprises:

[0011] a central shaft arranged on the cutter head;

[0012] Helical blades are disposed around the central shaft.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The rotating helical blades continuously transport the slag from the soil bin to the slag discharge pipe, forming a stable slag discharge flow. By adjusting the rotational speed of the helical blades, pressure fluctuations caused by the mutual interference between gas and slag flow, as seen in traditional equipment, can be avoided. When injecting foaming agents to improve the slag, the shearing action of the helical blades can refine the foam particle size, significantly reducing the risk of sudden pressure drops caused by foam rupture.

[0014] In one alternative embodiment, the radial dimension of the helical blade gradually decreases from near the cutter head to away from the cutter head.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The spiral blades adopt a tapered structure with coarser front and finer rear. In hard rock sections, the large-diameter blades crush the rock, while in soft soil sections, the small-diameter blades efficiently transport the material.

[0016] In one alternative implementation, the earthwork silo includes:

[0017] The cylindrical section is located near the cutter head;

[0018] The tapered section is connected to the cylindrical section.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The cylindrical section provides a larger space for crushing slag, while the conical section creates a tendency for slag collection and pressurization at the bottom of the soil chamber, improving slag discharge efficiency. A pressurization mechanism is installed inside the soil chamber, forming a gradually changing diameter structure along the conical chamber, which compresses the cut slag, improving plasticity and water tightness.

[0020] In one alternative embodiment, the conical section is provided with earth pressure monitoring holes.

[0021] Beneficial effects: By monitoring the pressure in the earthen chamber in real time, the switch and pressure of the pressurizing mechanism can be adjusted in a timely manner according to the changes in the pressure in the earthen chamber, so that the pressure in the earthen chamber is always kept within a suitable range, thereby improving the reliability of slag discharge.

[0022] In one optional embodiment, the slag discharge pipe is a flexible pipe, and at least two pipe diameter adjustment mechanisms are evenly distributed around the periphery of the slag discharge pipe.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The use of flexible pipes facilitates the adjustment of the slag discharge pipe channel size by cooperating with the pipe diameter adjustment mechanism, making it highly adaptable; the slag discharge path often needs to be adjusted with the tunneling direction, and the use of flexible pipes allows for flexible turning, avoiding the failure of interface seals caused by angular deviations in rigid pipes; the flexible pipes have a certain degree of elasticity, which can absorb vibration energy and prevent vibration from being transmitted to other components through the pipeline.

[0024] In one optional embodiment, the pipe diameter adjustment mechanism includes:

[0025] A support frame is installed on the shield body;

[0026] The drive mechanism provides the driving force for pipe diameter adjustment;

[0027] A transmission mechanism is mounted on the support frame and is connected to the drive mechanism in a transmission manner.

[0028] The abutment part is provided at the output end of the transmission mechanism and can be retractably abutted against the slag discharge pipe through the transmission mechanism.

[0029] Beneficial effects: The drive mechanism drives the transmission mechanism, which in turn causes the contact part to extend and retract to contact the outer periphery of the slag discharge pipe, making it easy to adjust the size of the slag discharge channel of the slag discharge pipe.

[0030] In one optional embodiment, the transmission mechanism includes:

[0031] The first gear is connected to the drive mechanism;

[0032] The turntable bearing has external teeth that mesh with the first gear; the first gear and the turntable bearing are arranged vertically along the axial direction of the slag discharge pipe.

[0033] A threaded sleeve is fitted and fixed to the turntable bearing;

[0034] A screw is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve; the abutment portion is disposed at the end of the screw.

[0035] Beneficial effects: The first gear and the turntable bearing are arranged vertically along the axial direction of the slag discharge pipe, effectively utilizing axial space and avoiding excessive radial space occupation by the transmission mechanism. The gear meshing transmission method ensures smooth and reliable transmission; the cooperation between the threaded sleeve and the screw converts the rotational motion of the gear into the linear motion of the screw, allowing for uniform screw extension and retraction, which is easy to control.

[0036] In one alternative embodiment, a gate is provided at the bottom end of the slag discharge pipe.

[0037] Beneficial effects: A gate is installed at the bottom of the slag discharge pipe, which works in conjunction with the pipe diameter adjustment mechanism. When slag discharge is not required, both the pipe diameter adjustment mechanism and the gate can be closed, forming a double insurance and improving reliability.

