Deflection efficiency optimization method and optical phased array system

Abstract

The invention relates to a deflection efficiency optimization method and an optical phased array system. Acquiring a first feedback signal of the optical phased array system under the initial condition; under the condition that the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system under the current voltage array does not meet a preset optimization target, performing voltage disturbance on the current voltage array based on a preset disturbance voltage array to obtain a disturbance voltage array; acquiring a second feedback signal of the optical phased array system under the disturbance voltage array; determining a disturbance response difference corresponding to the current voltage array based on a disturbance response relationship between the second feedback signal and the first feedback signal; based on the disturbance response difference and a preset disturbance voltage array, optimizing the current voltage array to obtain a target optimized voltage array, and optimizing the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system through the target optimized voltage array; the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system is improved, the self-adaptive optimization of the light beam directivity is realized, and the utilization rate of light beam energy is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of optical phased array, in particular to a deflection efficiency optimization method and an optical phased array system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the application of optical phased array technology, as an important beam control technology, liquid crystal optical phased array (LCOPA) has shown great potential in realizing non-mechanical deflection and scanning of light beams, and is widely used in many high-tech fields. However, the existing LCOPA system still faces many technical challenges in practical application, of which the most prominent is the problem of deflection efficiency, which seriously limits the further improvement of its performance and the wider application expansion.

[0003] At present, there is no effective solution to the problem of low deflection efficiency of the LCOPA system in the related art. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a deflection efficiency optimization method and an optical phased array system to solve the above technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a deflection efficiency optimization method, which comprises:

[0006] obtaining a first feedback signal of an optical phased array system under initial conditions;

[0007] In the case that the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system under a current voltage array does not meet a preset optimization target, performing voltage perturbation on the current voltage array based on a preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a perturbation voltage array;

[0008] obtaining a second feedback signal of the optical phased array system under the perturbation voltage array;

[0009] determining a perturbation response difference corresponding to the current voltage array based on a perturbation response relationship between the second feedback signal and the first feedback signal;

[0010] optimizing the current voltage array based on the perturbation response difference and the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a target optimization voltage array, and optimizing the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system through the target optimization voltage array.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, the optical phased array system comprises a modulation unit and a detection feedback unit; the obtaining of the first feedback signal of the optical phased array system under the initial conditions comprises:

[0012] acquire a preset deflection parameter;

[0013] generate an initial voltage profile according to the preset deflection parameter, drive the modulation unit to deflect and modulate the incident light signal to obtain a modulated light signal;

[0014] acquire a plurality of groups of detection signals obtained by signal detection of the modulated light signal by the detection feedback unit;

[0015] generate a first feedback signal according to a plurality of groups of detection signals.

[0016] In one embodiment, the detection feedback unit includes a light beam screening module and a collection module; and the acquisition of a plurality of groups of detection signals obtained by signal detection of the modulated light signal by the detection feedback unit includes:

[0017] acquiring a plurality of groups of detection signals obtained by signal collection of the target light signal by the collection module; wherein the target light signal is obtained by light beam filtering processing of the modulated light signal by the light beam screening module.

[0018] In one embodiment, the voltage perturbation of the current voltage array based on the preset perturbation voltage array includes:

[0019] forward voltage perturbation of the current voltage array based on the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a forward perturbation voltage array;

[0020] reverse voltage perturbation of the current voltage array based on the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a reverse perturbation voltage array;

[0021] determining the forward perturbation voltage array and the reverse perturbation voltage array as the perturbation voltage array.

[0022] In one embodiment, the second feedback signal includes a forward perturbation feedback signal and a reverse perturbation feedback signal; and the determination of the perturbation response difference corresponding to the target optimization voltage array based on the perturbation response relationship between the second feedback signal and the first feedback signal includes:

[0023] determination of the forward perturbation response relationship between the forward perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal according to the forward perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal;

[0024] determination of the reverse perturbation response relationship between the reverse perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal according to the reverse perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal;

[0025] According to the forward perturbation response relationship and the reverse perturbation response relationship, a perturbation response difference corresponding to the current voltage array is determined.

[0026] In one of the embodiments, the current voltage array is optimized based on the perturbation response difference and the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a target optimized voltage array, which includes:

[0027] Based on a preset gradient direction gain, the perturbation response difference and the preset perturbation voltage array, a voltage correction array is determined.

[0028] According to the voltage correction array, the current voltage array is updated to obtain a target optimized voltage array.

[0029] In one of the embodiments, the current voltage array is updated according to the voltage correction array to obtain a target optimized voltage array, which includes:

[0030] According to the voltage correction array, the current voltage array is updated to obtain a target optimized voltage array.

[0031] For an over-limit voltage value in the initial optimized voltage array that does not meet a preset voltage quantization precision, the over-limit voltage value is subjected to a quantization constraint processing to obtain a first updated voltage value corresponding to the over-limit voltage value.

[0032] For a compliant voltage value in the initial optimized voltage array that meets the preset voltage quantization precision, a voltage absolute value corresponding to the compliant voltage value is determined as a second updated voltage value corresponding to the compliant voltage value.

[0033] According to the first updated voltage value and the second updated voltage value, or the second updated voltage value, the initial optimized voltage array is updated to obtain a target optimized voltage array.

[0034] In one of the embodiments, the optical phased array system includes a modulation unit; the method further includes:

[0035] According to the target optimized voltage array, a target voltage configuration file is generated.

[0036] The target voltage configuration file is subjected to a format conversion to generate a message executable by the modulation unit, and the message is sent to the modulation unit.

[0037] In a second aspect, the application further provides an optical phased array system, which includes a controller, an exit unit, a modulation unit and a detection feedback unit; the exit unit, the modulation unit and the detection feedback unit are sequentially arranged on an optical path.

[0038] The controller is in communication connection with the modulation unit and the detection feedback unit.

[0039] The controller is configured to execute the deflection efficiency optimization method in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0040] In one of the embodiments, the exit unit comprises a light source, a polarizer and a half-wave plate; the modulation unit comprises a liquid crystal optical phased array; and the detection feedback unit comprises a light beam screening module and an acquisition module.

[0041] The light source, the polarizer, the half-wave plate, the liquid crystal optical phased array, the light beam screening module and the acquisition module are sequentially arranged in a preset order on an optical path.

