Anti-icing self-supporting layer-stranded optical cable and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-icing self-supporting layer-stranded optical cable and a preparation method thereof, and the cross section of the anti-icing self-supporting layer-stranded optical cable is rhombic, and the anti-icing self-supporting layer-stranded optical cable comprises a cable core which is of a layer-stranded structure; the outer coating layer is coated outside the cable core; the reinforcers are arranged at corners of the cross section of the optical cable; and the nylon protective layer is coated outside the outer coating layer and the reinforcing piece. According to the invention, the rhombic cross section is matched with the nylon protection layer, so that the icing adhesion area is reduced, the ice layer is promoted to crack and fall off, the aerodynamic effect is achieved, and the low surface energy and smoothness, the weak ice layer binding force and the weather resistance are maintained; the rhombic structure reduces the icing opportunity and accelerates deicing, the nylon protection layer reduces the bonding strength of water and an ice layer, and the nylon protection layer and the water layer jointly achieve the anti-icing function of preventing adhesion and falling off easily; whether the all-dielectric nonmetal optical cable is manufactured or not can be selected according to requirements, and the practical value is higher; and the overall structure is simple, the design is ingenious, the preparation cost is low, the toughness and reliability of a communication network are improved, and the popularization and application value is high.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of optical cables, and particularly relates to an anti-icing self-support layer stranded optical cable and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a low-temperature environment of-5 DEG C to 0 DEG C, when the surface of the optical cable contacts fog, drizzle or freezing rain, a complex ice layer of glaze, mixed rime or rime will be formed, which will increase the weight of the optical cable (5mm ice layer can increase the weight of the conductor by 30%), cause the increase of sag, dancing or even the breakage of the optical cable. The early optical cable relies on metal structure to enhance the tensile resistance, but has the following disadvantages: the metal parts are prone to corrosion and cannot actively prevent icing; manual deicing has low efficiency and high risk of high-altitude operation; passive protection coating (such as fluorocarbon paint) can only delay icing and cannot completely solve the problem of ice accumulation. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the problems in the prior art, the purpose of the application is to provide an anti-icing self-support layer stranded optical cable and a preparation method thereof.

[0004] To achieve the above purposes and achieve the above technical effects, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: An anti-icing self-support layer stranded optical cable, the cross section of the anti-icing self-support layer stranded optical cable is in a rhombus shape, and comprises: a cable core in a layer-stranded structure; an outer cladding layer covering the outside of the cable core; a reinforcing member arranged at the corner of the cross section of the optical cable; a nylon protective layer covering the outside of the outer cladding layer and the reinforcing member.

[0005] Further, the cable core comprises a central reinforcing member at a central position and a plurality of optical fiber units and a plurality of filling ropes stranded around the periphery of the central reinforcing member, each optical fiber unit comprises a PBT tube and a plurality of optical fibers arranged in the PBT tube and optical fiber paste filled in the gap between the optical fibers, and the gap of the cable core is filled with water-blocking paste.

[0006] Further, the outer cladding layer adopts a metal belt or a non-metal belt.

[0007] Further, when the anti-icing self-support layer stranded optical cable is a full-dielectric non-metal optical cable, the outer cladding layer adopts a non-metal belt, and the reinforcing member and the central reinforcing member in the cable core both adopt GFRP non-metal rods.

[0008] Further, the reinforcing member comprises four corner reinforcing members arranged at the four corners of the cross section of the optical cable.

[0009] Further, the distance between the corner reinforcing member and the adjacent two side walls is 0.8-1.2mm.

[0010] Further, the inner angle of the rhombic section of the anti-icing self-supporting layer stranded optical cable ranges from 60° to 120°.

[0011] Further, the raw materials for preparing the nylon protective layer include the following components in the following weight proportions: 80-95 parts of base resin 3-15 parts of super-hydrophobic composite modifier 1-5 parts of light-heat conversion agent 0.5-2 parts of auxiliary agent The auxiliary agent includes an antioxidant and an ultraviolet stabilizer, and the weight ratio of the two is 1-2:1.

[0012] The application further discloses a preparation method of the anti-icing self-supporting layer stranded optical cable, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a cable core; 2) coating an outer coating layer outside the cable core; 3) placing one angle reinforcing member at each of the four corners of the section of the optical cable, and ensuring that the distance between the angle reinforcing member and the adjacent two side walls is 0.8-1.2 mm; 4) co-extruding a nylon protective layer outside the outer coating layer and the angle reinforcing members through an extrusion die to form a rhombic section; 5) cooling and shaping, and thus obtaining the required anti-icing self-supporting layer stranded optical cable.