[0038] Secondly, the present invention also provides a construction method for an earth pressure balance upward shaft tunneling machine as described in any of the above claims, wherein the earth pressure balance upward shaft tunneling machine further includes an earth pressure monitoring device, and the construction method includes:

[0039] During the upward excavation of the main unit, the earth pressure monitoring device monitors the real-time pressure in the earth chamber and controls the switching of the pressurizing mechanism or adjusts the squeezing power of the pressurizing mechanism according to the real-time pressure to regulate the pressure in the earth chamber.

[0040] Beneficial effects: The closed loop formed by intelligent monitoring, prediction, and response greatly improves construction safety. The earth pressure monitoring device monitors the real-time pressure within the earth chamber and controls the switching on and off of the pressurizing mechanism or adjusts its squeezing power based on the real-time pressure, facilitating pressure adjustment within the earth chamber to achieve a dynamic balance between ground stress and slag discharge, thereby improving slag discharge efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or related technologies of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an earth pressure balance upward shaft tunneling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the main structure of the earth pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine;

[0044] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows another view of the main unit of the earth pressure balance upward shaft tunneling machine, with the pipe diameter adjustment mechanism shown in the figure;

[0045] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A diagram showing the state of the slag discharge channel when the pipe diameter adjustment mechanism is pressed against the slag discharge pipe and the slag discharge channel is reduced.

[0046] Figure 5 Top view of the connection structure between the pipe diameter adjustment mechanism and the slag discharge pipe according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a control flowchart of the construction method for the earth pressure balance upward vertical shaft tunneling machine of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a construction method for an earth pressure balance upward shaft tunneling machine according to the present invention.

[0049] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0050] 100. Cover with soil;

[0051] 10. Host computer;

[0052] 11. Cutterhead; 12. Pressurizing mechanism; 121. Central shaft; 122. Spiral blades; 13. Shield body; 14. Slag discharge pipe; 15. Drive unit; 16. Gate;

[0053] 20. Earthen granary;

[0054] 21. Cylindrical section; 22. Conical section; 221. Earth pressure monitoring hole;

[0055] 30. Starting sleeve;

[0056] 40. Tunnel segment;

[0057] 51. Segment hoist; 52. Segment assembly machine;

[0058] 60. Push cylinder;

[0059] 71. Slag truck; 72. Slag conveyor belt;

[0060] 80. Pipe diameter adjustment mechanism;

[0061] 81. Support frame; 82. Turntable bearing; 83. Threaded sleeve; 84. First gear; 85. Screw; 86. Drive mechanism;

[0062] 90. Contact part. Detailed Implementation

[0063] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0065] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0066] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 7 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0067] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in one aspect, an earth pressure balance type upward shaft boring machine is provided, including a main unit 10 and an earth chamber 20, wherein the main unit 10 includes:

[0068] Shield body 13 forms a rigid, enclosed space to provide protection and load-bearing capacity;

[0069] The cutter head 11 controls the balance of the cutting face while cutting;

[0070] The pressurization mechanism 12 is disposed on the back of the cutter head 11 and located in the soil chamber 20;

[0071] The slag discharge pipe 14 is located at the bottom of the soil chamber 20 and receives the slag and soil squeezed out of the soil chamber 20 by the pressurizing mechanism 12.

[0072] The earth pressure balance upward shaft boring machine is equipped with a pressurizing mechanism 12 in the earth chamber 20. The pressurizing mechanism 12 increases the pressure in the earth chamber 20, preventing a sudden drop in pressure. The pressurizing mechanism 12 squeezes the excavated soil out of the earth chamber 20 and discharges it through the slag discharge pipe 14 located at the bottom of the earth chamber 20. By pressurizing the earth chamber 20 through the pressurizing mechanism 12, the pressure in the earth chamber 20 is always slightly higher than the formation pressure, forming a pressure barrier. This active pressurization method can quickly offset the instantaneous impact of sudden water inrush. In addition, the excavated soil is continuously transported from the earth chamber to the slag discharge pipe, forming a stable slag discharge flow and avoiding jetting caused by sudden pressure drops or poor flowability. The pressurizing mechanism 12 continuously transports the slag from the soil chamber 20 to the slag discharge pipe 14, forming a stable slag discharge flow. Compared with the method of using a clamp valve, the pressurizing mechanism continuously transports the slag from the soil chamber 20 to the slag discharge pipe 14, forming a stable slag discharge flow. Compared with the method of using a clamp valve, the slag is pressurized and transported in the soil chamber 20, which is similar to a pumping mechanism. Compared with the pipe blockage caused by the non-pressurized slag discharge of the clamp valve, the slag discharge fluidity is enhanced. Moreover, the pressurizing mechanism 12 is set inside the soil chamber 20, which does not affect the equipment's ability to transport large-diameter slag, ensuring the reliability of slag discharge.