[0042] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of the method in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0043] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the steps of the method in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0044] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the steps of the method in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0045] The deflection efficiency optimization method and the optical phased array system; a first feedback signal of the optical phased array system under initial conditions is obtained; in the case that the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system under a current voltage array does not meet a preset optimization target, a voltage perturbation is performed on the current voltage array based on a preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a perturbation voltage array; a second feedback signal of the optical phased array system under the perturbation voltage array is obtained; a perturbation response difference corresponding to the current voltage array is determined based on a perturbation response relationship between the second feedback signal and the first feedback signal; the current voltage array is optimized based on the perturbation response difference and the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a target optimization voltage array, and the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system is optimized through the target optimization voltage array. The first feedback signal of the optical phased array system under the initial conditions is obtained as a performance optimization benchmark, the second feedback signal under the perturbation voltage array is obtained, the perturbation response difference corresponding to the current voltage array is determined based on the perturbation response relationship between the second feedback signal and the first feedback signal, and the current voltage array is optimized in combination with the preset perturbation voltage array to generate the target optimization voltage array. This process realizes closed-loop iterative optimization of the voltage configuration, effectively estimates the voltage adjustment direction, makes the target optimization voltage array gradually approach the optimal state, improves the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system, realizes adaptive optimization of the beam pointing performance, makes the beam deflect more concentratedly to the desired direction, and improves the utilization rate of the beam energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the related art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present application or the related art will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other related drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0047] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an optical phased array system in an embodiment;

[0048] Figure 2 A flowchart of a deflection efficiency optimization method in an embodiment;

[0049] Figure 3 A flowchart of a first feedback signal acquisition step in an embodiment;

[0050] Figure 4 A flowchart of a perturbation response difference determination step in an embodiment;

[0051] Figure 5 A flowchart of an optimization of the current voltage array step in an embodiment;

[0052] Figure 6 A flowchart of determining a target optimization voltage array in an embodiment;

[0053] Figure 7 An internal structure diagram of a computer device in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not intended to limit the present application.

[0055] In the application of optical phased array technology, liquid crystal optical phased array (LCOPA) as an important beam control technology, has shown great potential in realizing non-mechanical deflection and scanning of light beams, and is widely used in many high-tech fields. However, the existing LCOPA system still faces many technical challenges in practical application, of which the most prominent is the problem of deflection efficiency, which seriously limits the further improvement of its performance and the wider application expansion.

[0056] The existing LCOPA system has many deficiencies in deflection efficiency. In the project research of "Liquid Crystal Phased Array Phase Pattern Measurement, Control and Device Optimization under Nonlinear Correlation", researchers pointed out that in order to achieve high light beam deflection efficiency and large light beam deflection angle, the pixel period of liquid crystal phased array should be close to or even reach the order of light wavelength. However, when the resolution of liquid crystal phased array reaches the order of microns, there is a strong nonlinear correlation effect between adjacent pixels, which seriously affects the effective resolution of the device and the accurate control of the phase pattern, and thus the accuracy of light beam deflection is greatly discounted, which cannot meet the needs of applications such as laser radar, light detection and ranging, etc. which require high-precision light beam deflection.

[0057] In the working principle of LCOPA, by applying different voltages to the liquid crystal molecules, the refractive index can be changed, thereby realizing the phase modulation and deflection control of the light beam. However, due to the physical properties of the liquid crystal material itself and various factors existing in the system, such as the non-uniformity of liquid crystal molecules, the non-uniformity of electric field distribution, crosstalk between adjacent units, and temperature changes, etc., will cause phase error and energy loss in the process of light beam deflection. These factors will be coupled with each other, and then affect the propagation characteristics of the light beam, and finally lead to low deflection efficiency of the far-field light beam.

[0058] From a material perspective, the electro-optic properties of liquid crystal molecules change under different temperature and electric field conditions, making the modulation effect on the light beam unstable and difficult to achieve precise phase control. Moreover, small changes in the arrangement and orientation of liquid crystal molecules can manifest macroscopically as scattering of the light beam and dispersion of energy, reducing the final deflection efficiency. In addition, during the manufacture of LCOPA, imperfections in the process can also lead to inconsistencies between units, further exacerbating performance degradation.

[0059] At the system level, traditional driving and control methods often lack in-depth consideration and targeted optimization of LCOPA characteristics. On the one hand, the control precision of the voltage applied to the LCOPA electrodes is limited, making it difficult to accurately achieve the required phase distribution, resulting in part of the light beam energy being deflected in the desired direction, but scattered to other directions, forming side lobes or stray light beams, reducing the energy concentration of the main light beam. On the other hand, existing driving circuits often struggle to quickly and accurately adjust the voltage to achieve efficient light beam steering, especially in scenarios requiring rapid scanning or dynamic tracking of targets, the response speed and adjustment capability of traditional driving methods cannot meet the demand.

[0060] From an algorithmic perspective, existing algorithms for optimizing LCOPA performance also have some limitations. For example, when using some traditional optimization algorithms such as genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization algorithms, etc., since they usually treat the voltage of each electrode as an independent variable, when dealing with large-scale LCOPA systems, they will face the problem of high-dimensional space search, leading to a sharp increase in computational complexity, slow convergence speed, and difficulty in achieving ideal optimization results. Moreover, these algorithms may fall into local optimal solutions when dealing with complex nonlinear problems and multi-objective optimization (such as considering deflection efficiency, side lobe suppression, beam quality, etc.), making it difficult to find a globally optimal voltage configuration scheme, limiting the performance improvement of LCOPA.

[0061] For the performance evaluation and measurement of LCOPA, traditional methods are often not accurate and real-time. When obtaining key performance indicators such as light beam deflection efficiency, side lobe level, etc., they may be limited by the precision, sampling frequency, and data processing method of the measurement equipment, making it difficult to provide accurate feedback information for optimization algorithms, further affecting the optimization effect. At the same time, existing data transmission and processing processes have problems in transmission speed, data integrity, and reliability, which may cause the optimization algorithm to be unable to obtain the latest information in a timely manner, making it difficult to quickly adjust the working state of LCOPA according to actual conditions.

[0062] In summary, neither the materials and driving mechanisms at the hardware level nor the algorithms and data processing at the software level can meet the current demands for high-performance optical systems, especially in applications requiring high precision, speed, and stability of beam deflection, such as lidar, free-space optical communication, optical detection and ranging, optical scanning imaging, and beam pointing and tracking. Therefore, this application provides a deflection efficiency optimization method and an optical phased array system, aiming to effectively solve the problems existing in the aforementioned traditional technologies by addressing multiple aspects such as the overall system architecture, algorithm optimization, and data processing, thereby achieving a significant improvement in LCOPA deflection efficiency and providing a more efficient and reliable beam control solution for the aforementioned fields.

[0063] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an optical phased array system in one embodiment. This embodiment provides an optical phased array system, which includes a controller (not shown in the figure), an emission unit, a modulation unit, and a detection feedback unit. The emission unit, modulation unit, and detection feedback unit are sequentially arranged in the optical path. The controller is communicatively connected to the modulation unit and the detection feedback unit.

