Dynamic aerodynamic characteristic testing device for vertical axis wind turbine airfoil

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of airfoil dynamic test of generator, and disclose a kind of vertical axis wind turbine's airfoil dynamic test device, base is equipped with wind tunnel pipeline, vertical axis wind turbine component opposite wind tunnel pipeline outlet and the speed sensor below vertical axis wind turbine component;Vertical axis wind turbine component includes up and down bracket assembly, adjusting rotation component between up and down bracket assembly, shaft assembly through bracket assembly and adjusting rotation component and the buckle positioning piece on shaft assembly;The present application can realize the synchronous adjustment of multiple blade angles, completely solve the problem of "single blade adjustment error, multi-blade out of sync" of existing device, meet the precise comparison test demand of airfoil dynamic characteristics under multiple attack angles.The unlocking and locking of buckle positioning piece only need single person single time press operation to realize the efficient operation process of "one-key unlocking-adjustment-one-key locking".

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of airfoil aerodynamic testing technology for generators, specifically to a device for testing the dynamic aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils for vertical axis wind turbines. Background Technology

[0002] In the research and development and performance optimization of vertical axis wind turbines, the dynamic aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil (such as lift-to-drag ratio, torque coefficient, and dynamic stall characteristics) are core indicators determining the generator's efficiency and stability, requiring precise measurement using specialized testing equipment to simulate actual wind conditions. However, existing testing equipment for the dynamic aerodynamic characteristics of vertical axis wind turbine airfoils suffers from numerous technical limitations in structural design and functional implementation, making it difficult to meet the demands for high-precision, multi-condition testing. Specific problems include:

[0003] (i) The blade angle is difficult to adjust, making it impossible to achieve simultaneous testing under multiple operating conditions.

[0004] In existing testing devices, blades and supports are mostly fixedly connected or individually adjustable. If fixedly connected, the blades need to be disassembled and reinstalled for each set of test angles, which is cumbersome and time-consuming and cannot quickly switch test conditions. If individually adjustable, each set of blade angles needs to be adjusted one by one, which can easily lead to inconsistent initial angles of multiple sets of blades due to adjustment errors (the deviation often exceeds 1°), resulting in uneven stress on the blades. It is difficult to achieve precise adjustment of the blade angles and cannot meet the comparative testing requirements of airfoil dynamic characteristics under different angles of attack, thus leading to distortion of airfoil aerodynamic characteristic test data.

[0005] (ii) The blade locking after adjustment is unreliable, and the angle is prone to deviation during the test.

[0006] Existing blade angle locking devices mostly employ bolt tightening or pin positioning methods. Bolt tightening is prone to bolt loosening due to vibration, causing the blade to shift angle under airflow. Pin positioning requires pre-drilled positioning holes on the support and blade, only achieving fixed angle locking positions and failing to meet continuous angle adjustment needs. Furthermore, the pin insertion and removal operation is cumbersome, impacting testing efficiency. During long-term, high-frequency testing, wear on the locking structure further exacerbates the angle shift problem, resulting in poor repeatability of test data under the same operating conditions (standard deviation often exceeding 1%), failing to provide reliable data support for airfoil optimization.

[0007] To address this, we have developed a testing device for the dynamic aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils in vertical axis wind turbines. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for testing the dynamic aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils for vertical axis wind turbines, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A test device for the dynamic aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils of vertical axis wind turbines includes a base, on which a wind tunnel duct, a vertical axis wind turbine assembly facing the air outlet of the wind tunnel duct, and a speed sensor below the vertical axis wind turbine assembly are provided.

[0011] The vertical axis wind turbine assembly includes a support assembly arranged vertically, an adjustment and rotation assembly located between the upper and lower support assemblies, a rotating shaft assembly passing through the support assembly and the adjustment and rotation assembly, and a snap-positioning component provided on the rotating shaft assembly;

[0012] The rotating shaft assembly is fixed to the support assembly, and several sets of blades are movably connected to the end of the support assembly. A speed sensor is used to detect the rotation speed of the blades.

[0013] The support assembly is provided with a connecting rod assembly, the two ends of which are movably connected to the inner side of the blade and the adjusting rotation assembly, respectively.

[0014] Press down the locking and positioning component to disengage it from the adjusting and rotating assembly. Then rotate the adjusting and rotating assembly to achieve synchronous adjustment of several sets of blade angles through the connecting rod assembly. Afterward, release the locking and positioning component until it resets and locks with the adjusting and rotating assembly to fix the blades.

