Industrial waste heat and chemical energy cascade coupling heat recovery device

Abstract

The application provides an industrial waste heat and chemical energy cascade coupling heat recovery device, relates to the technical field of industrial energy-saving facilities, and comprises a high-temperature reaction coupling unit, a medium-temperature catalytic heat exchange unit and a low-temperature waste heat utilization unit. The high-temperature reaction coupling unit comprises a fluidized bed type heat absorption reactor, the fluidized bed type heat absorption reactor is connected with a molten salt heat storage tank through a spiral heat pipe and transmits waste heat, the fluidized bed type heat absorption reactor is connected with a high-temperature waste heat gas inlet and a high-temperature waste heat gas outlet, the waste heat is classified and utilized, chemical reactions are coupled, and the energy grade is improved, a three-stage coupling mechanism of high-temperature waste heat driven heat absorption reaction, medium and low temperature heat participating in catalytic process and reaction heat release secondary utilization is adopted, the efficiency limit of traditional physical heat exchange is broken, and the problems of low waste heat boiler power generation recovery rate in industrial waste heat recovery, the difficulty of combining the heat absorption and release characteristics of chemical reactions in traditional heat exchangers to further improve the distribution and storage of waste heat are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial energy-saving facilities technology, and in particular to a cascade coupling heat recovery device for industrial waste heat and chemical energy. Background Technology

[0002] Heat recovery from industrial waste gas involves storing or directly converting the heat energy in high-temperature waste gas emitted during industrial production into usable energy, significantly improving energy efficiency, reducing resource waste, and ultimately saving energy and reducing carbon emissions. Currently, in industrial waste heat recovery, high-temperature waste heat above 500℃ is mostly discharged directly through water or air cooling, with only a few using waste heat boilers for power generation, resulting in low recovery rates. Medium- and low-temperature waste heat from waste gas (100℃-300℃) lacks effective utilization methods and is often directly discarded. Traditional heat exchangers achieve heat transfer through flowing media, which is not easily combined with the heat absorption and release characteristics of chemical reactions to further improve the distribution and storage of waste heat. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a cascade coupling heat recovery device for industrial waste heat and chemical energy, which solves the problems of low recovery rate of waste heat boiler power generation in industrial waste heat recovery and the difficulty of traditional heat exchangers to combine the heat absorption and release characteristics of chemical reactions to further improve the distribution and storage of waste heat.

[0004] This invention provides an industrial waste heat and chemical energy cascade coupling heat recovery device, specifically comprising: a high-temperature reaction coupling unit, a medium-temperature catalytic heat exchange unit, and a low-temperature waste heat utilization unit. The high-temperature reaction coupling unit includes a fluidized bed endothermic reactor, the walls of which are equipped with spiral heat pipes. The fluidized bed endothermic reactor is connected to a molten salt heat storage tank via the spiral heat pipes to transfer waste heat. The fluidized bed endothermic reactor is connected to a high-temperature waste heat gas inlet and a high-temperature waste heat gas outlet. The interior of the fluidized bed endothermic reactor is equipped with a waste heat gas swirl channel connecting the high-temperature waste heat gas inlet and outlet, and the waste heat gas swirl channel is filled with CaO and CaCO3 adsorbent particles. The medium-temperature catalytic heat exchange unit includes a series of... The reactor consists of a tubular fixed-bed reactor, a thermal oil circulation pump, and a preheating boiler water tank. The tubular fixed-bed reactor is connected to a medium-temperature waste heat exchanger tee inlet and a medium-temperature waste heat gas outlet. The internal structure of the tubular fixed-bed reactor includes a medium-temperature waste heat gas inlet chamber connected to the medium-temperature waste heat exchanger tee inlet, a medium-temperature waste heat gas outlet chamber connected to the medium-temperature waste heat gas outlet, a reactor shell side filled with thermal oil, and a reflux chamber. The reactor shell side is connected to the preheating boiler water tank via a circulation pipe and the thermal oil circulation pump. The reactor shell side is connected to the preheating boiler water tank via a pipe to enable the microencapsulated slurry to circulate between the plate phase change heat exchanger and the organic Rankine cycle unit to transfer waste heat. The medium-temperature waste heat gas outlet is connected to a low-temperature waste heat utilization unit via a pipe.