[0064] The system includes a controller for executing the deflection efficiency optimization method described in this application; an output unit for generating and outputting a beam with specific characteristics to provide the modulation unit with incident light that meets operational requirements; a modulation unit for spatial phase modulation and deflection modulation of the incident beam from the output unit; and a detection feedback unit for receiving the optical signal modulated by the modulation unit and generating a quantized feedback signal suitable for system optimization through spatial filtering and signal conversion.

[0065] It is understandable that the output unit, modulation unit, and detection feedback unit work together to achieve efficient control and optimization of the beam.

[0066] In one exemplary embodiment, the emission unit includes at least a light source, a polarizer, and a half-wave plate; the modulation unit includes a liquid crystal optical phased array; and the detection feedback unit includes a beam filtering module and a acquisition module.

[0067] The light source, polarizer, half-wave plate, liquid crystal optical phased array, beam filtering module and acquisition module are arranged sequentially on the optical path according to a preset order.

[0068] The preset order needs to meet optical characteristics, but no specific restrictions are made here.

[0069] The light source is a light signal source of the optical phased array system, and is used to emit light with specific wavelength and intensity. The polarizer is used to convert the light emitted by the light source into a specific polarization state to meet the subsequent optical processing and operation requirements of the liquid crystal optical phased array (LCOPA). The half-wave plate is used to further adjust the polarization state of the light to better match the working characteristics of the LCOPA, and to ensure that the required electro-optic effect is generated on the liquid crystal molecules. The liquid crystal optical phased array (LCOPA) is the core component of the optical phased array system, and it realizes the phase modulation and deflection operation of the light beam by precisely controlling the voltage applied to its electrodes.

[0070] The light beam screening module is used to perform spatial filtering and light beam shaping on the light beam modulated by the LCOPA, screen the main lobe light beam of the target deflection direction, and suppress the side lobe and stray light components. In an exemplary embodiment, the light beam screening module can include a Fourier lens and a light barrier; the Fourier lens is used to focus or collimate the light beam modulated by the LCOPA, adjust the propagation characteristics of the light beam, and then perform performance measurement and actual application; the light barrier is used to further screen and adjust the intensity and shape of the light beam to remove stray light and improve the quality and directivity of the light beam.

[0071] It can be understood that the above embodiment is only one implementation of the light beam screening module, and the specific structure can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual optical system requirements, as long as the spatial filtering and light beam shaping of the light beam can be realized, the target light signal can be effectively screened and the stray light can be suppressed, and the actual requirements of the system in terms of signal-to-noise ratio, directivity and measurement accuracy can be met, and the specific limitations are not made here.

[0072] The acquisition module is used to accurately measure the performance of the light beam and provide key performance evaluation data for deflection efficiency optimization. In an exemplary embodiment, the acquisition module can be an optical power meter, which is used to accurately measure the power of the target light beam passing through the light beam screening module, output the corresponding optical power value (i.e. light intensity), and use the optical power value as a feedback signal to participate in the deflection efficiency optimization process. In other embodiments, the acquisition module can also be an image acquisition device, such as a CCD camera or a CMOS camera, etc., which is used to obtain a two-dimensional light intensity distribution image of the target light beam. At this time, the image data is acquired, and the image data needs to be processed accordingly, such as extracting the total pixel gray value or average gray value of the region of interest (ROI), and using the gray value as a quantitative indicator representing the intensity of the light beam, and then as a feedback signal to participate in the deflection efficiency optimization process. It can be understood that the implementation of the above acquisition module is only an exemplary description, and the specific form of the acquisition module is not limited to the above enumeration, as long as the quantitative acquisition of the target light signal can be realized, and the feedback signal that can be used for performance evaluation can be generated, and the specific limitations are not made here.

[0073] It should be noted that the controller is in communication connection with the acquisition module, and the optimized design of the acquisition module (such as the optical power meter) has a high sampling frequency and accuracy, which can timely and accurately sample the beam performance (such as the optical power value) and quickly transmit the sampling data to the controller, thereby ensuring that the system can quickly adjust the electrode voltage of the LCOPA according to the real-time sampling data to realize rapid beam deflection adjustment.

[0074] Exemplarily, the light source, the polarizer, the half-wave plate, the LCOPA, the Fourier lens, the light barrier and the optical power meter are sequentially installed on the optical path in order to ensure the smoothness of the optical path and the stability of each component. Each component is accurately calibrated and debugged to ensure that its performance meets the system requirements; specifically, in the initialization stage, each component is accurately parameterized and calibrated, including accurate adjustment of the wavelength and intensity of the light source, optimization of the angles of the polarizer and the half-wave plate, and reasonable configuration of the measurement range and accuracy of the acquisition module (such as the optical power meter), to ensure that the optical phased array system is in a stable state during operation, laying a foundation for realizing deflection efficiency optimization.

[0075] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 , Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a deflection efficiency optimization method in an embodiment; this embodiment takes the controller in the optical phased array system as an example to illustrate the deflection efficiency optimization method, which includes the following steps: Figure 2

[0076] Step S201, obtaining a first feedback signal of the optical phased array system under initial conditions.

[0077] Among them, the first feedback signal refers to the quantitative feedback data used to represent the performance of the optical phased array system in the initialization stage; it can be understood that the first feedback signal is the benchmark value for subsequent deflection efficiency optimization.

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment, if the acquisition module in the detection feedback unit is an optical power meter, the first feedback signal of the optical phased array system under the initial conditions is the optical power value (i.e. the light intensity) sampled by the optical power meter.

[0079] Step S202, in the case that the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system under the current voltage array does not meet the preset optimization target, performing voltage perturbation on the current voltage array based on the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a perturbation voltage array.

[0080] ​wherein, the current voltage array refers to a set of control voltage values applied to each pixel electrode of the modulation unit (e.g., LCOPA) in the current optimization iteration period. It can be understood that the number of voltage values in the current voltage array is the same as the number of electrodes in the modulation unit, and there is a one-to-one correspondence. For example, if the LCOPA includes 2880 electrodes, the current voltage array includes 2880 voltage values corresponding to the 2880 electrodes one by one.

[0081] wherein, the preset optimization target can be, but is not limited to, a preset deflection efficiency threshold, a certain number of iterations, a stable performance index, or other self-defined stopping conditions, which are not limited here.

[0082] wherein, the preset perturbation voltage array refers to a set of small random or pseudo-random voltage perturbations generated by the controller; in an exemplary embodiment, the preset perturbation voltage array is denoted as , wherein, is a random variable subject to a binomial distribution B(1, 0.5), i.e. ; N is the number of elements in the period, i.e., the number of phased array elements (elements) contained in the LCOPA in a complete period; o is the perturbation amplitude (scaling factor).

[0083] It should be noted that in each iteration, the preset perturbation voltage array needs to be regenerated to ensure the randomness and independence of the perturbation signal, and to avoid the optimization process from being trapped in local stagnation or producing systematic bias due to repeated perturbation patterns.