[0013] Further, in step 4), the nylon protective layer is prepared by the following steps: a) premixing of the super-hydrophobic composite modifier The organic silicon-acrylate core-shell microspheres are vacuum dried at 70-90°C for 3-5 hours; then the dried organic silicon-acrylate core-shell microspheres, fluorinated silicon dioxide nanoparticles and a dispersing agent are added into a high-speed mixer and uniformly mixed at a speed of 2000-3000 rpm for 5-10 minutes; The weight ratio of the organic silicon-acrylate core-shell microspheres, the fluorinated silicon dioxide nanoparticles and the dispersing agent is 1-4:1-2:0.05-2. b) pretreatment of the light-heat conversion agent The light-heat conversion agent is dried at 100-120°C for 6-8 hours, sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to ensure that there is no caking, and thus dry and loose powder is obtained; c) 60-80% of the total amount of base resin is added from the main feeding port of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder, the premixed powder, the light-heat conversion agent and the auxiliary agent are uniformly mixed and added from the side feeding port of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder, and after being uniformly melted, sheared and mixed, the mixture is extruded through a die, cooled in a water tank, dried by blowing and finally cut into uniform-sized master batches by a granulator; d) mixing the master batch with the remaining base resin, and tightly coating the outside of the outer coating layer and the angle reinforcing member through an extrusion die, with an extrusion temperature of 200-250 DEG C, an extrusion pressure of 5-15 MPa, and cooling and setting.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: The application discloses an anti-icing self-supporting layer stranded optical cable and a preparation method thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present application will be described in detail below, so that the advantages and features of the present application can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, and the protection scope of the present application can be more clearly and explicitly defined.

[0017] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

[0018] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 The present application discloses an anti-icing self-supporting layer stranded optical cable, which has a rhombic cross section and comprises: The cable core 1 has a layer-stranded structure. The outer coating layer 2 is coated outside the cable core 1 and is made of a metal band or a non-metal band. The reinforcing member comprises four angle reinforcing members 3 arranged at four corners of the cross section of the optical cable. The nylon protective layer 4 is coated outside the outer coating layer 2 and the reinforcing member. Among them, the rhomboid cross-section combined with the nylon protective layer 4 reduces the area of ​​ice adhesion (the angular design makes it difficult for water droplets to accumulate on the surface, and a continuous ice layer cannot be formed in the initial icing stage, reducing the ice thickness), promotes the cracking and detachment of the ice layer (the ice layer at the angular corners is prone to stress concentration, and when subjected to temperature changes or wind, the ice layer breaks from the weak angular corners and falls off under its own weight or wind load), achieves aerodynamic effects (the asymmetric cross-section enhances the surface airflow speed, reduces the probability of water droplet impact, and at the same time, wind-induced vibration accelerates the peeling of the already iced layer), low surface energy and smoothness (the nylon protective layer 4 has a smooth surface and low surface energy, the water droplet contact angle is large, it is not easy to wet and adhere, and the ice anchoring effect is reduced), weak ice layer bonding force (the bonding force between the material and the ice layer interface is weak, the ice layer adhesion force is low, and it is easy to fall off under the action of external force), and maintains weather resistance (it maintains flexibility at low temperatures, the surface is not easy to age and roughen after long-term use, and it continuously maintains the low surface energy characteristics to ensure the anti-icing effect is long-lasting). The rhomboid structure reduces the chance of icing and accelerates de-icing, while the nylon sheath 4 reduces the bonding strength between water and ice. Together, they achieve the anti-icing function of "anti-adhesion and easy de-icing".

[0019] In some embodiments, the cable core 1 includes a central reinforcing member 5 located at the center and several optical fiber units and several filler ropes 6 twisted around the central reinforcing member 5. Each optical fiber unit includes a PBT bundle tube 7 and several optical fibers 8 disposed therein and fiber grease 9 filling the gaps between the optical fibers 8. Water-blocking grease 10 is filled in the gaps of the cable core 1.

[0020] In some embodiments, when the anti-icing self-supporting stranded optical cable disclosed in this invention is an all-dielectric non-metallic optical cable, the outer sheath 2 is made of non-metallic tape, and the four corner reinforcing members and the central reinforcing member 5 in the cable core 1 are all made of GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic) non-metallic rods. The glass fiber content of the GFRP non-metallic rods is 60-80%, and the resin matrix is ​​epoxy resin or polyester resin.