[0015] Preferably, the wind tunnel pipe is fixed on one side of the upper end of the base by a support, and the vertical axis wind turbine assembly is rotatably connected to the other side of the upper end of the base by a mounting base, with the speed sensor fixed on the upper side of the mounting base.

[0016] Preferably, the support assembly includes a sleeve for rotatably connecting and adjusting the rotating component, and support arms evenly spaced on the outer side of the sleeve;

[0017] The connecting rod assembly includes a U-shaped seat fixed to the inside of the blade, a T-shaped rod movably connected in the U-shaped seat by a first pin, and a movable rod sliding in a groove in the support arm.

[0018] The outer end of the support arm is movably connected to the U-shaped seat by a second pin, and the outer end of the moving rod is movably connected to the inner end of the T-shaped rod by a third pin.

[0019] Preferably, the side of the support arm is also provided with a reserved groove that communicates with the outer end of the slide groove, and the outer end of the moving rod is provided with a connecting ear that extends through the reserved groove. The inner end of the T-shaped rod is movably connected to the connecting ear through a third pin.

[0020] Preferably, the adjusting rotation assembly includes a rotating column located between the upper and lower sets of sleeves and a rotating disk whose two ends are connected by connecting columns;

[0021] The rotating disk is rotatably connected to the sleeve. Several sets of inclined grooves are provided at equal intervals on the rotating disk. The inner end of the moving rod is provided with a U-shaped groove that is locked on the side of the sleeve. The pin fixed in the U-shaped groove passes through the corresponding inclined groove.

[0022] Preferably, the rotating shaft assembly includes a rotating shaft, an upper end cover fixed to the top of the rotating shaft, and a lower end cover screwed to the bottom of the rotating shaft;

[0023] The upper end cap is fixed to the top of the upper sleeve, and the lower end cap is fixed to the bottom of the lower sleeve;

[0024] A shaft hole for passing through the rotating shaft is provided in the middle between the rotating column, the connecting column and the rotating disk.

[0025] Preferably, the middle sidewall of the shaft hole is provided with equally spaced grooves;

[0026] The rotating shaft is provided with a slot;

[0027] The snap-fit ​​positioning component includes a rectangular plate inserted into the rotating shaft from the top and a rotating snap-fit ​​component movably connected in the slot;

[0028] The rotating fastener includes a rotating cylinder movably connected to the slot via a fourth pin, a gear groove provided on the side of the rotating cylinder, and a fastener block fixed in the middle of the side of the rotating cylinder.

[0029] A pressing plate is fixed to the top of the rectangular plate after it extends through the upper end cover. A reset spring is provided between the upper end cover and the pressing plate and is sleeved on the outside of the rectangular plate.

[0030] The teeth on the bottom side of the rectangular plate mesh with the gear groove.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention achieves synchronous adjustment of multiple blade angles (synchronous deviation ≤ 0.1°) by adjusting the rotating component and the connecting rod component to connect multiple sets of blades synchronously, thus completely solving the problem of "large adjustment error of single blade and asynchronous operation of multiple blades" in the existing device, and meeting the requirements for accurate comparative testing of airfoil dynamic characteristics under multiple angles of attack.

[0032] The transmission structure of the adjusting rotating component transmits force only through "rotating disk, inclined groove, pin, and moving rod". The transmission link is short (only 4 transmission links) and has high transmission efficiency. It is simpler and more reliable than the existing gear transmission or screw transmission structure (which often has more than 6 transmission links and efficiency ≤85%). It not only reduces structural complexity and manufacturing cost, but also reduces the adjustment error caused by transmission clearance, and further improves the accuracy of blade angle adjustment.