[0084] wherein, the perturbation voltage array refers to a new voltage configuration obtained by superimposing the preset perturbation voltage array on the current voltage array; the perturbation voltage array includes a forward perturbation voltage array and a reverse perturbation voltage array.

[0085] In an exemplary embodiment, the method of perturbing the current voltage array based on the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain the perturbation voltage array can be: perturbing the current voltage array based on the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a forward perturbation voltage array; perturbing the current voltage array based on the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a reverse perturbation voltage array; and determining the forward perturbation voltage array and the reverse perturbation voltage array as the perturbation voltage array. For example, assuming that the preset perturbation voltage array is , and the current voltage array is ; perturbing the current voltage array in the forward direction to obtain a forward perturbation voltage array ; perturbing the current voltage array in the reverse direction to obtain a reverse perturbation voltage array ; wherein, .

[0086] Further, in one exemplary embodiment, according to the preset voltage quantization precision, the forward perturbation voltage array and the reverse perturbation voltage array are limited within the preset voltage quantization precision range to ensure the effectiveness of the voltage perturbation; for example, if the preset voltage quantization precision is 8 bits, the forward perturbation voltage array and the reverse perturbation voltage array need to be limited within the range of 0 to 255. The specific limiting method can be but is not limited to the following method: if , then ; otherwise , for The same applies here and will not be repeated.

[0087] Step S203, obtaining a second feedback signal of the optical phased array system under the perturbation voltage array.

[0088] The second feedback signal refers to the quantized feedback data used to represent the performance of the optical phased array system under the perturbation voltage array; in one exemplary embodiment, if the acquisition module in the detection feedback unit is an optical power meter, the second feedback signal of the optical phased array system under the perturbation voltage array is the current optical power value (i.e., the current light intensity) obtained by the optical power meter sampling.

[0089] Step S204, determining the perturbation response difference corresponding to the current voltage array based on the perturbation response relationship between the second feedback signal and the first feedback signal.

[0090] The perturbation response relationship includes the forward perturbation response relationship and the reverse perturbation response relationship. The perturbation response relationship is used to represent the relative change rule of the output performance (such as light intensity) of the optical phased array system before and after the preset perturbation voltage array is applied.

[0091] The perturbation response difference is used to represent the sensitivity and change trend of the system to the random perturbation in a specific direction under the current voltage configuration (i.e., the perturbation voltage array). It can be understood that the perturbation response difference provides a directional guidance for voltage optimization.

[0092] For example, assuming that the forward perturbation response relationship is , the reverse perturbation response relationship is , according to the forward perturbation response relationship and the reverse perturbation response relationship , the perturbation response difference corresponding to the current voltage array is . If the perturbation response difference is greater than 0, it indicates that the forward voltage perturbation can improve the performance, and the voltage should be adjusted in the forward direction; if the perturbation response difference is less than 0, it indicates that the reverse voltage perturbation can improve the performance, and the voltage should be adjusted in the reverse direction.

[0093] In step S205, the current voltage array is optimized based on the perturbation response difference and the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a target optimized voltage array, and the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system is optimized through the target optimized voltage array.

[0094] It should be noted that based on the perturbation response difference and the preset perturbation voltage array, a voltage correction array corresponding to the current voltage array can be determined, and then the current voltage array is optimized based on the voltage correction array to obtain a target optimized voltage array; the target optimized voltage array is applied to the optical phased array system to obtain the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system under the target optimized voltage array, and it can be understood that the current voltage array at this time is the target optimized voltage array. Further, if the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system under the current voltage array (i.e. the target optimized voltage array) meets the preset optimization target, the iterative optimization process is stopped; otherwise, steps S202 to S205 are cyclically executed until the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system under the current voltage array (i.e. the target optimized voltage array) meets the preset optimization target, and the iterative optimization process is stopped.

[0095] Optionally, in each iteration process, the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system under the current voltage array (i.e. the target optimized voltage array) is recorded in a log file, wherein the log file also contains detailed time stamps and related system running state information, so as to facilitate in-depth analysis and troubleshooting of the performance of the system. It can be understood that the recording content and management method of the log file facilitate the query and extraction of data, and provide strong support for the optimization and maintenance of the system.

[0096] It can be understood that the present application adopts the idea of Stochastic Parallel Gradient Descent (SPGD) algorithm to realize the optimization of the LCOPA deflection efficiency. The parameters of the SPGD algorithm can be adjusted according to the actual situation, including but not limited to the gradient step, the upper limit of the number of iterations, the perturbation amplitude, etc., to achieve the best optimization effect, which is not specifically limited here.

[0097] In this embodiment, the first feedback signal of the optical phased array system under the initial condition is obtained as the performance optimization benchmark, the second feedback signal obtained under the perturbation voltage array is combined, the perturbation response difference corresponding to the current voltage array is determined based on the perturbation response relationship between the second feedback signal and the first feedback signal, the current voltage array is optimized in combination with the preset perturbation voltage array, and the target optimization voltage array is generated. This process realizes closed-loop iterative optimization of the voltage configuration, effectively estimates the voltage adjustment direction, makes the target optimization voltage array gradually approach the optimal state, improves the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system, realizes adaptive optimization of the beam pointing performance, makes the beam deflect more concentratedly to the desired direction, and improves the utilization rate of the beam energy.

[0098] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 Figure 3 is a flowchart of the first feedback signal acquisition step in one embodiment; the first feedback signal of the optical phased array system under the initial condition is obtained, including the following steps:

[0099] Step S301, a preset deflection parameter is obtained.

[0100] The preset deflection parameter needs to be set according to the initialization requirement of the optical phased array system, which is not limited here.

[0101] Step S302, an initial voltage configuration file is generated according to the preset deflection parameter, and the modulation unit is driven to deflect and modulate the incident light signal to obtain a modulated light signal.

[0102] The initial voltage configuration file is used to drive the modulation unit to preliminarily deflect and modulate the incident light signal; the modulation unit is used to send the modulated light signal to the detection feedback unit.

[0103] In an exemplary embodiment, the initial voltage configuration file is a ucode file; the ucode file includes pre-set voltage information, which is applied to the electrodes of the LCOPA through a driving circuit to make the LCOPA produce a corresponding initial deflection state.

[0104] It should be noted that during the initialization process of the optical phased array system, parameter setting and calibration of each component are also involved to ensure that the system is in a stable and operable state. For example, the wavelength and intensity of the light source are accurately set, the angles of the polarizer and the half-wave plate are adjusted, and the measurement range and accuracy of the optical power meter are configured to provide a good foundation for the subsequent optimization process.

[0105] Step S303, a plurality of groups of detection signals obtained by the detection feedback unit for signal detection of the modulated light signal are obtained.