[0021] In some embodiments, the interior angle of the rhomboid cross-section ranges from 60° to 120°, preferably from 80° to 100°.

[0022] In some embodiments, the corner reinforcement 3 is 0.8-1.2 mm away from the wall thickness of the adjacent two sides, preferably 1 mm.

[0023] In some embodiments, the thickness of the nylon sheath 4 is 0.5-2 mm, preferably 1-1.5 mm.

[0024] In some embodiments, the raw materials for preparing the nylon sheath 4 include the following components in parts by weight: 80-95 parts of matrix resin, which is polyamide 12 or polyamide 11; 3-15 parts of superhydrophobic composite modifier; 1-5 parts of photothermal conversion agent; Additives: 0.5-2 parts; The additives include antioxidants and UV stabilizers, with a weight ratio of 1-2:1.

[0025] In some embodiments, the nylon sheath 4 is prepared using the following steps: a) Premixing of superhydrophobic composite modifier The silicone-acrylate core-shell microspheres were vacuum dried at 70-90℃ for 3-5 hours to remove trace amounts of moisture. Then, the dried silicone-acrylate core-shell microspheres, fluorinated silica nanoparticles, and dispersant were added to a high-speed mixer and mixed at 2000-3000 rpm for 5-10 minutes. This process allowed the nanoparticles to be fully wetted and coated by the dispersant and to initially combine with the silicone-acrylate core-shell microspheres to form a premixed powder with good flowability. This process can effectively prevent the agglomeration of nanoparticles during subsequent extrusion. In this step, the weight ratio of organosilicon-acrylate core-shell microspheres, fluorinated silica nanoparticles and dispersant is 1-4:1-2:0.05-2; Organosilicon-acrylate core-shell microspheres are made by seed emulsion polymerization. The core idea is to first synthesize organosilicon "seeds" (cores) and then polymerize acrylate "shells". They can also be purchased directly from the market. Fluorinated silica nanoparticles are produced by fluorination modification of silica and can also be purchased directly from the market. b) Pretreatment of photothermal conversion agent The photothermal conversion agent is dried at 100-120℃ for 6-8 hours and then sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to ensure no lumps are formed, resulting in a dry and loose powder. c) Add 60-80% of the matrix resin from the main feed port of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder (L / D ratio ≥ 40:1). Mix the premixed powder, photothermal conversion agent and additives evenly and add them from the side feed port of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder (L / D ratio ≥ 40:1). After melting, shearing and mixing evenly, the mixture is extruded through the die, cooled in a water tank, dried, and finally cut into uniformly sized masterbatches by a pelletizer. d) Mix the masterbatch with the remaining matrix resin, and then tightly wrap it around the outer coating layer 2 and the corner reinforcement 3 through an extrusion die. The extrusion temperature is 200-250℃ and the extrusion pressure is 5-15MPa. Cool and set.

[0026] This invention also discloses a method for preparing an anti-icing self-supporting stranded optical cable, comprising the following steps: 1) Preparation of stranded cable core 1: To prepare optical fiber units, several optical fiber units and several filler ropes 6 are twisted together around the periphery of the central reinforcing member 5, with a twisting pitch of 150-300mm, using SZ twisting. 2) Cover the outside of the cable core 1 with an outer sheath layer 2; 3) Place a corner reinforcement 3 at each of the four corners of the optical cable cross-section, ensuring that the corner reinforcement 3 is 0.8-1.2mm away from the wall thickness of the adjacent two sides; 4) A rhomboid cross-section is formed by co-extruding a nylon sheath 4 on the outside of the outer covering layer 2 and the corner reinforcement 3 using an extrusion die; 5) Cooling and shaping will produce the required anti-icing self-supporting stranded optical cable.

[0027] In step 4), the die opening of the extrusion die is a rhombus structure, and its inner angle is consistent with the inner angle of the rhombus cross section; the extrusion temperature is 200-250℃, and the extrusion pressure is 5-15MPa.

[0028] In step 5), segmented warm water cooling is used (the first segment has a water temperature of 40-50℃, and the second segment has a water temperature of 20-30℃) to prevent excessive internal stress and cross-sectional deformation caused by rapid cooling.