[0033] Unlocking and locking the snap-on positioning component requires only a single press operation by one person (operation time ≤ 2 seconds), without the need to disassemble bolts or insert / remove pins, achieving a highly efficient operation process of "one-click unlocking-adjustment-one-click locking". At the same time, the snap-on positioning component has strong coordination with the adjustment and rotation components and the bracket components, and can be locked immediately after adjusting the blade angle without additional operation steps. This reduces the connection time of "adjustment-locking-testing" by more than 60% compared with existing devices, greatly improving testing efficiency, and is especially suitable for rapid screening tests of large batches of airfoil samples. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the vertical axis wind turbine generator assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the assembly of the blade and support components of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the assembly of the bracket assembly, the adjustment and rotation assembly, the rotating shaft assembly, and the snap-on positioning component of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support assembly of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the U-shaped seat, T-shaped rod, and movable rod of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the assembled bracket assembly and connecting rod assembly of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the assembly of the support assembly, connecting rod assembly, and adjusting rotation assembly of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the assembly of the moving rod and the adjusting rotation component of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the adjusting rotation component of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the assembly of the rotating shaft and the snap-fit ​​positioning component of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the engagement between the rotating buckle and the rectangular plate of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 13This is a cross-sectional view of the vertical axis wind turbine assembly of the present invention.

[0047] In the diagram: 1. Wind tunnel duct; 2. Support; 3. Base; 4. Mounting seat; 5. Speed ​​sensor; 6. Blade; 7. Linkage assembly; 701. U-shaped seat; 702. T-shaped rod; 703. Moving rod; 704. Second pin; 705. First pin; 706. Pin; 707. U-shaped groove; 708. Connecting lug; 709. Third pin; 8. Sleeve; 9. Support arm; 901. Reserved slot; 902. 10. Slide groove; 11. Pressing plate; 12. Rotating column; 13. Slot; 14. Shaft hole; 15. Connecting column; 16. Rotating shaft; 17. Slot; 18. Return spring; 19. Upper end cover; 10. Lower end cover; 10. Rotating disc; 11. Inclined groove; 12. Rectangular plate; 13. Tooth; 14. Rotating fastener; 15. Rotating cylinder; 16. Fastener block; 17. Fourth pin; 18. Gear groove. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Example:

[0050] Please see Figure 1-13 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0051] A test device for the dynamic aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils for vertical axis wind turbines includes a base 3, on which a wind tunnel duct 1, a vertical axis wind turbine assembly facing the air outlet of the wind tunnel duct 1, and a speed sensor 5 below the vertical axis wind turbine assembly are mounted.

[0052] The wind tunnel pipe 1 is fixed on one side of the upper end of the base 3 by the support 2, and the vertical axis wind turbine assembly is rotatably connected to the other side of the upper end of the base 3 by the mounting base 4. The speed sensor 5 is fixed on the upper side of the mounting base 4.

[0053] The base 3 provides stable support for the entire device. The wind tunnel duct 1 is fixed to one side of the upper end of the base 3 by the support 2, ensuring that the air outlet of the wind tunnel duct 1 is precisely aligned with the vertical axis wind turbine assembly, and avoiding airflow deviation that could lead to test errors.

[0054] The rotating shaft 12 is inserted into the mounting base 4, and the bearing inside the mounting base 4 is fitted onto the bottom of the rotating shaft 12.

[0055] The speed sensor 5 is fixed on the upper side of the mounting base 4. The installation position is close to the blade 6 and does not affect the rotation of the blade 6. It can collect the rotation speed of the blade 6 in real time and accurately, avoiding signal delay or data deviation caused by improper installation position of the speed sensor 5, ensuring the accuracy of test data, and providing a reliable basis for aerodynamic characteristic analysis.

[0056] The speed sensor 5 should be a laser Doppler speed sensor or a high-precision Hall sensor (measurement accuracy ≤ ±0.1 r / min). During installation, ensure that the distance between the sensor probe and the blade 6 is controlled at 5-10 mm, and that the probe axis is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the blade 6 to avoid attenuation or distortion of the speed measurement signal due to installation angle deviation. At the same time, when the speed sensor 5 is fixed by the mounting base 4, vibration damping pads (such as silicone vibration damping pads) should be used to isolate the vibration of the base 3 to prevent the sensor probe from shifting due to vibration and affecting the accuracy of speed data acquisition.

[0057] If it is necessary to measure the forces on the airfoil (such as lift and torque), a miniature force sensor (measurement accuracy ≤ ±0.1N) can be installed between the blade 6 and the U-shaped seat 701. The sensor needs to be calibrated for temperature compensation to avoid measurement errors caused by temperature changes during the test. The signal line of the force sensor needs to be shielded to prevent electromagnetic interference generated by the wind tunnel motor and equipment circuit from affecting the signal transmission and to ensure that the force data truly reflects the aerodynamic load on the airfoil.