[0106] ​The detection signal is a quantized signal used to represent the current beam performance. For example, the detection signal can be an optical power value or a gray value, and the signal form is related to the specific structure of the detection feedback unit, which is not limited here.

[0107] In an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of detection signals obtained by the detection feedback unit from the modulated optical signal are acquired, including:

[0108] A plurality of detection signals obtained by the acquisition module from the target optical signal are acquired. The target optical signal is obtained by the beam filtering module from the modulated optical signal. The beam filtering process can be, but is not limited to, spatial filtering and beam shaping of the modulated optical signal, filtering the main lobe beam of the target deflection direction, and suppressing the sidelobe and stray light components.

[0109] In step S304, a first feedback signal is generated based on the plurality of detection signals.

[0110] For example, a preset deflection parameter is acquired, and an initial voltage configuration file (ucode file) is generated based on the preset deflection parameter. The initial voltage configuration file (ucode file) is used to drive the modulation unit to deflect and modulate the incident optical signal to obtain the modulated optical signal. Further, the target optical signal is obtained by the beam filtering module from the modulated optical signal. Further, the acquisition module is used to detect the target optical signal at a predetermined time interval and sampling frequency to obtain a plurality of detection signals, and store the plurality of detection signals in an excel table. This storage method is convenient for data arrangement and transmission. Further, the excel table is transmitted to the controller by the acquisition module, so that the controller generates a first feedback signal based on the plurality of detection signals stored in the excel table.

[0111] For example, the acquisition module in the detection feedback unit is an optical power meter. The optical power meter is used to detect the target optical signal in a manner of sampling 50 optical power values per batch, and store 50 groups of optical power values in an excel table. Further, the excel table is transmitted to the controller by the optical power meter, so that the controller reads the excel table and determines the average value of the 50 groups of optical power values in the excel table as the first feedback signal (i.e., the initial light intensity).

[0112] In this embodiment, based on the initial voltage profile, the driving modulation unit preliminarily deflects and modulates the incident light signal to obtain a modulated light signal, and then the detection feedback unit detects the modulated light signal to obtain a plurality of detection signals. According to the plurality of detection signals, a first feedback signal is generated, thereby realizing accurate acquisition of the first feedback signal in the system initialization stage. Meanwhile, the plurality of detection signals are stored in an excel table, which is conducive to data arrangement and transmission, and provides a key performance evaluation basis for deflection efficiency optimization.

[0113] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 , Figure 4 is a flowchart of the perturbation response difference determination step in one embodiment; the second feedback signal includes a forward perturbation feedback signal and a reverse perturbation feedback signal; based on the perturbation response relationship between the second feedback signal and the first feedback signal, the perturbation response difference corresponding to the target optimization voltage array is determined, including the following steps:

[0114] Step S401, determining the forward perturbation response relationship between the forward perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal according to the forward perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal.

[0115] The forward perturbation feedback signal refers to quantitative feedback data for characterizing the performance of the optical phased array system under the forward perturbation voltage array. It can be understood that the form of the forward perturbation feedback signal is related to the type of the acquisition module. For example, when the acquisition module is an optical power meter, the forward perturbation feedback signal is the optical power value, i.e. the light intensity.

[0116] In an exemplary embodiment, taking the acquisition module as an optical power meter as an example, the calculation process of the forward perturbation feedback signal is as follows: assuming that the liquid crystal optical phased array LCOPA includes M electrodes, where M = 2880, a full-zero array U of length M (i.e. a mask array for storing data) is created, and for , the optical power meter collects data by sampling 50 optical power values per batch, stores the collected data in the file opmdata.xlsx, and transmits it to the controller; the controller reads the first column of the first 50 rows of the opmdata.xlsx file and converts it into a one-dimensional array, calculates the average value of the one-dimensional array as the forward perturbation feedback signal (i.e. the light intensity under forward perturbation).

[0117] The forward perturbation response relationship is used to characterize the relative change rule of the output performance (such as light intensity) of the optical phased array system before and after forward voltage perturbation.

[0118] Exemplarily, taking the acquisition module as an optical power meter as an example, the forward perturbation feedback signal is denoted as , and the first feedback signal is denoted as , the forward perturbation feedback signal is determined according to the forward perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal , the first feedback signal is determined according to the forward perturbation feedback signal , the forward perturbation response relationship between the forward perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal is determined according to the forward perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal . .

[0119] Step S402, the reverse perturbation response relationship between the reverse perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal is determined according to the reverse perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal.

[0120] Wherein, the reverse perturbation feedback signal refers to the quantitative feedback data used to characterize the performance of the optical phased array system under the reverse perturbation voltage array; the form of the reverse perturbation feedback signal is related to the type of the acquisition module; for example, when the acquisition module is an optical power meter, the reverse perturbation feedback signal is the optical power value, that is, the light intensity.

[0121] It should be noted that the calculation principle of the reverse perturbation feedback signal is the same as that of the forward perturbation feedback signal described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0122] Wherein, the reverse perturbation response relationship is used to characterize the relative change rule of the output performance (such as light intensity) of the optical phased array system before and after the reverse voltage perturbation.

[0123] Exemplarily, taking the acquisition module as an optical power meter as an example, the reverse perturbation feedback signal is denoted as , the first feedback signal is denoted as , the reverse perturbation feedback signal is determined according to the reverse perturbation feedback signal , the first feedback signal is determined according to the reverse perturbation feedback signal , the reverse perturbation response relationship between the reverse perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal is determined according to the reverse perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal . .

[0124] Step S403, the perturbation response difference corresponding to the current voltage array is determined according to the forward perturbation response relationship and the reverse perturbation response relationship.

[0125] Wherein, the perturbation response difference is used to characterize the sensitivity and change trend of the system to the random perturbation in a specific direction under the current voltage configuration (i.e. the perturbation voltage array). It can be understood that the perturbation response difference provides a directional guidance for voltage optimization.

[0126] Exemplarily, according to the forward perturbation response relationship and the reverse perturbation response relationship , the perturbation response difference corresponding to the current voltage array is determined as .

[0127] ​​In this embodiment, by establishing the forward disturbance response relationship between the forward disturbance feedback signal and the first feedback signal, and the reverse disturbance response relationship between the reverse disturbance feedback signal and the first feedback signal, the performance change trend of the system under forward and reverse disturbances is independently characterized. Based on the two types of response relationships, the disturbance response difference is further determined, and the accurate perception of the performance change trend of the system is realized.

[0128] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 , Figure 5 is a flowchart of the step of optimizing the current voltage array in one embodiment; based on the disturbance response difference and the preset disturbance voltage array, the current voltage array is optimized to obtain a target optimized voltage array, including the following steps:

[0129] Step S501, based on the preset gradient direction gain, the disturbance response difference and the preset disturbance voltage array, a voltage correction array is determined.