[0073] In some embodiments, the pressurizing mechanism 12 includes:

[0074] A central shaft 121 is disposed on the cutter head 11;

[0075] The spiral blade 122 is disposed around the central shaft 121.

[0076] The spiral blades 122 continuously transport the slag from the soil chamber 20 to the slag discharge pipe 14 through rotation, forming a stable slag discharge flow. By adjusting the rotation speed of the spiral blades 122, pressure fluctuations caused by mutual interference between gas and slag flow in traditional equipment can be avoided. When injecting foaming agent to improve the slag, the shearing action of the spiral blades 122 can refine the foam particle size, significantly reducing the risk of sudden pressure drop caused by foam rupture.

[0077] In some embodiments, the radial dimension of the helical blade 122 gradually decreases from near the cutter head 11 to away from the cutter head 11.

[0078] The spiral blade 122 adopts a tapered structure with a coarser front and a finer rear. In the hard rock section, it crushes the rock by squeezing with large-diameter blades, while in the soft soil section, it transports the rock efficiently by small-diameter blades.

[0079] In some embodiments, the earthwork silo 20 includes:

[0080] Cylindrical section 21 is located near the cutter head 11;

[0081] The tapered segment 22 is connected to the cylindrical segment 21.

[0082] The cylindrical section 21 provides a large space for crushing slag, while the conical section 22 creates a tendency for slag collection and pressurization at the bottom of the slag bin 20, improving slag discharge efficiency. A pressurizing mechanism 12 is installed inside the slag bin 20, forming a gradually decreasing diameter structure along the conical section 22, which compresses the cut slag, improving plasticity and water tightness. The pressurizing mechanism continuously transports the slag from the slag bin 20 to the slag discharge pipe 14, forming a stable slag discharge flow. Compared to using a clamp valve, pressurizing and transporting the slag within the slag bin 20 is similar to a pumping mechanism, enhancing the fluidity of the discharged slag compared to the pipe blockage caused by non-pressurized discharge using a clamp valve. Furthermore, the pressurizing mechanism 12 is located inside the slag bin 20, not affecting the equipment's ability to transport large-diameter slag, ensuring reliable slag discharge.

[0083] In some embodiments, the conical segment 22 is provided with an earth pressure monitoring hole 221.

[0084] By monitoring the pressure of the soil chamber 20 in real time, the switch and pressure of the pressurizing mechanism 12 are adjusted in a timely manner according to the changes in the pressure of the soil chamber 20, so that the pressure of the soil chamber 20 is always kept within a suitable range, thereby improving the reliability of slag discharge.

[0085] In some embodiments, the slag discharge pipe 14 is a flexible pipe, and at least two pipe diameter adjustment mechanisms 80 are evenly distributed around the periphery of the slag discharge pipe 14.

[0086] The use of flexible pipes facilitates the adjustment of the channel size of the slag discharge pipe 14 by cooperating with the pipe diameter adjustment mechanism 80, making it highly adaptable. The slag discharge path often needs to be adjusted with the tunneling direction, and the use of flexible pipes allows for flexible turning, avoiding the failure of the interface seal caused by the angle deviation of rigid pipes. Flexible pipes have a certain degree of elasticity, which can absorb vibration energy and prevent vibration from being transmitted to other components through the pipeline.

[0087] Specifically, the slag discharge pipe 14 can be a flexible pipe such as a rubber pipe. The choice can be made according to the construction environment and soil characteristics in specific applications, and no restrictions are made here.

[0088] In some embodiments, the pipe diameter adjustment mechanism 80 includes:

[0089] Support frame 81 is disposed on the shield body 13;

[0090] Drive mechanism 86 provides the driving force for pipe diameter adjustment;

[0091] A transmission mechanism is mounted on the support frame 81 and is connected to the drive mechanism 86 in a transmission manner.

[0092] The abutment part 90 is provided at the output end of the transmission mechanism and can be retractably abutted against the slag discharge pipe 14 through the transmission mechanism.

[0093] The drive mechanism 86 drives the transmission mechanism, which in turn drives the abutment part 90 to extend and abut against the outer periphery of the slag discharge pipe 14, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the size of the slag discharge channel of the slag discharge pipe 14.

[0094] Specifically, the drive mechanism 86 includes a motor, the output shaft of which is connected to the transmission mechanism.

[0095] In some embodiments, the transmission mechanism includes:

[0096] The first gear 84 is connected to the drive mechanism 86;

[0097] The turntable bearing 82 has external teeth that mesh with the first gear 84; the first gear 84 and the turntable bearing 82 are arranged vertically along the axial direction of the slag discharge pipe 14.