[0058] The vertical axis wind turbine assembly includes a support assembly arranged vertically, an adjustment and rotation assembly located between the upper and lower support assemblies, a shaft assembly passing through the support assembly and the adjustment and rotation assembly, and a snap-fit ​​positioning component provided on the shaft assembly.

[0059] The support assembly includes a sleeve 8 for rotatably connecting and adjusting the rotating component, and support arms 9 evenly spaced on the outer side of the sleeve 8.

[0060] Sleeve 8 provides rotational support for the rotating disk 16 of the adjustment rotating assembly, ensuring coaxiality when the adjustment rotating assembly rotates.

[0061] The support arms 9 are evenly spaced (matching the number of blades 6) and can simultaneously connect multiple sets of connecting rod assemblies 7 and blades 6, providing a stable installation foundation for blades 6.

[0062] The linkage assembly 7 includes a U-shaped seat 701 fixed inside the blade 6, a T-shaped rod 702 movably connected to the U-shaped seat 701 by a first pin 705, and a movable rod 703 sliding in a groove 902 inside the support arm 9.

[0063] Meanwhile, the slide groove 902 of the support arm 9 provides sliding guidance for the moving rod 703, preventing the moving rod 703 from deviating when sliding and ensuring the synchronicity of the blade 6 angle adjustment.

[0064] The outer end of the support arm 9 is movably connected to the U-shaped seat 701 by the second pin 704, and the outer end of the moving rod 703 is movably connected to the inner end of the T-shaped rod 702 by the third pin 709.

[0065] The U-shaped seat 701 of the connecting rod assembly 7 is fixed to the inner side of the blade 6 and is movably connected to the T-shaped rod 702 through the first pin 705. The other end of the T-shaped rod 702 is movably connected to the connecting ear 708 of the moving rod 703 through the third pin 709. At the same time, the support arm 9 is movably connected to the U-shaped seat 701 through the second pin 704, forming a "multi-axis hinged" transmission link. This connection method can eliminate rigid interference when the components move, ensuring that the sliding energy of the moving rod 703 can be smoothly converted into the deflection motion of the blade 6.

[0066] The support arm 9 also has a reserved groove 901 on its side that communicates with the outer end of the slide groove 902. The outer end of the moving rod 703 has a connecting ear 708 extending through the reserved groove 901. The inner end of the T-shaped rod 702 is movably connected to the connecting ear 708 through a third pin 709. The reserved groove 901 of the support arm 9 provides room for the connecting ear 708 of the moving rod 703 to move, preventing the moving rod 703 from colliding with the support arm 9 when sliding, and ensuring the smoothness of the adjustment process.

[0067] The adjusting rotation assembly includes a rotating column 11 located between the upper and lower sleeves 8 and a rotating disk 16 connected at both ends of the rotating column 11 by connecting columns 113. The rotating column 11 of the adjusting rotation assembly connects the upper and lower rotating disks 16 through the connecting columns 113 to form an "integrated linkage" structure. Rotating the rotating column 11 can drive the two rotating disks 16 to rotate synchronously, avoiding uneven adjustment of the blade angle 6 caused by the difference in the rotation speed of the upper and lower rotating disks 16. The rotating disk 16 is rotatably connected inside the sleeve 8. Several sets of inclined grooves 17 are provided at equal intervals on the rotating disk 16. The inner end of the moving rod 703 is provided with a U-shaped groove 707 that is stuck on the side of the sleeve 8. The pin 706 fixed in the U-shaped groove 707 passes through the corresponding inclined groove 17.

[0068] The inclined groove 17 of the rotating disk 16 cooperates with the pin 706 of the moving rod 703 to convert the rotational motion of the rotating disk 16 into the linear sliding of the moving rod 703. The transmission structure is simple and has high transmission efficiency, and can accurately control the sliding distance of the moving rod 703, thereby realizing the precise adjustment of the blade angle 6.

[0069] The rotating shaft assembly includes a rotating shaft 12, an upper end cover 14 fixed to the top of the rotating shaft 12, and a lower end cover 15 screwed to the bottom of the rotating shaft 12. The upper end cover 14 is fixed to the top of the upper sleeve 8, and the lower end cover 15 is fixed to the bottom of the lower sleeve 8. A shaft hole 112 for passing through the rotating shaft 12 is provided in the middle between the rotating column 11, the connecting column 113 and the rotating disk 16.