[0029] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, an anti-icing self-supporting stranded optical cable has a rhomboid cross-section with an interior angle of 80°, comprising: Cable core 1 has a stranded structure; Outer sheath 2, covering the outside of cable core 1; The reinforcing members include four corner reinforcing members 3, which are respectively installed at the four corners of the optical cable cross section. The corner reinforcing members 3 are 1mm thick from the adjacent two side walls. Nylon sheath 4, covering the outer covering layer 2 and the outside of the reinforcing member, has a thickness of 1mm; Among them, the rhomboid cross-section combined with the nylon protective layer 4 reduces the area of ​​ice adhesion (the angular design makes it difficult for water droplets to accumulate on the surface, and a continuous ice layer cannot be formed in the initial icing stage, reducing the ice thickness), promotes the cracking and detachment of the ice layer (the ice layer at the angular corners is prone to stress concentration, and when subjected to temperature changes or wind, the ice layer breaks from the weak angular corners and falls off under its own weight or wind load), achieves aerodynamic effects (the asymmetric cross-section enhances the surface airflow speed, reduces the probability of water droplet impact, and at the same time, wind-induced vibration accelerates the peeling of the already iced layer), low surface energy and smoothness (the nylon protective layer 4 has a smooth surface and low surface energy, the water droplet contact angle is large, it is not easy to wet and adhere, and the ice anchoring effect is reduced), weak ice layer bonding force (the bonding force between the material and the ice layer interface is weak, the ice layer adhesion force is low, and it is easy to fall off under the action of external force), and maintains weather resistance (it maintains flexibility at low temperatures, the surface is not easy to age and roughen after long-term use, and it continuously maintains the low surface energy characteristics to ensure the anti-icing effect is long-lasting). The rhomboid structure reduces the chance of icing and accelerates de-icing, while the nylon sheath 4 reduces the bonding strength between water and ice. Together, they achieve the anti-icing function of "anti-adhesion and easy de-icing".

[0030] The anti-icing self-supporting stranded optical cable disclosed in this embodiment is an all-dielectric non-metallic optical cable. The outer sheath 2 is made of non-metallic tape, and the four corner reinforcing members and the central reinforcing member 5 in the cable core 1 are all made of GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic) non-metallic rods. The glass fiber content of the GFRP non-metallic rods is 60%, and the resin matrix is ​​epoxy resin.

[0031] In this embodiment, the cable core 1 includes a central reinforcing member 5 located at the center, two optical fiber units twisted around the central reinforcing member 5, and three filler ropes 6. Each optical fiber unit includes a PBT bundle tube 7 and several optical fibers 8 disposed therein, and fiber grease 9 filling the gaps between the optical fibers 8. Water-blocking grease 10 is filled in the gaps of the cable core 1.

[0032] The raw materials for preparing the nylon sheath 4 include the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of matrix resin, which is polyamide 12; 15 parts of superhydrophobic composite modifier; 5 parts of photothermal conversion agent; Two portions of auxiliary agent; The additives include antioxidants and UV stabilizers in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0033] The nylon sheath 4 is prepared using the following steps: a) Premixing of superhydrophobic composite modifier The silicone-acrylate core-shell microspheres were vacuum dried at 80°C for 4 hours to remove trace amounts of moisture. Then, the dried silicone-acrylate core-shell microspheres, fluorinated silica nanoparticles, and dispersant were added to a high-speed mixer and mixed at 2000 rpm for 10 minutes. This allowed the nanoparticles to be fully wetted and coated by the dispersant and to initially combine with the silicone-acrylate core-shell microspheres to form a premixed powder with good flowability. This process can effectively prevent the agglomeration of nanoparticles during subsequent extrusion. In this step, the weight ratio of organosilicon-acrylate core-shell microspheres, fluorinated silica nanoparticles and dispersant is 2:2:1; Organosilicon-acrylate core-shell microspheres are made using a seed emulsion polymerization method. The core idea is to first synthesize organosilicon "seeds" (cores) and then polymerize acrylate "shells," which can be directly purchased from the market. Fluorinated silica nanoparticles are produced by fluorinating silica with fluorinated alkylammonium, a mature technology that can be directly purchased from the market. b) Pretreatment of photothermal conversion agent The photothermal conversion agent was dried at 120℃ for 6 hours and then sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to ensure no lumps were formed, resulting in a dry and loose powder. c) 70% of the matrix resin is added from the main feed port of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder (length to diameter ratio L / D=40:1). The premixed powder, photothermal conversion agent and additives are mixed evenly and added from the side feed port of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder. After melting, shearing and mixing evenly, the mixture is extruded through the die head, cooled in a water tank and dried. Finally, it is cut into uniformly sized masterbatches by a pelletizer. d) Mix the masterbatch with the remaining matrix resin, and then tightly wrap it around the outer coating layer 2 and the corner reinforcement 3 through an extrusion die. The extrusion temperature is 250℃ and the extrusion pressure is 5MPa. Cool and set.