[0098] Threaded sleeve 83 is fitted and fixed to the turntable bearing 82;

[0099] The screw 85 is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve 83; the abutment portion 90 is disposed at the end of the screw 85.

[0100] The first gear 84 and the turntable bearing 82 are arranged vertically along the axial direction of the slag discharge pipe 14, effectively utilizing the axial space and avoiding excessive radial space occupation by the transmission mechanism. The gear meshing transmission method ensures smooth and reliable transmission; by utilizing the cooperation between the threaded sleeve 83 and the screw 85, the rotational motion of the gear is converted into the linear motion of the screw 85, and the screw 85 extends and retracts at a uniform speed, which is easy to control.

[0101] In some embodiments, a gate 16 is provided at the bottom end of the slag discharge pipe 14.

[0102] A gate 16 is installed at the bottom of the slag discharge pipe 14, which works in conjunction with the pipe diameter adjustment mechanism 80. When slag discharge is not required, both the pipe diameter adjustment mechanism 80 and the gate 16 can be closed, forming a double insurance and improving reliability.

[0103] The earth pressure balance type upward vertical shaft tunneling machine also includes:

[0104] A pushing device is disposed on the bottom side of the main unit 10 and is adapted to provide an upward pushing force to the main unit 10.

[0105] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the figure, a specific embodiment of the present invention provides an earth pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine, comprising:

[0106] The main unit 10 (machine head) can cut the tunnel section 40 of the main tunnel and has the functions of cutting soil layers and balancing the working face.

[0107] The ring-rail assembly machine includes a grab arm, a track, and a drive unit 15. The ring-rail assembly machine is installed on the starting platform, located on the outside of the machine head. It can install segmented pipe sections to the tail of the machine head and assemble them into a ring to form the lining support of the vertical shaft.

[0108] The jacking device, including the jacking cylinder 60, is installed at the head and tail of the machine and located inside the ring-rail type assembly machine. In the tunneling mode, it can provide jacking force for the machine head and pipe sections to tunnel upward; in the assembly mode, it assists the assembly machine in assembling the pipe segments into a ring.

[0109] The segment crane 51 is installed on the top of the main tunnel segment 40 and includes a drive unit 15, a traveling mechanism and a hook, used to transport the segments of the segment trolley to the grab arm of the segment assembly machine 52.

[0110] The slag conveyor belt 72 is installed at the head and tail of the machine and passes through the middle of the top push cylinder 60 of the top push device to transfer the cut slag to the slag car 71.

[0111] The main unit 10 is located inside the launching sleeve 30. The main unit 10 includes a cutterhead 11, a shield 13, a drive mechanism 86, a pressurizing mechanism 12, a flexible slag discharge pipe 14, and a gate 16. The outer ring of the cutterhead 11 is connected to a drive ring, which in turn is connected to a motor. The back plate of the cutterhead 11 is connected to the pressurizing mechanism 12, which consists of a central shaft 121 and spiral blades 122. The pressurizing mechanism 12 agitates the cut slag. The spiral blades 122 are adapted to the structure of the soil chamber 20, exhibiting a gradually decreasing outer diameter to provide pressure for the subsequent slag discharge. After being agitated and pressurized within the soil chamber 20, the slag enters the slag discharge pipe 14. The slag discharge channel of the slag discharge pipe 14 is adjustable, with three telescopic pipe diameter adjustment mechanisms 80 evenly distributed on its outer circumference. Each pipe diameter adjustment mechanism 80 includes a servo motor, a screw 85, a transmission mechanism, and a support frame 81. A soil pressure monitoring hole 221 is provided in the conical section 22 at the rear of the soil chamber 20, and the size of the slag discharge pipe 14 is dynamically adjusted according to the soil pressure. The transmission mechanism includes a pinion (first gear 84) and a turntable bearing 82. The outer ring of the turntable bearing 82 is a large gear, which forms a gear pair with the pinion. The inner side of the turntable bearing 82 forms a helical transmission pair with the screw 85 through a threaded sleeve 83. The central shaft 121 and the helical blades 122 are set in the soil chamber 20, and the slag is squeezed out of the soil chamber 20 by applying pressure.