[0005] Furthermore, the tubular fixed-bed reactor has reactor tubes inserted inside, and the inner wall of the reactor tubes is coated with Cu and ZnO. The two outer ports of the tee inlet of the medium-temperature waste heat generator are respectively connected to the high-temperature waste heat outlet and the hydrogen injection device.

[0006] Furthermore, the low-temperature waste heat utilization unit includes a plate phase change heat exchanger and an ORC generator set connected to the plate phase change heat exchanger.

[0007] Furthermore, the plate phase change heat exchanger is connected to a flange via a low-temperature waste gas inlet and a medium-temperature waste heat gas outlet, and the plate phase change heat exchanger is connected to a waste gas treatment system via a low-temperature waste gas outlet and a flange.

[0008] Furthermore, the top and bottom of the waste heat gas cyclone channel are respectively fixedly connected to porous permeable plates, CaO and CaCO3 adsorbent particles are filled between the two porous permeable plates inside the waste heat gas cyclone channel, a spiral guide plate with a spiral structure is fixedly connected inside the waste heat gas cyclone channel, and the waste heat gas cyclone channel is lined with mullite ceramic.

[0009] Furthermore, the molten salt in the molten salt storage tank is a mixture of LiNO3 and KNO3.

[0010] Furthermore, the reactor shell side is provided with shell-side baffles arranged in an alternating pattern.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner wall of the reactor tube is provided with a microchannel flow structure, and the outer surface of the microchannel flow structure is also coated with Cu and ZnO.

[0012] Furthermore, the shell side of the plate phase change heat exchanger is connected to the low-temperature exhaust gas inlet and the low-temperature exhaust gas outlet, and the tube side of the plate phase change heat exchanger is filled with microencapsulated slurry, which is made by mixing paraffin-based phase change material PCM particles with silicone oil carrier liquid.

[0013] Furthermore, the ORC generator set consists of an organic Rankine cycle unit and a small generator. The organic Rankine cycle unit drives the small generator. The organic Rankine cycle unit is connected to the tube side of the plate phase change heat exchanger via a pipe and a spiral pump, thereby realizing the circulation of the microencapsulated slurry between the plate phase change heat exchanger and the organic Rankine cycle unit.

[0014] This invention provides a cascade coupling heat recovery device for industrial waste heat and chemical energy, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The industrial waste heat recovery device of this invention is a multi-stage heat recovery device formed by combining a high-temperature reaction coupling unit, a medium-temperature catalytic heat exchange unit, and a low-temperature waste heat utilization unit. It recovers waste heat from high-temperature waste heat gas, medium-temperature waste heat gas, and low-temperature waste heat gas respectively, and sets up heat storage devices and heat utilization equipment with corresponding storage efficiency to store or apply the recovered waste heat. It recovers waste heat gas at multiple different stages and temperatures, effectively increasing the temperature range of recoverable waste heat gas and reducing heat loss in waste heat gas. This heat recovery device integrates "graded utilization of waste heat, chemical reaction coupling, and energy grade improvement" into one. Through a three-stage coupling mechanism of high-temperature waste heat driving endothermic reaction, medium and low temperature heat participating in catalytic process, and reaction exothermic secondary utilization, it breaks through the efficiency limit of traditional physical heat exchange.

[0016] Furthermore, CaO and CaCO3 adsorbent particles are added to the high-temperature reaction coupling unit. When waste heat gas is injected through the high-temperature waste heat gas inlet and moves upward spirally inside the waste heat gas swirl channel, the heat in the waste heat gas heats the fluidized bed endothermic reactor and the spiral heat pipe. The waste heat is then transferred to the molten salt storage tank through the spiral heat pipe, where it is stored by the molten salt inside, thus achieving heat collection. Simultaneously, when carbon dioxide in the waste heat gas passes through CaO and CaCO3, according to the principle of chemical reaction, the CaO inside the waste heat gas swirl channel generates CaCO3 under the action of chemical reaction and absorbs a large amount of heat. The generation of CaCO3 not only achieves the synergy of CO2 emission reduction and waste heat recovery, but also optimizes energy utilization efficiency through a chemical energy storage mechanism. This provides an environmentally friendly and economical solution for industrial high-temperature waste gas treatment. The spiral heat pipe has high heat transfer efficiency and does not require a mechanical pump, while the molten salt has high heat storage density and is suitable for high-temperature storage.