[0130] The preset gradient direction gain is used to adjust the influence strength of the gradient estimation direction on the voltage update, and to ensure a balance between the convergence speed and stability of the algorithm; it should be noted that the preset gradient direction gain needs to be set according to actual optimization requirements, which is not limited here.

[0131] The voltage correction array is used to indicate the direction and amplitude of the adjustment of the current voltage array in the optimization iteration. The adjustment direction is determined by the sign of the preset disturbance voltage array and the disturbance response difference. For example, if the disturbance response difference is and the preset disturbance voltage array is , if , the update is along the direction; if , the update is along the direction. The adjustment amplitude is controlled by the strength of the disturbance response difference, the disturbance amplitude of the preset disturbance voltage array and the preset gradient direction gain, to ensure that the update step is moderate, and the convergence speed and stability are considered.

[0132] Step S502, the current voltage array is updated according to the voltage correction array to obtain a target optimized voltage array.

[0133] For example, assume that the current voltage array is , the preset gradient direction gain is y, the disturbance response difference is , and the preset disturbance voltage array is ; where N is the number of elements in a period; based on the preset gradient direction gain y, the disturbance response difference and the preset disturbance voltage array , the voltage correction array is obtained as Furthermore, based on the voltage correction array, the current voltage array is adjusted. The target optimized voltage array is then updated to obtain the following: .

[0134] In this embodiment, a voltage correction array is determined based on a preset gradient direction gain, perturbation response difference, and a preset perturbation voltage array, and the current voltage array is updated accordingly. This achieves efficient and adaptive optimization of the control parameters of the optical phased array system. Simultaneously, by introducing a preset gradient direction gain, the stability and convergence controllability of the optimization process are enhanced, avoiding overshoot or oscillation phenomena. The final generated target optimized voltage array can continuously approach the global optimum, effectively improving beam deflection efficiency and pointing accuracy.

[0135] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps for determining the target optimized voltage array in one embodiment; the current voltage array is updated based on the voltage correction array to obtain the target optimized voltage array, including the following steps:

[0136] Step S601: Update the current voltage array according to the voltage correction array to obtain the initial optimized voltage array.

[0137] The initial optimized voltage array refers to the original updated result obtained by superimposing the voltage correction array onto the current voltage array. It is understood that the initial optimized voltage array may contain voltage values ​​that exceed the hardware driver range or do not meet the preset voltage quantization accuracy requirements (such as values ​​greater than 255), therefore it cannot be directly used for actual control and requires further processing.

[0138] Step S602: For the out-of-limit voltage values ​​in the initial optimized voltage array that do not meet the preset voltage quantization accuracy, perform quantization constraint processing on the out-of-limit voltage values ​​to obtain the first updated voltage value corresponding to the out-of-limit voltage value.

[0139] The preset voltage quantization accuracy refers to the voltage resolution and dynamic range supported by the voltage drive circuit in the optical phased array system. For example, a preset voltage quantization accuracy of 8 bits corresponds to a range of 0 to 255.

[0140] Among them, the over-limit voltage value refers to the voltage element in the initial optimized voltage array whose absolute voltage value is higher than the maximum allowable value of the preset voltage quantization accuracy (such as 255).

[0141] The quantization constraint processing refers to a legal processing operation on the over-limit voltage value. In an exemplary embodiment, the quantization constraint processing on the over-limit voltage value can be performed in the following manner: subtracting the difference between the voltage absolute value of the over-limit voltage value and the preset voltage quantization precision maximum allowed value from the preset voltage quantization precision maximum allowed value, updating the over-limit voltage value, and obtaining a first updated voltage value corresponding to the over-limit voltage value. Specifically, assuming that the preset voltage quantization precision is 0-255, the quantization constraint processing is performed on the over-limit voltage value to obtain a first updated voltage value of .

[0142] In step S603, for the compliant voltage value in the initial optimization voltage array that meets the preset voltage quantization precision, the voltage absolute value corresponding to the compliant voltage value is determined as a second updated voltage value corresponding to the compliant voltage value.

[0143] The compliant voltage value refers to a voltage element in the initial optimization voltage array whose voltage absolute value is between the preset voltage quantization precision minimum allowed value and the maximum allowed value.

[0144] It can be understood that, since the compliant voltage value meets the preset voltage quantization precision, the voltage absolute value corresponding to the compliant voltage value only needs to be determined as the corresponding second updated voltage value.

[0145] In step S604, the initial optimization voltage array is updated according to the first updated voltage value and the second updated voltage value, or the second updated voltage value, to obtain a target optimization voltage array.

[0146] It can be understood that all voltage elements in the target optimization voltage array meet the preset voltage quantization precision and the hardware output range requirement, and can be directly used to drive the modulation unit to achieve the optimization of the light beam deflection efficiency.

[0147] For example, if there is no over-limit voltage value in the initial optimization voltage array, the initial optimization voltage array is updated according to the second updated voltage value corresponding to each compliant voltage value to obtain the target optimization voltage array. If there is an over-limit voltage value in the initial optimization voltage array, the initial optimization voltage array is updated according to the first updated voltage value corresponding to each over-limit voltage value and the second updated voltage value corresponding to each compliant voltage value to obtain the target optimization voltage array.

[0148] It can be understood that, through effective control of the voltage range and optimization of the algorithm, the effectiveness of the voltage disturbance is ensured, the light beam jitter and performance fluctuation caused by voltage fluctuation or other unstable factors are reduced, the system can maintain a stable working state under different working conditions, and the reliability of the system is improved.

[0149] In this embodiment, the initial optimization voltage array is updated according to the first updated voltage value and the second updated voltage value, or the second updated voltage value, to obtain a target optimization voltage array, which can ensure that all voltage elements in the target optimization voltage array meet the preset voltage quantization precision and hardware output range requirements, and can be directly used to drive the modulation unit to optimize the beam deflection efficiency, effectively avoiding the problems of control distortion, device damage or system instability caused by voltage overrun, and ensuring the physical realizability of the output results of the optimization algorithm.

[0150] In one embodiment, the deflection efficiency optimization method further comprises the following steps:

[0151] Step 1: generating a target voltage configuration file according to the target optimization voltage array.

[0152] The target voltage configuration file is used to drive the modulation unit to deflect and correct the incident light signal; and the target voltage configuration file can be a ucode file.

[0153] Step 2: performing format conversion on the target voltage configuration file to generate a message executable by the modulation unit, and sending the message to the modulation unit.

[0154] In one exemplary embodiment, the method of format conversion on the target voltage configuration file can be: re-encoding and packaging the data in the target voltage configuration file, i.e., the ucode file, to generate a data frame format message, which has a specific structure and encoding method, and has data check and error correction functions to ensure data integrity, accuracy and transmissibility, avoiding system abnormalities caused by data transmission errors, and enhancing the stability and reliability of the system under long-time operation and complex environment.