[0112] A servo motor drives a pinion to rotate, which in turn drives the threaded rod to move back and forth via a transmission mechanism. This causes the conical plate of the screw 85 to press into the flexible tube, changing the size of the slag outlet and thus controlling the slag discharge speed, thereby controlling the pressure of the earth chamber 20. The drive mechanism 86 and the screw 85 are arranged vertically, effectively utilizing longitudinal space and reducing the need for radial dimensions. The screw 85 is connected to the servo motor via gear transmission. By changing the servo motor's drive mode and the gear transmission ratio, the transmission accuracy of the screw 85 can be adjusted, thereby changing the precision control of the screw 85's extension and retraction, and achieving precise control of the pressure in the earth chamber 20.

[0113] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in another aspect, a construction method for an earth pressure balance upward shaft tunneling machine is also provided, wherein the earth pressure balance upward shaft tunneling machine further includes an earth pressure monitoring device, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the construction method includes:

[0114] During the upward excavation process of the main unit 10, the earth pressure monitoring device monitors the real-time pressure in the earth chamber 20 and controls the switching of the pressurizing mechanism 12 or adjusts the squeezing power of the pressurizing mechanism 12 according to the real-time pressure to regulate the pressure in the earth chamber 20.

[0115] The closed loop formed by intelligent monitoring, prediction, and response greatly improves construction safety. The real-time pressure inside the soil chamber 20 is monitored by the earth pressure monitoring device, and the pressure mechanism 12 is switched on and off or its squeezing power is adjusted according to the real-time pressure. This facilitates the adjustment of the pressure inside the soil chamber 20, achieving a dynamic balance between ground stress and slag discharge, and improving the slag discharge effect.

[0116] Specifically, the pressure of the soil chamber 20 can be adjusted by regulating the rotational speed of the central shaft 121 of the pressurizing mechanism 12.

[0117] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the construction method of the present invention includes:

[0118] The jacking device extends at a constant speed;

[0119] The cutterhead cuts through the soil layer;

[0120] Pressurized tunneling with earth chamber;

[0121] Monitor soil pressure;

[0122] Adjust the size of the slag outlet;

[0123] Slag discharge is performed dynamically through the slag discharge pipe.

[0124] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by this application.

Claims

1. An earth pressure balance type upward vertical shaft tunneling machine, characterized in that, Includes a host (10) and a soil bin (20), wherein the host (10) includes: The shield body (13) forms a rigid, enclosed space to provide protection and load-bearing capacity; The cutter head (11) controls the balance of the face while cutting; The pressurization mechanism (12) is located on the back of the cutter head (11) and in the soil chamber (20); A slag discharge pipe (14) is located at the bottom end of the soil chamber (20) to receive the slag and soil squeezed out of the soil chamber (20) by the pressurizing mechanism (12); the slag discharge pipe (14) is a flexible pipe, and at least two pipe diameter adjustment mechanisms (80) are evenly distributed around the periphery of the slag discharge pipe (14); the pipe diameter adjustment mechanism (80) includes: A support frame (81) is provided on the shield body (13); The drive mechanism (86) provides the driving force for pipe diameter adjustment; The transmission mechanism is installed on the support frame (81) and is connected to the drive mechanism (86) in a transmission manner; The abutment part (90) is provided at the output end of the transmission mechanism and can be retractably abutted against the slag discharge pipe (14) through the transmission mechanism.

2. The earth pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressurization mechanism (12) includes: A central shaft (121) is disposed on the cutter head (11). Spiral blades (122) are disposed around the central shaft (121).

3. The earth pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radial dimension of the helical blade (122) gradually decreases from the direction near the cutter head (11) to the direction away from the cutter head (11).

4. The earth pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The earthwork silo (20) includes: The cylindrical section (21) is located near the cutter head (11); The conical segment (22) is connected to the cylindrical segment (21).

5. The earth pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conical section (22) is provided with an earth pressure monitoring hole (221).

6. The earth pressure balance type upward shaft boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism includes: The first gear (84) is connected to the drive mechanism (86); The turntable bearing (82) has external teeth that mesh with the first gear (84); the first gear (84) and the turntable bearing (82) are arranged vertically along the axial direction of the slag discharge pipe (14); A threaded sleeve (83) is fitted and fixed to the turntable bearing (82). The screw (85) is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve (83); the abutment (90) is disposed at the end of the screw (85).

7. The earth pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A gate (16) is provided at the bottom end of the slag discharge pipe (14).

8. A construction method for an earth pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The earth pressure balance type upward shaft tunneling machine also includes an earth pressure monitoring device, and the construction method includes: During the upward excavation process of the host (10), the earth pressure monitoring device monitors the real-time pressure in the earth chamber (20) and controls the switch of the pressurizing mechanism (12) or adjusts the squeezing power of the pressurizing mechanism (12) according to the real-time pressure to adjust the pressure in the earth chamber (20).

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