[0034] This embodiment also discloses a method for preparing an anti-icing self-supporting stranded optical cable, including the following steps: 1) Preparation of stranded cable core 1: To prepare the optical fiber unit, two optical fiber units and three filler ropes 6 are twisted together around the central reinforcing member 5 with a twisting pitch of 300 mm and SZ twisting is used. 2) Cover the outside of the cable core 1 with an outer sheath layer 2; 3) Place a corner reinforcement 3 at each of the four corners of the optical cable cross-section, ensuring that the corner reinforcement 3 is 1mm away from the wall thickness of the adjacent two sides; 4) A rhomboid cross-section is formed by co-extruding a nylon sheath 4 on the outside of the outer covering layer 2 and the corner reinforcement 3 using an extrusion die; 5) Cooling and shaping will produce the required anti-icing self-supporting stranded optical cable.

[0035] In step 4), the die opening of the extrusion mold is a rhombus structure, and its inner angle is consistent with the inner angle of the rhombus cross section; the extrusion temperature is 250℃ and the extrusion pressure is 5MPa.

[0036] In step 5), segmented warm water cooling is used (the first segment has a water temperature of 40°C, and the second segment has a water temperature of 20°C) to prevent excessive internal stress and cross-sectional deformation caused by rapid cooling.

[0037] Example 2 like Figure 1 As shown, an anti-icing self-supporting stranded optical cable has a rhomboid cross-section with an interior angle of 100°, comprising: Cable core 1 has a stranded structure; Outer sheath 2, which covers the outside of cable core 1, is made of metal strip; The reinforcing members include four corner reinforcing members 3, which are respectively installed at the four corners of the optical cable cross section. The thickness of the corner reinforcing members 3 from the adjacent two side walls is 0.8mm. Nylon sheath 4, covering the outer covering layer 2 and the outside of the reinforcing member, has a thickness of 2mm; Among them, the rhomboid cross-section combined with the nylon protective layer 4 reduces the area of ​​ice adhesion (the angular design makes it difficult for water droplets to accumulate on the surface, and a continuous ice layer cannot be formed in the initial icing stage, reducing the ice thickness), promotes the cracking and detachment of the ice layer (the ice layer at the angular corners is prone to stress concentration, and when subjected to temperature changes or wind, the ice layer breaks from the weak angular corners and falls off under its own weight or wind load), achieves aerodynamic effects (the asymmetric cross-section enhances the surface airflow speed, reduces the probability of water droplet impact, and at the same time, wind-induced vibration accelerates the peeling of the already iced layer), low surface energy and smoothness (the nylon protective layer 4 has a smooth surface and low surface energy, the water droplet contact angle is large, it is not easy to wet and adhere, and the ice anchoring effect is reduced), weak ice layer bonding force (the bonding force between the material and the ice layer interface is weak, the ice layer adhesion force is low, and it is easy to fall off under the action of external force), and maintains weather resistance (it maintains flexibility at low temperatures, the surface is not easy to age and roughen after long-term use, and it continuously maintains the low surface energy characteristics to ensure the anti-icing effect is long-lasting). The rhomboid structure reduces the chance of icing and accelerates de-icing, while the nylon sheath 4 reduces the bonding strength between water and ice. Together, they achieve the anti-icing function of "anti-adhesion and easy de-icing".

[0038] In this embodiment, the cable core 1 includes a central reinforcing member 5 located at the center, two optical fiber units twisted around the central reinforcing member 5, and three filler ropes 6. Each optical fiber unit includes a PBT bundle tube 7 and several optical fibers 8 disposed therein, and fiber grease 9 filling the gaps between the optical fibers 8. Water-blocking grease 10 is filled in the gaps of the cable core 1.