[0070] The rotating shaft 12 of the rotating shaft assembly passes through the shaft hole 112 of the adjusting rotating assembly. The upper end cover 14 is fixed to the top of the upper sleeve 8, and the lower end cover 15 is fixed to the bottom of the lower sleeve 8, so that the support assembly and the rotating shaft 12 form a "relatively fixed" structure. When the blade 6 rotates, it drives the support assembly and the rotating shaft 12 to rotate synchronously, avoiding the additional friction caused by the relative sliding between the support assembly and the rotating shaft assembly, and ensuring that the speed data of the blade 6 can truly reflect the aerodynamic characteristics. At the same time, the slot 121 of the rotating shaft 12 provides installation space for the rotating buckle 19. The slot 111 of the shaft hole 112 cooperates with the buckle block 192 to achieve locking, so that the rotating shaft assembly has the dual functions of "support" and "locking carrier", simplifying the overall structure of the device.

[0071] The shaft hole 112 has slots 111 evenly spaced around the middle side wall; the rotating shaft 12 has a slot 121; the snap-fit ​​positioning component includes a rectangular plate 18 inserted into the rotating shaft 12 from the top and a rotating snap-fit ​​component 19 movably connected in the slot 121; the rotating snap-fit ​​component 19 includes a rotating cylinder 191 movably connected in the slot 121 via a fourth pin 193, a gear groove 194 provided on the side of the rotating cylinder 191, and a snap-fit ​​block 192 fixed in the middle of the side of the rotating cylinder 191; a pressing plate 10 is fixed after the top of the rectangular plate 18 extends through the upper end cover 14, and a return spring 13 sleeved on the outside of the rectangular plate 18 is provided between the upper end cover 14 and the pressing plate 10; the teeth 181 provided on the bottom side of the rectangular plate 18 mesh with the gear groove 194.

[0072] The rectangular plate 18 of the buckle positioning component and the rotating buckle component 19 engage with the gear groove 194 through the teeth 181 to form a "linear drive rotation" transmission structure. The operator only needs to press the pressing plate 10 to unlock and lock the buckle block 192, which is convenient and labor-saving.

[0073] The reset spring 13 enables the rectangular plate 18 to automatically reset, ensuring that the latch block 192 can quickly snap into the slot 111 after the press plate 10 is released, thus avoiding locking delay caused by manual reset.

[0074] The rotating cylinder 191 is movably connected to the slot 121 via the fourth pin 193, allowing for flexible rotation and precise positioning. This ensures reliable engagement between the buckle block 192 and the slot 111, preventing accidental rotation of the adjustment rotating component during testing.

[0075] The rotating shaft assembly is fixed to the support assembly, and several sets of blades 6 are movably connected to the end of the support assembly. The speed sensor 5 is used to detect the rotation speed of the blades 6.

[0076] The support assembly is equipped with a connecting rod assembly 7, and the two ends of the connecting rod assembly 7 are movably connected to the inner side of the blade 6 and the adjusting rotation assembly, respectively.

[0077] Press down the locking and positioning component to disengage it from the adjusting and rotating assembly. Then rotate the adjusting and rotating assembly to allow it to synchronously adjust the angles of several sets of blades 6 via the connecting rod assembly 7. Afterward, release the locking and positioning component until it resets and locks with the adjusting and rotating assembly, thus fixing the blades 6.

[0078] This invention controls the unlocking and locking of the rotating component through a snap-lock positioning component. The rotating component drives the blades 6 to adjust their angle synchronously through the connecting rod assembly 7. The wind tunnel duct 1 provides stable airflow, and the speed sensor 5 monitors the rotation speed in real time. All structures form a complete link of "adjustment-testing-data acquisition". Multi-condition testing can be achieved without disassembling or replacing parts, which greatly improves testing efficiency and reduces human intervention errors during the testing process.

[0079] Transmission structure adapted to aerodynamic characteristic testing requirements: All transmission components (such as the slant groove 17-pin 706 fit between the rotating disk 16 and the moving rod 703, and the multi-axis hinge of the T-shaped rod 702) adopt a "low friction, high precision" design to avoid the influence of transmission clearance or frictional resistance on the blade angle adjustment accuracy.

[0080] Meanwhile, the blade 6 angle adjustment is highly synchronized, and multiple sets of blade 6 can maintain the same initial angle, ensuring uniform stress on the blade airfoil during the test, improving the repeatability and reliability of aerodynamic characteristic test data, and providing accurate experimental basis for the optimization of vertical axis wind turbine airfoil.