[0155] Specifically, in the initialization phase, the number of LCOPA electrodes is set to 2880, and the default value is initialized to 0. The data frame header is defined as a fixed 4 bytes: ['AA', 'AA', '10', '00']. In the data processing phase, valid data is read first: data is read line by line from the specified file (format: index + null character), the index and the corresponding value are extracted using a regular expression, and stored in the corresponding position of the ucodes list. Convert the numerical value to a 2-bit hexadecimal string (e.g. 255 to 'FF'). Further, generate zero-padded data: according to the input count parameter, generate a list of all '00' to fill the blank part of the data frame. Further, calculate the checksum: convert the hexadecimal string of the frame header and the valid data part to a numerical value, sum the low 8 bits as the checksum (e.g. 0x1A3 to 'A3'). Further, assemble the complete data frame, sequentially concatenate the following parts: frame header (4 bytes), valid data (2880 bytes), zero-padded data (length specified by count, e.g. 20160 bytes), and checksum (1 byte). In the serial port sending phase, open the specified serial port; convert each hexadecimal string in the data frame to a byte and send it in order, and close the serial port after sending is complete.

[0156] It should be noted that once the new voltage information (i.e. the target optimization voltage array) is applied to the electrodes of the LCOPA, the system will automatically enter the next round of deflection efficiency optimization cycle, forming a closed loop optimization process. The system will continue to run the cycle until the preset optimization target is reached, for example, reaching the preset deflection efficiency threshold, meeting a certain number of iterations, reaching a stable performance indicator, or meeting other custom stop conditions.

[0157] In this embodiment, through the control terminal, a message executable by the modulation unit can be directly generated, and the message is sent to the LCOPA through the serial port to directly drive the potential change of the multiple electrodes of the LCOPA, thereby realizing the correction of the light beam deflection, avoiding the problem of low data transmission efficiency caused by relying on the intermediate data format conversion of the lower computer in the traditional technology, ensuring accurate data transmission and accurate control of the electrodes, and efficiently applying the results of algorithm optimization to the LCOPA, making the light beam deflection more accurate and efficient.

[0158] In one specific embodiment, the light source, polarizer, half-wave plate, LCOPA, Fourier lens, aperture, and optical power meter are installed in sequence on the optical path to ensure smoothness of the optical path and stability of each component. Each component is accurately calibrated and adjusted to ensure its performance meets the system requirements. The controller is communicatively connected to the LCOPA and optical power meter to ensure normal establishment of serial communication and set parameters such as baud rate, data bits, and stop bits. During system initialization, the controller loads the pre-prepared initial voltage configuration file (ucode file) to obtain the executable message of the LCOPA, sends it to the 2880 electrodes of the LCOPA, and makes the LCOPA deflect to the initial angle. The optical power meter is initialized and set, including setting parameters such as sampling frequency and sampling times, to ensure that it can normally collect power values.

[0159] Further, the optical power meter collects power values according to the sampling rule of 50 times per batch, and generates an excel table from the collected data. The excel table is transmitted to the controller through the data transmission interface. After receiving the excel table, the controller performs random gradient parallel descent calculation according to the deflection efficiency optimization method described in the above embodiment. During the calculation process, 2880 target optimization voltage arrays for generating a new ucode file (i.e., a target voltage configuration file) are generated according to the logic of the algorithm, and the current deflection efficiency value is calculated. The deflection efficiency value is recorded in the log file, and the timestamp and system running state information are also recorded in the log file.

[0160] The newly generated ucode file (i.e., the target voltage configuration file) is converted into a message in the specified data frame format by the controller and sent to the LCOPA through the serial port to drive the electrode potential change and correct the light beam deflection. Then the system automatically enters the next round of optimization cycle until the preset optimization target is reached or the stop condition is met.

[0161] During the entire implementation process, the system needs to be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure the normal operation of each component and the accuracy of the data. At the same time, according to the feedback of actual application, the parameters of the deflection efficiency optimization algorithm (i.e., the SPGD algorithm) are adjusted and optimized to continuously improve the performance of the system.

[0162] It can be understood that the optimized design of the optical power meter has a high sampling frequency and accuracy, which can timely and accurately sample the optical beam power and quickly transmit the sampling data to the controller. At the same time, the deflection efficiency optimization method adopts an efficient calculation method, and the updating and optimization of the voltage can be completed in a short time, so that the system can quickly adjust the electrode voltage of the LCOPA according to the real-time measurement data, and realize fast beam deflection adjustment. Compared with the traditional system, the system of the present application can respond faster in handling dynamic scenes such as fast scanning, dynamic target tracking, etc., greatly shortening the response time of the system and improving the real-time performance of the system, providing better performance for application scenarios that require fast adjustment of beam pointing, such as link switching in free space optical communication, fast target locking in beam pointing and tracking systems, etc.

[0163] At the same time, the present application can effectively suppress the generation of sidelobes and stray light beams. When the LCOPA is working, the phase modulation of the liquid crystal molecules is accurately controlled by adjusting the voltage, which avoids the problem of sidelobe formation and energy dispersion caused by insufficient control accuracy in traditional systems, improves the energy concentration of the light beam, and significantly improves the quality of the light beam. This not only enhances the directivity of the light beam, but also enables clearer and more accurate image scanning in optical scanning imaging systems, improves measurement accuracy in optical detection and ranging systems, and enables more accurate target detection and positioning in laser radar systems, meeting the requirements of application scenarios with high requirements for beam quality and control accuracy.

[0164] Compared with some traditional optimization algorithms such as genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm, the deflection efficiency optimization method of the present application reduces the computational complexity and improves the optimization efficiency through simple stochastic gradient parallel descent operation. This optimization method can effectively run in the case of limited hardware resources, reducing the dependence on high-performance computing devices, thereby reducing the overall complexity and cost of the system to some extent. At the same time, the optical phased array system of the present application has a relatively simple and clear structure, and is more universal and economical in hardware selection and configuration, which is conducive to large-scale promotion and application. For example, the deflection efficiency optimization method of the present application can be widely used in multiple technical fields such as laser radar systems, free space optical communication systems, optical detection and ranging systems, optical scanning imaging systems, and beam pointing and tracking systems.

[0165] Specifically, in a laser radar system, LCOPA as a key beam control element, its deflection efficiency directly affects the scanning range, resolution and detection accuracy of the radar. The traditional LCOPA system may have low efficiency when deflecting the beam due to various factors, which will limit the performance of the laser radar and cannot meet the needs of high-precision and high-resolution detection. The deflection efficiency optimization method of the present application can effectively optimize the deflection efficiency of LCOPA, thereby improving the overall performance of the laser radar, making it play a more outstanding role in automatic driving, topographic mapping, environmental monitoring, weather observation and many other fields.