[0039] The raw materials for preparing the nylon sheath 4 include the following components in parts by weight: 95 parts of matrix resin, which is polyamide 12; Three parts of superhydrophobic composite modifier; 1 part of photothermal conversion agent; 0.5 parts of auxiliary agent; The additives include antioxidants and UV stabilizers in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0040] The nylon sheath 4 is prepared using the following steps: a) Premixing of superhydrophobic composite modifier The silicone-acrylate core-shell microspheres were vacuum dried at 70°C for 5 hours to remove trace amounts of moisture. Then, the dried silicone-acrylate core-shell microspheres, fluorinated silica nanoparticles, and dispersant were added to a high-speed mixer and mixed at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes. This allowed the nanoparticles to be fully wetted and coated by the dispersant and to initially combine with the silicone-acrylate core-shell microspheres to form a premixed powder with good flowability. This process can effectively prevent the agglomeration of nanoparticles during subsequent extrusion. In this step, the weight ratio of organosilicon-acrylate core-shell microspheres, fluorinated silica nanoparticles, and dispersant is 4:1:0.05. Organosilicon-acrylate core-shell microspheres are made using a seed emulsion polymerization method. The core idea is to first synthesize organosilicon "seeds" (cores) and then polymerize acrylate "shells," which can be directly purchased from the market. Fluorinated silica nanoparticles are produced by fluorinating silica and are available directly from the market. b) Pretreatment of photothermal conversion agent The photothermal conversion agent was dried at 120℃ for 6 hours and then sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to ensure no lumps were formed, resulting in a dry and loose powder. c) Add 80% of the matrix resin (length to diameter ratio L / D = 40:1) from the main feed port of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Mix the premixed powder, photothermal conversion agent and additives evenly and add them from the side feed port of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder. After melting, shearing and mixing evenly, the mixture is extruded through the die head, cooled in a water tank, dried, and finally cut into uniformly sized masterbatches by a pelletizer. d) Mix the masterbatch with the remaining matrix resin, and then tightly wrap it around the outer coating layer 2 and the corner reinforcement 3 through an extrusion die. The extrusion temperature is 200℃ and the extrusion pressure is 15MPa. Cool and set.

[0041] This embodiment also discloses a method for preparing an anti-icing self-supporting stranded optical cable, including the following steps: 1) Preparation of stranded cable core 1; 2) Cover the outside of the cable core 1 with an outer sheath layer 2; 3) Place a corner reinforcement 3 at each of the four corners of the optical cable cross-section, ensuring that the corner reinforcement 3 is 0.8mm away from the wall thickness of the two adjacent sides; 4) A rhomboid cross-section is formed by co-extruding a nylon sheath 4 on the outside of the outer covering layer 2 and the corner reinforcement 3 using an extrusion die; 5) Cooling and shaping will produce the required anti-icing self-supporting stranded optical cable.

[0042] In step 4), the die opening of the extrusion die is a rhombus structure, and its inner angle is consistent with the inner angle of the rhombus cross section; the extrusion temperature is 200℃ and the extrusion pressure is 15MPa.

[0043] In step 5), segmented warm water cooling is used (the first segment has a water temperature of 50°C, and the second segment has a water temperature of 30°C) to prevent excessive internal stress and cross-sectional deformation caused by rapid cooling.

[0044] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0045] Example 3 like Figure 1 As shown, an anti-icing self-supporting stranded optical cable has a rhomboid cross-section with an interior angle of 80°, comprising: Cable core 1 has a stranded structure; Outer sheath 2, which covers the outside of cable core 1, is made of non-metallic tape; The reinforcing members include four corner reinforcing members 3, which are respectively installed at the four corners of the optical cable cross section. The corner reinforcing members 3 are 1.2mm thick from the adjacent two side walls. The nylon sheath 4, which covers the outer sheath 2 and the reinforcement, has a thickness of 1.5 mm. Among them, the rhomboid cross-section combined with the nylon protective layer 4 reduces the area of ​​ice adhesion (the angular design makes it difficult for water droplets to accumulate on the surface, and a continuous ice layer cannot be formed in the initial icing stage, reducing the ice thickness), promotes the cracking and detachment of the ice layer (the ice layer at the angular corners is prone to stress concentration, and when subjected to temperature changes or wind, the ice layer breaks from the weak angular corners and falls off under its own weight or wind load), achieves aerodynamic effects (the asymmetric cross-section enhances the surface airflow speed, reduces the probability of water droplet impact, and at the same time, wind-induced vibration accelerates the peeling of the already iced layer), low surface energy and smoothness (the nylon protective layer 4 has a smooth surface and low surface energy, the water droplet contact angle is large, it is not easy to wet and adhere, and the ice anchoring effect is reduced), weak ice layer bonding force (the bonding force between the material and the ice layer interface is weak, the ice layer adhesion force is low, and it is easy to fall off under the action of external force), and maintains weather resistance (it maintains flexibility at low temperatures, the surface is not easy to age and roughen after long-term use, and it continuously maintains the low surface energy characteristics to ensure the anti-icing effect is long-lasting). The rhomboid structure reduces the chance of icing and accelerates de-icing, while the nylon sheath 4 reduces the bonding strength between water and ice. Together, they achieve the anti-icing function of "anti-adhesion and easy de-icing".