[0081] Specifically, when using it:

[0082] Blade 6-angle adjustment stage before testing:

[0083] Unlock and adjust the rotating component: Before testing, the initial angle of the blade 6 needs to be adjusted according to the experimental requirements. The operator presses down the pressing plate 10 of the buckle positioning component. The pressing plate 10 drives the rectangular plate 18 to move down along the inside of the rotating shaft 12. At this time, the return spring 13, which is sleeved on the outside of the rectangular plate 18 between the upper cover 14 and the pressing plate 10, is compressed.

[0084] The teeth 181 on the bottom side of the rectangular plate 18 mesh with the gear groove 194 of the rotating buckle 19. When the rectangular plate 18 moves down, the teeth 181 drive the rotating cylinder 191 to rotate around the fourth pin 193 in the slot 121 of the rotating shaft 12, so that the buckle block 192 on the side of the rotating cylinder 191 disengages from the buckle groove 111 on the side wall of the shaft hole 112 of the adjusting rotating assembly, thereby releasing the buckle positioning member from locking the adjusting rotating assembly.

[0085] Synchronous adjustment of blade angle 6: After the adjustment and rotation component is unlocked, the operator rotates the rotating column 11, and the rotating column 11 drives the upper and lower rotating disks 16 to rotate synchronously through the connecting columns 113 at both ends (the rotating disks 16 are rotatably connected to the sleeve 8 of the support assembly).

[0086] The inclined grooves 17, which are equally spaced on the rotating disk 16, rotate with the rotating disk 16. The inner wall of the inclined groove 17 presses the pin 706 in the U-shaped groove 707 at the inner end of the moving rod 703, pushing the moving rod 703 to slide along the slide groove 902 of the support arm 9.

[0087] The outer end of the moving rod 703 is movably connected to the inner end of the T-shaped rod 702 via the third pin 709 (the connecting ear 708 of the moving rod 703 extends through the reserved slot 901 of the support arm 9 to ensure no interference in the connection). When the moving rod 703 slides, it drives the T-shaped rod 702 to rotate around the first pin 705 in the U-shaped seat 701 inside the blade 6. At the same time, the outer end of the support arm 9 is movably connected to the U-shaped seat 701 via the second pin 704. The rotation of the T-shaped rod 702 drives the blade 6 to deflect synchronously around the second pin 704, so as to achieve unified adjustment of the angle of multiple sets of blades 6.

[0088] Locking the blade 6 angle: After the blade 6 angle is adjusted to the target value, the operator releases the pressing plate 10, the reset spring 13 restores its elastic deformation, and pushes the rectangular plate 18 to reset upward. The rectangular plate 18 drives the rotating cylinder 191 to rotate in the opposite direction through the teeth 181, so that the latching block 192 re-locks into the corresponding slot 111 on the side wall of the shaft hole 112, completing the locking of the adjustment rotating component, fixing the angle of the blade 6, and avoiding the blade 6 angle deviation during the test from affecting the accuracy of the data.

[0089] Dynamic aerodynamic characteristics testing phase:

[0090] Simulated airflow environment: Start the wind tunnel duct 1. The wind tunnel duct 1 is fixed by the support 2 on the base 3. Its air outlet is facing the vertical axis wind turbine assembly. The wind tunnel duct 1 outputs a stable airflow that acts on the blades 6 to simulate the natural wind environment under different wind speeds.

[0091] Monitoring the rotation status of blade 6: The airflow drives blade 6 to rotate around the rotation axis 12 of the rotating shaft assembly. Blade 6 drives the sleeve 8 and support arm 9 of the support assembly to rotate synchronously (the upper end cover 14 of the rotating shaft assembly is fixed to the top of the upper sleeve 8, the lower end cover 15 is fixed to the bottom of the lower sleeve 8, and the rotating shaft 12 is fixed relative to the support assembly).

[0092] The speed sensor 5, installed on the upper side of the mounting base 4, detects the rotation speed of the blade 6 in real time and records the rotation speed data of the blade 6 under different airflow speeds and different blade angles, providing core parameters for analyzing the dynamic aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil (such as lift-to-drag ratio and torque coefficient).

[0093] Multi-condition test switching: If it is necessary to test the aerodynamic characteristics of different blades at angle 6, the above "unlock-adjust-lock" process can be repeated. After adjusting the blade angle 6, wind tunnel duct 1 is restarted. Speed ​​data is continuously collected through speed sensor 5 to achieve comparative testing under multiple conditions and comprehensively obtain the dynamic aerodynamic characteristic curves of the blade airfoil.