[0017] Furthermore, through the action of the medium-temperature catalytic heat exchange unit, the medium-temperature waste heat of 300℃-400℃ can be recovered and utilized. Waste heat gas is injected into the medium-temperature waste heat inlet chamber through the three-way inlet of the medium-temperature waste heat heater, then passes through the tubes connected to the medium-temperature waste heat inlet chamber. The heat transfer oil inside the reactor shell is heated through the reactor tubes, and then flows into the heat exchange tubes inside the preheating boiler water tank through the heat transfer oil circulation pump. The heat transfer oil circulates within the reactor shell and the heat exchange tubes of the heat transfer oil circulation pump, thus preheating the water inside the boiler water tank through the interaction of the heat transfer oil and the heat exchange tubes. It is used to preheat boiler feedwater, reduce external energy demand, improve the overall energy efficiency of the system, and realize the reuse of heat. At the same time, as carbon dioxide and hydrogen in the waste heat gas mix and come into contact with Cu and ZnO on the inner wall of the reactor tube, carbon dioxide and hydrogen generate CH3OH and H2O. Through this catalytic reaction, CO2 in industrial waste gas is converted into methanol, realizing the utilization of carbon resources and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Methanol, as a high-value-added chemical raw material, improves the economics of the process. The exothermic reaction balances the waste heat input in the tube, maintains the reactor temperature stability, and avoids catalyst deactivation due to overheating.

[0018] In addition, the low-temperature waste heat utilization unit recovers and utilizes the heat in the 100℃-200℃ low-temperature waste gas flowing out of the medium-temperature catalytic heat exchange unit. The low-temperature waste heat gas is injected into a plate phase change heat exchanger to heat the microencapsulated slurry made by mixing paraffin-based phase change material PCM particles with silicone oil carrier liquid inside the plate phase change heat exchanger. The heated microencapsulated slurry is driven by a screw pump to circulate between the plate phase change heat exchanger and the organic Rankine cycle unit, providing heat to the organic Rankine cycle unit. The organic Rankine cycle unit drives a small generator to generate electricity, converting the low-temperature waste heat into electrical energy. During the heat absorption and melting process of paraffin, a certain amount of heat is stored. When the heat of the waste gas injected into the plate phase change heat exchanger decreases, the paraffin solidifies and releases heat, which can continuously heat the microencapsulated slurry. By storing and releasing heat through the phase change material, the organic Rankine cycle unit can be continuously provided with thermal energy, achieving a stable output of electrical energy. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0020] The accompanying drawings described below are only related to some embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0021] In the attached diagram:

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application is shown;

[0023] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram following this application is shown;

[0024] Figure 3 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fluidized bed endothermic reactor of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the high-temperature reaction coupling unit of this application is shown;

[0026] Figure 5 This application shows Figure 4 Front view structural diagram;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the medium-temperature catalytic heat exchange unit in this application is shown;

[0028] Figure 7 This application shows Figure 6 Front view structural diagram;

[0029] Figure 8 This application shows Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the right-side view structure;

[0030] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the low-temperature waste heat utilization unit of this application is shown;

[0031] Figure 10 This application shows Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0032] Figure label:

[0033] 1. Fluidized bed endothermic reactor; 101. High-temperature waste heat gas inlet; 102. Waste heat gas swirl channel; 103. Spiral guide plate; 104. Porous permeable plate; 105. High-temperature waste heat gas outlet; 2. Spiral heat pipe; 3. Molten salt thermal storage tank; 4. Tubular fixed bed reactor; 401. Medium-temperature waste heat gas inlet; 402. Medium-temperature waste heat gas outlet; 403. Reactor shell side; 404. Reflux chamber; 405. Reactor tube side; 406. Microchannel flow structure; 407. Medium-temperature waste heat exchanger tee inlet; 408. Medium-temperature waste heat gas outlet; 409. Shell-side guide plate; 5. Thermal oil circulation pump; 6. Preheating boiler water tank; 7. Plate phase change heat exchanger; 701. Low-temperature waste gas inlet; 702. Low-temperature waste gas outlet; 8. Organic Rankine cycle unit; 9. Small generator. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 10 :