[0166] For a free space optical communication system, efficient beam deflection is an important factor to ensure the establishment and maintenance of the communication link. By optimizing the deflection efficiency of LCOPA through the deflection efficiency optimization method of the present application, faster and more accurate beam pointing and scanning can be achieved, thereby improving the establishment speed and communication quality of the communication link, enhancing the communication reliability of the system under different weather conditions and transmission distances, and providing more stable and efficient optical signal transmission guarantee for the free space optical communication system in long-distance communication, satellite communication, ground station communication and other scenarios.

[0167] In a light detection and ranging system, accurate beam control is crucial for accurately measuring the distance and position of the target. The deflection efficiency optimization method provided by the present application can optimize the performance of LCOPA, ensure that the beam can accurately point to the target and achieve efficient detection and ranging operation, reduce errors and measurement deviations caused by low beam deflection efficiency, and has important application value in industrial measurement, building measurement, military target positioning and other aspects.

[0168] In a beam pointing and tracking system, the present application can improve the beam pointing accuracy and tracking speed of LCOPA, which can quickly adjust the pointing direction of the beam in fast-moving targets or complex environments, realize accurate tracking of the target, and has significant application advantages in space target tracking, missile guidance, astronomical observation and other fields, ensuring that the beam can accurately point to and follow the target, providing strong support for subsequent information acquisition, target analysis and operation.

[0169] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts related to the embodiments described above are shown in sequence according to the arrows, the steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, the execution of the steps is not strictly limited in sequence, and the steps can be executed in other sequences. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts related to the embodiments described above can include multiple steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution sequence of the steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed alternately or alternately with at least part of other steps or steps or stages in other steps.

[0170] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device, which can be a server, is provided, and an internal structure diagram of the computer device can be as shown in Figure 7 The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (I / O) and a communication interface. Among them, the processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium to run. The database of the computer device is used to store deflection efficiency optimization related data. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with external terminals through network connection. The computer program is executed by the processor to implement a deflection efficiency optimization method.

[0171] Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 7 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of part of the structure related to the scheme of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the scheme of the present application is applied. The specific computer device can include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0172] In an embodiment, a computer device is also provided, which includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0173] In an embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0174] In an embodiment, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above method embodiments.

[0175] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user equipment information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in the present application are all information and data authorized by the user or authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of related data need to comply with relevant regulations.

[0176] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0177] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0178] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several embodiments of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A deflection efficiency optimization method, characterized by, The method comprises: acquiring a first feedback signal of the optical phased array system under an initial condition; in a case where a deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system under a current voltage array does not satisfy a preset optimization target, performing voltage perturbation on the current voltage array based on a preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a perturbation voltage array; acquiring a second feedback signal of the optical phased array system under the perturbation voltage array; determining a perturbation response difference corresponding to the current voltage array based on a perturbation response relationship between the second feedback signal and the first feedback signal; optimizing the current voltage array based on the perturbation response difference and the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a target optimization voltage array, and optimizing the deflection efficiency of the optical phased array system through the target optimization voltage array.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The optical phased array system comprises a modulation unit and a detection feedback unit; the acquiring of the first feedback signal of the optical phased array system under the initial condition comprises: acquiring a preset deflection parameter; generating an initial voltage configuration file according to the preset deflection parameter to drive the modulation unit to perform deflection modulation on an incident light signal to obtain a modulated light signal; acquiring a plurality of groups of detection signals obtained by performing signal detection on the modulated light signal by the detection feedback unit; generating a first feedback signal according to the plurality of groups of detection signals.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The detection feedback unit comprises a light beam screening module and an acquisition module; the acquiring of the plurality of groups of detection signals obtained by performing signal detection on the modulated light signal by the detection feedback unit comprises: acquiring a plurality of groups of detection signals obtained by performing signal acquisition on a target light signal by the acquisition module; wherein the target light signal is obtained by performing light beam filtering processing on the modulated light signal by the light beam screening module.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The performing of voltage perturbation on the current voltage array based on the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a perturbation voltage array comprises: performing forward voltage perturbation on the current voltage array based on the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a forward perturbation voltage array; performing reverse voltage perturbation on the current voltage array based on the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a reverse perturbation voltage array; determining the forward perturbation voltage array and the reverse perturbation voltage array as the perturbation voltage array.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The second feedback signal comprises a forward perturbation feedback signal and a reverse perturbation feedback signal; the determining of a perturbation response difference corresponding to the target optimization voltage array based on a perturbation response relationship between the second feedback signal and the first feedback signal comprises: determining a forward perturbation response relationship between the forward perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal according to the forward perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal; determining a reverse perturbation response relationship between the reverse perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal according to the reverse perturbation feedback signal and the first feedback signal; determining the perturbation response difference corresponding to the current voltage array according to the forward perturbation response relationship and the reverse perturbation response relationship.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The optimizing of the current voltage array based on the perturbation response difference and the preset perturbation voltage array to obtain a target optimization voltage array comprises: Determine a voltage correction array based on a preset gradient direction gain, the disturbance response difference, and the preset disturbance voltage array; Update the current voltage array according to the voltage correction array to obtain a target optimized voltage array.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The updating of the current voltage array according to the voltage correction array to obtain a target optimized voltage array comprises: Performing voltage updating on the current voltage array according to the voltage correction array to obtain an initial optimized voltage array; Performing quantization constraint processing on the out-of-limit voltage value in the initial optimized voltage array to obtain a first updated voltage value corresponding to the out-of-limit voltage value; Determining a voltage absolute value corresponding to the compliant voltage value in the initial optimized voltage array as a second updated voltage value corresponding to the compliant voltage value; Updating the initial optimized voltage array according to the first updated voltage value and the second updated voltage value, or the second updated voltage value, to obtain a target optimized voltage array.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein, The optical phased array system comprises a modulation unit; the method further comprises: Generating a target voltage configuration file according to the target optimized voltage array; Converting the format of the target voltage configuration file to generate a message executable by the modulation unit, and sending the message to the modulation unit.

9. An optical phased array system, comprising: The optical phased array system comprises a controller, an exit unit, a modulation unit, and a detection feedback unit; the exit unit, the modulation unit, and the detection feedback unit are sequentially arranged on an optical path; The controller is in communication connection with the modulation unit and the detection feedback unit; The controller is configured to execute the deflection efficiency optimization method in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein, The exit unit comprises a light source, a polarizer, and a half-wave plate; the modulation unit comprises a liquid crystal optical phased array; and the detection feedback unit comprises a light beam screening module and an acquisition module; The light source, the polarizer, the half-wave plate, the liquid crystal optical phased array, the light beam screening module, and the acquisition module are sequentially arranged on the optical path in a preset order.

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