[0046] The anti-icing self-supporting stranded optical cable disclosed in this embodiment is an all-dielectric non-metallic optical cable. The outer sheath 2 is made of non-metallic tape, and the four corner reinforcing members and the central reinforcing member 5 in the cable core 1 are all made of GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic) non-metallic rods. The glass fiber content of the GFRP non-metallic rods is 60%, and the resin matrix is ​​epoxy resin.

[0047] In this embodiment, the cable core 1 includes a central reinforcing member 5 located at the center, two optical fiber units twisted around the central reinforcing member 5, and three filler ropes 6. Each optical fiber unit includes a PBT bundle tube 7 and several optical fibers 8 disposed therein, and fiber grease 9 filling the gaps between the optical fibers 8. Water-blocking grease 10 is filled in the gaps of the cable core 1.

[0048] The raw materials for preparing the nylon sheath 4 include the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of matrix resin, which is polyamide 11; 8 parts of superhydrophobic composite modifier; 3 parts of photothermal conversion agent; 1 part of the auxiliary agent; The additives include antioxidants and UV stabilizers in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0049] The nylon sheath 4 is prepared using the following steps: a) Premixing of superhydrophobic composite modifier The silicone-acrylate core-shell microspheres were vacuum dried at 90°C for 3 hours to remove trace amounts of moisture. Then, the dried silicone-acrylate core-shell microspheres, fluorinated silica nanoparticles, and dispersant were added to a high-speed mixer and mixed at 2500 rpm for 7 minutes. This allowed the nanoparticles to be fully wetted and coated by the dispersant and to initially combine with the silicone-acrylate core-shell microspheres to form a premixed powder with good flowability. This process can effectively prevent the agglomeration of nanoparticles during subsequent extrusion. In this step, the weight ratio of organosilicon-acrylate core-shell microspheres, fluorinated silica nanoparticles and dispersant is 1:2:1; Organosilicon-acrylate core-shell microspheres are made using a seed emulsion polymerization method. The core idea is to first synthesize organosilicon "seeds" (cores) and then polymerize acrylate "shells," which can be directly purchased from the market. Fluorinated silica nanoparticles are produced by fluorinating silica and are available directly from the market. b) Pretreatment of photothermal conversion agent The photothermal conversion agent was dried at 110℃ for 7 hours and then sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to ensure no lumps were formed, resulting in a dry and loose powder. c) 65% of the matrix resin is added from the main feed port of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder (length to diameter ratio L / D=40:1). The premixed powder, photothermal conversion agent and additives are mixed evenly and added from the side feed port of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder. After melting, shearing and mixing evenly, the mixture is extruded through the die head, cooled in a water tank and dried. Finally, it is cut into uniformly sized masterbatches by a pelletizer. d) Mix the masterbatch with the remaining matrix resin, and then tightly wrap it around the outer coating layer 2 and the corner reinforcement 3 through an extrusion die. The extrusion temperature is 230℃ and the extrusion pressure is 10MPa. Cool and set.

[0050] This embodiment also discloses a method for preparing an anti-icing self-supporting stranded optical cable, including the following steps: 1) Preparation of stranded cable core 1; 2) Cover the outside of the cable core 1 with an outer sheath layer 2; 3) Place a corner reinforcement 3 at each of the four corners of the optical cable cross-section, ensuring that the corner reinforcement 3 is 1.2mm away from the wall thickness of the two adjacent sides; 4) A rhomboid cross-section is formed by co-extruding a nylon sheath 4 on the outside of the outer covering layer 2 and the corner reinforcement 3 using an extrusion die; 5) Cooling and shaping will produce the required anti-icing self-supporting stranded optical cable.

[0051] In step 4), the die opening of the extrusion die is a rhombus structure, and its inner angle is consistent with the inner angle of the rhombus cross section; the extrusion temperature is 230℃ and the extrusion pressure is 10MPa.