[0036] This invention proposes a cascaded coupling heat recovery device for industrial waste heat and chemical energy, comprising: a high-temperature reaction coupling unit, a medium-temperature catalytic heat exchange unit, and a low-temperature waste heat utilization unit. The high-temperature reaction coupling unit includes a fluidized bed endothermic reactor 1, with a spiral heat pipe 2 installed inside the wall of the fluidized bed endothermic reactor 1. The fluidized bed endothermic reactor 1 is connected to a molten salt heat storage tank 3 via the spiral heat pipe 2 to transfer waste heat. The fluidized bed endothermic reactor 1 is connected to a high-temperature waste heat gas inlet 101 and a high-temperature waste heat gas outlet 105. The fluidized bed endothermic reactor 1 has a waste heat gas cyclone channel 102 inside, connecting the high-temperature waste heat gas inlet 101 and the high-temperature waste heat gas outlet 105, through which the waste heat gas cyclones. The interior of channel 102 is filled with CaO and CaCO3 adsorbent particles; the medium-temperature catalytic heat exchange unit includes a tubular fixed-bed reactor 4, a heat transfer oil circulation pump 5, and a preheating boiler water tank 6. The tubular fixed-bed reactor 4 is connected to a medium-temperature waste heat exchanger tee inlet 407 and a medium-temperature waste heat gas outlet 408. The tubular fixed-bed reactor 4 is internally equipped with a medium-temperature waste heat gas inlet chamber 401 connected to the medium-temperature waste heat exchanger tee inlet 407, a medium-temperature waste heat gas outlet chamber 402 connected to the medium-temperature waste heat gas outlet 408, a reactor shell side 403 filled with heat transfer oil, and a reflux chamber 404. The reactor shell side 403 is connected to the heat transfer oil circulation pump 5 via a circulation pipe to preheat the boiler water tank. The reactor shell side 403 is connected to the heat transfer oil circulation pump 5 via a pipeline to the preheating boiler water tank 6, enabling the microencapsulated slurry to circulate between the plate phase change heat exchanger 7 and the organic Rankine cycle unit 8 to transfer waste heat. The medium-temperature waste heat gas outlet 408 is connected to the low-temperature waste heat utilization unit via a pipeline. In the high-temperature reaction coupling unit, CaO and CaCO3 adsorbent particles are added. When waste heat gas is injected through the high-temperature waste heat gas inlet 101 and moves upward spirally inside the waste heat gas swirl channel 102, the heat in the waste heat gas heats the fluidized bed endothermic reactor 1 and the spiral heat pipe 2. The waste heat is then transferred to the molten salt storage tank 3 through the spiral heat pipe 2. Molten salt is stored inside the heat storage tank 3 to collect heat. At the same time, when carbon dioxide in the waste heat gas passes through CaO and CaCO3, according to the principle of chemical reaction, the CaO inside the waste heat gas swirl channel 102 is converted into CaCO3 under the action of chemical reaction and absorbs a large amount of heat. The generation of CaCO3 not only realizes the synergy of CO2 emission reduction and waste heat recovery, but also optimizes energy utilization efficiency through chemical energy storage mechanism. It provides an environmentally friendly and economical solution for industrial high-temperature waste gas treatment. The spiral heat pipe has high heat transfer efficiency and does not require a mechanical pump. The molten salt in the molten salt heat storage tank 3 is a mixture of LiNO3-KNO3 with high heat storage density, which can store heat at high temperatures.