[0094] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A testing device for the dynamic aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils in vertical axis wind turbines, comprising a base, characterized in that: The base is equipped with a wind tunnel duct, a vertical axis wind turbine assembly facing the air outlet of the wind tunnel duct, and a speed sensor below the vertical axis wind turbine assembly. The vertical axis wind turbine assembly includes a support assembly arranged vertically, an adjustment and rotation assembly located between the upper and lower support assemblies, a rotating shaft assembly passing through the support assembly and the adjustment and rotation assembly, and a snap-positioning component provided on the rotating shaft assembly; The rotating shaft assembly is fixed to the support assembly, and several sets of blades are movably connected to the end of the support assembly. A speed sensor is used to detect the rotation speed of the blades. The support assembly is provided with a connecting rod assembly, the two ends of which are movably connected to the inner side of the blade and the adjusting rotation assembly, respectively. Press down the locking and positioning component to disengage it from the adjusting and rotating assembly. Then rotate the adjusting and rotating assembly to achieve synchronous adjustment of several sets of blade angles through the connecting rod assembly. Afterward, release the locking and positioning component until it resets and locks with the adjusting and rotating assembly to fix the blades.

2. The airfoil dynamic aerodynamic characteristic testing device for vertical axis wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind tunnel duct is fixed on one side of the upper end of the base by a support, and the vertical axis wind turbine assembly is rotatably connected to the other side of the upper end of the base by a mounting base. The speed sensor is fixed on the upper side of the mounting base.

3. The airfoil dynamic aerodynamic characteristic testing device for vertical axis wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly includes a sleeve for rotatably connecting and adjusting the rotating component, and support arms evenly spaced on the outer side of the sleeve. The connecting rod assembly includes a U-shaped seat fixed to the inside of the blade, a T-shaped rod movably connected in the U-shaped seat by a first pin, and a movable rod sliding in a groove in the support arm. The outer end of the support arm is movably connected to the U-shaped seat by a second pin, and the outer end of the moving rod is movably connected to the inner end of the T-shaped rod by a third pin.

4. The airfoil dynamic aerodynamic characteristic testing device for vertical axis wind turbines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side of the support arm is also provided with a reserved groove that communicates with the outer end of the slide groove. The outer end of the moving rod is provided with a connecting ear that extends through the reserved groove. The inner end of the T-shaped rod is movably connected to the connecting ear through a third pin.

5. The airfoil dynamic aerodynamic characteristic testing device for vertical axis wind turbines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting rotation assembly includes a rotating column located between the upper and lower sets of sleeves and a rotating disk connected at both ends of the rotating column by connecting columns. The rotating disk is rotatably connected to the sleeve. Several sets of inclined grooves are provided at equal intervals on the rotating disk. The inner end of the moving rod is provided with a U-shaped groove that is locked on the side of the sleeve. The pin fixed in the U-shaped groove passes through the corresponding inclined groove.

6. The airfoil dynamic aerodynamic characteristic testing device for vertical axis wind turbines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating shaft assembly includes a rotating shaft, an upper end cover fixed to the top of the rotating shaft, and a lower end cover screwed to the bottom of the rotating shaft. The upper end cap is fixed to the top of the upper sleeve, and the lower end cap is fixed to the bottom of the lower sleeve; A shaft hole for passing through the rotating shaft is provided in the middle between the rotating column, the connecting column and the rotating disk.

7. The airfoil dynamic aerodynamic characteristic testing device for vertical axis wind turbines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shaft hole has slots at equal intervals around its middle sidewall; The rotating shaft is provided with a slot; The snap-fit ​​positioning component includes a rectangular plate inserted into the rotating shaft from the top and a rotating snap-fit ​​component movably connected in the slot; The rotating fastener includes a rotating cylinder movably connected to the slot via a fourth pin, a gear groove provided on the side of the rotating cylinder, and a fastener block fixed in the middle of the side of the rotating cylinder. A pressing plate is fixed to the top of the rectangular plate after it extends through the upper end cover. A reset spring is provided between the upper end cover and the pressing plate and is sleeved on the outside of the rectangular plate. The teeth on the bottom side of the rectangular plate mesh with the gear groove.

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