[0052] In step 5), segmented warm water cooling is used (the first segment has a water temperature of 40℃, and the second segment has a water temperature of 30℃) to prevent excessive internal stress and cross-sectional deformation caused by rapid cooling.

[0053] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0054] Any parts or structures not specifically described in this invention can be made using existing technologies or products, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0055] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ice shielded self-supporting layer stranded optical cable characterized by, The anti-icing self-supporting layer stranded optical cable has a rhombic cross section, comprising: a cable core in a layer-stranded structure; an outer cladding layer covering the outside of the cable core; a reinforcing member arranged at the corner of the cross section of the optical cable; a nylon protective layer covering the outside of the outer cladding layer and the reinforcing member.

2. The ice prevention self-supporting layer stranded optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable core comprises a central reinforcing member at a central position and a plurality of optical fiber units and a plurality of filler ropes peripherally stranded around the central reinforcing member, each optical fiber unit comprising a PBT tube and a plurality of optical fibers arranged in the PBT tube and a fiber paste filled in the gap between the optical fibers, and the cable core is filled with a gap-filling water-blocking paste.

3. The ice prevention self-supporting layer stranded optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cladding layer is made of a metal tape or a non-metallic tape.

4. The ice prevention self-supporting layer stranded optical cable according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the anti-icing self-supporting layer stranded optical cable is a full-dielectric non-metallic optical cable, the outer cladding layer is made of a non-metallic tape, and the reinforcing member and the central reinforcing member in the cable core are both made of a GFRP non-metallic rod.

5. The ice accretion preventing self-supporting layer stranded optical fiber cable of claim 1, wherein, The reinforcing member comprises four corner reinforcing members arranged at the four corners of the cross section of the optical cable.

6. The ice prevention self-supporting layer stranded optical cable according to claim 5, characterized in that, The corner reinforcing member is 0.8-1.2 mm thick from the adjacent two side walls.

7. The anti-icing self-supporting layer stranded optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner angle of the rhombic cross section of the anti-icing self-supporting layer stranded optical cable ranges from 60° to 120°.

8. The ice accretion preventing self-supporting layer stranded optical fiber cable of claim 1, wherein, The raw materials for preparing the nylon protective layer comprise the following components by weight: 80-95 parts of base resin 3-15 parts of super-hydrophobic composite modifier 1-5 parts of light-heat conversion agent 0.5-2 parts of auxiliary agent The auxiliary agent comprises an antioxidant and an ultraviolet stabilizer, and the weight ratio of the two is 1-2:

1.

9. A method of manufacturing an anti-icing self-supporting layer stranded optical cable according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a cable core; 2) covering an outer cladding layer outside the cable core; 3) placing a corner reinforcing member at each of the four corners of the cross section of the optical cable, and ensuring that the corner reinforcing member is 0.8-1.2 mm thick from the adjacent two side walls; 4) co-extruding a nylon protective layer outside the outer cladding layer and the corner reinforcing member through an extrusion die to form a rhombic cross section; 5) cooling and setting to obtain the required anti-icing self-supporting layer stranded optical cable.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the method further comprises: In step 4), the nylon protective layer is prepared by the following steps: a) premixing of the super-hydrophobic composite modifier Vacuum drying the organosilicon-acrylate core-shell microspheres at 70-90°C for 3-5 h; then adding the dried organosilicon-acrylate core-shell microspheres, fluorinated silica nanoparticles and dispersing agent into a high-speed mixer and uniformly mixing at a speed of 2000-3000 rpm for 5-10 min; The weight ratio of the organosilicon-acrylate core-shell microspheres, fluorinated silica nanoparticles and dispersing agent is 1-4:1-2:0.05-2; b) pretreatment of the light-heat conversion agent Drying the light-heat conversion agent at 100-120°C for 6-8 h, sieving through a 400-mesh sieve to ensure no caking, and obtaining dry and loose powder; c) adding 60-80% of the total amount of base resin from the main feeding port of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder, uniformly mixing the premixed powder, light-heat conversion agent and auxiliary agent from the side feeding port of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder, and then extruding through a die, cooling in a water tank, blowing dry, and finally cutting into uniform-sized master batches through a pelletizer. d) mixing the master batch with the rest of the matrix resin, and tightly coating the outer coating layer and the corner reinforcing member outside through an extrusion die, with an extrusion temperature of 200-250°C, an extrusion pressure of 5-15 MPa, and cooling and setting.

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