[0037] In this embodiment, a reactor tube 405 is inserted inside the tubular fixed-bed reactor 4. The inner wall of the reactor tube 405 is coated with Cu and ZnO. The two outer ports of the intermediate-temperature waste heat exchanger tee inlet 407 are connected to the high-temperature waste heat outlet 105 and the hydrogen injection device, respectively. Shell-side guide plates 409 are distributed inside the reactor shell 403 in a staggered arrangement. A micro-channel flow structure 406 is formed on the inner wall of the reactor tube 405, and the outer surface of the micro-channel flow structure 406 is also coated with Cu and ZnO. Through the action of the intermediate-temperature catalytic heat exchange unit, the intermediate-temperature waste heat of 300℃-400℃ can be recovered and utilized. After the waste heat gas is injected into the intermediate-temperature waste heat inlet 401 through the intermediate-temperature waste heat exchanger tee inlet 407, it passes through the intermediate-temperature waste heat inlet 401. The tube side connected to 01 heats the heat transfer oil inside the reactor shell side 403 through the reactor tube side 405. The heat transfer oil is then circulated into the heat exchange tubes inside the preheating boiler water tank 6 by the heat transfer oil circulation pump 5. The heat transfer oil circulates within the reactor shell side 403 and the heat exchange tubes of the heat transfer oil circulation pump 5. The heat transfer oil and the heat exchange tubes work together to preheat the water inside the boiler water tank 6, which is used to preheat the boiler feedwater, reducing the external energy supply demand, improving the overall energy efficiency of the system, and realizing the reuse of heat. At the same time, as carbon dioxide and hydrogen in the waste heat gas mix and come into contact with Cu and ZnO on the inner wall of the reactor tube side 405, carbon dioxide and hydrogen generate CH3OH and H2O. Through this catalytic reaction, CO2 in industrial waste gas is converted into methanol, realizing the utilization of carbon resources and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

[0038] In this embodiment, porous permeable plates 104 are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the waste heat gas cyclone channel 102, respectively. CaO and CaCO3 adsorbent particles are filled between the two porous permeable plates 104 inside the waste heat gas cyclone channel 102. A spiral guide plate 103 with a spiral structure is fixedly connected inside the waste heat gas cyclone channel 102. The waste heat gas cyclone channel 102 is lined with mullite ceramic. The porous permeable plates 104 store the CaO and CaCO3 adsorbent particles, so that the waste gas passing through the waste heat gas cyclone channel 102 passes through CaO more evenly.

[0039] In Example 2, based on Example 1, the shell side of the plate phase change heat exchanger 7 is connected to the low-temperature waste gas inlet 701 and the low-temperature waste gas outlet 702. The tube side of the plate phase change heat exchanger 7 is filled with microencapsulated slurry, which is a mixture of paraffin-based phase change material PCM particles and silicone oil carrier liquid. The ORC generator set consists of an organic Rankine cycle unit 8 and a small generator 9. The organic Rankine cycle unit 8 drives the small generator 9. The organic Rankine cycle unit 8 is connected to the tube side of the plate phase change heat exchanger 7 through a pipe and a screw pump, realizing the circulation of the microencapsulated slurry between the plate phase change heat exchanger 7 and the organic Rankine cycle unit 8. The low-temperature waste heat utilization unit includes the plate phase change heat exchanger 7 and the ORC generator set connected to the plate phase change heat exchanger 7. The plate phase change heat exchanger 7 is connected to the medium-temperature waste heat outlet 408 through the low-temperature waste gas inlet 701 and a flange. The device 7 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment system via a low-temperature exhaust gas outlet 702 and a flange. Low-temperature waste heat gas is injected into the plate phase change heat exchanger 7 via a medium-temperature waste heat gas outlet 408 and a low-temperature exhaust gas inlet 701. This heats the microencapsulated slurry made by mixing paraffin-based phase change material PCM particles with silicone oil carrier liquid inside the plate phase change heat exchanger 7. The heated microencapsulated slurry is then circulated between the plate phase change heat exchanger 7 and the organic Rankine cycle unit 8 by a screw pump, providing heat to the organic Rankine cycle unit 8. The organic Rankine cycle unit 8 then drives a small generator 9 to generate electricity, converting the low-temperature waste heat into electrical energy. During the heat absorption and melting process of the paraffin-based material, a certain amount of heat is stored. When the heat of the exhaust gas injected into the plate phase change heat exchanger 7 decreases, the paraffin-based material solidifies and releases heat, which can continuously heat the microencapsulated slurry. By storing and releasing heat through the phase change material, the organic Rankine cycle unit 8 can be continuously provided with thermal energy.

[0040] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: High-temperature waste heat gas is injected into the waste heat gas swirl channel 102 through the high-temperature waste heat gas inlet 101. During the upward spiral movement along the inside of the waste heat gas swirl channel 102, the heat in the waste heat gas heats the fluidized bed endothermic reactor 1 and the spiral heat pipe 2. The waste heat is then transported to the molten salt storage tank 3 through the spiral heat pipe 2, where it is stored by the molten salt inside the molten salt storage tank 3, thus achieving heat collection. At the same time, when carbon dioxide in the waste heat gas passes through CaO and CaCO3, according to the principle of chemical reaction, the CaO inside the waste heat gas swirl channel 102 is converted into CaCO3 under the action of chemical reaction and absorbs a large amount of heat. The generated CaCO3 not only... This system achieves synergy between CO2 emission reduction and waste heat recovery, and optimizes energy utilization efficiency through a chemical energy storage mechanism. Waste gas exiting the high-temperature waste heat outlet 105 enters the tubular fixed-bed reactor 4 through the medium-temperature waste heat exchanger tee inlet 407. Simultaneously, hydrogen is injected into the tubular fixed-bed reactor 4 through the medium-temperature waste heat exchanger tee inlet 407. After the waste heat gas enters the medium-temperature waste heat gas inlet chamber 401 through the medium-temperature waste heat exchanger tee inlet 407, it passes through the tubes connected to the medium-temperature waste heat gas inlet chamber 401, and heats the heat transfer oil inside the reactor shell side 403 through the reactor tube side 405. The heat transfer oil is then circulated into the preheating boiler water tank 6 by the heat transfer oil circulation pump 5. The heat exchange tubes allow the heat transfer oil to circulate within the reactor shell side 403 and the heat exchange tubes of the heat transfer oil circulation pump 5. The heat transfer oil, in conjunction with the heat exchange tubes, preheats the water inside the boiler water tank 6 for preheating boiler feedwater. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen in the waste heat gas mix and contact the Cu and ZnO on the inner wall of the reactor tube side 405, causing the carbon dioxide and hydrogen to generate CH3OH and H2O. This catalytic reaction converts CO2 in the industrial waste gas into methanol, achieving carbon resource utilization and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Low-temperature waste heat gas is injected into the plate phase change heat exchanger 7 through the medium-temperature waste heat gas outlet 408 and the low-temperature waste gas inlet 701, heating the paraffin-based phase inside the plate phase change heat exchanger 7. Microencapsulated slurry, made by mixing PCM particles with silicone oil carrier fluid, is circulated between a plate phase change heat exchanger 7 and an organic Rankine cycle unit 8 via a spiral pump after being heated. This provides heat to the organic Rankine cycle unit 8, which in turn drives a small generator 9 to generate electricity, converting low-temperature waste heat into electrical energy. Paraffin-based materials store heat during the endothermic melting process. When the heat of the waste gas injected into the plate phase change heat exchanger 7 decreases, the paraffin-based materials solidify and release heat, continuously heating the microencapsulated slurry. By storing and releasing heat through the phase change material, the organic Rankine cycle unit 8 is continuously provided with thermal energy, continuously driving the small generator 9 to generate electricity.

[0041] The following points should be noted in this article:

[0042] 1. The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed herein only relate to the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed herein; other structures can be referred to in a general design.

[0043] 2. Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0044] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An industrial waste heat and chemical energy cascade coupling heat recovery device, comprising: A high-temperature reaction coupling unit, a medium-temperature catalytic heat exchange unit, and a low-temperature waste heat utilization unit are characterized in that the high-temperature reaction coupling unit includes a fluidized bed endothermic reactor (1), the fluidized bed endothermic reactor (1) is provided with a spiral heat pipe (2) in its wall, the fluidized bed endothermic reactor (1) is connected to a molten salt heat storage tank (3) through the spiral heat pipe (2) and transfers waste heat, the fluidized bed endothermic reactor (1) is connected to a high-temperature waste heat gas inlet (101) and a high-temperature waste heat gas outlet (105), the fluidized bed endothermic reactor (1) is provided with a waste heat gas swirl channel (102) connecting the high-temperature waste heat gas inlet (101) and the high-temperature waste heat gas outlet (105), the waste heat gas swirl channel (102) is filled with CaO and CaCO3 particles; the medium-temperature catalytic heat exchange unit includes a fluidized bed endothermic reactor (102), the fluidized bed endothermic reactor (102) is provided with a spiral heat pipe (2) connecting the high-temperature waste heat gas inlet (101) and the high-temperature waste heat gas outlet (105); ... fluidized bed endothermic reactor (102) is provided with a spiral heat pipe (2) connecting the high-temperature waste heat gas inlet (101) and the high-temperature waste heat gas outlet (105); the fluidized bed endothermic reactor (102) is provided with a spiral heat gas swirl channel (102) and fills the waste heat gas swirl channel ( The heat exchange unit includes a tubular fixed bed reactor (4), a thermal oil circulation pump (5), and a preheating boiler water tank (6). The tubular fixed bed reactor (4) is connected to a medium-temperature waste heat generator tee inlet (407) and a medium-temperature waste heat outlet (408). The tubular fixed bed reactor (4) is provided with a medium-temperature waste heat inlet chamber (401) connected to the medium-temperature waste heat generator tee inlet (407), a medium-temperature waste heat outlet chamber (402) connected to the medium-temperature waste heat outlet (408), a reactor shell side (403) filled with thermal oil, and a reflux chamber (404). The reactor shell side (403) is connected to the preheating boiler water tank (6) through a circulation pipe to the thermal oil circulation pump (5). The medium-temperature waste heat outlet (408) is connected to a low-temperature waste heat utilization unit through a pipe.

2. The industrial waste heat and chemical energy cascade coupling heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tubular fixed bed reactor (4) has a reactor tube (405) inserted inside. The inner wall of the reactor tube (405) is coated with Cu and ZnO. The two outer ports of the three-way inlet (407) of the medium-temperature waste heat generator are respectively connected to the high-temperature waste heat outlet (105) and the hydrogen injection device.

3. The industrial waste heat and chemical energy cascade coupling heat recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The low-temperature waste heat utilization unit includes a plate phase change heat exchanger (7) and an ORC generator set connected to the plate phase change heat exchanger (7).

4. The industrial waste heat and chemical energy cascade coupling heat recovery device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plate phase change heat exchanger (7) is connected to the flange via a low-temperature waste gas inlet (701) and a medium-temperature waste heat gas outlet (408). The plate phase change heat exchanger (7) is connected to the flange via a low-temperature waste gas outlet (702) and a waste gas treatment system.

5. The industrial waste heat and chemical energy cascade coupling heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top and bottom of the waste heat gas cyclone channel (102) are respectively fixedly connected to porous permeable plates (104). CaO and CaCO3 adsorbent particles are filled between the two porous permeable plates (104) inside the waste heat gas cyclone channel (102). A spiral guide plate (103) with a spiral structure is fixedly connected inside the waste heat gas cyclone channel (102). The waste heat gas cyclone channel (102) is lined with mullite ceramic.

6. The industrial waste heat and chemical energy cascade coupling heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molten salt in the molten salt storage tank (3) is a mixture of LiNO3 and KNO3.

7. The industrial waste heat and chemical energy cascade coupling heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor shell side (403) is provided with shell side guide plates (409) arranged in an alternating pattern.

8. The industrial waste heat and chemical energy cascade coupling heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the reactor tube (405) is provided with a microchannel flow structure (406), and the outer surface of the microchannel flow structure (406) is also coated with Cu and ZnO.

9. The industrial waste heat and chemical energy cascade coupling heat recovery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shell side of the plate phase change heat exchanger (7) is connected to the low-temperature exhaust gas inlet (701) and the low-temperature exhaust gas outlet (702). The tube side of the plate phase change heat exchanger (7) is filled with microencapsulated slurry, which is made by mixing paraffin-based phase change material PCM particles with silicone oil carrier liquid.

10. The industrial waste heat and chemical energy cascade coupling heat recovery device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The ORC generator set consists of an organic Rankine cycle unit (8) and a small generator (9). The organic Rankine cycle unit (8) drives the small generator (9). The organic Rankine cycle unit (8) is connected to the tube side of the plate phase change heat exchanger (7) through a pipe and a spiral pump, and realizes the circulation of microencapsulated slurry between the plate phase change heat exchanger (7) and the organic Rankine cycle unit (8).

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